PL2569973T3 - Sposoby i urządzenia do obsługi pomiarów między-częstotliwościowych - Google Patents

Sposoby i urządzenia do obsługi pomiarów między-częstotliwościowych

Info

Publication number
PL2569973T3
PL2569973T3 PL11722605T PL11722605T PL2569973T3 PL 2569973 T3 PL2569973 T3 PL 2569973T3 PL 11722605 T PL11722605 T PL 11722605T PL 11722605 T PL11722605 T PL 11722605T PL 2569973 T3 PL2569973 T3 PL 2569973T3
Authority
PL
Poland
Prior art keywords
methods
frequency measurements
supporting inter
inter
supporting
Prior art date
Application number
PL11722605T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Iana Siomina
Muhammad Kazmi
Walter Müller
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Publication of PL2569973T3 publication Critical patent/PL2569973T3/pl

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/10Scheduling measurement reports ; Arrangements for measurement reports
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08Access point devices

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
PL11722605T 2010-05-10 2011-04-28 Sposoby i urządzenia do obsługi pomiarów między-częstotliwościowych PL2569973T3 (pl)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US33300710P 2010-05-10 2010-05-10
EP11722605.0A EP2569973B1 (en) 2010-05-10 2011-04-28 Methods and apparatus for supporting inter-frequency measurements
PCT/SE2011/050519 WO2011142710A1 (en) 2010-05-10 2011-04-28 Methods and apparatus for supporting inter-frequency measurements

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
PL2569973T3 true PL2569973T3 (pl) 2018-10-31

Family

ID=44120833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PL11722605T PL2569973T3 (pl) 2010-05-10 2011-04-28 Sposoby i urządzenia do obsługi pomiarów między-częstotliwościowych

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (5) US8965414B2 (pl)
EP (2) EP2569973B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN103039108B (pl)
CA (1) CA2802496C (pl)
DK (1) DK2569973T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2675561T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL2569973T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT2569973T (pl)
RU (2) RU2708961C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2011142710A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (76)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012023896A1 (en) 2010-08-16 2012-02-23 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Positioning node, user equipment and methods therein
NZ609005A (en) * 2010-11-09 2015-05-29 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Method and devices for configuring measurement gap pattern in a communication system
US8948126B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2015-02-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Scheduling TDD-LTE measurement in TD-SCDMA systems
US8903415B2 (en) 2011-01-19 2014-12-02 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson User equipment, a positioning node and methods therein
JP2014511477A (ja) 2011-02-11 2014-05-15 テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン(パブル) 支援データの調整を介したネットワーク側の測位機会調整
US9119102B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-08-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Radio network node and method for using positioning gap indication for enhancing positioning performance
EP2702796B1 (en) * 2011-04-27 2018-12-12 Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy Small cell mobility enhancement
ES2619641T3 (es) * 2011-06-21 2017-06-26 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Métodos y aparatos para realizar mediciones en una red inalámbrica
US9379960B2 (en) * 2011-09-09 2016-06-28 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for channel estimation in a distributed multi-node system
KR102159660B1 (ko) 2011-12-08 2020-09-28 인터디지탈 패튼 홀딩스, 인크 복수의 무선 액세스 기술을 사용한 통신
US9049708B2 (en) 2012-02-03 2015-06-02 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for coexistence among wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) operating in the same spectrum
EP2850762B1 (en) 2012-05-15 2021-07-21 BlackBerry Limited Methods of sending feedback signaling under carrier specific measurement gaps in multi-carrier
CN103458446B (zh) * 2012-06-01 2016-05-25 华为技术有限公司 一种解决测量冲突的方法及装置
CN104137610A (zh) * 2013-01-22 2014-11-05 华为技术有限公司 异频邻区接近检测及测量方法、无线网络控制器和用户设备
US20160044541A1 (en) * 2013-04-05 2016-02-11 Nokia Technologies Oy Relaxed performance requirements for offloading measurements
US9408100B2 (en) * 2013-06-27 2016-08-02 Broadcom Corporation Device and method for performing opportunistic sniffing
US9432809B2 (en) * 2013-07-12 2016-08-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Providing OTDOA PRS assistance data
EP3033899B1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2022-08-03 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Clustered periodic gaps for measurements in a heterogeneous network
DE102013109816B4 (de) 2013-09-09 2023-03-30 Apple Inc. Mobile Endgeräte und Verfahren zum Durchführen einer Messung
US20150085754A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Methods and apparatus for enhanced frequency measurements
CN104937992B (zh) * 2014-01-21 2018-10-30 华为技术有限公司 参考信号测量方法、用户设备及网络设备
CN105191391B (zh) * 2014-03-20 2018-11-06 华为技术有限公司 基站、用户设备和基站间载波聚合的测量方法
CA2945207C (en) * 2014-05-08 2020-12-29 Intel IP Corporation Prioritized cell identification and measurement method
US20150327104A1 (en) * 2014-05-08 2015-11-12 Candy Yiu Systems, methods, and devices for configuring measurement gaps for dual connectivity
CN107172890B (zh) 2014-09-12 2020-11-06 日本电气株式会社 无线电站、无线电终端、和用于终端测量的方法
US10581547B2 (en) * 2014-09-26 2020-03-03 Google Technology Holdings LLC Methods and apparatus for synchronization to, and measurements on, unlicensed frequency carriers
WO2016068642A1 (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-05-06 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for performing rrm measurements in unlicensed band in wireless communication system
US10165456B2 (en) 2014-12-17 2018-12-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Methods for transmitting mobility signals and related network nodes and wireless devices
US20160219587A1 (en) * 2015-01-28 2016-07-28 Mediatek Inc. Control Channel and Data Channel Design for User Equipment
EP3253105A4 (en) * 2015-01-30 2018-01-24 Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Multi-carrier measurement configuration method and device
EP3281330A1 (en) * 2015-04-08 2018-02-14 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Measurement gap configuration
CN104980949B (zh) * 2015-06-30 2018-10-19 上海华为技术有限公司 一种异频测量的启动方法及相关设备
US11039330B2 (en) * 2015-08-12 2021-06-15 Apple Inc. Method of measurement gap enhancement
CN108886414B (zh) * 2016-03-24 2021-05-14 瑞典爱立信有限公司 配置和报告移动性测量的方法、设备和存储介质
US11122535B2 (en) 2016-07-15 2021-09-14 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques for locating devices using narrowband positioning reference signals
ES2767283T3 (es) * 2016-08-12 2020-06-17 Nokia Technologies Oy Detección de posición de equipo de usuario dentro de una red de telecomunicación inalámbrica
US10009080B2 (en) * 2016-10-14 2018-06-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Reference signal measurements
JP6889257B2 (ja) 2016-11-04 2021-06-18 テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エルエム エリクソン(パブル) ビームベースのシステムにおける無線リンク監視を実行するためのモビリティ基準信号の再利用
WO2018082032A1 (en) * 2016-11-04 2018-05-11 Mediatek Singapore Pte. Ltd. Method of rstd measurement gap for narrowband otdoa positioning
CN116683952A (zh) * 2016-11-04 2023-09-01 瑞典爱立信有限公司 对用于rlm的移动参考信号的增强的方法和装置
EP3560250B1 (en) * 2016-12-23 2021-10-20 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (PUBL) Communication node, target device and methods for activation positioning procedure in a wireless communication network
WO2018127395A1 (en) * 2017-01-05 2018-07-12 Sony Corporation Terminal device and method
EP3580972B1 (en) * 2017-02-13 2025-04-23 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Controlling user equipment carrier aggregation configuration with enhanced multimedia broadcast multicast services
CN114978455B (zh) * 2017-04-03 2025-02-07 苹果公司 由定位服务器执行的方法以及计算机可读介质
WO2018186788A1 (en) * 2017-04-04 2018-10-11 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Handling measurement configurations in a multi-connectivity environment
US10285156B2 (en) * 2017-04-09 2019-05-07 Qualcomm Incorporated Dynamic measurement gap configuration for inter-frequency positioning measurements
US11070999B2 (en) * 2017-05-02 2021-07-20 Apple Inc. Gap pattern design for new radio (NR) systems
CN110583039B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2024-01-19 苹果公司 用于下一代无线电(nr)和长期演进(lte)的测量设计
WO2018212692A1 (en) * 2017-05-15 2018-11-22 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) System and method for controlling measurement gaps in a communication system
JP2020530693A (ja) * 2017-08-10 2020-10-22 クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッドQualcomm Incorporated 基準信号時間差測定のためのギャップの提供および使用
US11470440B2 (en) * 2017-08-10 2022-10-11 Qualcomm Incorporated Provision and use of gaps for reference signal time difference measurements
US10804983B2 (en) 2017-09-22 2020-10-13 Qualcomm Incorporated Tuning a subset of receive chains of a component carrier away from MIMO communication to perform an inter-frequency positioning reference signal measurement
US11320511B2 (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-05-03 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. Observed time difference of arrival (OTDOA) positioning in wireless communication networks
EP4412312A3 (en) * 2017-11-13 2024-10-30 NEC Corporation Wireless terminal, radio access network node, and method therefor
CN111357325A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2020-06-30 瑞典爱立信有限公司 双连接性中的测量间隙配置
WO2019098914A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) User equipment, network nodes and methods in a wireless communications network
US10887802B2 (en) * 2018-01-11 2021-01-05 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Methods and apparatuses for handling the configuration of measurements to be performed by a user equipment in a wireless communication network
CN110798846B (zh) * 2018-08-03 2023-06-27 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 一种频点测量方法、网络侧设备和用户终端
WO2020069314A1 (en) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Intel Corporation Inter-rat (radio access technology) rstd (reference signal time difference) measurement enhancement
US12114229B2 (en) * 2018-12-12 2024-10-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for location reporting with low latency for wireless networks
US10966209B2 (en) 2018-12-12 2021-03-30 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for super low latency location service for wireless networks
US10715951B1 (en) * 2019-06-11 2020-07-14 Nokia Technologies Oy Positioning support for wireless devices such as NR-IoT devices and useful for geofencing
US11115845B2 (en) * 2019-06-13 2021-09-07 Charter Communications Operating, Llc Citizens broadband radio service network interference management using dual subscriber identification module devices
PH12022551657A1 (en) 2020-03-03 2024-01-29 Qualcomm Inc Low layer radio access technology (rat)-independent measurement reporting
US12571872B2 (en) 2020-05-04 2026-03-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Sidelink-assisted positioning
JP7695274B2 (ja) * 2020-06-30 2025-06-18 クゥアルコム・インコーポレイテッド 測定ギャップの動的構成
CN113905398B (zh) * 2020-07-06 2025-07-15 维沃移动通信有限公司 测量间隔配置请求方法、装置、终端及网络侧设备
WO2022026173A1 (en) * 2020-07-28 2022-02-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Dynamic measurement gap control
US20240007986A1 (en) * 2020-11-02 2024-01-04 Nokia Technologies Oy Pre-emptive reconfiguration of measurement gap pattern for low positioning latency
FI20215258A1 (en) * 2021-03-10 2022-09-11 Nokia Solutions & Networks Oy Measurement gap setting
EP4268529A4 (en) * 2021-05-11 2024-07-31 ZTE Corporation SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING LOCATION INFORMATION ON A MEASUREMENT GAP
CN115735375A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2023-03-03 北京小米移动软件有限公司 定位测量的方法、装置、通信设备及存储介质
US20240405944A1 (en) * 2021-09-28 2024-12-05 Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. Method for configuring information and device
US12418819B2 (en) 2022-03-03 2025-09-16 Mediatek Inc. Method and apparatus for satellite access network measurement within overlapping gaps
US20250159527A1 (en) * 2022-03-03 2025-05-15 Mediatek Inc. Method and apparatus for satellite access network measurement outside gaps
US12490057B2 (en) 2022-05-05 2025-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Systems and methods for periodic and triggered event reporting via user plane

Family Cites Families (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6446028B1 (en) * 1998-11-25 2002-09-03 Keynote Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring the performance of a network based application program
FI112562B (fi) * 2000-02-29 2003-12-15 Nokia Corp Mittausaukkojen määrittäminen keskinäistaajuksien mittauksessa
KR100547723B1 (ko) * 2004-01-14 2006-01-31 삼성전자주식회사 이동통신시스템에서 인접 셀 경계 인식장치 및 방법
EP1627922A1 (en) 2004-08-18 2006-02-22 Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH Method of screening for a carnitine transporter agonist or antagonist and its uses
JP4651463B2 (ja) * 2005-06-17 2011-03-16 株式会社エヌ・ティ・ティ・ドコモ 基地局及び基地局で使用される方法
US8396141B2 (en) 2005-11-29 2013-03-12 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Efficient cell selection
JP5031738B2 (ja) * 2006-05-23 2012-09-26 シャープ株式会社 移動通信方法、移動局装置、基地局装置及び移動通信システム
US8095134B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2012-01-10 Nokia Corporation Method and apparatus for handover measurement
US7797000B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2010-09-14 Trueposition, Inc. System for automatically determining cell transmitter parameters to facilitate the location of wireless devices
CA2674697A1 (en) * 2007-01-08 2008-07-17 Interdigital Technology Corporation Measurement gap pattern scheduling to support mobility
US8295859B1 (en) 2007-01-23 2012-10-23 University Of South Florida System and method of exploiting location awareness to improve wireless cognitive radio
JP2010531120A (ja) 2007-06-21 2010-09-16 インターデイジタル テクノロジー コーポレーション E−utran用のハンドオーバー関連測定報告
KR101349824B1 (ko) 2007-09-21 2014-01-15 엘지전자 주식회사 이종 통신 시스템의 프리엠블 신호를 수신하는 방법 및상기 이종 통신 시스템을 발견하기 위한 적응적 탐색 구간변경 방법
WO2009065012A1 (en) 2007-11-15 2009-05-22 Andrew Llc System and method for locating umts user equipment using measurement reports
US8447319B2 (en) 2007-11-15 2013-05-21 Andrew Llc System and method for locating UMTS user equipment using measurement reports
WO2009096837A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-08-06 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Measurement bandwidth configuration method
EP2088805A1 (en) * 2008-02-06 2009-08-12 Nokia Siemens Networks Oy Flexible sharing of measurement gaps
US20090325501A1 (en) * 2008-04-24 2009-12-31 Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for prioritizing and reporting multiple wireless communication measurement events
US8873522B2 (en) * 2008-08-11 2014-10-28 Qualcomm Incorporated Processing measurement gaps in a wireless communication system
US20100113035A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-06 Suat Eskicioglu Location-based handovers from a macrocell to a femtocell using event-triggered measurement reporting
US8180368B2 (en) 2008-11-11 2012-05-15 Trueposition, Inc. Femto-cell location by direct methods
WO2010107356A1 (en) 2009-03-17 2010-09-23 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) An arrangement and a method in a communication network node, an arrangement and a method in a user equipment in a radio communications system
DE202010017878U1 (de) * 2009-03-20 2012-11-27 Htc Corporation System und Vorrichtung zur Messberichtserstattung und damit in Beziehung stehende Kommunikationsvorrichtung
US9435874B2 (en) 2009-04-21 2016-09-06 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for supporting positioning for terminals in a wireless network
US20100304748A1 (en) * 2009-04-27 2010-12-02 Tero Henttonen Apparatus and Method for Handover in a Communication System
US9002354B2 (en) 2009-06-12 2015-04-07 Google Technology Holdings, LLC Interference control, SINR optimization and signaling enhancements to improve the performance of OTDOA measurements
CN101931996A (zh) 2009-06-22 2010-12-29 宏达国际电子股份有限公司 处理定位测量的方法及其相关通讯装置
WO2011016805A1 (en) 2009-08-05 2011-02-10 Andrew Llc System and method for hybrid location in a cdma2000 network
EP3650882A1 (en) 2009-08-13 2020-05-13 InterDigital Patent Holdings, Inc. Method and apparatus for supporting positioning measurements
US20110124347A1 (en) 2009-09-15 2011-05-26 Byron Hua Chen Method And Apparatus for UE Positioning in LTE Networks
US20110117926A1 (en) 2009-11-17 2011-05-19 Mediatek Inc. Network-based positioning mechanism and reference signal design in OFDMA systems
EP2360962A3 (en) 2010-02-12 2011-11-16 Research In Motion Limited Methods and apparatus to perform measurements
US9119036B2 (en) 2010-05-10 2015-08-25 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Enhanced measurement gap configuration support for positioning
US10034205B2 (en) 2010-10-01 2018-07-24 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Positioning measurements and carrier switching in multi-carrier wireless communication networks
EP2666319B1 (en) 2011-01-19 2016-11-16 Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) Enhanced measurement gap configuration support for positioning related applications
US9055595B2 (en) 2011-02-15 2015-06-09 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Bandwidth-based configuration of measurement gaps
US9119102B2 (en) 2011-04-04 2015-08-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Radio network node and method for using positioning gap indication for enhancing positioning performance
US8406790B2 (en) 2011-04-13 2013-03-26 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Reducing complexity of pattern-based measurements
US20120289247A1 (en) 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Radio Node, Positioning Node, and Methods Therein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20160316447A1 (en) 2016-10-27
RU2579940C2 (ru) 2016-04-10
US20180132204A1 (en) 2018-05-10
EP2843989B1 (en) 2017-11-01
CA2802496A1 (en) 2011-11-17
DK2569973T3 (en) 2018-06-18
US9867160B2 (en) 2018-01-09
RU2016102838A (ru) 2018-11-21
US9635637B2 (en) 2017-04-25
US10237844B2 (en) 2019-03-19
CA2802496C (en) 2018-09-25
RU2012153169A (ru) 2014-06-20
US20130059610A1 (en) 2013-03-07
EP2843989A1 (en) 2015-03-04
US20170201961A1 (en) 2017-07-13
RU2708961C2 (ru) 2019-12-12
US9414349B2 (en) 2016-08-09
EP2569973B1 (en) 2018-04-04
ES2675561T3 (es) 2018-07-11
PT2569973T (pt) 2018-05-28
US8965414B2 (en) 2015-02-24
CN103039108B (zh) 2016-06-01
RU2016102838A3 (pl) 2019-06-06
CN103039108A (zh) 2013-04-10
EP2569973A1 (en) 2013-03-20
US20150141047A1 (en) 2015-05-21
WO2011142710A1 (en) 2011-11-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
PL2569973T3 (pl) Sposoby i urządzenia do obsługi pomiarów między-częstotliwościowych
GB2486759B (en) Method and apparatus for resistivity measurements
GB2493891B (en) Method and apparatus for determining location using signals-of-opportunity
GB201003363D0 (en) Measurement method and apparatus
GB201003599D0 (en) Measurement method and apparatus
EP2534868A4 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS
EP2534869A4 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING MEASUREMENTS
EP2608747A4 (en) SUPPORT DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THEIR USE
GB201013896D0 (en) Apparatus and method for measuring distance
GB2478122B (en) Apparatus and methods for broadcast-unicast communication handover
EP2596320A4 (en) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGING
GB2480558B (en) Testing apparatus
EP2590556A4 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING LUNG PARAMETERS
EP2567247A4 (en) PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR QUICK TTFF
EP2536206A4 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DOWNWARDING INTERFACE MEASUREMENT CONFIGURATIONS
GB201120075D0 (en) Measurement apparatus and method
GB2483684B (en) Range determination apparatus and method
GB201008736D0 (en) Inspection apparatus and method
GB2485651B (en) Support Apparatus
GB2477575B (en) Apparatus and methods for imbalance compensation
GB201018743D0 (en) Scanning methods and apparatus
GB201017561D0 (en) Method and apparatus for taking measurements
GB201004219D0 (en) Temperature measurement apparatus and method
GB201013894D0 (en) Apparatus and method for measuring distance
GB201021354D0 (en) Method and apparatus for drug testing