PL8572B1 - Method of obtaining catalysts. - Google Patents
Method of obtaining catalysts. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL8572B1 PL8572B1 PL8572A PL857227A PL8572B1 PL 8572 B1 PL8572 B1 PL 8572B1 PL 8572 A PL8572 A PL 8572A PL 857227 A PL857227 A PL 857227A PL 8572 B1 PL8572 B1 PL 8572B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- catalysts
- temperature
- briquettes
- reaction
- obtaining
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960004887 ferric hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron(3+);oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Fe+3] IEECXTSVVFWGSE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004277 Ferrous carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004652 ferrous carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019268 ferrous carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000015 iron(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Description
Znana jest rzecza, ze reakcja CO + //20 = C02 + H2 zachodzi dostatecznie szybko tylko wobec katalizatorów, których glównym skladnikiem sa metale grupy ze- lazowców lub ich tlenki, zawierajace nad¬ to pewne domieszki dzialajace jako akty¬ watory (patent niemiecki 292 615), Kata¬ lizatory musza byc przyrzadzone w postaci ziarn lub okruchów, któreby umozliwialy swobodny przeplyw gazu miedzy niemi, a któreby byly mechanicznie wytrzymale i nie rozpadaly sie na proszek.Równoczesnie katalizator powinien byc jak najbardziej aktywny, aby aparatura reakcyjna byla jak najmniejsza.Dotad stosowane do tego celu kataliza¬ tory uzyskiwano albo przez prazenie soli zelaza i lotnych kwasów albo przez strace¬ nie wodorotlenków z roztworów soli i ich przeprowadzenie na porowate brykieciki.Jednakowoz katalizatory otrzymywane przez wyprazenie soli zelaza, np. azotanów, sa bardzo porowate i odznaczaja sie bardzo mala odpornoscia mechaniczna, natomiast stracanie wodorotlenku zelazowego i jego wymywanie nasuwa znaczne trudnosci na¬ tury technicznej z powodu koloidalnego charakteru wodorotlenku zelazowego.Niniejszy wynalazek pozwala otrzymy¬ wac katalizatory dostatecznie wytrzymale mechanicznie, a równoczesnie 2—3 razy silniej dzialajace niz te, które daja sie u- zyskac ze stracanych wodorotlenków.Okazalo sie mianowicie, ze szczególnie intensywnie dzialaja katalizatory otrzyma¬ ne przez powolne suszenie przy stopniowopodwyzszanej temperaturze koloidalnych soli zelaza trójwartosciowego i lotnych kwasów z wyjatkiem soli kwasów, chloru i siarki.Równoczesnie przez powolne suszenie materjal kurczy sie przy wysychaniu i sta¬ je sie bardzo wytrzymaly pod wzgledem mechanicznym. 12 g stracanego weglanu zelazawe^- go np. rozpuszcza sie w 25 g 50% -owego kwasu azotowego w zwyczajnej temperatu¬ rze, poczem dodaje sie do tego rozczynu Y2 g CrO^ Po pewnym czasie w zwyczajnej temperaturze, a szybciej po ogrzaniu, roz- czyn przechodzi z wydzieleniem tlenków azotu na mazista mase, dajaca sie formowap w brykieciki, które nastepnie suszy sie przez kilka godzin w suszarce, podnoszac stopniowo temperature do okolo 150°C.Po zredukowaniu w strumieniu wodoru lub gazu wodnego, przy temperaturze 300°— 500°C, otrzymujemy katalizator w twar¬ dych brykiecikach wystarczajacy w ilosci 10 g na katalize 20 litrów gazu na godzine. PL PLIt is known that the reaction CO + // 20 = CO2 + H2 takes place sufficiently fast only in the presence of catalysts whose main constituent is metals of the alkali group or their oxides, which also contain certain admixtures which act as activators (German patent 292 615), the catalysts must be prepared in the form of grains or crumbs, which would allow the gas to flow freely between them, and which would be mechanically strong and not crumble into powder. At the same time, the catalyst should be as active as possible so that the reaction apparatus was as small as possible. The catalysts used hitherto for this purpose have either been obtained by calcining iron salts and volatile acids or by removing the hydroxides from the salt solutions and converting them to porous briquettes. However, catalysts obtained by calcining iron salts, e.g. nitrates, are very porous and distinguishable. The mechanical resistance is very low, while the loss of the ferric hydroxide and its washing out comes to mind considerable difficulties in technical nature due to the colloidal nature of ferric hydroxide. The present invention makes it possible to obtain catalysts sufficiently mechanically strong, and at the same time 2 to 3 times more effective than those that can be obtained from the lost hydroxides. It has turned out that The catalysts obtained by slow drying at the gradually elevated temperature of the colloidal iron salts and volatile acids, except for the salts of acids, chlorine and sulfur, work particularly intensively. At the same time, due to slow drying, the material shrinks when it dries and becomes very mechanically strong. 12 g of the lost ferrous carbonate, for example, is dissolved in 25 g of 50% nitric acid at the usual temperature, and then Y2 g of CrO is added to this solution. After some time at ordinary temperature and faster after heating, it is dissolved - the action passes with the release of nitrogen oxides into a greasy mass, formable into briquettes, which are then dried for several hours in a dryer, gradually raising the temperature to about 150 ° C. After reducing in a stream of hydrogen or water gas, at a temperature of 300 ° - 500 ° C, we obtain a catalyst in hard briquettes, sufficient in the amount of 10 g to catalyze 20 liters of gas per hour. PL PL
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL8572B1 true PL8572B1 (en) | 1928-04-30 |
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