RO129941A2

RO129941A2 - Building system with bearing masonry without horizontal joints

Info

Publication number: RO129941A2
Application number: ROA201300267A
Authority: RO
Inventors: Dănuţ Mihai Grădinaru
Original assignee: Dănuţ Mihai Grădinaru
Priority date: 2013-05-17
Filing date: 2013-05-17
Publication date: 2014-12-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing masonry system for a storey structure building with ground floor and attic. According to the invention, the system relates to a bearing structure () having some joints with a slant of 45° and comprising some continuous concrete steel foundations (), some concrete steel corbels (), an AAC masonry consisting of some blocks (), some concrete steel window heads (), a floor () with a bearing structure of wooden floor boards, some non-bearing partition walls () made of plaster boards and some roof trusses () made of beam timber, rafters () and some tongs ().

Description

Invenția de refera la un sistem de zidărie portanta pentru o construcție cu regim de inaitime parter si mansarda tiara 8a se formeze rosturi orizontale, ci rosturi cu înclinație de 45°. Astfel, acțiunile seismice se descarcă uniform in toata secțiunea verticala a zidăriei; încărcările permanente, cvaslpermanente sl temporare se descarcă, deasemenea, uniform in toata secțiunea orizontala a zidăriei; nu sunt necesari sâmburi si centuri de beton armat; prezenta invenție prevede si realizarea unor pinteni de beton armat din fundații, pentru a nu exista rosturi continue orizontale intre fundații si zidărie.The invention refers to a load-bearing masonry system for a construction with ground floor height and the attic tiara 8a, horizontal joints are formed, but joints with a 45 ° inclination. Thus, the seismic actions are unloaded evenly throughout the vertical section of the masonry; permanent, almost permanent and temporary loads are also unloaded evenly throughout the horizontal section of the masonry; no pits and belts of reinforced concrete are required; The present invention also provides for the construction of reinforced concrete supports from foundations, so that there are no continuous horizontal joints between foundations and masonry.

Se cunosc mai multe sisteme constructive cu pereți portenti, pe care le prezentam mai jos.We know several construction systems with load-bearing walls, which we present below.

Cel mai răspândit sistem este cel cu zidărie portanta din 8.CA /cărămidă plina /caramida eficienta; la intersecțiile pereților se executa sâmburi de beton armat, iar la partea superioara a acestora se realizează centuri din beton armatThe most widespread system is the one with 8.CA load-bearing masonry / solid brick / efficient brick; at the intersections of the walls, reinforced concrete pipes are made, and at the top of them concrete belts are made

Exista, pentru structuri repetitive, soluția cu pereți prefabricați din beton armat utilizata In anii 1970 -1980 pentru blocurile de locuințe cu regim de inaitime P<-3E si PME; pereții prefabricați sunt realizați din beton armat cu termoizolatie din vata minerala la interior; după montarea la poziția corespunzătoare din proiect, la intersectiie pereților si la partea superioara a acestora se realizează monoliiizari din beton armatThere is, for repetitive structures, the solution with prefabricated reinforced concrete walls used In the years 1970 -1980 for the blocks of houses with regime of height P <-3E and SMEs; prefabricated walls are made of reinforced concrete with mineral wool insulation inside; after installation at the appropriate position in the project, at the intersection of the walls and at the top of them, monolayers of reinforced concrete are made

Recent in umna cu cativa ani, a fost implementat sistemul cu pereți din beton armat monolit turnat In coftaje prefabricate din polistiren expandat; la intersecțiile pereților si la partea superioara a acestora se prevede armatura de rezistenta; cofrajele sunt nerecuperabile, avand si rol de termolzolare a construcției.Recently in the umna a few years ago, the system with reinforced monolithic reinforced concrete walls was implemented In prefabricated moldings of expanded polystyrene; at the intersections of the walls and at the top of them the resistance armor is provided; the formworks are non-recoverable, having also the role of thermal insulation of the construction.

Pentru toate variantele prezentate, fundațiile sunt continue din beton armatFor all the variants presented, the foundations are continuous reinforced concrete

Soluțiile cunoscute in stadiul tehnicii au următoarele dezavantaje:The solutions known in the prior art have the following disadvantages:

- datorita elementelor de beton care sunt slabe izolatoare termice, este necesara termoizolarea pereților ia exterior cu polistiren expandat /extrudat sau vata bazaltica, aceasta operațiune Implicând manopera, materiale si implicit costuri suplimentare;- due to the concrete elements which are weak thermal insulation, it is necessary to insulate the walls and to the outside with expanded / extruded polystyrene or basalt wool, this operation involving labor, materials and implicitly additional costs;

- manopera si materialele necesare pentru realizarea structurilor de rezistenta respective si a termoizolaril acestora necesita costuri si durata de execuție ridicate.- the labor and the materials necessary for the realization of the respective resistance structures and of their thermal insulation require high costs and execution time.

Mai este cunoscut un procedeu prin care se elimina elementele de beton armat ale construcției: in 1995, In Brevetul de Invenție OSIM nr. 112373 B1 se prezinte Procedeul de armare si consolidare a zidăriilor cu grile sintetice’; se fundamentează armarea mortarului din rosturi sl camasuirea zidăriei perimetrele cu grile polimerice din polietilena de înalta densitate si rezistenta.There is also known a process by which the reinforced concrete elements of the construction are eliminated: in 1995, In OSIM Patent no. 112373 B1 presents the process of reinforcement and consolidation of masonry with synthetic grids'; the reinforcement of the mortar from joints is based and the masonry is replaced by the perimeters with polymeric grids of high density and resistant polyethylene.

Prezenta Invenție Isi propune sa asigure o structura de rezistenta din zidărie portanta care sa reducă dezavantajele asociate cu soluțiile din stadiul tehnicii.The present invention aims to provide a strength structure of load-bearing masonry that will reduce the disadvantages associated with the state-of-the-art solutions.

Obiectivul principal ai prezentei invenții este acela de a asigura o structura de rezistenta care sa micșoreze consumul de manopera sl materiale, precum sl durata de execuție, prin aceea ca nu se executa sâmburi si centuri de beton armat, necesari antiseismic la construcțiile cu zidărie portanta cu rosturi continue orizontale.The main objective of the present invention is to provide a structure of resistance that will reduce the labor consumption for materials, such as for the duration of the execution, by means of which no pipes and belts of reinforced concrete, antiseismic to the constructions with load-bearing masonry with horizontal continuous joints.

Acest obiectiv, care va reieși mai dar din cuprinsul următoarei descrieri detaliate a unor exemple de realizare preferate, prezentate doar cu titlu ilustrativ si nu limitativ, sunt atinse prin intermediul unei structuri de rezistenta pentru o construcție parter sl mansarda realizata din zidărie portanta cu doua tipuri de blocheti specifici prezentei invenții; zidaria cu aceste tipuri de blocheti este caracterizata prin aceea ca nu sa formează rosturi orizontale, d rosturi cu indinatie de 45°; astfel, acțiunile seismice se descarcă uniform in toata secțiunea verticala a zidăriei; încărcările permanente, cvasipermanente si temporare se descarcă, deasemenea, uniform in toata secțiunea orizontala a zidăriei; nu sunt necesari sâmburi si centuri de beton armat; la intersecțiile fundațiilor se executa pinteni de beton armat, pentru a nu rezulta rosturi continue orizontale intre fundații si zidărie; in acest fel, fundațiile si zidaria conlucrează la acțiunile seismice.This objective, which will emerge further from the following detailed description of some preferred embodiments, presented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes only, is achieved through a resistance structure for a ground floor sloping construction made of two types of load-bearing masonry. of blocks specific to the present invention; The masonry with these types of blocks is characterized by the fact that they do not form horizontal joints, d joints with 45 ° indignation; thus, the seismic actions are unloaded evenly throughout the vertical section of the masonry; permanent, quasi-permanent and temporary loads are also unloaded evenly throughout the horizontal section of the masonry; no pits and belts of reinforced concrete are required; at the intersections of the foundations, reinforced concrete spurs are executed, in order not to result in continuous horizontal joints between foundations and masonry; In this way, the foundations and the masonry cooperate in seismic actions.

intr-un exemplu preferat de realizare, pentru o locuința unifamiliala cu regim de inaitime parter si mansarda, se executa 4 casete Identice de fundații sl respectiv de zidărie, rezultând o construcție care respecta standardele de confort, este economica si ușor de realizat.In a preferred example of realization, for a single-family dwelling with ground floor and attic height, 4 identical boxes of sl foundations respectively of masonry are executed, resulting in a construction that respects the comfort standards, is economical and easy to achieve.

^2013-00267-1 7 -05- 2013^ 2013-00267-1 7 -05- 2013

Zidaria portanta cu pinteni de beton armat pentru conlucrarea cu fundația la acțiunile seismice, conform prezentei invenții, pretabila pentru a construcție parter si mansarda, prezintă următoarele avantaje, in raport cu stadiul cunoscut ai tehnicii In acest domeniu:The load-bearing masonry with reinforced concrete piers for working with the foundation on seismic actions, according to the present invention, suitable for the construction of ground floor and attic, has the following advantages, in relation to the known state of the art in this field:

- se elimina sâmburii si centurile de beton armat, cu toate etapele următoare: oofrare, armare, turnare beton, implicând manopera, materiale, transport si utilaje specifice;- the pebbles and reinforced concrete belts are eliminated, with all the following steps: drilling, reinforcement, pouring concrete, involving labor, materials, transport and specific machines;

- fațadele construcției nu necesita termosistem_e cu excepția pintenilor fundațiilor si bu land rugilor;- does not require thermal building facades with the exception of the fingers _is foundations and land bu prayers;

~ necesarul de btocheti se poate calcula cu exactitate in faza de proiectare, deoarece nu este~ the need for barrels can be accurately calculated in the design phase, because it is not

- se reduce substanțial timpul de execuție a construcției;- the construction execution time is substantially reduced;

- se reduc costurile structurii de rezistenta si a termoizolarii acesteia.- the costs of the resistance structure and its thermal insulation are reduced.

Se da in continuare un exemplu de realizare a sistemului, conform invenției in legătura cu fig.An example of a system embodiment according to the invention in connection with FIG.

...8 care reprezinte:... 8 which represents:

- fig. 1, vedere in perspectiva a structurii in totalitate, conform invenției;FIG. 1, perspective view of the structure as a whole, according to the invention;

- fig. 2, vedere in perspectiva a fundațiilor, a pintenilor pentru conlucrarea cu zidaria si a celor doua tipuri de btocheti de zidărie conform invenției;FIG. 2, perspective view of the foundations, of the spurs for working with the masonry and of the two types of masonry barrels according to the invention;

- fig. 3, vedere mărită a detaliului D din fig. 2;FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of detail D of FIG. 2;

- fig. 4, vedere in perspectiva a zidăriei, cu țeserea la intersecții;FIG. 4, perspective view of the masonry, with the weaving at intersections;

- fig. 5, vedere in perspectiva a înglobării dulapilor de lemn ai planseului in zidărie;FIG. 5, perspective view of the incorporation of the wooden cabinets of the slab in the masonry;

- fig. 6, vedere In perspectiva a zidăriei mansardei si a pereților de compartimentare neportanti;FIG. 6, perspective view of the attic masonry and the unimportant partition walls;

- fig. 7, vedere In perspectiva a zidăriei transversale;FIG. 7, perspective view of the transverse masonry;

- fig. 8, vedere in perspectiva a zidăriei longitudinale.FIG. 8, perspective view of the longitudinal masonry.

On exemplul de fata, infrastructura (1) este realizata din fundații continue elastice de beton armat, ce se vor dimensiona in funcție de natura terenului de fundare; se realizează la intersecțiile diafragmelor pinteni de beton armat (2) pentru a nu exista rosturi continue orizontale intre fundații si zktarte. Pintenii au secțiunile de 25cm x 25cm - pinten de colt, 25cm x 31 cm - pinten lateral, 31 cm x 31 cm - pinten central (vezi fig. 2); toii pintenii au inaltimea de 31 cm; pintenii se termolzoieaza la exterior cu vata bazaitica cu grosimea de 6 cm.On this example, the infrastructure (1) is made of continuous elastic reinforced concrete foundations, which will be dimensioned according to the nature of the foundation ground; it is made at the intersections of the spherical diaphragms of reinforced concrete (2) so that there are no continuous horizontal joints between the foundations and the zktarte. The spurs have sections of 25cm x 25cm - corner spur, 25cm x 31 cm - lateral spur, 31 cm x 31 cm - central spur (see fig. 2); all spines are 31 cm high; the spines are heated outside with basic cotton wool with a thickness of 6 cm.

Zidaria portanta se executa cu doua tipuri de btocheti de B.C.A. GBN35 (vezi fig. 3): blochetii (3) au secțiune triunghiulara cu catetele de 22cm si 31 cm in adâncime, iar blochetii (4) au secțiune pătrata 22cm x 22cm si 31cm In adâncime. Zidaria se tese la Intersecțiile pereților (vezi fig. 4). Rosturile zidăriei sunt de 3mm.The load-bearing masonry is executed with two types of barrels from B.C.A. GBN35 (see fig. 3): the blocks (3) have a triangular section with 22cm and 31 cm depths, and the blocks (4) have a square section 22cm x 22cm and 31cm deep. The masonry is woven at the intersections of the walls (see fig. 4). The masonry joints are 3mm.

Buiandnigii (5) se realizează din beton armat si se termoizoleaza la exterior cu vata bazaltica cu grosimea de 6 cm.Buiandnigii (5) is made of reinforced concrete and is insulated on the outside with basalt wool with a thickness of 6 cm.

Scara si pianseul peste parter se realizează din lemn; structura de rezistenta a planseului este clasica, formata din dulapi (6) (vezi fig. 5).The stairs and the pianse on the ground floor are made of wood; the resistance structure of the slab is classic, consisting of cabinets (6) (see fig. 5).

Pereții de compartimentare neportanti (7) (vezi fig. 6) se realizează din panouri gipscarton cu structura formata din profile de aluminiu sau lemn.The unimportant partition walls (7) (see fig. 6) are made of gypsum board with structure consisting of aluminum or wood profiles.

Șarpante se realizează clasic, cu cosoroaba (8), căpriori (9) si clești (10) din rigle de lemn, (vezi fig. 1).The frames are made classic, with the basket (8), deer (9) and pliers (10) made of wooden rulers (see fig. 1).

Blochetii (3) si (4), prevazuti conform invenției a se realiza din B.C.A. GBN 35, pot fi furnizați industrial la dimensiunile proiectate si pot fi utilizați pe scara larga la construcții cu regim de înălțime parter si mansarda.The blocks (3) and (4), provided according to the invention to be made from B.C.A. GBN 35, can be supplied industrially to the designed dimensions and can be widely used in buildings with ground floor and attic height.

Claims

claims

1. The bearing bracket made up of Uocheti (3) and (4) from S.C.A type GBN 35, characterized in that the joints have a 45 ° inclination; thus, the seismic actions are unloaded evenly throughout the vertical section of the masonry; Permanent, quasi-permanent and temporary incarnations are also unloaded evenly throughout the horizontal section of the masonry, thus no pipes and belts of reinforced concrete are required.

2. The reinforced concrete pits (2) provided at the intersections of the diaphragms of the foundations, characterized by the fact that the horizontal continuous joints between the foundations and the masonry begin, so the foundations and the masonry cooperate in the seismic actions.