PL110819B2 - Method for measurement of mean temperature by means of p-n junctions - Google Patents

Method for measurement of mean temperature by means of p-n junctions Download PDF

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Publication number
PL110819B2
PL110819B2 PL20858478A PL20858478A PL110819B2 PL 110819 B2 PL110819 B2 PL 110819B2 PL 20858478 A PL20858478 A PL 20858478A PL 20858478 A PL20858478 A PL 20858478A PL 110819 B2 PL110819 B2 PL 110819B2
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branches
currents
parallel
voltage difference
average temperature
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PL20858478A
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Polish (pl)
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PL208584A1 (en
Inventor
Jacek Zebrowski
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Politechnika Lodzka
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Priority to PL20858478A priority Critical patent/PL110819B2/en
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Publication of PL110819B2 publication Critical patent/PL110819B2/en

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  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób pomiaru sredniej temperatury kilku punktów, nalezacych do pewnego obszaru, za pomoca zlaczy p-n umieszczonych w tych punktach.W znanych metodach pomiaru sredniej temperatury za pomoca kilku zlaczy p-n, wykorzystuje sie wspól¬ zaleznosc temperatury zlacza i napiecia na zlaczu p-n spolaryzowanym przepustowo pradem o stalej wartosci.Pomiaru dokonuje sie metoda bezposrednia (Ubc) lub róznicowa (4Ut,c).Pierwsza metoda polega na pomiarze napiecia na jednym lub kilku zlaczach polaczonych szeregowo zasila¬ nych pradem stalym. Wada tej metody jest dosc znaczna nieliniowosc oraz koniecznosc kalibracji po wymianie czujnika.W metodzie drugiej bada sie róznice napiec wystepujacych na dwu identycznych zlaczach p-n, z których kazde moze zawierac kilka zlacz polaczonych szeregowo, zasilanych dwoma róznymi pradami, ale takimi których wartosci powstaja w stosunku constans. Wspomniane zlacza, lub prady zlacz, tworza dwie galezie równolegle.Wada tej metody jest wymaganie, aby zlacza wchodzace w sklad galezi, byly parami identyczne.Obie metody jesli mialyby byc wykorzystane do pomiaru temperatury sredniej, wymagalyby zastosowania dodatkowych ukladów elektronicznych.Wad tych nie posiada sposób wedlug wynalazku, którego istota polega na tym, ze prady zasilajace uklad zawierajacy kilka zlaczy p-n polaczonych szeregowo i tworzacych dwie równolegle galezie, doprowadza sie do tych galezi na przemian, po czym mierzy sie na nich srednia wartosc bezwzglednej róznicy napiec bedacej miara sredniej temperatury w badanym obszarze. Bezwzgledna róznice napiec uzyskuje sie w wyniku detekcji synchronicznej, w takt wspólnego sygnalu zegarowego, który wykorzystywany jest ponadto do sterowania ko¬ mutacji pradów zasilajacych wymienione równolegle galezie, oraz do przetwarzania analogowo-cyfrowego napie¬ cia na wymienionych galeziach równoleglych. Przedstawiony sposób pomiaru moze byc wykorzystany takze w przypadku, gdy uklad zawiera wiecej niz dwie galezie równolegle oraz zasilany jest wiecej niz dwoma pra¬ dami.2 110 819 Sposób wedlug wynalazku umozliwia wykorzystanie prostego ukladu elektronicznego zapewniajacego dobra liniowosc, nie wymagajacego skalowania. Pozwala na zamiennosc czujników bez koniecznosci ponownego kalibrowania ukladu. Stosowane zlacza p-n nie musza byc identyczne, a wiec czujnikami moga byc tanie niepa- rowane elementy pólprzewodnikowe bipolarne. Napiecie wyjsciowe omawianych galezi równoleglych, odpowia¬ da bezposrednio sredniej temperaturze wykorzystanych zlacz p-n, a wiec i sredniej temperaturze badanego obszaru.Przedmiot wynalazku zostanie blizej objasniony na podstawie przykladu wykonania uwidocznionego na rysunku przedstawiajacym schemat elektryczny ukladu umozliwiajacego realizacje sposobu.Uklad zawiera dwie galezie Gx i G2 ze zlaczami p-n Zi i, z13/ Zj-, z21/ z22...z2n, zasilane na przemian dwoma pradami Ja i JB ° wartosciach pozostajacych w stalym stosunku, generowanymi przez zródla pradowe A i B. Napiecie zalezne od temperatury wystepuje na niepolaczonych koncach tych galezi X i Y. Przelaczanie wspomnianych pradów zobrazowano przykladowo za pomoca przelacznika P, pracujacego w takt sygnalu zegaro¬ wego. Zgodnie z tym sygnalem pracuje synchronicznie przelacznik R, realizujacy detekcje napiecia powstajacego miedzy punktami X i Y.Wartosc srednia tego napiecia mozna otrzymac w wyniku dzialania filtru dolnoprze- pustowego FDP. Filtr takf jest zbedny, jezeli uklad lub urzadzenie wykorzystujace taki wyprostowany sygnal po¬ siada z natury swego dzialania wlasnosci dolnoprzepustowe. Sposób realizacji naprzemiennego zasilania nie jest istotny, praktycznie stosuje sie przelaczanie za pomoca kluczy pradowych pradów, generowanych przez uzalez¬ nione ilorazowo zródla pradowe. Sposób pobierania napiecia na tych galeziach nie jest krytyczny, ale kazdy pobór pradu z tych galezi przez uklad o niskiej impedancji wejsciowej zmniejsza dokladnosc pomiaru. Mozna stosowac elektroniczny woltomierz napiecia przemiennego, albo wykorzystac detekqe synchroniczna w takt przelaczania zasilajacych zródel pradowych. Na wyjsciu nalezy wlaczyc filtr dolnoprzepustowy.Podany sposób pomiaru nadaje sie równiez do wykorzystania wtedy, gdy jest wiecej niz dwie galezie ze zlaczami, oraz wiecej niz dwa prady zasilajace te galezie. Oczywiscie w kazdej galezi moze byc tylko jedno zla¬ cze p-n. Jezeli wy kor. stujemy wtedy tylko dwie galezie, to w jednej z nich mozna umiescic (tylko) zlacze E-B, a w drugiej C-B tego san.~go tranzystora.Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Sposób pomiaru sredniej temperatury za pomoca zlaczy p-n polaczonych szeregowo i pogrupowanych w dwie galezie równolegle zasilane pradami, których wartosci pozostaja w stalym stosunku, znamienny tym, ze prady zasilajace (Ja i Jb) doprowadza sie do równoleglych galezi (Gi i G2) na przemian, po czym mierzy sie na nich srednia wartosc bezwzgledenj róznicy napiec bedacej miara sredniej temperatury w badanym obszarze. 2. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze galezie równolegle (Gx i G2) zasila sie wiecej niz dwoma pradami pozostajacymi w okreslonej stalej zaleznosci. 3. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze bezwzgledna róznice napiec uzyskuje sie w wyni¬ ku detekcji synchronicznej, w takt wspólnego sygnalu zegarowego sterujacego jednoczesnie komutacja pradów (JA JB) zasilajacych galezie (Gi i G2). 4. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 3, znamienny tym, ze sygnal zegarowy wykorzystuje sie ponadto do przetwarzania analogowo-cyfrowego róznicy napiecia w punktach (X i Y).110819 PLThe subject of the invention is a method of measuring the average temperature of several points, belonging to a certain area, with the use of pn junctions located at these points. Known methods of measuring the average temperature with the use of several pn junctions, the correlation between the junction temperature and the voltage on the pass-polarized pn junction is used. The measurement is made by the direct (Ubc) or differential (4Ut, c) method. The first method is to measure the voltage across one or more DC couplers connected in series. The disadvantage of this method is quite a significant nonlinearity and the need to calibrate after replacing the sensor. The second method examines the voltage differences between two identical voltage path connections, each of which may contain several connections connected in series, powered by two different currents, but the values of which arise in relation to constans. The aforementioned junctions, or junction currents, form two branches in parallel. The disadvantage of this method is that the connectors in the branches must be identical in pairs. Both methods, if they were to be used to measure the average temperature, would require the use of additional electronic circuits. method according to the invention, the essence of which consists in the fact that the currents supplying a system containing several truncated connections connected in series and forming two parallel branches, are alternately brought to these branches, and then the average value of the absolute voltage difference is measured on them, which is a measure of the average temperature in area under study. The absolute voltage difference is obtained as a result of synchronous detection, in the clock signal cycle, which is also used to control the co-mutation of the supply currents to the branches mentioned in parallel, and to convert analog-to-digital voltage on the mentioned parallel branches. The presented method of measurement can also be used when the system contains more than two branches in parallel and is powered by more than two currents.2 110 819 The method according to the invention makes it possible to use a simple electronic system ensuring good linearity, not requiring scaling. It allows the interchangeability of sensors without the need to recalibrate the system. The applied p-n connectors do not have to be identical, so the sensors can be cheap unpaired bipolar semiconductor elements. The output voltage of the discussed parallel branches corresponds directly to the average temperature of the applied PN junction, and thus to the average temperature of the studied area. The subject of the invention will be explained in more detail on the basis of the example of the embodiment shown in the drawing showing the electrical diagram of the circuit enabling the implementation of the method. The layout and two components include two components. G2 with pivot connections Zi i, z13 / Zj-, z21 / z22 ... z2n, supplied alternately with two currents I and JB ° of values remaining in a constant ratio, generated by current sources A and B. Voltage dependent on temperature occurs on unconnected the ends of these X and Y branches. The switching of the aforementioned currents is illustrated, for example, by a switch P, operating in the clock of a clock signal. According to this signal, the R switch works synchronously, which detects the voltage arising between points X and Y. The average value of this voltage can be obtained as a result of the operation of the low-pass filter FDP. The takf filter is superfluous if a circuit or device using such a rectified signal has, by its nature, low-pass properties. The method of implementing the alternating power supply is not important, it is practically used to switch the currents generated by quotient-dependent current sources by means of current keys. The way in which the voltage is drawn on these branches is not critical, but any current draw from these branches by a circuit with low input impedance reduces the accuracy of the measurement. It is possible to use an electronic alternating voltage voltmeter, or to use a synchronous detector in the timing of switching of the supplying current sources. At the output, turn on the low-pass filter. The given measurement method is also suitable for use when there are more than two branches with connectors, and more than two currents supplying these branches. Of course, there can only be one p-n junction in each branch. If you cor. then there are only two branches, one of them can accommodate (only) the EB connector, and the other CB of this san. ~ go transistor. Patent claims 1. The method of measuring the average temperature by means of a series-connected power supply and grouped into two parallel branches currents, the values of which remain in a constant ratio, characterized in that the supply currents (I and Jb) are brought alternately to the parallel branches (Gi and G2), and then the average value of the absolute voltage difference is measured on them, which is a measure of the average temperature in the tested area. 2. The method according to claim A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the branches in parallel (Gx and G2) are fed with more than two currents with a defined constant relationship. 3. The method according to p. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the absolute voltage difference is obtained as a result of synchronous detection, with a common clock signal controlling the simultaneous commutation of the currents (JA JB) supplying the branches (Gi and G2). 4. The method according to p. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the clock signal is further used to convert the analog-to-digital voltage difference at points (X and Y).

Claims (4)

Zastrzezenia patentowe 1. Sposób pomiaru sredniej temperatury za pomoca zlaczy p-n polaczonych szeregowo i pogrupowanych w dwie galezie równolegle zasilane pradami, których wartosci pozostaja w stalym stosunku, znamienny tym, ze prady zasilajace (Ja i Jb) doprowadza sie do równoleglych galezi (Gi i G2) na przemian, po czym mierzy sie na nich srednia wartosc bezwzgledenj róznicy napiec bedacej miara sredniej temperatury w badanym obszarze.Claims 1. The method of measuring the average temperature by means of pairs connected in series and grouped in two branches, supplied in parallel with currents, the values of which remain in a constant ratio, characterized by the fact that the supply currents (I and Jb) are fed to parallel branches (Gi and G2 ) alternately, and then the average value of the absolute voltage difference is measured on them, which is a measure of the average temperature in the studied area. 2. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze galezie równolegle (Gx i G2) zasila sie wiecej niz dwoma pradami pozostajacymi w okreslonej stalej zaleznosci.2. The method according to claim A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the branches in parallel (Gx and G2) are fed with more than two currents with a defined constant relationship. 3. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, ze bezwzgledna róznice napiec uzyskuje sie w wyni¬ ku detekcji synchronicznej, w takt wspólnego sygnalu zegarowego sterujacego jednoczesnie komutacja pradów (JA JB) zasilajacych galezie (Gi i G2).3. The method according to p. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the absolute voltage difference is obtained as a result of synchronous detection, with a common clock signal controlling the simultaneous commutation of the currents (JA JB) supplying the branches (Gi and G2). 4. Sposób wedlug zastrz. 3, znamienny tym, ze sygnal zegarowy wykorzystuje sie ponadto do przetwarzania analogowo-cyfrowego róznicy napiecia w punktach (X i Y).110819 PL4. The method according to p. The method of claim 3, characterized in that the clock signal is further used to convert the analog-to-digital voltage difference at points (X and Y).
PL20858478A 1978-07-20 1978-07-20 Method for measurement of mean temperature by means of p-n junctions PL110819B2 (en)

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PL110819B2 true PL110819B2 (en) 1980-08-30

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