PL4291605T3 - Kompozycje zawierające poli(fosforany amonu) - Google Patents
Kompozycje zawierające poli(fosforany amonu)Info
- Publication number
- PL4291605T3 PL4291605T3 PL22703609.2T PL22703609T PL4291605T3 PL 4291605 T3 PL4291605 T3 PL 4291605T3 PL 22703609 T PL22703609 T PL 22703609T PL 4291605 T3 PL4291605 T3 PL 4291605T3
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- compositions
- ammonium polyphosphates
- polyphosphates
- ammonium
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L85/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L85/02—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage in the main chain of the macromolecule containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen and carbon; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/10—Encapsulated ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/08—Copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/14—Copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/18—Fireproof paints including high temperature resistant paints
- C09D5/185—Intumescent paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/43—Thickening agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
- C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
- C09K21/04—Inorganic materials containing phosphorus
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3054—Ammonium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3063—Magnesium sulfate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3072—Iron sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
- C08K2003/3081—Aluminum sulfate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K2003/321—Phosphates
- C08K2003/322—Ammonium phosphate
- C08K2003/323—Ammonium polyphosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21157118 | 2021-02-15 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/052317 WO2022171489A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-01 | Compositions comprising ammonium polyphosphates |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL4291605T3 true PL4291605T3 (pl) | 2025-08-04 |
Family
ID=74625885
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL22703609.2T PL4291605T3 (pl) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-02-01 | Kompozycje zawierające poli(fosforany amonu) |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12163056B2 (pl) |
| EP (1) | EP4291605B1 (pl) |
| JP (1) | JP2024502853A (pl) |
| KR (1) | KR20230146085A (pl) |
| CN (1) | CN116829633B (pl) |
| PL (1) | PL4291605T3 (pl) |
| TW (1) | TW202239700A (pl) |
| WO (1) | WO2022171489A1 (pl) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024073806A1 (en) * | 2022-10-07 | 2024-04-11 | Flame Security International Pty Ltd | Paint composition |
| EP4559982A1 (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2025-05-28 | Hexion Inc. | Intumescent paint composition |
| KR20250076435A (ko) | 2023-11-22 | 2025-05-29 | (주)엘엑스하우시스 | 팽창성 코팅 조성물 |
| CN117534988A (zh) * | 2023-12-15 | 2024-02-09 | 国网河北省电力有限公司超高压分公司 | 一种抗老化防静电的防火电缆涂料及其制备方法 |
| KR102694687B1 (ko) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-08-13 | 주식회사 마노 | 친환경 난연조성물이 적용된 근적외선 발생 장치 |
| WO2025186281A1 (en) * | 2024-03-05 | 2025-09-12 | Jotun A/S | Intumescent coating composition |
Family Cites Families (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3495937A (en) | 1965-03-16 | 1970-02-17 | Chung Yu Shen | Ammonium polyphosphate process |
| US3912802A (en) | 1972-04-20 | 1975-10-14 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Ammonium polyphosphates |
| SE408787B (sv) | 1973-06-14 | 1979-07-09 | Hoechst Ag | Sett och anordning for framstellning av hyvudsakligen vattenolosliga kedjeformiga ammoniumpolyfosfater |
| DE2359699B2 (de) | 1973-11-30 | 1978-09-21 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Aufblähbare, flammhemmende Überzugsmassen |
| DE2813870A1 (de) | 1978-03-31 | 1979-10-18 | Hoechst Ag | Verwendung von ammoniumpolyphosphat |
| JPH0733245B2 (ja) | 1991-01-10 | 1995-04-12 | チッソ株式会社 | Ii型ポリリン酸アンモニウムの微粒子 |
| DE4133811A1 (de) | 1991-10-12 | 1993-04-15 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von ammoniumpolyphosphat |
| IT1252290B (it) | 1991-11-14 | 1995-06-08 | Mini Ricerca Scient Tecnolog | Ammonio polifosfato microincapsulato con resine amminoplastiche |
| JP3371461B2 (ja) | 1993-03-23 | 2003-01-27 | チッソ株式会社 | Ii型ポリリン酸アンモニウムの製造方法 |
| JPH07187626A (ja) | 1993-10-22 | 1995-07-25 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | 被覆処理されたポリリン酸アンモニウム |
| DE4343668A1 (de) | 1993-12-21 | 1995-06-22 | Hoechst Ag | Aufblähbare, flammhemmende Überzugsmassen |
| JPH09286985A (ja) | 1996-04-22 | 1997-11-04 | Chisso Corp | 発泡耐火材 |
| US5854309A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-12-29 | Blount; David H. | Flame retardant compositions utilizing amino condensation compounds |
| DE19830128A1 (de) * | 1998-07-06 | 2000-02-10 | Degussa | Oberflächenmodifizierte Flammschutzmittel, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
| US20040036061A1 (en) | 2002-07-22 | 2004-02-26 | Rhodes Michael S. | Activated flame retardants and their applications |
| DE10359814A1 (de) | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-28 | Clariant Gmbh | Dialkylphosphinsäure-Salze |
| CN101439851B (zh) | 2007-11-19 | 2011-02-09 | 北京理工大学 | 一种结晶ⅱ型聚磷酸铵的制备方法 |
| CN101348721B (zh) * | 2008-09-11 | 2011-03-23 | 北京理工大学 | 一种聚磷酸铵与蒙脱土纳米复合物及其制备方法 |
| CN101428780B (zh) | 2008-11-28 | 2011-01-19 | 华东理工大学 | 一种结晶ⅱ型支链聚磷酸铵的制备方法 |
| CN103554999B (zh) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-04-08 | 四川大学 | 改性聚磷酸铵及其制备方法和用途 |
| CN103588992B (zh) | 2013-11-06 | 2015-10-28 | 四川大学 | 原位聚合双层包覆改性聚磷酸铵及其制备方法和用途 |
| US11628589B2 (en) | 2015-10-20 | 2023-04-18 | Clariant International Ltd | Mixtures of ammonium polyphosphate and at least one soluble ionic compound containing sulfate and/or is capable of releasing sulfate ions |
| DE102016203911A1 (de) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-09-14 | Clariant Plastics & Coatings Ltd | Halogenfreie, dämmschichtbildende Brandschutzbeschichtung sowie deren Verwendung |
| CN109929374A (zh) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 镇江兴谦新材料技术有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀防火涂料 |
| CN108219233A (zh) | 2017-12-18 | 2018-06-29 | 襄阳华虹高科新材料有限公司 | 一种梯度阻燃剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112955317A (zh) | 2018-12-25 | 2021-06-11 | Dic株式会社 | 粘合带 |
| KR102668134B1 (ko) | 2018-12-25 | 2024-05-22 | 디아이씨 가부시끼가이샤 | 난연성 점착제 및 난연성 점착 테이프 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-08 TW TW110141515A patent/TW202239700A/zh unknown
-
2022
- 2022-02-01 PL PL22703609.2T patent/PL4291605T3/pl unknown
- 2022-02-01 JP JP2023541772A patent/JP2024502853A/ja active Pending
- 2022-02-01 CN CN202280010768.XA patent/CN116829633B/zh active Active
- 2022-02-01 WO PCT/EP2022/052317 patent/WO2022171489A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2022-02-01 US US18/038,575 patent/US12163056B2/en active Active
- 2022-02-01 EP EP22703609.2A patent/EP4291605B1/en active Active
- 2022-02-01 KR KR1020237031742A patent/KR20230146085A/ko not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW202239700A (zh) | 2022-10-16 |
| KR20230146085A (ko) | 2023-10-18 |
| EP4291605B1 (en) | 2025-04-09 |
| JP2024502853A (ja) | 2024-01-23 |
| CN116829633B (zh) | 2025-09-30 |
| US20240002680A1 (en) | 2024-01-04 |
| EP4291605A1 (en) | 2023-12-20 |
| US12163056B2 (en) | 2024-12-10 |
| CN116829633A (zh) | 2023-09-29 |
| WO2022171489A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| PL4291605T3 (pl) | Kompozycje zawierające poli(fosforany amonu) | |
| DK3924442T3 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202014160D0 (en) | Senolytic compounds and compositions | |
| ZA202403158B (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202013432D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| PL4065661T3 (pl) | Kompozycje | |
| GB202015836D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202105461D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202102704D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB2610026B (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202002048D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB201905390D0 (en) | Compounds and compositions | |
| ZA202210764B (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202118081D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202117074D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202116861D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202116386D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202116388D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202116387D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202115617D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202114053D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202111897D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202109944D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202109945D0 (en) | Compositions | |
| GB202109947D0 (en) | Compositions |