PL227633B1 - Organic fertilizer from the mushroom-growing substrate - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer from the mushroom-growing substrate Download PDFInfo
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- PL227633B1 PL227633B1 PL412511A PL41251115A PL227633B1 PL 227633 B1 PL227633 B1 PL 227633B1 PL 412511 A PL412511 A PL 412511A PL 41251115 A PL41251115 A PL 41251115A PL 227633 B1 PL227633 B1 PL 227633B1
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- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- mushroom
- fertilizer
- weight
- substrate
- organic fertilizer
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010803 wood ash Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Description
Opis wynalazkuDescription of the invention
Przedmiotem wynalazku jest nawóz organiczny z podłoża po uprawie pieczarek z dodatkiem nawozów mineralnych.The subject of the invention is organic fertilizer from the ground after mushroom cultivation with the addition of mineral fertilizers.
W polskim opisie patentowym nr 212170 opisany jest sposób utylizacji podłoża po uprawie pieczarek na cele nawozowe. Do podłoża po uprawie pieczarek wprowadza się 6-8% wagowych 60% soli potasowej oraz osady z oczyszczalni ścieków komunalnych w stosunku wagowym 0,8 1,2 : 1, albo zamiast osadów wprowadza się 0,5-0,7% wagowych mocznika lub innego nawozu azotowego.The Polish patent no. 212170 describes the method of utilization of the substrate after mushroom cultivation for fertilization purposes. 6-8% by weight of 60% potassium salt and sludge from municipal sewage treatment plants in a weight ratio of 0.8 1.2: 1 are introduced into the substrate after mushroom cultivation, or 0.5-0.7% by weight of urea is introduced instead of sludge or other nitrogen fertilizer.
W opisie zgłoszonego wynalazku P-400123 opublikowanym w BUP nr 3/2014 opisany jest nawóz otrzymywany z podłoża po uprawie pieczarek i sposób jego wytwarzania. Nawóz składa się z podłoża po pieczarkowego w ilości 50-70% wagowych, ewentualnie uzupełniony jest nieużytecznymi częściami pieczarek w ilości nieprzekraczającej 10% wagowych, oraz słomy w ilości 20-50% wagowych, tak aby stosunek C : N w surowcach do kompostowania wynosił nie mniej niż 30 : 1, a ponadto zawiera wodorowęglan sodu i/lub wodorowęglan potasu w ilości 1-4% wagowych, fosforan wapnia Ca(H2PO)4 w ilości 1-3% wagowych, węglan magnezu w ilości 1-5% wagowych, oraz dodatkowe substancje odpadowe doprowadzające udział azotu w produkcie do poziomu 1-5% suchej masy.In the description of the reported invention, P-400123, published in BUP No. 3/2014, a fertilizer obtained from the substrate after mushroom cultivation and a method of its production are described. The fertilizer consists of a mushroom substrate in the amount of 50-70% by weight, possibly supplemented with unused parts of mushrooms in an amount not exceeding 10% by weight, and straw in an amount of 20-50% by weight, so that the C: N ratio in the raw materials for composting is not less than 30: 1, and further containing 1-4 wt% sodium bicarbonate and / or potassium bicarbonate, 1-3 wt% calcium phosphate Ca (H2PO) 4, 1-5 wt% magnesium carbonate, and additional waste substances bringing the nitrogen content in the product to the level of 1-5% of dry matter.
W opisie zgłoszonego wynalazku P-410899 opisany jest sposób utylizacji odpadów po produkcji pieczarek na cele nawozowe polegający na uzupełnieniu kompostowanej masy w nawozy mineralne. Odpady po produkcji pieczarek stanowiące zużyte podłoże, okrywę i ogonki pieczarek w ilości 50-65% wagowych miesza się z rozdrobnionymi pędami, korą drzew do wielkości 1 cm i liśćmi drzew w ilości 20-35% wagowych, oraz z wywarem gorzelnianym w ilości 10-15% wagowych. Proces kompostowania mieszaniny prowadzi się w temperaturze 20-65°C przy zachowaniu wilgotności kompostowanej masy w granicach 40-60% przez okres 3-5 miesięcy. Po zakończeniu kompostowania nawóz uzupełnia się dodatkowo nawozami fosforowymi w ilości 0,5-5,0% wagowych i nawozami potasowymi w ilości 0,5-5,0% wagowych.In the description of the notified invention, P-410899, a method of utilization of waste from mushroom production for fertilizing purposes is described, consisting in supplementing the composted mass with mineral fertilizers. Waste from mushroom production, which is used substrate, cover and mushroom tails in the amount of 50-65% by weight, is mixed with shredded shoots, tree bark up to 1 cm in size and tree leaves in the amount of 20-35% by weight, and with 10- 15% by weight. The process of composting the mixture is carried out at a temperature of 20-65 ° C while maintaining the humidity of the composted mass within 40-60% for a period of 3-5 months. After completion of composting, the fertilizer is additionally supplemented with phosphorus fertilizers in the amount of 0.5-5.0% by weight and potassium fertilizers in the amount of 0.5-5.0% by weight.
Nawóz organiczny z dezynfekowanego podłoża po uprawie pieczarek wzbogacony w nawóz azotowy charakteryzuje się tym, że zawiera 60-80% wagowych podłoża po uprawie pieczarek, 8-20% wagowych popiołów z roślin energetycznych i/lub popiołu z roślin drzewiastych, oraz nawóz azotowy w ilości 2,5-15,0% wagowych. Zużyte podłoże po produkcji pieczarek zawiera 50-60% suchej masy, a w niej N 2,0-2,5%, P 0,6-0,8%, K 0,8-1,0%, Ca 7,5-8,0%, S 1,5-2,0%, Mg 2,5-3,0% oraz 45-50% węgla w związkach organicznych trudno ulegających mineralizacji. Wzbogacenie podłoża w związki mineralne zawarte w popiołach i w azot przyspiesza proces rozpadu stabilnych połączeń organicznych w grzybni powodując ich mineralizację i przekształcenie w związki łatwo przyswajalne dla roślin. W wyniku zmieszania masy organicznej ze związkami mineralnymi otrzymany nawóz zawiera następujące ilości podstawowych składników pokarmowych dla roślin N 2,0-2,5%, P 0,6-0,9%, R 0,8-1,1% oraz mikroelementy. Nawóz organiczny zawiera ilość składników pokarmowych podobną jak ich zawartość w oborniku i wykazuje wartości nawozowe zbliżone do obornika.Organic fertilizer from a disinfected substrate after mushroom cultivation enriched with nitrogen fertilizer is characterized by the fact that it contains 60-80% by weight of the substrate after mushroom cultivation, 8-20% by weight of ashes from energy plants and / or ash from woody plants, and nitrogen fertilizer in the amount of 2.5-15.0% by weight. The used substrate after mushroom production contains 50-60% of dry matter, including N 2.0-2.5%, P 0.6-0.8%, K 0.8-1.0%, Ca 7.5- 8.0%, S 1.5-2.0%, Mg 2.5-3.0% and 45-50% carbon in organic compounds difficult to mineralize. The enrichment of the substrate with mineral compounds contained in the ashes and nitrogen accelerates the process of decomposition of stable organic bonds in the mycelium, causing their mineralization and transformation into compounds easily absorbed by plants. As a result of mixing the organic matter with mineral compounds, the obtained fertilizer contains the following amounts of basic nutrients for plants: N 2.0-2.5%, P 0.6-0.9%, R 0.8-1.1% and microelements. Organic fertilizer contains the amount of nutrients similar to their content in manure and has fertilization values similar to manure.
Nawóz organiczny z podłoża po uprawie pieczarek jest bliżej przedstawiony w przykładach wykonania w postaci receptur.The organic fertilizer from the substrate after mushroom cultivation is illustrated in the examples in the form of recipes.
P r z y k ł a d IP r z k ł a d I
Podłoże po uprawie pieczarek 1 tona,1 ton of mushroom growing substrate,
Popiół z roślin energetycznych 0,15 tony,Energy crops ash 0.15 tons,
Mocznik nawozowy 0,1 tony.Urea fertilizer 0.1 tons.
Otrzymany nawóz organiczny zawiera N 2,1-2,5%, P 0,6-0,8%, K 0,8-0,9%. Nawóz stosuje się po dokładnym wymieszaniu pod rośliny okopowe i rośliny pastewne w ilości 30 t/ha.The obtained organic fertilizer contains N 2.1-2.5%, P 0.6-0.8%, K 0.8-0.9%. The fertilizer is applied after thorough mixing for root crops and fodder plants in the amount of 30 t / ha.
P r z y k ł a d IIP r z x l a d II
Podłoże po uprawie pieczarek 1 tona,1 ton of mushroom growing substrate,
Popiół z roślin energetycznych 0,4 tony,Energy crops ash 0.4 tons,
Mocznik nawozowy 0,05 tony.Urea fertilizer 0.05 tons.
Otrzymany nawóz organiczny zawiera N 2,0-2,1%, P 0,7-0,9%, K 0,9-1,1%.The obtained organic fertilizer contains N 2.0-2.1%, P 0.7-0.9%, K 0.9-1.1%.
Po dokładnym wymieszaniu nawóz stosuje się w ilości 50 t/ha pod rzepak i kukurydzę.After thorough mixing, the fertilizer is applied in the amount of 50 t / ha for rape and maize.
PL 227 633 B1PL 227 633 B1
P r z y k ł a d IIIP r x l a d III
Podłoże po uprawie pieczarek 1 tona,1 ton of mushroom growing substrate,
Popiół drzewny 0,1 tony,Wood ash 0.1 tons,
Mocznik nawozowy 0,15 tony.Urea fertilizer 0.15 tons.
Otrzymany nawóz organiczny zawiera N 2,1-2,3%, P 0,8-0,9% i K 0,9-1,0%. Po dokładnym wymieszaniu nawóz stosuje się pod warzywa gruntowe w ilości 3 t/ha.The obtained organic fertilizer contains N 2.1-2.3%, P 0.8-0.9% and K 0.9-1.0%. After thorough mixing, the fertilizer is applied to field vegetables in the amount of 3 t / ha.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL412511A PL227633B1 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2015-05-28 | Organic fertilizer from the mushroom-growing substrate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL412511A PL227633B1 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2015-05-28 | Organic fertilizer from the mushroom-growing substrate |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL412511A1 PL412511A1 (en) | 2016-12-05 |
| PL227633B1 true PL227633B1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL412511A PL227633B1 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2015-05-28 | Organic fertilizer from the mushroom-growing substrate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL227633B1 (en) |
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2015
- 2015-05-28 PL PL412511A patent/PL227633B1/en unknown
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL412511A1 (en) | 2016-12-05 |
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