PL211146B1 - Mining stemming for the sealing of blast-holes, preferably the long holes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention concerns a mining wad for sealing blast holes, especially long blast holes, having the shape of an elongated cylinder with an external closed shell, filled inside with plastic material. The essence of the invention is that it has a multi-layer coating, consisting on the outer side of a first paper layer (1), preferably made of class III sulphite paper with a grammage of up to 90 g/m2 and a thickness of up to 0.2 mm, and a second adhesive layer (2), from the third foil polyethylene and antistatic layer (3) with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm/preferably 0.23 mm and extensibility from 150 to 250%, preferably 200%, from the fourth adhesive layer (4) and from a fifth paper layer (5) with the above-mentioned features.

Description

(12) PATENT DESCRIPTION (19) PL (11) 211146 (13) B1 (21) Application number: 386649 ^{(51) Int.Cl.}

F42D 1/22 (2006.01) F42D 1/08 (2006.01) F42D 1/14 (2006.01) (22) Filing date: 01/12/2008 _{F42D 1/00 (2006/01)}

F42B 1/036 (2006.01) F42B 1/00 (2006.01) (54) Mining wad for sealing blast holes, especially long holes

(73) Patent holder: (43) Notification announced: GÓRSKI KAMIL, Siemianowice Śląskie, PL 07/06/2010 BUP 12/10 (72) Inventor(s): KAMIL GÓRSKI, Siemianowice Śląskie, PL (45) The grant of the patent was announced: 30/04/2012 WUP 04/12 (74) Representative: thing. stalemate. Tadeusz Szczepanik

PL 211 146 B1

Description of the invention

The subject of the invention is a mining wad for sealing blast holes, especially long blast holes, having the shape of an elongated cylinder with an external closed shell, filled inside with a plastic material, e.g. clay, sand, water or a mixture of binding and/or plasticizing and gelling substances.

So far, this type of mining wads are known for sealing blast holes, for example from the Polish patent description No. 175961. This wad has the form of a plastic mass formed in the shape of a cylinder closed with a thin elastic coating containing a mixture of magnesium, calcium oxide, silicon oxide and plasticizing and gelling substances inside. .

Also known from Polish patent description No. 130369 is a wad of French origin that guarantees reliable blocking of the explosive in the blast hole. This cylindrical wad has an all-metal structure, the side wall of which can be deformed radially and axially by means of slidingly interconnected conical elements and approximately thirty identical rings forming the bellows.

The well-known mining wads described by way of example are used especially in the mining of minerals using the blasting technique, because here relatively short holes are made in the mining wall, into which, without any special difficulties or risk and with easy control, an explosive can be placed and effectively blocked with a wad to prevent explosion to be ejected through this opening.

However, there are problems when very long, multi-meter-long blast holes are made in underground and increasingly deeper mine workings, for example 50-meter-long ones in walls or ceilings, in order to relax and loosen the rock mass in conditions at risk of rock bursts, collapses, methane explosions or to loosen tight structures. and hard-to-work rocks. In these cases, wads of a similar type were used as above according to patent 175961. However, the use of such wads is always associated with difficulties in moving them along a long hole to the explosive material located at its bottom. During this shifting and tamping with appropriate rods or pneumatically, such wads were often damaged or torn before reaching the explosive material. A blockage then arose and a very complicated problem of how to safely, but necessary, remove the blockage in order to introduce new sections of the cylindrical wad, as explosives that had not been properly detonated should not be left in the rock mass.

The purpose of the present invention is to create a mining wad for sealing blast holes that would minimize the danger and problems associated with damaging the wad during its introduction and compaction, especially in long blast holes. Of course, these wads can also be used to advantage in short holes, increasing the confidence and comfort of blasting in mining on longwalls.

According to the invention, a mining wad for sealing blast holes essentially has a multi-layer coating consisting on the outer side of a first paper layer, preferably of ordinary sulphite paper of class III with a grammage of up to 90 g/m ² and a thickness of up to 0.2 mm, with a second adhesive layer, a third polyethylene and antistatic foil layer with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm and an extensibility of 150 to 250%, preferably 200%, a fourth adhesive layer and a fifth paper layer with the above-mentioned features. Instead of the foil third layer, you can use barrier paper saturated with a water-impermeable material. Additionally, a sixth adhesive layer and a seventh paper layer can be placed between the fourth and fifth layers.

Tests carried out on the multi-layer blasting wad according to the invention, directly in underground mine workings and in extreme conditions, showed without difficulty very efficient insertion of subsequent wads and their tamping along the entire space of the long hole for diameters from 4 cm to 15 cm.

The subject of the present invention is shown in the examples of embodiments in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows the wad in a side view, Fig. 2 - the wad casing in a significantly enlarged cross-section along the line A-A marked in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 - this the A-A section itself with an increased number of layers of the wadding envelope.

As shown in Fig. 1 of the drawing, the mining wad contains a multi-layer casing consisting on the outer side of a first paper layer 1, preferably made of class III ordinary sulphite paper with a grammage of up to 90 g/m ² and a thickness of up to 0.2 mm, and on the other

PL 211 146 B1 adhesive layer 2 made, for example, of "Prinicel-W" adhesive, from the third polyethylene and antistatic foil layer 3 with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm and extensibility from 150 to 250%, preferably 200%, from the fourth adhesive layer layer 4 and the fifth paper layer 5 with the above-mentioned features as layer 1. Instead of the third foil layer, you can use barrier paper saturated with a water-impermeable material, with a grammage of up to 90 g/ ^m2 , preferably polyethylene. When using the wad in very long holes and in weak rock mass, the invention also provides alternatively for a sixth paper layer 6 and a subsequent adhesive layer 7, placed between the fourth and fifth layers as in Fig. 3 of the drawing.

Patent claims

Claims (3)

1. A mining pad for sealing blast holes, especially long blast holes, having the shape of an elongated cylinder with an outer closed shell, filled inside with a plastic material, e.g. clay, sand, water or a mixture of binder and plasticizing-gelling substances, characterized in that it has a multi-layer shell consisting successively on the outside of a first paper layer (1) preferably made of ordinary class III sulphite paper with a grammage of up to 90 g / m ² and a thickness of up to 0.2 mm, a second adhesive layer (2), a third polyethylene foil and an antistatic layer (3) with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.23 mm, and a stretch of 150 to 250%, preferably 200%, of the fourth adhesive layer (4) and the fifth paper layer (5) as mentioned above features. 2. The wad according to claim The method of claim 1, wherein a barrier paper impregnated with a water-impermeable material is used to form the third layer (3). 3. The wad according to claim A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, additionally, a sixth paper layer (6) and an adhesive seventh layer (7) are provided between the fourth and fifth layer (4, 5).