PL129092B2 - Method of determining the degree of casting alloy modification - Google Patents

Method of determining the degree of casting alloy modification Download PDF

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Publication number
PL129092B2
PL129092B2 PL23068781A PL23068781A PL129092B2 PL 129092 B2 PL129092 B2 PL 129092B2 PL 23068781 A PL23068781 A PL 23068781A PL 23068781 A PL23068781 A PL 23068781A PL 129092 B2 PL129092 B2 PL 129092B2
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PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
degree
modification
alloy
determining
sample
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PL23068781A
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Polish (pl)
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PL230687A2 (en
Inventor
Przemyslaw Wasilewski
Maksymilian Dudyk
Leszek Kaczmarczyk
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Politechnika Lodzka
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Priority to PL23068781A priority Critical patent/PL129092B2/en
Publication of PL230687A2 publication Critical patent/PL230687A2/xx
Publication of PL129092B2 publication Critical patent/PL129092B2/en

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Description

Opis patentowy opublikowano: 31.12.1984 Int. Cl.3 G01N 27/04 CZYTELNIA Urzedu PtfL«ntO**QO Twórcywynalazku: Przemyslaw Wasilewski, Maksymilian Dudyk, Leszek Kaczmarczyk Uprawniony zpatentu tymczasowego: Politechnika Lódzka, Lódz (Polska) Sposób badania stopnia modyfikacji stopów odlewanych Wynalazek dotyczy sposobu badania stopnia modyfikacji stopów odlewanych.Modyfikacja stopów odlewanych ma na celu otrzymanie struktury drobnoziarnistej z równo¬ miernym rozmieszczeniem skladników strukturalnych w odlewie. Uzyskanie drobnoziarnistej struktury odlewu sprzyja wzrostowi jego wlasciwosci mechanicznych i technologicznych. Szybka zas ocena stopnia zmodyfikowania stopu przeznaczonego do odlewania pozwala na odpowiednie kierowane procesami topienia, studzenia i obróbki cieplnej.Znane sa w dziedzinie badan modyfikacji stopów odlewanych nastepujace sposoby. Próba przelomu próbki, jest stosunkowo szybka, daje wynik wizualny, lecz malo dokladny, zas mikro- szlifu pozwala wizualnie dobrze ocenic modyfikacje stopów odlewanych ale jest bardzo czasoch¬ lonna i kosztowna, natomiast próby rozciagania i udarnosci, aczkolwiek dajace dobre wyniki sa równiez bardzo czasochlonne. Znane sa takze badania mikroskopowemodyfikacji stopów odlewa¬ nych, dajace dobra ocenialnosc ale sa niedogodne ze wzgledu na bardzo duza czasochlonnosc, zas ocena za pomoca analizy termicznej i rózniczkowania jest bardzo dokladna, lecz wymaga uzycia kosztownej, aparatury w szczególnosci komputera.Sposób badania stopnia modyfikacji stopów odlewanych wedlug wynalazku polega na tym, ze próbke stopu poddaje sie przeplywowi pradu stalego o stalej wartosci natezenia, a nastepnie dokonuje pomiaru spadku napiecia na okreslonej dlugosci próbki, po czym z opracowanych statystycznie zaleznosci empirycznych lub wykresów okresla sie wlasciwosci mechaniczne stopów odlewanych, w funkcji przewodnosci elektrycznej wlasciwej lub bezposrednio ze spadku napiecia.Sposób wedlug wynalazku, dzieki badaniu próbki stopu pradem stalym, przeplywajacym w calym przekroju próbki, zapewnia uzyskanie obrazu sumarycznego wplywu cech struktury na jego stopien zmodyfikowania, okreslonych wlasciwosciami mechanicznymi. Wykorzystanie zmian w przewodnosci elektrycznej stopów odlewanych w zaleznosci od ich krystalizacji, powodujacej zmiany wlasciwosci mechanicznych i technologicznych, zapewnia szybkie i dokladne okreslenie stopnia modyfikacji stopu.Sposób wedlug wynalazku ilustruje blizej ponizszy przyklad nie ograniczajac jego zakresu.Przyklad. Stop Ak9 poddano procesowi modyfikacji dodatkiem 0,06% wagowych strontu, a nastepnie odlano z niego próbki. Próbki te, zalozone na stanowisku pomiarowym, poddano2 129 092 przeplywowi stalego o natezeniu 10 A, po czym po przylozeniu sondy o rozstawie klów 1 = 50 mm odczytano na mierniku spadek napiecia U= 1,63 • 10"6 V, który wykorzystano do obliczenia prze¬ wodnosci elektrycznej wlasciwej ze wzoru: II a= [MS/m] UF gdzie: a — przewodnosc elektryczna wlasciwa [MS/m]; I — natezenie pradu [A]; 1 — dlugosc odcinkapomiarowego (rozstaw klów sondy [m]; F— pole przekroju poprzecznego badanej próbki [mm2]; U — spadek napiecia na odcinku pomiarowym [V].Obliczona wartosc przewodnosci elektrycznej wlasciwej a= 21,1 MS/m podstawiono do zale¬ znosci empirycznej Rm = 9,37a — 19,84 otrzymujac dla stopu Ak9 Rm= 177,8MPa, gdzie Rm oznacza wytrzymalosc stopu.Analogicznym zabiegom poddano stop Ak9 niedmodyfikowany, uzyskujac spadek napiecia U= 1,97 • 10_6V, przewodnosc elektryczna wlasciwa a~ 16,9 MS/m oraz wytrzymalosc Rm= 138,5 MPa.Stwierdzono, ze po przeprowadzeniu modyfikacji uzyskano w stopie Ak9 strukture uszlachet¬ niona z drobnymi wydzieleniami krzemu w eutektyce co spowodowalo wzrost wlasciwosci Rm w porównaniu ze stopem niemodyfikowanym. PLThe patent description was published: 31.12.1984 Int. Cl.3 G01N 27/04 READING ROOM of the PtfL Office «ntO ** QO Creators of the invention: Przemyslaw Wasilewski, Maksymilian Dudyk, Leszek Kaczmarczyk Authorized by the provisional patent: Politechnika Lódzka, Lódz (Poland) Method of examining the degree of modification of alloys The invention relates to a method of testing the degree of modification of cast alloys. The modification of cast alloys is aimed at obtaining a fine-grained structure with an even distribution of structural components in the casting. Obtaining a fine-grained structure of the casting promotes the growth of its mechanical and technological properties. The quick assessment of the degree of modification of the alloy intended for casting allows for appropriate directed melting, cooling and heat treatment processes. The following methods are known in the field of research on the modification of cast alloys. The sample fracture test is relatively quick, gives a visual result, but not very accurate, and the micro-grinding allows a visual assessment of the modifications of cast alloys, but is very time-consuming and expensive, while the tensile and impact tests, although giving good results, are also very time-consuming . There are also studies of microscopic modification of cast alloys, which give good evaluability but are inconvenient due to the very long time-consuming, while evaluation by thermal analysis and differentiation is very accurate, but requires the use of expensive equipment, especially a computer. according to the invention, the alloy sample is subjected to a constant current flow, and then the voltage drop is measured over a specific length of the sample, and then the mechanical properties of the cast alloys are determined from the statistically developed empirical relationships or graphs, as a function of conductivity The method according to the invention, by testing an alloy sample with a direct current flowing over the entire cross-section of the sample, provides a summary picture of the influence of the structure's features on its modification degree, determined by mechanical properties. The use of changes in the electrical conductivity of cast alloys depending on their crystallization, causing changes in mechanical and technological properties, ensures a quick and accurate determination of the degree of modification of the alloy. The method according to the invention is illustrated by the following example, without limiting its scope. Ak9 alloy was subjected to the modification process with the addition of 0.06% by weight of strontium, and then samples were poured from it. These samples, placed on the measuring stand, were subjected to a constant flow of 10 A, then after applying the probe with the spacing of the clamps 1 = 50 mm, the voltage drop was read on the meter U = 1.63 • 10 "6 V, which was used to calculate specific electrical conductivity from the formula: II a = [MS / m] UF where: a - specific electrical conductivity [MS / m]; I - current intensity [A]; 1 - length of the measuring section (probe cluster spacing [m]; F - cross-sectional area of the tested sample [mm2]; U - voltage drop in the measuring section [V]. The calculated value of the specific electrical conductivity a = 21.1 MS / m was substituted for the empirical relationship Rm = 9.37a - 19.84 for the Ak9 alloy, Rm = 177.8MPa, where Rm is the strength of the alloy. Analogous treatments were applied to the unmodified Ak9 alloy, obtaining a voltage drop U = 1.97 • 10_6V, specific electrical conductivity a ~ 16.9 MS / m and strength Rm = 138 , 5 MPa. It was found that after the modification, the Ak9 structure was obtained in the alloy refined with fine silicon precipitates in the eutectics, which resulted in an increase in Rm properties compared to the unmodified alloy. PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Sposób badania stopnia modyfikacji stopów odlewanych, za pomoca pradu elektrycznego, znamienny tym, ze próbke stopu poddaje sie przeplywowi pradu stalego o stalej wartosci natezenia, a nastepnie dokonuje pomiaru spadku napiecia na okreslonej dlugosci próbki, po czym okresla sie wlasciwosci mechaniczne stopów odlewanych w funkcji przewodnosci elektrycznej wlasciwej lub bezposrednio ze spadku napiecia. Pracowni* Poligraficzna UP PRL. Naklad 100 egz. Cena 100 zl PL1. Patent claim A method of testing the degree of modification of cast alloys by means of an electric current, characterized in that the alloy sample is subjected to a constant current flow, and then the voltage drop over a specific length of the sample is measured, and the mechanical properties of the alloys are determined cast as a function of the electrical conductivity or directly from the voltage drop. Pracownia * Poligraficzna UP PRL. Mintage 100 copies. Price PLN 100 PL
PL23068781A 1981-04-15 1981-04-15 Method of determining the degree of casting alloy modification PL129092B2 (en)

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