PL2195384T3 - Aromatyczne poliole poliestrowe i mieszanki aromatycznych polioli poliestrowych zawierające składniki odnawialne biologicznie i sposoby ich wytwarzania - Google Patents

Aromatyczne poliole poliestrowe i mieszanki aromatycznych polioli poliestrowych zawierające składniki odnawialne biologicznie i sposoby ich wytwarzania

Info

Publication number
PL2195384T3
PL2195384T3 PL08836595T PL08836595T PL2195384T3 PL 2195384 T3 PL2195384 T3 PL 2195384T3 PL 08836595 T PL08836595 T PL 08836595T PL 08836595 T PL08836595 T PL 08836595T PL 2195384 T3 PL2195384 T3 PL 2195384T3
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
aromatic polyester
making
methods
blends containing
polyol blends
Prior art date
Application number
PL08836595T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Timothy L. Lambert
Leo F. Hickey
Chunhua Yao
Original Assignee
Stepan Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stepan Company filed Critical Stepan Company
Publication of PL2195384T3 publication Critical patent/PL2195384T3/pl

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/36—Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
    • C08G18/4288—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain modified by higher fatty oils or their acids or by resin acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
    • C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
    • C08G18/6662—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/36 or hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids of C08G18/38
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/20—Polyesters having been prepared in the presence of compounds having one reactive group or more than two reactive groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/66—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
    • C08G63/668—Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/91—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G63/914—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/916—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/141—Hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025—Foam properties rigid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00—Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
    • C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2115/00—Oligomerisation
    • C08G2115/02—Oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
PL08836595T 2007-09-28 2008-09-26 Aromatyczne poliole poliestrowe i mieszanki aromatycznych polioli poliestrowych zawierające składniki odnawialne biologicznie i sposoby ich wytwarzania PL2195384T3 (pl)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97618207P 2007-09-28 2007-09-28
US8534208A 2008-07-31 2008-07-31
US8534208P 2008-07-31 2008-07-31
PCT/US2008/077993 WO2009045926A1 (en) 2007-09-28 2008-09-26 Aromatic polyester polyols and aromatic polyester polyol blends containing biorenewable components and methods of making
EP08836595.2A EP2195384B1 (en) 2007-09-28 2008-09-26 Aromatic polyester polyols and aromatic polyester polyol blends containing biorenewable components and methods of making

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL2195384T3 true PL2195384T3 (pl) 2020-06-29

Family

ID=40526628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL08836595T PL2195384T3 (pl) 2007-09-28 2008-09-26 Aromatyczne poliole poliestrowe i mieszanki aromatycznych polioli poliestrowych zawierające składniki odnawialne biologicznie i sposoby ich wytwarzania

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US20100240785A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2195384B1 (pl)
CA (1) CA2701044C (pl)
PL (1) PL2195384T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2009045926A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2432818A4 (en) * 2009-05-19 2016-02-10 INVISTA Technologies S à r l POLYOL COMPOSITIONS, RESIN MIXTURES, SPRAY COMPOSITIONS, AND METHODS OF USE, AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME
EP2440596B1 (de) * 2009-06-10 2013-12-11 Bayer Intellectual Property GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung von polyesterpolyolen mit geringen mengen an dioxanabfall
US8846776B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2014-09-30 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Filled polyurethane composites and methods of making same
US9481759B2 (en) 2009-08-14 2016-11-01 Boral Ip Holdings Llc Polyurethanes derived from highly reactive reactants and coal ash
US20110086932A1 (en) * 2009-08-14 2011-04-14 Boral Material Technologies Inc. Polyurethanes derived from lesquerella oil
WO2011057018A1 (en) 2009-11-04 2011-05-12 Stepan Company Method of improving mechanical strength of flexible polyurethane foams made from bio-based polyols, the polyol compositions utilized therein and the foams produced thereby
EP2361940A1 (de) * 2010-02-19 2011-08-31 GT Elektrotechnische Produkte GmbH Neue Vergussmassen und deren Verwendung zur Herstellung von Elektroisolierstoffen
CN101851328B (zh) * 2010-06-12 2011-09-07 常州市康宏装饰材料有限公司 高官能度聚酯多元醇及其制备方法
KR101246829B1 (ko) * 2010-11-04 2013-03-29 케이피엑스케미칼 주식회사 바이오 폴리올을 이용하여 제조된 경질 폴리우레탄 폼을 포함하는 냉동 시스템용 단열재
KR101772523B1 (ko) 2011-03-02 2017-08-31 케이피엑스케미칼 주식회사 바이오 폴리올을 함유하는 건축 단열재용 경질 폴리우레탄 폼
PL2686365T3 (pl) * 2011-03-16 2017-09-29 Stepan Company Sposób wytwarzania poliestropolioli o-ftalanowych o małej zawartości cyklicznych estrów
JP6178310B2 (ja) * 2011-06-27 2017-08-09 アーチャー−ダニエルズ−ミッドランド カンパニー エポキシ化天然脂肪および油由来の色度低減エポキシ化エステル
MX356583B (es) 2012-01-18 2018-06-05 Stepan Co Polioles de poliester que contienen aductos diels-alder o eno.
WO2014168633A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Boral Ip Holdings (Australia) Pty Limited Composites formed from an absorptive filler and a polyurethane
CN103360588B (zh) * 2013-07-26 2015-10-07 万华化学(宁波)容威聚氨酯有限公司 一种高官能度芳香族阻燃聚酯多元醇及其制备方法和用途
WO2016018226A1 (en) 2014-07-28 2016-02-04 Crocco Guy The use of evaporative coolants to manufacture filled polyurethane composites
US10414859B2 (en) * 2014-08-20 2019-09-17 Resinate Materials Group, Inc. High recycle content polyester polyols
CN107257823A (zh) 2015-01-30 2017-10-17 瑞森内特材料集团有限公司 用于处理pet和ptt回收料流的综合方法
WO2017058504A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2017-04-06 Resinate Materials Group, Inc. High performance coatings
CN106748767B (zh) * 2015-11-19 2020-03-17 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种低羟值植物油基多元醇及其制备方法
US10196481B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2019-02-05 Sirrus, Inc. Polymer and other compounds functionalized with terminal 1,1-disubstituted alkene monomer(s) and methods thereof
MY189019A (en) 2016-06-28 2022-01-19 Ptt Global Chemical Public Co Ltd Hybrid polyols based on natural oil polyols
FR3054548B1 (fr) * 2016-07-28 2018-08-31 Soprema Procede de fabrication d'une mousse polyurethane modifiee, mousse obtenue et utilisations
US20190225835A1 (en) 2016-09-12 2019-07-25 Resinate Materials Group, Inc. Polyphenol alkoxylate containing blends and coatings
WO2019079597A1 (en) 2017-10-18 2019-04-25 Talaco Holdings, LLC POLYETHER POLYESTER AROMATIC POLYOLS DERIVED FROM POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATES, POLYURETHANES MADE THEREFROM AND USEFUL MATERIALS COMPRISING THE SAME
MX2020010713A (es) 2018-04-10 2020-11-06 Stepan Co Combinaciones de polioles y espumas rigidas con mejores valores r a baja temperatura.
US11578165B2 (en) * 2019-01-21 2023-02-14 Talaco Holdings, LLC Methods of making foams exhibiting desired properties from aromatic polyester polyether polyols derived from polyethylene terephthalates and foams made therefrom
CN113512172B (zh) * 2021-06-02 2022-02-22 茂施农业科技有限公司 一种聚氨酯控释肥包膜用的癸二酸副产脂肪酸聚酯多元醇
US11613604B2 (en) 2021-06-28 2023-03-28 Covestro Llc Isocyanate-reactive compositions, polyurethane foams formed therefrom, multi-layer composite articles that include such foams, and methods for their preparation
CN113717372A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-30 山东一诺威新材料有限公司 植物基原料改性聚醚多元醇的制备方法
EP4186936A1 (en) * 2021-11-26 2023-05-31 Selena Industrial Technologies Sp. z o.o. Bio-based polyester polyols, one-component bio-based polyester polyol polyurethane foam or foam adhesive composition and use of bio-based polyester polyol for manufacturing one component construction foam or foam adhesive
CN114292390B (zh) * 2021-12-21 2023-05-30 茂施农业科技有限公司 用于聚氨酯控释肥包膜的高生物质占比聚酯多元醇及其制备方法与应用
CN120322474A (zh) * 2022-12-16 2025-07-15 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 具有增强的烃相容性的异氰酸酯反应性组分

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4529744A (en) 1982-10-25 1985-07-16 Stepan Company Compatibilized aromatic polyester polyols
DE3317194A1 (de) * 1983-05-11 1984-11-15 Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf Polyurethan-prepolymere auf basis oleochemischer polyole, ihre herstellung und verwendung
DE3626223A1 (de) * 1986-08-02 1988-02-04 Henkel Kgaa Polyurethan-praepolymere auf basis oleochemischer polyole, ihre herstellung und verwendung
US5605940A (en) * 1995-02-13 1997-02-25 The Celotex Corporation High equivalent weight polyester polyols for closed cell, rigid foams
DE19529406A1 (de) * 1995-08-10 1997-02-13 Henkel Kgaa Polyurethan-Prepolymer mit NCO-Gruppen
US5922779A (en) 1997-10-10 1999-07-13 Stepan Company Polyol blends for producing hydrocarbon-blown polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams
US6359022B1 (en) 1997-10-10 2002-03-19 Stepan Company Pentane compatible polyester polyols
US6107433A (en) 1998-11-06 2000-08-22 Pittsburg State University Process for the preparation of vegetable oil-based polyols and electroninsulating casting compounds created from vegetable oil-based polyols
US6433121B1 (en) 1998-11-06 2002-08-13 Pittsburg State University Method of making natural oil-based polyols and polyurethanes therefrom
US6258869B1 (en) * 1999-07-13 2001-07-10 Polymermann (Asia) Pvt. Ltd. Process for production of polyols, and polyols for polyurethane
US6443121B1 (en) * 2000-06-29 2002-09-03 Caterpillar Inc. Hydraulically actuated gas exchange valve assembly and engine using same
KR101124449B1 (ko) * 2003-01-08 2012-03-21 텍사스 테크 유니버시티 피마자유/에폭시화 대두유계 엘라스토머 조성물
DE102004011559A1 (de) * 2004-03-08 2005-09-29 Rathor Ag Phasenstabile Polyurethanprepolymere
JP2008539314A (ja) * 2005-04-25 2008-11-13 カーギル インコーポレイテッド オリゴマーポリオールを含むポリウレタン発泡体
US7674925B2 (en) * 2006-09-21 2010-03-09 Athletic Polymer Systems, Inc. Polyols from plant oils and methods of conversion
US20090082483A1 (en) * 2007-09-20 2009-03-26 Petrovic Zoran S Polyglycerol based polyols and polyurethanes and methods for producing polyols and polyurethanes
CN104379630B (zh) * 2012-04-10 2018-05-29 亨斯迈国际有限责任公司 高官能聚酯多元醇

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009045926A1 (en) 2009-04-09
US20130090399A1 (en) 2013-04-11
EP2195384A1 (en) 2010-06-16
US20100240785A1 (en) 2010-09-23
EP2195384B1 (en) 2020-02-26
CA2701044A1 (en) 2009-04-09
CA2701044C (en) 2018-02-27
EP2195384A4 (en) 2015-04-08
US9309345B2 (en) 2016-04-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
PT2337809T (pt) Composições de policarbonato-poliol e métodos
EP2334735A4 (en) POLYURETHANEUM FUEL COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF
EP2172500A4 (en) Polyurethane Resin composition
EP2123714A4 (en) AROMATIC POLYESTER RESIN COMPOSITION AND METHOD THEREOF
EP2308913A4 (en) POLYESTER POLYOL, COMPOSITION FOR POLYURETHANE, COMPOSITION FOR POLYURETHANE FOAM, POLYURETHANE RESIN AND POLYURETHANE FOAM
EP2199309A4 (en) METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DISPERSED FINE PARTICLE POLYOL AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING POLYURETHANE RESIN
EP2067822A4 (en) BIODEGRADABLE RESIN COMPOSITION
EP2045281A4 (en) AROMATIC POLYESTER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR
PL2264042T3 (pl) Mikronizacja polioli
EP2463339A4 (en) POLYESTER RESIN COMPOSITION
EP2045292A4 (en) ALIPHATIC POLYESTER COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
PL2350217T3 (pl) Kompozycje zdyspergowanej w wodzie żywicy poliestrowej
EP2112202A4 (en) AROMATIC POLYESTER RESIN CONTAINING COMPOSITION
EP2123698A4 (en) AROMATIC POLYESTER RESIN MOLDINGS AND METHODS OF MAKING SAME
PL2115026T3 (pl) Poliole inicjowane aminą i wytworzona z nich sztywna pianka poliuretanowa
EP2290002A4 (en) POLYMER POLYOL AND METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYURETHANE
SI2152805T1 (sl) Mešanice poliestrov z obstojnostjo pri nizkih temperaturah
EP2178977A4 (en) POLYCARBONATE RESIN COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF PREPARATION
EP2177565A4 (en) RESIN COMPOSITION AND RESIN PRODUCT
PL2435499T3 (pl) Poliesterpoliole z kwasu izoftalowego i/lub kwasu tereftalowego i oligoalkilenotlenków
GB0821349D0 (en) Polyurethane or polyisocyanurate compositions and methods of producing same
PL2417181T3 (pl) Poliole poliestrowe z kwasu tereftalowego i tlenków oligoalkilenu
EP2305733A4 (en) ALIPHATIC POLYESTER RESIN AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
ZA200902007B (en) In vivo transformation of pancreatic acinar cells into insulin-producing cells
EP2251378A4 (en) BIODEGRADABLE POLYESTER RESIN COMPOSITION AND FORM BODY THEREOF