PL114538B2 - Method of measuring active power by utilizing a thermostat - Google Patents

Method of measuring active power by utilizing a thermostat Download PDF

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Publication number
PL114538B2
PL114538B2 PL21087478A PL21087478A PL114538B2 PL 114538 B2 PL114538 B2 PL 114538B2 PL 21087478 A PL21087478 A PL 21087478A PL 21087478 A PL21087478 A PL 21087478A PL 114538 B2 PL114538 B2 PL 114538B2
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
thermostat
power
active power
temperature
utilizing
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PL21087478A
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Polish (pl)
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PL210874A1 (en
Inventor
Stanislaw Zemla
Adam Panasiewicz
Roman Zygula
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Univ Jagiellonski
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Priority to PL21087478A priority Critical patent/PL114538B2/en
Publication of PL210874A1 publication Critical patent/PL210874A1/en
Publication of PL114538B2 publication Critical patent/PL114538B2/en

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Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest sposób pomiaru mocy czynnej traconej np. w kondensatorach, z wykorzysta¬ niem jednego termostatu oraz ukladu z regulacyjna petla sprzezenia zwrotnego.Znane sa i stosowane rózne metody pomiaru mocy czynnej. Najbardziej zblizona metoda do sposobu prezentowanego zgodnie z wynalazkiem jest metoda kalorymetryczna, która polega na przetwarzaniu energii drgan elektromagnetycznych wydzielanej w dopasowanym obciazeniu na cieplo. W sklad kalorymetrycznego miernika mocy wchodzi obciazenie, w którym wydziela sie mierzona moc i miernik temperatury, który znajduje sie w przeplywajacej wodzie lub powietrzu. Sa to tzw. kalorymetry dynamiczne lub przeplywowe.Moc wydzielona w obciazeniu wodnego kalorymetru dynamicznego okresla sie na podstawie róznicy tem¬ peratur na wyjsciu i wejsciu kalorymetru i predkosci przeplywu wody. Wada tej metody jest niedokladnosc pomiaru rzedu 10% i wiecej, a pomiar odbywa sie w warunkach znacznie odbiegajacych od pracy znamionowej.Na powyzszej zasadzie oparta jest metoda znana z opisu patentowego ZSRR nr 580516.Inna, bardziej zblizona do przedmiotu wynalazku jest metoda znana z polskiego opisu patentowego nr 102317. W metodzie tej wykorzystuje sie regulacyjna petle sprzezenia zwrotnego, która oddzialywuje w trak¬ cie procesu wylacznie na naczynie pomiarowe, tak aby jego temperatura byla okreslona stala zaleznoscia od temperatury naczynia odniesienia. Sygnal regulacyjny, wytworzony w petli, przetwarza sie na sygnal proporcjo¬ nalny do mocy lub energii zachodzacej w kalorymetrze.Opisana wyzej metoda oraz urzadzenie elektroniczne do wyznaczania mocy cieplnej w kalorymetrze spel¬ nia warunek zachowania izotermicznosci obydwu naczyn ale jest zalezna od zewnetrznych warunków, a ponadto pod wzgledem elektronicznymjest niezwykle rozbudowana i skomplikowana.Celem wynalazku jest opracowanie sposobu pomiaru mocy ezynnej przy uzyciu jednego termostatu z wykorzystaniem regulacyjnej petli sprzezenia zwrotnego, tak aby pomiar odbywal sie w warunkach bliskich pracy znamionowej mierzonych elementów.Stwierdzono, ze uzyskuje sie dobre wyniki pomiaru wówczas, gdy zadaje sie dla danego mierzonego elementu temperature wewnatrz termostatu, a nastepnie wprowadza sie do jego wnetrza ten element i wyznacza114 538 tracona moc, która jest proporcjonalna do róznicy mocy grzania termostatu przed i po wprowadzeniu mierzonej mocy do jego wnetrza.Istotna zaleta tej metody obok dokladnosci pomiaru jest to, ze w trakcie pomiaru mozna zadac warunki zblizone do rzeczywistych warunków pracy, na przyklad kondensatorów, a ponadto wykorzystujac wlasnosci termostatu, pomiaru uniezalezniony jest od zewnetrznych warunków.Przyklad I. Kondensator wklada sie do termostatu i zadaje temperature 40°C. Dokonuje sie pomia¬ ru mocy doprowadzonej do termostatu w celu utrzymania zadanej temperatury. Nastepnie podlacza sie napiecie odksztalcone, np. z ukladu tyrystorowego. Dokonuje sie pomiaru mocy doprowadzonej do termostatu. Róznica mocy doprowadzonej do termostatu przed i po wlaczeniu zasilania kondensatora jest proporcjonalna do strat mocy w kondensatorze. TabelaI ilustruje strate mocy w kondensatorze w warunkach pomiaru przy temperaturze 40°C.Tabela I L. pom. 1 2 3 tj °C 40 40 40 Pi W 48,31 48,4 46,8 toi °C 20 20 21 P2 W 44,2 45,46 43,28 to 2 °C 20 20,5 21 Ap W 4,11 2,94 3,52 gdzie t01 - temperatura otoczenia przed zasilaniem kondensatora, t0 2 - temperatura otoczenia po zasilaniu kondensatora, t2 - temperatura zadana wewnatrz termostatu, Pi — moc dostarczona do termostatu przed zalaczeniem napiecia, p2 - moc dostarczona do termostatu po zalaczeniu napiecia na kondensatorze," Ap - róznica mocy.Przyklad II. Kondensator wklada sie do termostatu i zadaje temperature 60°C. Nastepnie postepuje sie jak w przykladzie 1. Tabela II ilustruje strate mocy w kondensatorze w warunkach pomiaru przy temperatu¬ rze 60°C.Tabela II L. pom. 1 2 3 • t2 °C 60 60 60 Pi W 97,67 99,69 97,12 toi. ' °c 22 21 22 P2 W 93,46 95,1 93,1 t02 °c 22 21 22,5 Ap W 4,21 4,59 ¦ 4,02 Urzadzenie oparte na tej metodzie umozliwia miedzy innymi pomiar i testowanie kondensatorów tlumia¬ cych i komutacyjnych pracujacych w ukladach tyrystorowych.Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób pomiaru mocy czynnej z wykorzystaniem jednego termostatu oraz ukladu z regulacyjna petla sprzezenia zwrotnego, znamienny tym, ze zadaje sie znamionowa dla danego mierzonego elementu temperature wewnatrz termostatu, a nastepnie wprowadza sie do jego wnetrza ten element i wyznacza tracona w nim moc, która jest proporcjonalna do róznicy mocy grzania termostatu przed i po wprowadzeniu mierzonej mocy do jego wnetrza.Prac. Poligraf. UP PRL naklad 120+18 Cena 45 zl PLThe subject of the invention is a method of measuring the active power lost, for example in capacitors, with the use of one thermostat and a circuit with a control feedback loop. Various methods of measuring active power are known and used. The method most similar to the method according to the invention is the calorimetric method, which consists in converting electromagnetic vibration energy emitted under a matched load into heat. The calorimetric power meter consists of a load that gives off the measured power and a temperature meter that is in flowing water or air. These are the so-called dynamic or flow calorimeters. The power dissipated in the load of a water dynamic calorimeter is determined on the basis of the difference in temperature at the exit and inlet of the calorimeter and the speed of water flow. The disadvantage of this method is the measurement inaccuracy of 10% or more, and the measurement takes place in conditions significantly different from the rated operation. The method known from the USSR patent description No. 580516 is based on the above principle. Another, more closely related to the subject of the invention is the method known from the Polish No. 102317. This method uses a regulating feedback loop which acts exclusively on the measuring vessel during the process, so that its temperature is constant depending on the temperature of the reference vessel. The control signal, generated in the loop, is converted into a signal proportional to the power or energy in the calorimeter. The above-described method and the electronic device for determining the heat power in the calorimeter meet the isothermal condition of both vessels, but it depends on external conditions, and Moreover, in electronic terms, it is extremely complex and complicated. The aim of the invention is to develop a method of measuring the active power with the use of a single thermostat with the use of a control feedback loop, so that the measurement takes place in conditions close to the rated operation of the measured elements. It was found that good measurement results are obtained then when the temperature inside the thermostat is set for a given element, and then this element is introduced into its interior and the lost power is determined, which is proportional to the difference in heating power of the thermostat before and after the input of the measured power into its interior. Apart from the measurement accuracy, it is possible to set conditions close to the actual operating conditions, for example capacitors, and also using the thermostat properties, the measurement is independent of external conditions. Example I. The capacitor is inserted into the thermostat and sets the temperature 40 ° C. The power applied to the thermostat is measured to maintain the desired temperature. Then, a distorted voltage is connected, e.g. from a thyristor system. The power supplied to the thermostat is measured. The difference in power supplied to the thermostat before and after the capacitor is energized is proportional to the power loss in the capacitor. Table I illustrates the power loss in the capacitor under measurement conditions at 40 ° C. Table I No. meas. 1 2 3 i.e. ° C 40 40 40 Pi W 48.31 48.4 46.8 toi ° C 20 20 21 P2 W 44.2 45.46 43.28 to 2 ° C 20 20.5 21 Ap W 4, 11 2.94 3.52, where t01 - ambient temperature before capacitor supply, t0 2 - ambient temperature after capacitor supply, t2 - temperature set inside the thermostat, Pi - power supplied to the thermostat before energizing, p2 - power supplied to the thermostat after energizing voltage across the capacitor, "Ap - power difference. Example II. The capacitor is inserted into the thermostat and sets a temperature of 60 ° C. Then the procedure is as in example 1. Table II illustrates the power loss in the capacitor under measurement conditions at a temperature of 60 ° C. Table II No. of meas. 1 2 3 • t2 ° C 60 60 60 Pi W 97.67 99.69 97.12 toi. '° C 22 21 22 P2 W 93.46 95.1 93.1 t02 ° C 22 21 22.5 Ap W 4.21 4.59 ¦ 4.02 The device based on this method enables, among other things, the measurement and testing of damping and commutation capacitors operating in thyristor circuits. active circuit with the use of one thermostat and a system with a feedback loop control, characterized by the fact that the nominal temperature for a given measured element is set inside the thermostat, and then this element is introduced into its interior and the power lost in it is determined, which is proportional to the difference heating power of the thermostat before and after the introduction of the measured power into its interior. Typographer. UP PRL, circulation 120 + 18 Price PLN 45 PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób pomiaru mocy czynnej z wykorzystaniem jednego termostatu oraz ukladu z regulacyjna petla sprzezenia zwrotnego, znamienny tym, ze zadaje sie znamionowa dla danego mierzonego elementu temperature wewnatrz termostatu, a nastepnie wprowadza sie do jego wnetrza ten element i wyznacza tracona w nim moc, która jest proporcjonalna do róznicy mocy grzania termostatu przed i po wprowadzeniu mierzonej mocy do jego wnetrza. Prac. Poligraf. UP PRL naklad 120+18 Cena 45 zl PL1. Patent claim A method of measuring active power using one thermostat and a feedback loop control system, characterized in that the nominal temperature for a given measured element is set inside the thermostat, and then this element is inserted into its interior and the power lost in it is determined. , which is proportional to the difference in heating power of the thermostat before and after the input of the measured power into its interior. Wash. Typographer. UP PRL, circulation 120 + 18 Price PLN 45 PL
PL21087478A 1978-11-09 1978-11-09 Method of measuring active power by utilizing a thermostat PL114538B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL21087478A PL114538B2 (en) 1978-11-09 1978-11-09 Method of measuring active power by utilizing a thermostat

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL21087478A PL114538B2 (en) 1978-11-09 1978-11-09 Method of measuring active power by utilizing a thermostat

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PL210874A1 PL210874A1 (en) 1979-09-10
PL114538B2 true PL114538B2 (en) 1981-02-28

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