PT101540B - LIQUID DETERGENT BASED ON A HIGH-SPEED POWER MAO ION-ACTIVE AGENT. - Google Patents

Abstract

A high foaming, nonionic surfactant based, light duty liquid detergent with desirable cleansing properties and mildness to the human skin comprising: a water soluble nonionic surfactant; at least one water soluble or dispersible foaming, anionic surfactant; a zwitterionic betaine surfactant, and a dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester.

Description

DESCRIPTION

LIQUID DETERGENT BASED ON A NON-IONIC HIGH SPRAYING TENSIOACTIVE AGENT

Background of the Invention

The present invention relates to new mild liquid detergent compositions with good foaming properties, which contain a nonionic surfactant, at least an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic betaine surfactant and a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, which are all dissolved in an aqueous medium.

Nonionic surfactants are generally chemically inert and stable with respect to pH variations and are therefore suitable for mixing and formulation with other materials. The high performance of nonionic surfactants in the removal of oily dirt is recognized. Nonionic surfactants are also known to be mild. However, as a class, nonionic surfactants are known as weak and moderate foaming agents. Consequently, for detergents that require an abundant and stable foam, the application of nonionic surfactants is limited. There has been a special interest and efforts have been made to obtain a high foaming detergent with nonionic surfactants as the main ingredients. Very few were found.

The prior art is filled with mild liquid detergent compositions containing nonionic surfactants in combination with anionic and / or betaine surfactants, where nonionic detergent is not the most important surfactant, as shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,658,985, in which an anionic shampoo contains a minor amount of a fatty acid alkanolamide. 3,769,398 discloses a negligible ionic amount shampoo.

US Patent N2 based on betaine containing non-weak surfactants properties using agents

This patent establishes that the foaming of non-ionic detergents makes their use in compositions for undesirable shampoos. US Patent No. 4,329,335 discloses a shampoo that contains a surfactant of important and surfactant amounts, nonionic and betaine as the least important ingredient of a mono- or di-ethanolamide agent.

U.S. Patent No. 4,259,204 discloses 0.8-20% fatty acid.

a shampoo that is anionic phosphoric acid and an agent that can be anionic, amphoteric or North American No. 4,329,334 discloses a photic containing an amount by weight of an additional nonionic surfactant ester. The patent is an anionic-most important shampoo of an anionic surfactant and less important amounts of betaine and nonionic surfactants.

U.S. Patent No. 3,935,129 discloses a liquid cleaning composition based on an alkali metal silicate content and containing five basic ingredients, namely, urea, glycerin, triethanolamine, an anionic detergent and a non-ionic detergent. The silicate determines the amount of detergent and / or non-ionic in the liquid cleaning composition.

the foaming property of these detergent compositions is not analyzed here.

anionic content

Yet,

U.S. Patent No. 4,129,515 discloses a strong liquid detergent for washing fabrics, which comprises a mixture of substantially equal amounts of anionic and non-ionic surfactants, alkanolamines and magnesium salts, and, optionally, agents

zwitterionic surfactants (of bipolar ion), as foam modifiers.

U.S. Patent No. 4,224,195 discloses an aqueous detergent composition for washing socks, which comprises a specific group of non-ionic detergents, namely, a secondary alcohol ethylene oxide, a specific group of anionic detergents, namely, a sulfuric ester salt of an ethylene oxide adduct of a secondary alcohol; and an amphoteric surfactant which may be a betaine, the most important ingredient of which may be the anionic or nonionic surfactant.

The prior art also discloses detergent compositions that contain all nonionic surfactants, as shown in U.S. Patent Nos.

4,154,706 and 4,329,336, wherein the shampoo compositions contain a plurality of particular nonionic surfactants in order to provide the desired foaming and detersive properties, despite the fact that nonionic surfactants are normally deficient these properties.

U.S. Patent No. 4,013,787 discloses a piperazine-based polymer for conditioning compositions and for shampoos that can contain all nonionic surfactants or all anionic surfactants.

U.S. Patent No. 4,450,091 discloses high viscosity compositions for shampoo that contain a mixture of an amphoteric betaine surfactant, a non-ionic polyoxybutylene polyoxyethylene detergent, an anionic surfactant, a fatty acid alkanolamide and a polyoxyalkylene glycol fatty ester.

N2 U.S. Patent 4,595,526 describes a composition comprising a surface active nonionic a surfactant betaine, an anionic surface active agent and a foam stabilizer monoethanolamide fatty acid ^{and _C} i4 i2 '

However, none of the aforementioned patents discloses a liquid, non-ionic, high foaming detergent composition containing a nonionic surfactant, at least one anionic surfactant, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate and a zwitterionic surfactant. (bipolar ion), sparkling and selected from betaine-type surfactants, in which the composition does not contain any amine oxide, calcium carbonate, alkali metal carbonate, polymeric or clay thickeners, abrasive materials, clays, silicas , alkanol amides, (for example cocodiethanol amide), alkyl glycine surfactant, cyclic imidinium surfactant, or more than 3.0% by weight of a fatty acid or metal salt of the acid compounds fat.

Summary of the Invention

It has been found that a high foaming liquid detergent can be formulated with a nonionic surfactant that has desirable cleaning properties, while being gentle on human skin.

Another object of this invention is to provide new liquid aqueous detergent compositions containing a nonionic surfactant, at least one anionic surfactant, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate and a zwitterionic betaine surfactant, wherein the composition does not contain amine oxide, fatty acid alkanolamide foam stabilizer, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate, polymeric and clay thickeners, clays, abrasive materials, agents

alkyl glycine surfactants, cyclic imidinium surfactants, silica, or more than 3% by weight of a fatty acid or a metal salt of a fatty acid.

Yet another objective of this invention is to provide a new liquid detergent with strong foaming and cleaning characteristics, desirable, which is at the same time gentle to human skin.

Objectives, advantages and additional features of the present invention will be presented in the description that follows, and in part, they will become apparent to those skilled in the art after analyzing it, or else they may be apprehended by the practice of the invention. The objectives and advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the combinations referred to in particular in the appended claims.

In order to achieve the previous objectives, and others, and in accordance with the purposes of the present invention, according to the embodiment and widely described in this specification, the new liquid detergent, mild and of high foaming power, of the present invention comprises four other surfactants. -essential actives: a nonionic, ethoxylated and water-soluble surfactant; at least one foaming anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of water-soluble organic sulfates, an ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate and organic sulfonates; a water-soluble and foaming zwitterionic surfactant, selected from the betaine class and a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, in which the ingredients are dissolved in an aqueous vehicle, and in which the composition does not contain any amine oxide ingredients, clays , silicas, forming salts, and abrasive materials.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a liquid, non-ionic, high foaming detergent,

which comprises: a nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of primary water-soluble aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, secondary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, alkyl phenol ethoxylates and ethylene oxide propylene oxide condensates; and furthermore amounts of at least one anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of water-soluble salts of alkyl CC -sulfates, alkyl C _o -C. the lo the 1st

-benzene sulfonates, C _1Q paraffin -C ₂₀ -sulfonates, CL olefin -C_ -sulfonates, a CC ethoxylated alkyl-ether sulfate, and CC acyl taurates and a water-soluble zwitterionic betaine surfactant , in which the surfactants are dissolved in an aqueous vehicle.

The total amount of surfactants can be 10% -55%, preferably 20% -40%, more preferably 25% -35% of the weight of the liquid composition.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The mild, non-ionic, high foaming liquid detergent compositions of the present invention comprise approximately by weight: 10 to 30% by weight of a non-ionic water-soluble surfactant; 1 to 10% of at least one dispersible or water-soluble anionic surfactant; 0.5 to 8% by weight of a dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester surfactant; 0.5 to 8.0% by weight of a betaine surfactant; and 44 to 87% by weight of water, where the compositions do not contain any amine oxides, fatty acid alkanol amides (eg cocodiethanolamide), alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, polymeric or clay thickeners, abrasive materials, clays, silicas, alkyl glycine surfactants, cyclic imidinium surfactants, or more than 3% by weight of a fatty acid or a fatty acid metal salt.

nonionic surfactant which is the most important ingredient of the liquid detergent composition is present in amounts of 10 to 30%, preferably 12 to 25% by weight of the composition and provides a high performance in removing oily soiling time that is gentle on human skin.

The water-soluble non-ionic surfactants used in this invention are commercially well-known and include primary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, secondary aliphatic alcohol ethoxylates, alkylphenol ethoxylates and ethylene oxide condensates in primary alkanes, such such as Plurafacs (BASF) and ethylene oxide condensates with sorbitan fatty acid esters such as Tweens (ICI). Non-ionic synthetic organic detergents are generally the condensation products of an organic aliphatic or aromatic alkyl hydrophobic compound and hydrophilic ethylene oxide groups. In practice, any compound that has a carboxy, hydroxy, starch, or amino group, with a free hydrogen bonded to nitrogen, can be condensed with ethylene oxide or its polyhydration product, polyethylene glycol, to form a nonionic detergent soluble in water. In addition, the length of the hydrophobic or hydrophilic polyethyleneoxy elements.

The class of non-ionic detergents includes the condensation products of a higher alcohol (eg, an alkanol containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms with a straight or branched chain configuration) condensed with 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, for example lauryl alcohol or myristyl condensed with 16 moles of ethylene oxide (OE), tridecanol condensed with 6 moles of OE, myristyl alcohol condensed with 10 moles of OE per mole of myristyl alcohol, the OE condensation product with a fraction of fatty coconut alcohol containing a mixture of fatty alcohols with alkyl chains ranging in length from 10 to 14 carbon atoms and the condensate contains either 6 moles of OE per mole of total alcohol or 9 moles of OE per mole of alcohol and ethoxylates tallow alcohol containing 6 OE to 11 OE per mole of alcohol.

A preferred group of the foregoing nonionic surfactants are Neodol ethoxylates (Shell Co.), which are primary and aliphatic alcohols containing 9-15 carbon atoms, such as condensed C-C alkanol and li with 8 moles of ethylene oxide (Neodol 91-8), C ₁₂ ~ C ₁₃ alkanol condensed with 6.5 moles of ethylene oxide (Neodol 23-6.5), ^C ₁₂ ^_C 15 ^{C0n alkanol <} ^ ^{tests <} ^ ^{0 with 12} moles ethylene oxide (Neodol 25-12), condensed alkanol with 13 moles of ethylene oxide (Neodol 45-13), etc. These ethoxers have an ELH (HLB) value (hydrophobic lipophilic balance) of 8 to 15 and provide good O / W emulsification, in which ethoxamers with ELH values below 8 contain less than 5 ethylene oxide groups and tend to be weak emulsifiers and weak detergents.

Other satisfactory water-soluble alcohol ethylene oxide condensates are the condensation products of a secondary aliphatic alcohol containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain configuration condensed with 5 to 30 moles of oxide and ethylene. Examples of commercially obtainable nonionic detergents of the foregoing type are secondary alkanols condensed ^c n ^-c i5 or 9OE (Tergitol 15-S-9) or 12 EO (Tergitol 15-S-12) marketed by Union Carbide.

Other suitable non-ionic detergents include polyethylene oxide condensates of one mole of alkylphenol containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms in a straight or branched chain alkyl group with 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide. Specific examples of alkylphenol ethoxylates include nonylphenol condensed with 9.5 moles of OE per mole of nonylphenol, dinonylphenol condensed with 12

moles of OE per mole of dinonylphenol, dinonylphenol condensed with 15 moles of OE per mole of phenol and diisoctyl phenol condensed with 15 moles of OE per mole of phenol. Commercially available nonionic surfactants of this type include Igepal CO-630 (nonylphenol ethoxylate) marketed by the GAF Corporation.

Condensates of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan esters of mono- and tri-alkanoic acid C ^ -C ^ θ, with an ELH of 8 to 15 can also be employed as the non-ionic detergent ingredient in the described shampoo. These surfactants are well known and are available from Imperial Chemical Industries under the trademark Tween. Suitable surfactants can be polyoxyethylene (4) sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene (4) sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan trioleate and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate.

The anionic surfactant used in the liquid detergent composition constitutes 1% to 10%, preferably 2% to 9% by weight and provides good foaming properties. However, reduced amounts are preferably used in order to increase the desired skin softness property of the compositions of the invention.

At least one of the surfactants that can be employed in the liquid detergent of the invention is soluble in water, such as the triethanolamine salt, and includes the sodium, potassium, ammonium and ethanolammonium salts of: C-C alkyl. -sulfates, such as lauryl sulfate, myristyl sulfate, etc;

C — C alkyl 16-benzene sulfonate; paraffin C ₁₀ -C _2Q -sulfonate; alpha-olefin sulfonates containing about 10-24 carbon atoms and CC ethoxylated alkyl. -ether-sulfate. Preferred anionic surfactants are C ₁₂ ~ C ₁₆ alkyl-water-soluble sulfates, C ₁₀ ~ C ₁₅ alkyl-benzene sulfonates,

paraffin C-C -sulfonates, C-C-ethoxylated alkyl -12 ether 1 / o

-sulfates and olefin C. -C. -sulfonates.

± 2 lo

One of the surfactants is a metal salt of an ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate with the formula:

R— (OCHCH) OSC) ^M n 3 where n is 1 to 22, more preferably 1 to 3 and R is an alkyl group with 8 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 15 and natural fractions, for example, ^c -Ç ; ^C 12 ^-C 15 ^and M is a metal cation, preferably sodium, and n is 1 to

3. The solubilizing agent is present in the composition at a concentration of 0.5 to 8.0%, more preferably from 1.0 to 7.0% by weight.

ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfate can be made by sulfonating the condensation product of ethylene oxide and C-C alkanol, and neutralizing the resulting product. The ethoxylated alkyl ether sulfates differ from each other in the number of carbon atoms in the alcohols and in the number of moles of ethylene oxide reacted with one mole of such alcohol. The ethoxylated alkyl ether polyethylene oxides contain 12 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohols and their alkyl groups, for example sodium misistyl sulfate (3 EO).

Paraffin sulfonates can be monosulfonates or disulfonates and are usually mixtures thereof, and are obtained by sulfonating paraffins of 10 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferred paraffin sulfonates are those of C-C carbon atom chains. _o , and most preferably they are ^C ₁₄ ~ C ₁₇ chains. Paraffin sulfonates that have the sulfonate groups distributed along the paraffin chain are described in U.S. Patents 2,503,280; 2,507,088; 3,260,744; and 3,372,188; and also in German Patent 735,096. These compounds can be

made according to specifications and desirably the paraffin-sulfonate content out of the smallest and will be minimized, as well as ^G ₁₄ _ _{17 range} will be any di- or poly-sulfonate contents.

Examples of other suitable sulfonated anionic detergents are the well-known upper aromatic alkyl mononuclear sulfonates, such as upper alkyl-benzene sulfonate containing 9 to 18, or preferably 9 or 10 to 15 or 16 carbon atoms in the upper alkyl group, in a straight or branched chain, or alkyl C-toluenesulfonates. A preferred alkylbenzene sulfonate is a linear alkyl benzene sulfonate with a higher content of 3-phenyl isomers (or higher) and a correspondingly lower content of (well below 50%) isomers

2-phenyl (or lower), such as those sulfonates in which the benzene ring is mainly attached at the 3, or higher position (for example 4, 5, 6 or 7) of the alkyl group and where the content of the isomers to which it is attached the benzene ring is attached at position 2 or 1 is correspondingly low. Preferred materials are those indicated in US Patent 3,320,174, especially those in which the alkyls are 10 to 13 carbon atoms.

The water-soluble zwitterionic surfactant which is also an essential ingredient of the present liquid detergent composition, constitutes 0.5 to 8%, preferably 1 to 7% by weight, and provides good foaming and smoothing properties for the present non-ionic liquid detergent. The zwitterionic surfactant is a water-soluble betaine with the following formula:

R - N + - R. - C001 i 4

where it is an alkyl group with 10 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 16 carbon atoms, or the starch radical:

The H

R - C - N - (CH ₂ ) _a where R is an alkyl group with 9 to 19 carbon atoms and a is an integer from 1 to 4; R ₂ and R ₃ are each alkyl groups having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and preferably 1 carbon atom; R4 is an alkylene or hydroxyalkylene group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and, optionally, a hydroxyl group. Typical alkyldimethylbetaines include decildimethylbetaine or 2- (N-decyl-N, N-dimethyl-ammonium), cocodimethylbetaine or 2- (N-coconut N, N-dimethylammonium), dimethylmiristylbetaine, dimethylpalmethylbetaine, dimethylethylbutine, dimethylbutine, dimethylbutine , dimethylstearylbetaine, etc. Similar starches include cocoamidoethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine, etc. A preferred betaine is cocoamido (C -C) propyldimethylbetaine.

the lo

The dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester is present

in the composition of the invention with a concentration of 0.5 to 8.0%, most preferred 1, 0 to 7.0% in weight and It's defined by the formula: 0 0 _o S 3 Ç ç ^OR 1 Ç ç ° r ₂ 0 where R ^ and R ₂ can be radicals aliphatic equal or

different, with 6 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 14 carbon atoms and M is selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal cation, a cation

of alkaline earth metal, in an ammonium cation and in alkanolamine. Preferred are sodium or potassium, magnesium or ethanolamine.

All the aforementioned ingredients in this mild liquid detergent are either water-soluble or water-dispersible and remain so during storage.

The particular combination of dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester surfactant, at least one anionic surfactant and a betaine surfactant provides a detergent system that co-acts with the nonionic surfactant to produce a composition liquid detergent with desirable foaming, foam stability and detergent properties. Surprisingly, the resulting homogeneous liquid detergent has an equal or better foaming performance in relation to the initial foam volume and its stability in the presence of stains, as well as effectiveness and cleanliness, compared to an anionic mild liquid detergent (DLSA), such as shown in the following Examples.

The four essential ingredients analyzed above are solubilized in an aqueous medium that fills with water and optionally ingredients such as alcohols and dihydroxyalcohols, such as compresolubilizers such as C ^-C ^ mono- and dihydroxyalkanools, eg ethanol

Soluble hydrotropic salts sodium, potassium, ammonium propylene glycol. include triethanolammonium salts.

isopropanol and in water and mono-, di- and

Although the aqueous medium is mainly water, preferably the said solubilizing agents are included in order to control the viscosity of the liquid and to control the transparency and turbidity properties at low temperatures. Normally, it is desirable to maintain transparency at a temperature between 5 ° C and 10 ° C. However, the solubilizer proportion generally varies between 0.5% and 8%, preferably between 1% and 7%, in

weight of the detergent composition, the proportion of ethanol, when present, being 5% by weight or less, in order to provide a composition with a flash point above 46 ° C. Preferably, the solubilizing ingredient can be propylene glycol. Another extremely effective solubilizing or co-solubilizing agent used at a concentration of 0.1 to 5 weight percent, more preferably between 0.5 and 4.0 weight percent, is isethionic acid or a metal salt alkaline isethionic acid with the formula ch ₂ ohch ₂ so ₃ “x ⁺ where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal cation, preferably sodium.

The foregoing solubilizing ingredients also facilitate the manufacture of the compositions of the invention, due to their tendency to inhibit gel formation.

In addition to the essential and optional constituents mentioned earlier in the mild liquid detergent, normal and conventional adjuvants can also be employed, provided that they do not adversely affect the detergent's properties. Thus, different coloring agents and perfumes can be used; ultraviolet light-absorbing materials, such as Uvinuls, which are products of GAF Corporation; sequestering agents, such as ethylene diaminetetraacetates; magnesium sulfate heptahydrate; pearlescing and opacifiers; pH modifiers; etc. The proportion of these adjuvant materials, in total, does not normally exceed 15% by weight of the detergent composition, and the percentages of most of these individual components will vary between 0.1% and 5% by weight and preferably less than 2% by weight . The sodium formate can be included in the formula as a preservative with a concentration of 0.1 to 4.0%. Sodium bisulfite can be used as a color stabilizer with a

concentration from 0.01 to 0.2% by weight. Typical preservatives are dibromodiciano-butane, citric acid, benzyl alcohol and poly (hexamethylenebiguamide) hydro-chloride and their mixtures.

The present compositions can contain from 1 to 4% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of an alkyl polysaccharide surfactant. The alkyl polysaccharide surfactants, which are used in conjunction with the aforementioned surfactants, have a hydrophobic group containing 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 16 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 14 carbon atoms, and a hydrophilic polysaccharide group containing from 1.5 to 10, preferably from 1.5 to 4, more preferably from 1.6 to 2.7 units of saccharide (for example galactoside, glucoside, fructoside, glucosyl, fructosyl; and / or galactosyl units). Mixtures of saccharide moieties can be employed in the alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. The number x indicates the number of saccharide units in a given alkyl polysaccharide surfactant. For a given alkyl polysaccharide molecule, x can assume integer values. In any physical sample of alkyl polysaccharide surfactants, there will generally be molecules with values other than x. The physical sample can be characterized by the average value of x and this average value can assume non-integer values. The hydrophobic group (R) can be attached at positions 2,3, or 4, instead of position 1 (thus providing a glucosyl or galactosyl, as opposed to a glucoside or galactoside). However, bonding through position, i.e. glucosides, galactosides, fructosides, etc., is preferred. In the preferred product, the additional saccharide units are predominantly linked to the previous saccharide units of position 2. Linking through positions 3, 4 and 6 can also take place. Optionally and less desirably, there may be a polyalkoxide chain that joins the portion

hydrophobic (R) and the polysaccharide chain. The preferred alkoxide portion is ethoxide.

Typical hydrophobic groups include alkyl groups, whether saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched, containing from 8 to 20, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms. Preferably, the alkyl group is a straight chain saturated alkyl group. The alkyl group can contain up to 3 hydroxy groups and / or the polyalkoxide chain can contain up to 30, preferably less than 10, alkoxide halves.

Suitable alkyl polysaccharides are decyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl-di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexaglucosides, galactosides, lactosides, fructosides, fructosyls, glucosyls and / or galactosyls and mixtures thereof.

Alkylmonosaccharides are relatively less soluble in water than higher alkyl polysaccharides. When used in admixture with alkyl polysaccharides, the alkyl monosaccharides are partially solubilized. The use of alkyl monosaccharides in admixture with alkyl polysaccharides is a preferred way of carrying out the invention. Suitable mixtures include coco-di-, tri-, tetra- and penta-glucoside alkyl and tallow-tetra-, penta- and hexaglucoside alkyl.

Preferred alkyl polysaccharides are alkyl polyglucosides of the formula

RO (C H_ O) r (Z) 'n 2n' ^v 'x where Z is derived from glucose, Ré is a hydrophobic group selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkylphenyl, hydroxyalkylphenyl, and mixtures thereof, in which said alkyl groups contain from 10 to 18, from

preferably from 12 to 14 carbon atoms; n is 2 or 3, preferably 2, r is 0 to 10, preferably 0; ex is 1.5 to 8, preferably 1.5 to 4, more preferably 1.6 to 2.7. To prepare these compounds, a long chain alcohol (R3 OH) can be reacted with glucose, in the presence of an acid catalyst, to form the desired glucoside. Alternatively, the alkyl polyglucosides can be prepared by a two-step process, in which a short-chain alcohol (R ^ ROH) can be reacted with glucose, in the presence of an acid catalyst, to form the desired glucoside. Alternatively, alkyl polyglucosides can be prepared by a two-step process, in which a short-chain alcohol (C -C4) is reacted with glucose or with a polyglucoside (x = 2 to 4) to produce an alkylglucoside of short chain (x = la 4), which in turn can be reacted with a longer chain alcohol (R ₂ OH) to displace the short chain alcohol and provide the desired alkyl polyglucoside. If this two-step process is employed, the content of short-chain alkylglucosides in the final alkylpolyglucoside material should be less than 50%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%, and most preferably 0 % of alkyl polyglucoside.

The amount of unreacted alcohol (the content of free fatty alcohol) in the desired alkyl polysaccharide surfactant is preferably less than 2%, more preferably less than 0.5% of the total weight of the alkyl polysaccharide. For some uses, it is desirable that the alkyl monosaccharide content is less than 10%.

The term alkyl polysaccharide surfactant, used herein, is intended to represent both the less preferred glucose and galactose surfactants and the less preferred alkyl polysaccharide surfactants. Throughout this specification, alkyl polyglucoside is used to mean alkyl polyglucosides,

due to the fact that the stereochemistry of the saccharide portion is altered during the preparation reaction.

An especially preferred APG glucoside surfactant is APG glucoside 625 manufactured by Henkel Corporation of Ambler, PA. APG25 is a non-ionic alkyl polyglycoside characterized by the formula:

CH _nn 0 _c ) H n 2n + l '6 10 5'x where n = 10 (2%); n = 122 (65%); n = 14 (21-28%); n = 16 (4-8%) and n = 18 (0.5%) and x (degree of polymerization) = 1.6. APG 625 has: a pH of 6 to 10 (10% APG 625 in distilled water); a specific gravity at 25 ° C of 1.1 g / ml; a density at 25 ° C of 1.1 kg / 1; a calculated ELH of 12.1 and a Brookfield viscosity at 35 ° C, spindle 21, 5-10 RPM, from 3,000 to 7,000 cps.

The present compositions may contain a silk derivative as part of the composition and which generally constitutes 0.01 to 3.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 2, 5% by weight of the liquid detergent composition.

f ·

Included among silk derivatives are silk fibers and hydrolyzed silk fibers. Silk fibers can be used in powder form for the preparation of liquid detergent, or as a powder for a product obtained by washing and treating silk fibers with an acid. Preferably, silk fibers are used as a ..... product obtained .. by ... hydrolysis _com. an acid, alkali or enzyme, as disclosed in Yoshiaki Abe et al., U.S. Patent No. 24,839,168; Taichi Watanube et al., U.S. Patent No. 5,009,813; and Marvin E. Goldberg, U.S. Patent No. 5,069,898, each incorporated herein by reference.

Another silk derivative that can be employed in the composition of the present invention is a protein obtained by eliminating raw silk gum, as disclosed, for example in Udo Hoppe et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,839,165, incorporated herein by reference. The main protein obtained from raw silk is sericin which has the empirical formula ^c i5 ^H 25 ° 3 ^N 5 and a molecular weight of

323.5.

Another example of a silk derivative for use in the liquid detergent composition of the present invention is a fine silk fibroin powder, in non-fibrous or particulate form, as disclosed in Kiyoshi Otoi et al., U.S. Patent 4,233,212, incorporated herein by reference.

The fine powder is produced by dissolving a gumless silk material in at least one solvent selected from, for example, a solution of aqueous cuprethylene diamine, an aqueous ammoniacal solution of cupric hydroxide, an aqueous alkaline solution of cupric hydroxide and glycerol , a solution of aqueous lithium bromide, an aqueous solution of calcium, magnesium or zinc chloride, nitrate or thiocyanate and an aqueous solution of sodium thiocyanate. The resulting fibroin solution is then dialyzed. The aqueous solution of dialyzed silk fibroin, with a concentration of silk fibroin between 3 and 20% by weight, is subjected to at least one treatment for coagulation and precipitation of silk fibroin, such as, for example, by adding a coagulation salt, by aeration, by coagulation of the isoelectric point, by exposure to ultrasonic waves, by agitation at a high cutting speed, etc.

The resulting product is a silk fibroin gel that can be incorporated directly into the liquid detergent composition, or else it can be dehydrated and dried to obtain a powder and then dissolved in. liquid detergent composition.

Silk material that can be used to form silk fibroin can be: cocoons, raw silk, cocoons to be rejected, raw silk waste, silk fabric waste, etc. The silk material is subjected to a conventional process of eliminating gum or sericin, such as, for example, by washing in hot water containing a surfactant or an enzyme, and then drying. The gumless material is dissolved in the solvent and is preheated to a temperature of 60 to 95 ° C, preferably 70 to 85 ° C. Complementary details of the process for obtaining silk fibroin are analyzed in US Patent No. 4,233,212.

A preferred silk derivative is a mixture of two or more individual natural amino acids that exist in silk. The main silk amino acids are glycine, alanine, serine and tyrosine.

A mixture of silk amino acid resulting from low molecular weight silk hydrolysis and with a specific weight of at least 1 is produced by Croda, Inc. and is sold under the trade name CROSILK LIQUID, which typically has a solids content in the range of 27 to 31% by weight. Additional details of the silk amino acid blend can be found in Wendy W. Kim et al., U.S. Patent 4,906,460, incorporated herein by reference. A typical amino acid composition of CROSILK LIQUID is shown in the following table.

ACID AMINO PERCENTAGE BY WEIGHT Alanine 28.4 Glycine 34.7 Valina 2.0 Leucine 1.2 Proline 1.2 Tyrosine 0.6 Phenylalanine 0.9 Serina 15.4 Threonine 1.9 Arginine 1.5 Aspartic acid 4.7 Glutanic acid 4.1 Isoleucine 0.8 Lysine 1.4 Histinine 0.8 Cystine 0.1 Methionine 0.2 TOTAL 99.9

The present compositions may contain a viscosity-modifying solvent with a concentration of 0.1 to 5.0 weight percent, more preferably 0.5 to 4.0 weight percent. The viscosity modifying agent is an alcohol with the formula:

R -CH-R! 3

ORi where R ₁ = CH ₃ , CH ₂ CH ₃

R ₂ = ch ₃ , ch ₂ ch ₃

R ₃ = CH ₂ OH, CH ₂ CH ₂ OH;

and that it is preferably 3-methyl-3-methoxy-butanol.

3-Methyl-3-methoxy-butanol is commercially available from Sattva Chemical Company of Stamford, Connecticut and Kuraray Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.

The present composition can contain 0.1 to 4.0% of a protein selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzed animal collagen protein obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis, vegetable protein and hydrolyzed wheat protein, as well as mixtures thereof.

The present mild, non-ionic liquid detergents, such as dishwashing liquids, are readily made by simple methods of mixing available components which, by storage, do not adversely affect the total composition. However, it is preferable that the ingredients agent present, possible.

non-ionic surfactant solubilizers, before adding the water to the system, eg ethanol is mixed to avoid that of surfactant not with the se, ionic gelation is prepared by sequential addition with stirring of the anionic surfactant and the betaine to the non-ionic surfactant that was previously mixed with a solubilizing agent such as ethyl alcohol and / or sodium xylene sulfonate, to assist the solubilization of such surfactants, and then adding with stirring the amount of water in the formula, to form an aqueous solution of the nonionic surfactant system. The use of mild heating (up to 100 ° C) helps to change. da., percentage No clay or polymeric is added.

solubilization of surfactants. Viscosities are adjustable by active ingredients.

of thickening agent in these cases, the product made can be poured from within the total amount. In all, a bottle with a relatively narrow mouth (1.5 cm in diameter) and the viscosity of the detergent formulation will not be so low that it may resemble the from water. The desired viscosity for the detergent will be at least 100 centipoises (cps) at room temperature, but it can go up to 1,000 centipoises, as measured through a Brookfield viscometer, using spindle 2, running at 30 rpm. Their viscosity can be close to that of acceptable commercially known detergents on the market. The viscosity of the detergent and itself remain stable under storage for extended periods of time, without color changes and without settling any insoluble materials. The pH of this formation is substantially neutral for the skin, for example, it is 4.5 to 8 and preferably 5 to

5.5. The compositions of the present invention are optically transparent, that is, they have a light transmission of at least 95%, more preferably at least 98%.

These products have unexpected desirable properties. For example, the quality of the foam and the detersive property is equal to or better than that of ordinary mild liquid detergents, although they employ a nonionic surfactant as the main surfactant and minimal amounts of an anionic surfactant, thereby providing a mild, non-irritating, liquid detergent.

The following examples are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting it.

EXAMPLE 1

Ά B

CD

Cg-C alcohol. ^ ^{E0 8: 1} nonionic 1 19 19.0 19 SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE - - 4.0 6.0 Paraffin sulfonate C .. 14-17 5 7 2.0 - Alcohol C EO 2: 1 In Sulfate ^12-14 2.0 - - - - - - Dioctyl sulfosuccinate ester 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0 EDTA 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Cocoamidopropyl-betaine 5 5 5 5 Urea 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 Formalin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.10 Sodium bisulfite 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 perfume 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Water The perf The perf The perf The perf Miniplate assay 34 33 38 43 Vol. Broken foam ml 60 55 65 65 ml end 155 140 155 185 Foam and dishwashing point by hand 8 7 9 10 Viscosity, TA spindle # 2, 30 rpm, cps 300 350 280 400

Lisbon, July 1, 1994

Claims (5)

13.- Gentle liquid detergent, based on a surfactant, with high foaming power, which comprises, by weight, approximately (a) 10% to 30% of a selected non-ionic water-soluble surfactant within the group consisting of C-C alkanol condensates _the primary and secondary with 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, CC alkylphenol condensates with 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene loox, with a total alkylene oxide content weight ratio of 60% to 85% by weight, and condensates of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan esters of mono and tri-alkanoic acids ^c ^ ₀ ^-C 20 ^{with a} 8 to 15; (b) 1% to 10% of at least one water-soluble or dispersible surfactant selected from the group consisting of C-C-alkyl sulfates, alkyl o DC benzene sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates C -C_, 1 1U 2U C alpha-olefin, -Cl · sulfonates and alkyl ether · C -CL-sulfa- 10 24 ^ 8 18 ethoxylates; (Ç) 0.5% The 8% of a water-soluble betaine; (d) 0.5% The 8% of one sulfosuccinate ester dialkyl; and (and) Water The make up, as an aqueous medium in which the said nonionic surfactant, said anionic detergent, said dialkyl sulfosuccinate ester and said betaine are solubilized in said water. Liquid detergent composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises 1 to 15% by weight of a solubilizing agent selected from the group consisting of mono- and dihydroxy ^C 2 ^_C 3 'soluble salts in benzene sulfonate hydrotropes water substituted ^C 3 ^_C I ^and mixtures thereof. 3.- Liquid detergent composition according to Claim 2, characterized in that ethanol is present in an amount of 5% by weight, or less. 4. A liquid detergent composition according to Claim 2, characterized in that said nonionic surfactant is said primary C-C alkanol condensate with 5-30 moles of ethylene oxide. the lo Liquid detergent composition according to Claim 4, characterized in that said anionic detergent is selected from the group consisting of alkyl CC-sulfates, alkyl C -C ._-benzene sulfonates, 1216 1U 1D paraffin C, ,-Ç. -sulfonates and alpha-olefin C ._- C, -sulfo- 13 17 12 18 births. 63. The liquid detergent composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that said anionic detergent is a C-C. alkyl sulfate. -L 2 it 73. The liquid detergent composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a preservative. 83. A liquid detergent composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a color stabilizer. 93. The liquid detergent composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that it further includes a co-solubilizing agent of 0.5 to 8.0% by weight.