PL146732B3 - Roof support cap piece - Google Patents

Roof support cap piece Download PDF

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Publication number
PL146732B3
PL146732B3 PL25109484A PL25109484A PL146732B3 PL 146732 B3 PL146732 B3 PL 146732B3 PL 25109484 A PL25109484 A PL 25109484A PL 25109484 A PL25109484 A PL 25109484A PL 146732 B3 PL146732 B3 PL 146732B3
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
canopy
actuator
flap
damper
shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PL25109484A
Other languages
Polish (pl)
Other versions
PL251094A3 (en
Inventor
Eugeniusz Gorski
Marek Hagel
Edward Bochenek
Stanislaw Romanowicz
Kornel Olender
Original Assignee
Ct Kt Maszyn Gorniczych Komag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ct Kt Maszyn Gorniczych Komag filed Critical Ct Kt Maszyn Gorniczych Komag
Priority to PL25109484A priority Critical patent/PL146732B3/en
Priority to DE19853544485 priority patent/DE3544485A1/en
Publication of PL251094A3 publication Critical patent/PL251094A3/en
Publication of PL146732B3 publication Critical patent/PL146732B3/en

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0004Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor along the working face
    • E21D23/0034Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor along the working face comprising a goaf shield articulated to a base member
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
    • E21D23/06Special mine caps or special tops of pit-props for permitting step-by-step movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Description

Przedmiotem wynalazku jest stropnica obudowy górniczej zaopatrzona w co najmniej jedna uchylna klape.Stropnica obudowy górniczej wedlug patentu nr 145 632 ma co najmniej jedna uchylna klape zamocowana w otworze w stropnicy zasadniczej. Klapa jest osadzona na wale ulozyskowanym w stropnicy.Na wale tym jest równiez osadzone ramie siegajace pod stropnice, a koniec ramienia jest polaczony z silownikiem. Drugi koniec silownika jest polaczony z jednym z zasadniczych elemen¬ tów struktury obudowy, a silownik sluzy do wychylania klapy wokól walu. W szczególnosci wskazano, iz drugi koniec silownika jest zamocowany do odzawalowej oslony. Przeznaczeniem klapy, zwlaszcza w obudowach oslonowych, jest udostepnienie skal stropu do wykonywania w nich wiercen otworów, w których to otworach osadza sie material wybuchowy i dokonuje go, azeby skruszyc skaly stropu. Ma to zastosowanie w pokladach ze zwiezlymi stropami, gdy poklady takie eksploatuje sie systemem scianowym z zawalem stropu. Przy tej metodzie wydobywania wegla strop ulega zawalowi po przesunieciu obudowy, jednakze przy zwiezlych stropach pekanie skal w stropie nie nastepuje bezposrednio za obudowa, lecz dopiero po odslonieciu znacznej powierzchni stropu. W tym przypadku nastepuje obwal duzych ilosci skal, a wyzwalana przy tym energia wywoluje niebezpieczne zjawiska w wyrobisku scianowym w rodzaju lokalnych tapniec. W celu zapobiezenia temu zjawisku wywoluje sie sztucznie obwal stropu przez detonowanie w stropie ladunków materialu wybuchowego, do zakladania których sluza klapy w stropnicy.Klape uchyla sie za pomoca silownika, aby odslonic strop i umozliwic wiercenie w nim otworów i zakladanie materialów wybuchowych. Poza okresem wykonywania tych operacji klapa jest docisnieta silow¬ nikiem do stropnicy zasadniczej i tworzy z nia jednolita powierzchnie podtrzymujaca strop.Przedstawione szczególne rozwiazanie w patencie nr 145 632, polegajace na umocowaniu drugiego konca silownika podtrzymujacego klape do odzawalowej oslony spelnia skutecznie1 146 732 zadanie, gdy pionowe ruchy stropnicy zasadniczej sa niewielkie, a wiec niewielka jest w tym czasie równiez zmiana nachylenia odzawalowej oslony wzgledem zasadniczej stropnicy. Jednakze gdy pionowe ruchy stropnicy sa duze, odzawalowa oslona zmienia swe polozenie wzgledem stropnicy, a wraz z nia nastepuje ruch silownika dociskajacego klape do stropnicy. Wówczas klapa pociagania przez unieruchomiony silownik ciagniony przez odchylajaca sie odzawalowa oslone moze uchylic sie wzgledem stropnicy, a przez to nieskutecznie podpierac strop. Zapobiegac temu mozna zasilajac silownik dodatkowo hydraulicznym medium, co jednak w trudnych warunkach w podziemiach kopalni jest trudne do zauwazenia i skorygowania.Istota wynalazkujest zamocowanie drugiego konca silownika mocujacego klape do stropnicy.Wówczas punkt zamocowania silownika przemieszcza sie wraz ze stropnica, czyli nie zmienia swego wzglednego polozenia w stosunku do klapy, a przez to unika sie niepozadanego samoczyn¬ nego uchylenia sie klapy.Wynalazek przedstawiono w przykladzie wykonania na rysunku w widoku z boku.Zasadnicza stropnica 1 jest polaczona z odzawalowa oslona 3 za pomoca przegubu 17. Z kazdego dluzszego boku stropnica 1 ma boczne oslony 13. Przy koncu od strony przegubu 17 stropnica 1 ma dwa prostokatne otwory 2 z krawedziami 12. Otwory 2 sa tak rozmieszczone, ze jedna z krawedzi 12 pokrywa sie z zewnetrzna krawedzia zasadniczej stropnicy l.W kazdym z otworów 2 znajduja sie klapy 5 polaczone za pomoca przegubów 6 z zasadnicza stropnica 1. W przykladzie wykonania przegubu 6 maja osie równolegle do przegubu 17. Na wale 9 przegubu 6jest wraz z klapa 5 osadzone ramie 10, tak ze ruch ramienia 10 powoduje wychylanie sie klapy 5. W tym celu przekrój walu 9 jest uksztaltowany w sposób uniemozliwiajacy ruch obrotowy klap 5 i dzwigni 10 wzgledem walu 9 przez nadanie mu na przyklad przekroju kwadratowego. Do ramienia 10 jest zamocowany koncem 7 silownik 4, który drugim koncem 8 jest zamocowany do zasadniczej stropnicy 1. Szerokosc i dlugosc klapy 5 w zasadzie odpowiada wymiarom otworu 2, ale osadzenie klapy 5 jest takie, ze w przykladzie wykonania krawedz 11 klapy 5 wystaje poza odpowiednia krawedz 12 otworu 2. Przez to, gdy klapa 5 zostanie uniesiona przez silownik 4, krawedz 11 opiera sie o zasadnicza stropnica 5, bo ta ma przesunieta krawedz 12. Górna powierzchnia 15 klapy 5 wjej górnym polozeniu tworzy ciagla plaszczyzne z robocza powierzchnia 16 zasadniczej stropnicy 1.Boczne oslony 13 sa tak uksztaltowane, ze ich krawedzie 14 siegaja tylko do krawedzi otworu 2, aby nie przyslaniac otworu 2.Korzystanie z klapy 5 polega na jej odchyleniu silownikiem 4 w dól, aby odkryc otwór 2.Górnik stojacy pod stropnica 1, a wiec w miejscu chronionym przed opadajacymi ze stropu skalami, wierci przez otwór 2 otwory w skalach stropu. Dzieki na przyklad zastosowaniu dwóch klap 5 w jednej stropnicy 1 mozna gesto obwiercic strop. Nastepnie w wywierconych otworach umieszcza sie material wybuchowy, który jest detonowany w odpowiedniej chwili. Poza czasem wiercenia i osadzania materialu wybuchowego klapy 5 sa uniesione i zaslaniaja otwory 2. Silownik 4 poprzez ramie, 10 dociska klape 5, która krawedzia 11 opiera sie o krawedz 12 otworu 2. W tym polozeniu klapy 5 jej górna powierzchnia 15 tworzy jednolita plaszczyzne z robocza powierzchnia 16 zasadniczej stropnicy 1. Azeby klapa 5 skutecznie spelniala role podtrzymywania stropu jest ona wykonana masywnie. Podobnie masywne sa wal 9, dzwignia 10 i elementy mocujace silownik 4.Przez zamocowanie konca 8 silownika 4 do zasadniczej stropnicy 1 ruchy stropnicy nie wywoluja przemieszczania sie silownika 4 wzgledem klapy 5, czyli nie wywolaja otwierania sie klapy.Zastrzezenie patentowe Stropnica obudowy górniczej posiadajaca co najmniej jedna klape zamocowana do otworu w zasadniczej stropnicy za pomoca przegubu i polaczona jednym koncem z silownikiem, którego drugi koniec jest polaczony z elementem struktury obudowy, przy czym górna powierzchnia klapy po usytulowaniu w otworze z robocza powierzchnia tej stropnicy ciagla powierzchnie wedlug patentu nr 145 632 znamienny tym, ze ma klape (5) osadzona na wale (9) przegubu (6), na którym to wale (9) jest osadzone ramie (10) polaczone z koncem (7) silownika (4), przy czym drugi koniec (8) silownika (4) jest polaczony z zasadnicza stropnica (1).146 732 13 16 1k 12 15 5 9 6 tO PLThe subject of the invention is a canopy of a mining support provided with at least one tiltable flap. The tread of a mining support according to patent No. 145 632 has at least one tiltable flap fixed in the opening in the main canopy. The damper is mounted on the shaft located in the canopy. On this shaft is also mounted an arm reaching under the canopy, and the end of the arm is connected to the actuator. The other end of the actuator is connected to one of the essential components of the housing structure, and the actuator serves to swing the flap around the shaft. In particular, it is indicated that the other end of the actuator is attached to a cave housing. The purpose of the damper, especially in shield casings, is to provide roof scales for drilling holes in them, in which the explosive material is deposited and makes it in order to crush the roof rocks. This applies to decks with concave ceilings, where such decks are operated in a wall system with collapsed roof. In this method of coal extraction, the ceiling collapses when the casing is moved, however, with dense ceilings, the cracking of the rocks in the ceiling does not occur directly behind the casing, but only after exposing a significant surface of the ceiling. In this case, large amounts of scales are collapsed, and the energy released at the same time causes dangerous phenomena in the wall excavation, such as local tents. In order to prevent this, the ceiling is artificially collapsed by detonating charges of explosive material in the ceiling, which are set up by the flaps in the canopy. The flap is tilted by means of an actuator to expose the roof and allow drilling holes in it and inserting explosives. Outside of the time of performing these operations, the damper is motor pressed to the main canopy and forms a uniform surface supporting the ceiling. The special solution presented in the patent No. 145 632, consisting in attaching the other end of the actuator supporting the damper to the gable cover effectively fulfills the task, when vertical movements of the main canopy are small, so at that time there is also a slight change in the inclination of the cave shield in relation to the main canopy. However, when the vertical movements of the canopy are large, the detachable canopy changes its position with respect to the canopy, and with it the actuator pressing the damper to the canopy is moved. Then, the pull flap through the immobilized cylinder pulled by the tilting casing cover may tilt in relation to the canopy, and thus ineffectively support the ceiling. This can be prevented by additionally supplying the cylinder with a hydraulic medium, which, however, in difficult conditions in the underground of the mine is difficult to notice and correct. The essence of the invention is to attach the other end of the cylinder fixing the flap to the canopy. Then the actuator mounting point moves with the canopy, i.e. it does not change its relative position in relation to the damper, thus avoiding the undesired automatic opening of the damper. The invention is shown in the embodiment in the drawing in a side view. The main canopy 1 is connected to the rebate guard 3 by means of a joint 17. On each long side, the canopy 1 has side shields 13. At the hinge side end 17, canopy 1 has two rectangular openings 2 with edges 12. Openings 2 are arranged so that one of the edges 12 coincides with the outer edge of the main canopy l In each of the openings 2 there are flaps 5 connected by joints 6 to the main canopy 1. In the example, The articulation 6 has axes parallel to the articulation 17. The articulation 6 shaft 9 is supported by the arm 10 with the flap 5, so that the movement of the arm 10 causes the flap 5 to tilt. For this purpose, the cross-section of the shaft 9 is shaped in such a way that the flaps 5 cannot rotate and of the lever 10 with respect to shaft 9 by giving it, for example, a square cross-section. An actuator 4 is attached to the arm 10 at the end 7, which with the other end 8 is attached to the main canopy 1. The width and length of the damper 5 basically corresponds to the dimensions of the opening 2, but the mounting of the damper 5 is such that in the embodiment the edge 11 of the damper 5 protrudes beyond the corresponding edge 12 of the opening 2. Thus, when the flap 5 is lifted by the actuator 4, the edge 11 rests against the main canopy 5, because this has a displaced edge 12. The upper surface 15 of the flap 5 in its upper position forms a continuous plane with the working surface 16 of the main canopy 1. Side shields 13 are shaped in such a way that their edges 14 reach only to the edge of the opening 2 so as not to cover the opening 2. Using the damper 5 consists in tilting it with the actuator 4 downwards to reveal the opening 2. The mincer under the canopy 1 Thus, in a place protected against rocks falling from the ceiling, he drills 2 holes in the ceiling scales through the hole. For example, by using two flaps 5 in one canopy 1, the ceiling can be drilled tightly. The explosive is then placed in the drilled holes and detonated at the right moment. In addition to the time of drilling and embedding of the explosive, the flaps 5 are raised and cover the holes 2. The actuator 4 through the frame 10 presses the flap 5, which edge 11 rests against the edge 12 of the hole 2. In this position of the flap 5 its upper surface 15 forms a uniform plane with working surface 16 of the main canopy 1. In order for the damper 5 to effectively fulfill the role of supporting the ceiling, it is made massive. The shaft 9, the lever 10 and the elements fastening the cylinder 4 are similarly massive. By fixing the end 8 of the cylinder 4 to the main canopy 1, the movements of the canopy do not cause the actuator 4 to move in relation to the damper 5, i.e. they do not cause the damper to open. at least one flap is attached to the opening in the main canopy by means of a joint and connected at one end to the actuator, the other end of which is connected to the housing structure element, the upper surface of the damper, after positioning in the opening with the working surface of this canopy, continuous surfaces according to patent no. characterized in that it has a flap (5) mounted on the shaft (9) of the joint (6), on which shaft (9) is seated with a frame (10) connected to the end (7) of the actuator (4), the other end (8) ) of the actuator (4) is connected to the main canopy (1) 146 732 13 16 1k 12 15 5 9 6 tO PL

Claims (1)

1. Zastrzezenie patentowe Stropnica obudowy górniczej posiadajaca co najmniej jedna klape zamocowana do otworu w zasadniczej stropnicy za pomoca przegubu i polaczona jednym koncem z silownikiem, którego drugi koniec jest polaczony z elementem struktury obudowy, przy czym górna powierzchnia klapy po usytulowaniu w otworze z robocza powierzchnia tej stropnicy ciagla powierzchnie wedlug patentu nr 145 632 znamienny tym, ze ma klape (5) osadzona na wale (9) przegubu (6), na którym to wale (9) jest osadzone ramie (10) polaczone z koncem (7) silownika (4), przy czym drugi koniec (8) silownika (4) jest polaczony z zasadnicza stropnica (1).146 732 13 16 1k 12 15 5 9 6 tO PL1. Patent claim The roof of the mining support has at least one flap attached to the opening in the main roof by means of a hinge and connected at one end to the actuator, the other end of which is connected with the element of the structure of the roof, the upper surface of the flap, after positioning in the opening with the working surface this canopy has a continuous surface, according to patent No. 145 632, characterized in that it has a flap (5) mounted on the shaft (9) of the joint (6), on which the shaft (9) is mounted with the frame (10) connected to the end (7) of the actuator ( 4), with the other end (8) of the actuator (4) connected to the main canopy (1) 146 732 13 16 1k 12 15 5 9 6 to PL
PL25109484A 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Roof support cap piece PL146732B3 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL25109484A PL146732B3 (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Roof support cap piece
DE19853544485 DE3544485A1 (en) 1984-12-19 1985-12-17 Cap of a support

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL25109484A PL146732B3 (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Roof support cap piece

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL251094A3 PL251094A3 (en) 1986-07-01
PL146732B3 true PL146732B3 (en) 1989-03-31

Family

ID=20024655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL25109484A PL146732B3 (en) 1984-12-19 1984-12-19 Roof support cap piece

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3544485A1 (en)
PL (1) PL146732B3 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1504883A (en) * 1974-06-04 1978-03-22 Gullick Dobson Ltd Mine roof supports
DE2921671C2 (en) * 1979-05-29 1982-07-08 Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen Shield support frame with return cap
HU179856B (en) * 1980-05-06 1982-12-28 Varpalotai Szenbanyak Apparatus for nining particularly expolating thick seams
CS229507B1 (en) * 1981-04-09 1984-06-18 Tadeas Ing Wala Support unit for coal or industrial minerals seam mining in benches and/or by roof enlarging

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3544485A1 (en) 1986-06-26
PL251094A3 (en) 1986-07-01

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