RO133714A2 - Process and system for maximized photovoltaic collection of solar energy, to energize terrestrial vehicles, water vehicles and for other applications - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and a system for maximized photovoltaic collection of solar energy, in order to energize terrestrial vehicles, water vehicles and for other applications. According to the invention, the process involves the use of erecting subassemblies (2) with PV collecting modules which, during the energy collecting time, are automatically lifted over the surface of motor vehicles or other assemblies, the subassemblies being foldable and automatically tracking the incoming solar radiation direction in azimuth and elevation, with a view to maximize the energy collected from the Sun.

Description

PROCEDURE FOR THE PV / PHOTOVOLTAIC CAPTURE SYSTEM

MAXIMIZED SOLAR ENERGY FOR VEHICLE ENERGY

LANDS, VEHICLES ON WATER FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The technical field of the invention relates to the capture and conversion with PV / Photovoltaic, foldable / de-foldable collection and conversion systems, with the automatic search (tracking) of the solar radiation direction, respectively of the maximum solemnity, and arranged on vehicles, caravans, campers , range extenders, boats, and other items or objects, as well as in suitcases, boxes, suitcases and also for other applications. The invention relates to methods and systems, based on solar energy, captured PV on land vehicles, vehicles on water, other assemblies, terrestrial enclosures, enclosures on water. The energy obtained is used for driving the vehicles and / or for other consumption, as well as for delivery outside the vehicle.

The state of the art of technical solutions in these fields, first of all the use of PV on vehicles, is represented, worldwide, by a large number of developments and patents of invention, registered or approved. The state of the art is highlighted by solutions that place PV elements on vehicles in order to obtain electricity. For example, US Patent 8020646 B2, 2011, presents a car in which the PV elements were fixed flat on the bonnet, without following the direction of the sun. US 0297459 A1 shows a car fully covered with PV elements. US Patent 8020646 B2, 2011 discloses a car which, in stationary, can be transformed as a whole for the PV capture of solar energy. In order to illustrate the present invention, patents relating to erector systems are also relevant, namely the lifting of elements on a surface, patents such as: US 4194723, US 2625443, US 1859830, US 6792840 B2. The present invention utilizes 2D PV systems, respectively disposed on a surface, and 3D PV systems, respectively, with 3D spatial arrangement of PV modules. Within the present invention, the solar energy collectors are composed of 2D PV sub-assemblies and 3D 3D sub-assemblies, the latter consisting, in turn, of groups of PV 3D modules. Each 3D 3D group consists of 2 adjacent PV modules, one below the other vertically, arranged on the large side, at an angle of 90 ° between them. Extensive documentation about PV 3D captures and PV 3D subsystems is optional with the keywords "Photovoltaic 3D". Although the 2018 00097

15/02/2018 PV 3D sensors are present in the technical literature, they are not found in vehicle systems, neither in systems seeking the direction of solar radiation, nor in foldable or retractable systems.

The technical problem solved by the invention consists in the consistent increase, about 2 to more than 10 times the amount of energy captured PV in vehicles and other assemblies, so that, at the present energy efficiency, about 25% of PV modules, PV energy becomes viable for powering light electric vehicles (eg classes 6Le, 7Le), becomes viable for partial energization of large vehicles (classes Μ, N, water vehicles, boats and others), for the utilities of very large vehicles, water vehicles and to other ensembles etc.

The invention does not constitute a complement to systems with PV modules located on the surface of vehicles and / or other assemblies, elements, etc., but represents a new approach, development, invention, class of inventions, in a totally different conception from the state of the art: the invention performs 2D and PV 3D processes and systems, applied to land vehicles, vehicles on water, other objects, (1) by automatically lifting erectors, defined as subassemblies, which are raised, during the energy capture period, above the surface of the vehicle or other assemblies, and (2) they are foldable, retractable and (3) they carry out, on the vehicle or on another set, automatic tracking, in azimuth and elevation, of the steering. of the solemnity in order to maximize the energy collected from the sun.

The procedures and system according to the invention carry out the tracking of the radiation of the sun,, »» radiation with 3D PV systems, and in a different way from those with 2D PV systems.

The sun moves along a quasi-circular trajectory, a trajectory in an inclined plane with an angle correlated with the value of the geographical latitude of the place. For example, for zero latitude the inclination of this plane is 0 °, the radiation arrives on the ground at an angle of 90 °, for the latitude of 45 ° North, the inclination of this plane is 45 ° and the radiation, at its maximum moment, arrives on the ground below the angle of 45 °, for the latitude of 90 ° North, the radiation arrives on the ground at an angle of 0 °, respectively parallel to the ground. This inclined plan presents, depending on the given year, variations up to +/- 23.5 ° with respect to the latitude of the respective place. consequently, the processes and systems for maximizing the energy captured are required to respond, by the automatic rotation of the PV panels up to 180 °, for the solar displacement in azimuth, and of at least 2018 00097

15/02/2018 (the geographical latitude of the respective place +/- 23,5 °) for the solar displacement in the elevation.

The decrease of the efficiency of the capture of the solar energy according to the angle of deviation of the solar radiation from the vertical to the active surface of the PV modules, is presented in the following Table 1:

Angular deviation x The loss of captable energy due to the angular deviation of the direction of reception of solar radiation. 90 100% 80 82.7% 70 65.8% 60 50% 50 ° 35.8% 45 ° 29.3% 40 ° 23.4% 30 ° 13.4% 23.5 ° 8.3% 20 ° 6.1% 10 ° 1.6% 5 ° 0.4% 0 ° 0%

In order to maximize the captured energy, it is necessary to continuously reposition the active surface of the PV modules so that:

(a) in the case of 2D PV systems: maintain, during the travel of the Earth-globe, an angle of incidence of solar radiation, 90, ° with the active surface of the PV modules, (b) in the case of 3D PV systems: maintain, during the displacement of the earth globe, an angle of incidence of solar radiation, of 90, ° with the active surface of the conductive PV modules, of each group of 3D PVs consisting of 2 PV modules arranged adjacent, one below the other vertically, and intersected under an angle of 90 °, with the active PV part disposed on the face towards the outside of the angle of 90 °, starting from the tip of this angle towards its outside. The PV modules are composed of the sum of those modules of each PV 3D group, which are arranged in the part of the 2 modules, in the lower part of the 3D PV group, or, (b2) - in the case of the 3D PV systems: to be maintained, throughout displacement of the Earth's globe, the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the angle bisector of 2018 00097

02/15/2018 90 ° of the 2 adjacent PV modules, of each 3D PV group. The selection between (b1) and (b2) is made:

- depending on the geographical latitude, in the northern part the technical solution is preferable (b2), in the 45 ° latitude area and to the equator the technical solution is preferable (b1),

- depending on the characteristics of the components of the PV 3D system,

- depending on the characteristics of the environment of the capture, for example according to the ratio between the direct incidence energy and the energy received by diffusion.

The disclosure of the invention consists of the description:

(I.-) of the procedures for processing the solar energy in order to maximize the energy harvest and (II.-) of the system that achieves this maximization.

(I.-) THE PROCESSING PROCESSES THAT THE PRESENT INVENTION CONTAINS ARE IN:

(1) according to the technical solution of the invention, (a) the solar energy is received PV / photovoltaic and processed, (fig. 1), by elevation, to carry out the capture process, on the upper exterior of the land vehicles, on systems of extension of the range / extenderes, in the sense of increasing the transport possibilities, on the outside of the vehicles on water, respectively on the outside, and in multiple other applications, on other objects or assemblies, or by deploying from suitcases , luggages, enclosures, boxes, etc., of some erector sub-systems, which support the PV modules and carry out, by automatic movement of the PV modules, respectively the active surfaces of the PV modules, the tracking (tracking):

of the solar azimuth, by rotating these active PV surfaces, and of the solar elevation, by inclining these active PV surfaces, in the direction of the solar elevation, and in variant only by rotating after the azimuth of the direction of the solar radiation.

The tracking of the direction of the solemnity, respectively of the direction of the solar radiation, is realized as follows:

(a) when capturing PV type 2D:

• by arranging, for the PV 2D sub-assembly, by deploying, in the same plan as manner4 of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 PV panels, or PV blanket and their erection by the erector, regardless of the erector lifting and unfolding process, the erector lifting system, the erector construction method, ie • by automatic actuation of obtaining the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of the solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, actuation realized based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system of identifying the direction of solar radiation, sub-system arranged on the erector, parallel spatially with the PV modules, (b) when capturing the 3D type, respectively spatial, with 3D PV subsystems, raised and supported by the erector, regardless of the erector lifting process, regardless of the erector deployment process , regardless of the erector lifting system, regardless of how the erector is built, as follows:

(b1) • creation of 3D PV sub-systems, by deploying multiple groups of 3D PV, each consisting of 2 adjacent plan segments, one below the other vertically, intended for occupancy with PV modules, and which plan segments they are arranged as follows: the lower spatial position, within each PV 3D group consisting of 2 plane segments, at an angle of inclination of 45 °, with respect to the axis of the erector, and the second position perpendicular to the first, and at which In the position of the lower spatial plane segment, within each 3D 3D group, with the spatial orientation identical to that of the plan segment, the PV module or modules intended for this plane segment are installed and, in the position of the upper plane segment, they are installed:

- either a PV module (or several modules) identical to the one installed in the lower position,

- or an element of reflective material,

- or the position is left free to the air flow, and in which all the PV modules of the 3D PV groups, are installed with the active part outwards from the angle of 90 ° between each of the 2 plane segments, starting from the top of this angle, • and at which the automatic actuation obtains the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of each PV module disposed in the lower part of each PV 3D group, actuation performed on 2018 00097

15/02/2018 based on the evaluation of signals from subsystems identifying the direction of solar radiation, arranged on the erector, in parallel spatially with the lower PV modules, (b2) • realization, by folding, (fig.8), of 3D PV sub-systems consisting of parallel 3D 3D groups, consisting of adjacent, parallel PV modules, arranged one below the other vertically, at an angle of 90 ° between them, with the bisector of each group, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the erector, and • by automatic actuation of the rotation and inclination of the erector until the spatial coincidence between the direction of the solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules, of each group of 3D PV modules, based on the evaluation of the signals from the identification sub-system of the solar radiation direction is obtained , disposed on the erector, perpendicularly spatially to the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules of each group of 3D PV modules.

(c) and in which each erector subsystem, together with the PV modules supporting them, is, in version, foldable / foldable (fig. 2):

(c1) automatically, (c2) and separately, manually, (c3) and as a result of the monitoring / automation subsystem evaluation of signals from wind flow intensity sensors.

(2) The erector is automatically folded and / or manually separated, and alternatively it is automatically retracted and / or manually separated.

It can lift and orient including the entire roof of the car or parts of it.

(3) The technical solution to the unfolding of the PV modules placed on strips or covers covers the 2D and 3D folding respectively. In the case of 2D PV systems the maximum energy harvest is obtained based on controlling the incidence of solar radiation at an angle of 90 ° in relation to the surface of the PV modules.

In the case of 3D PV systems, realized by unfolding the PV modules placed on strips or blankets, the driving and displacement of the erector, respectively of the active surface of the PV modules, is realized, depending on the geographical latitude, in 2 ways:

(a) driving the erector based on the spatial orientation of each lower PV module, within each 3D 3D group of 2 adjacent modules, arranged at 90 ° to each other, one below the other vertically. Lower PV modules become 2018 00097 lead modules

15/02/2018 fyO sensors and, as a result, sensors for identifying the position of the sun are located on sub-systems parallel to the lower PV modules.

(b) driving the erector based on the spatial orientation of the bisector between the two PV modules, within each 3D 3D group of 2 adjacent modules, arranged at 90 ° with respect to each other, one below the other vertically. The bisector becomes the leading reference element and, as a result, the sensors for identifying the position of the sun are located on sub-systems perpendicular to the bisector between the modules of the 3D PV group.

(4) The technical solution creates the erector from parallel shears in multiple X, to which the PV modules are arranged, vertically on the surfaces generated by the shears in multiple X, and performs 2D and 3D folding respectively.

In the case of 3D PV systems, realized by unfolding the PV modules by using parallel scissors in multiple X, the driving and displacement of the erector, respectively of the active surface of the PV modules, is realized, depending on the geographical latitude, in 2 ways:

(a) driving the erector based on the spatial orientation of each lower PV module, within each 3D 3D group of 2 adjacent modules, arranged at 90 ° with respect to each other, one below the other vertically. The lower PV modules become conductive modules and, as a result, the sensors for identifying the position of the sun are located on sub-systems parallel to the lower PV modules.

(b) driving the erector based on the spatial orientation of the bisector between the two PV modules, within each 3D 3D group of 2 adjacent modules, arranged at 90 ° to each other, one below the other vertically. The bisector becomes the leading reference element and, as a result, the sensors for identifying the position of the sun are located on sub-systems perpendicular to the bisector between the modules of the 3D PV group.

with the lower PV and 3D PV mode based on the bisector between the modules and achieves the optimization of the energy harvest by obtaining the incidence of the active PV surfaces with the solar radiation direction, and at the 3D PV driven by the bisectors, the spatial coincidence between the angle bisector direction between 2 adjacent modules. arranged at 90 ° and the direction of solar radiation.

to 2018 00097

15/02/2018 (6) Introducing the spatial restrictions of the erector's inclination is necessary to eliminate the interference between the erector's extension space and prohibited spaces, such as those intended for traffic, etc. and it is realized by the preselected control, by the automation system, of the inclination of the erector between accepted limits for each zone.

(7) The process of adaptive protection of the erector to the wind aggression automatically, intrinsically, adaptively, proportional to the wind speed, modification of the slit section, formed from PV elements and provided for the transfer of the wind flow. After the wind flow disappears, the PV elements return to the capture positions.

(8) The process for constructing the erector, of the type consisting of multiple X parallel shears, with 2D or PV 3D modules includes the production phases of the PV sensor systems using erectors, of the multiple X parallel shears, for the purpose of tracking. in the direction of the sun.

(II.-) THE SYSTEM THAT MAKES THE MAXIMIZATION OF THE ENERGY CAPTAIN.

(9) The main components of the capture system are: the erector and its attachments, the erector's folding / folding system, the erector's motherboard, the erector's tilting system, the erector's rotating turret, the folding drive subsystems / erector deployment, erector rotation, tilt erector, sun position identification subsystems, automation subsystems, folding enclosures, wind speed sensors, proximity sensors, automation subsystem, energy takeover subsystem captured electrical. .

(10) By the process of unfolding, the cover or the strip of PV modules 2D or of PV modules 3D, it is implied, by implication, the inclination of the lower PV modules under the angle of 45 ° with respect to the axis of the erector, respectively the perpendicularity of the bisector between the 3D PV modules on the axis erector. The controlled inclination of the erector, at predetermined times, during the capture, in order to track the solar elevation, is achieved with a minimum of + / 23.5 °.

(11) The erector of the type X parallel scissors implicitly places the PV modules at the angles generated by the parallel scissors in multiple X, these having the multiple role: (a) folding / unfolding, (b) the implicit, intrinsic placement of the PV modules, arranged perpendicular to each other, in pairs, at the angles resulting from unfolding the parallel shears in multiple X, (c) tilting the groups of PV modules, (d) rotating the groups of PV modules.

(12) Obtaining the controlled tilt of the erector modules in case of scissors use 2018 00097

15/02/2018 their parallel in X multiple, is realized by:

(a) the inclination of the base plate, on which the base of the erector is fixedly fixed to the surface of the turret, for which purpose, the base plate is actuated, between the turret and the base plate, by a linear displacement system, (b) or , alternatively, by modifying the extension of the erector, which changes the angles generated by it.

(13) The interpretation and practical application, within the system, of the spatial restrictions of the erector's displacement, are performed by the automation subsystem such that:

(a) on the unrestricted spatial portions: the inclination of the erector is made with the optimum angle necessary, at that moment, to maximize the energy level captured, (b) on the spatial portions that include restricted areas: the inclination of the erector is made, with the optimal angle necessary to maximize the level of energy captured, reduced to the limit imposed by the restriction conditions, and at which the limits are preset, at the parking lot, by the driver of the vehicle, before the unfolding, and introduced, digitally, by means of communication with the automation system, within the templates present on the system computer.

(14) The practical protection of the system, in fact of the erector and its attachments, to the wind aggression is achieved by allowing the rotation of some PV modules, based on their connection, through hinges, around axes, in order to allow the automatic opening and augmentation of new sections / paths for the wind flow and with the return of the sub-modules or portions of modules, in an elastic, forced way, after the disappearance of the pressure level of the wind flow, in the position of capture, namely by the action of the springs, as well as by other technical solutions .

(15) Ensuring the erector's stability and constructive robustness is achieved by its elastic anchorage of the support base plate as well as by other technical solutions.

(16) In order to increase the extension space on vehicles, of the erector, on vehicles, the erector is installed eccentrically on its base plate.

(17) The electricity collection from the capture system is carried out separately, for each chain of PV capture modules with the same lighting and shading conditions. Application of light and shading management, consisting of the fact that PV elements connected in the chain and oriented in the same direction, and under the same conditions post 2018 00097

15/02/2018 The shading bays are individually connected separately to the MPP sub-systems specific to that PV chain, which debit the energy to the voltage equalization sub-systems specific to that PV chain, connected to the collection bar in c.c. of electricity.

(18) The electrical sub-system of the capture system realizes, at the necessary times, the exchange of energy with the public network, in the sense that, the public network charges the system's batteries, in the absence of solar radiation, and the PV system charges energy, in the public network, when parked and the batteries are fully charged.

(19) The sub-system of automation and monitoring of the PV System with dynamic tracking acts the folding / unfolding of the erector, the inclination and rotation of the rector, the preservation of the extension space, the processing of the signals from the sun position, wind intensity and position sensors. and elaboration of cyclic commands, based on the tracking algorithm, rotation and inclination of the erector.

(20) Multiple integration of PV sensors with tracking on the same vehicle is based on:.

- the arrangement of the PV collectors within the existing dimensions of the vehicle roof, and / or

- by increasing the folding and retraction of the capture systems, including:

• extending the length and width of the folding and retracting enclosure, and / or • by modifying the vehicle's architecture, by increasing the dimensions of the front and / or rear sections of the vehicle.

The way in which the invention can be exploited industrially is extremely vast and beneficial: for energizing light, light to medium vehicles, accumulators on large systems, land and water vehicles, ensuring transport to work and tourism, energy service to farms, of irrigation and many other applications, namely at cost, after depreciation of the investment, void.

The advantages of the invention consist in:

- achieving an exceptionally favorable response to the energy requirements of transport, farms, irrigation, users of renewable energy (prosumers) and an extremely large number of other applications,

- space saving,

- costs, null, after amortization of the investment, reduced costs of the tracking system of the solar radiation direction, reduced costs of the investment, of 2018 00097

02/15/2018

- installation including on vehicles,

- eliminating frequent self-shading possibilities for captive configurations,

- reduced weight,

- foldability,

- high energy efficiency:

as a result of the control of the direction of the sun, the efficiency of the capture increases by about 50%, so about 1.5 times, an increased surface of capture, of about 2 to more than 4 times, by unfolding on the external surface of the vehicle, leads to an increase of energy harvest by over 300%, so 3 times, therefore the harvest increases by more than 4.5 times, the use of a single erector. By using 3 erectors the crop increases over 10 times.

The realization according to the invention delivers, for an area of 2m ² raised by the erector, oriented automatically, to the sun, and at the PV efficiency of about 25%, about 0.5 kW, and for 3 erectors per vehicle, about 1.5 kW. In 8 hours of solemnization, they obtain over 12 kWh / day. Considering that it consumes about 400 Wh for each start and about 200 Wh per Km traveled in the plan, it results, for about 10 starts, the possibility of traveling about 40 Km, enough for a job at 20 Km. Compared to the Toyota Prius solution, which does not use the direction of the sun nor the folding, and which realistically offers about 120 W, the technical solutions according to the invention obtain an increase of the energy quantity more than 10 times, sufficient to satisfy the energy requirements for the individual movements, at work, hundreds of thousands of commuters,

- the possibility of giving up fossil fuels and eliminating pollution, the possibility of obtaining a sufficient amount of energy to carry out the necessary transport and other benefits.

Brief presentation of each figure in the explanatory drawings:

Fig. 1. Presentation of the arrangement process on the upper outer surface of a vehicle, (1), PV collector, (2), solar radiation, unfolded collector, following the direction of solar radiation, by rotating about the vertical axis, (4) , for the control of the azimuth and by inclining around the horizontal axis, (3), for the control of the sun's elevation.

Fig. 2. Presentation of the arrangement process on the upper outer surface of a vehicle, (1), a folded PV sensor, (2), according to fig.1.

to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

Fig. 3. Deployment on the outer, upper surface of a vehicle of a 2D PV structure and its orientation in the direction of solar radiation: (2) represents the subsystem located on the vehicle, including the erector, the capture PV elements, (8), the turret, (10) , for rotating the erector.

Fig. 4. The unfolding on the outer, upper surface of a vehicle of a 3D PV structure of the type with seats for PV modules and its orientation in the direction of solar radiation. (2) represents the subsystem located on the vehicle, including the erector, (8) the capture PV elements, (10) the turret rotating the erector. The system includes automatic tilting of the erector, detailed in the following drawings.

Fig. 5. Details of (fig. 4): (5) represents the direction of the solenoid, (11) represents perpendicular to the surface of the PV modules, wished to coincide with the direction of the solenoid, (12) represents the angle between the unfolded element of support of the PV modules, angle of 90 °, when unfolding, and which is automatically modified by the inclination process, in order to coincide with the spatial direction of the bisector with the direction of the sun, (13) an angle equal to 45 °. Fig. 6. Structure of 3D PV groups, each group being made up of 2 PV modules, one below the other on height, arranged at 90 ° between them, with the active surfaces in the direction of solar radiation. The orientation of the PV sub-system is based on its management considering the PV modules at the bottom of each 3D PV group as conductive modules, due to the fact that the sensors for identifying the sun's position are mounted in parallel with the conductive PV modules. (2) represents the subsystem located on the vehicle, including the erector, (8) the capture PV elements, (10) the turret rotating the erector.

Fig. 7. Details of FIG. 6: (5) represents the direction of the solution, (11) represents perpendicular to the surface of the PV modules, desired to coincide with the direction of the solution. (8) represent the conductive modules, parallel to the subsystem for identifying the direction of solar radiation.

Fig. 8. The unfolding on the outer, upper surface of a vehicle of a PV 3D structure formed by groups of 3D 3D of 2 PV modules each, arranged at 90 ° between them and at 45 ° with respect to the axis of the erector, and with the steering, by actuating the rotation and tilting the erector, so that the parallel 3D bisectors of each PV 3D group have a spatial direction that coincides with the direction of solar radiation. The system guides the bisector of groups of 3D PV modules. (2) represents the subsystem located on the vehicle, including the erector, (8) the capture PV elements, (10) the turret (10) rotating the erector.

to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

Figure 9. Detail of the PV 3D group, from fig. 8, and consists of 2 PV modules arranged successively, vertically, one below the other, and at 90 ° between them. (5) represents the direction of the solar radiation and the bisector between the PV modules, which wish to coincide spatially. (11) represents the angle between the PV modules.

Fig.10. Method and system in which the entire roof with PV modules, (8), of the vehicle (1) becomes PV collector. The lifting of the roof is carried out, for example, with an erector of the type X parallel scissors, located on a base plate, not shown in this drawing and visible in the following drawings. The base plate is placed on a rotating turret (10), turret, against which the base plate can be tilted. The part of the roof not moved (16) is also covered with PV modules. Fig.11. (a) Side view sub-assembly of folded 2D PV modules. (8) PV panels, (17) flexible interconnecting elements between panels, (18) the folding, unfolding tape, connected to each module or PV component assembly, which folds with the erector folding and unfolds with the erector folding. (b) Front view sub-assembly of folded 2D PV modules.

Figure 12. (a) Side view sub-assembly of folded 3D PV modules. (8) PV modules, (17) elastic connection between 3D 3D groups, (18) folding, unfolding band, which contributes to ensuring and maintaining the 90 ° angle between each 2 modules of the 3D 3D group. b) Front view sub-assembly of folded 2D PV modules. When unfolding, each of the 2 modules, of the same group, are arranged under the angle (19), 90 °. (20) The lower mode, within the 3D PV group.

Figure 13. A segment for the realization of the 2-segment X group, component of the multiple X lift scissors. (21) The basic segment of the construction of parallel shears in multiple X. (22) Holes for joints for connection to axles or for connection with other segments or for connection and with axes and other segments.

Figure 14. Making a group in X-scissors consisting of 2 segments.

Figure 15. Creation of a lifting subsystem consisting of multiple X shears. Fig.16. Realization of a lifting subsystem consisting of 2 parallel scissors in multiple X.

Fig.17. Generation by parallel scissors in multiple X of the plans for the placement of modules of the 3D PV groups, each consisting of 2 modules arranged at 90 °. (23) The lower surface generated by the parallel shears in multiple X. (24) The upper surface generated by the parallel shears in multiple X.

to 2018 00097

2/15/2018% 'Λ

Fig.18. Profile view (side part) of the scissors! parallel in multiple Xs supporting 3D PV groups, in case the solar radiation reaches 45 ° and the erector is vertical. (8) PV modules on the lower positions of the 3D 3D group, (25) PV modules on the upper positions of the 3D 3D group.

Figure 19. Profile view (side part) of the multiple X parallel scissors supporting 3D PV groups for the case of 45 ° geographical latitude and in which the solar radiation arrives at (45 ° -23.5 °) and the erector, in order to give the direction of the solar radiation bends -23.5 °. (8) PV modules on the lower positions of the 3D 3D group, (25) PV modules on the upper positions of the 3D 3D group.

Fig.20. Profile view (side part) of the multiple X parallel scissors supporting 3D PV groups for the case of 45 ° latitude, where the solar radiation arrives at (45 ° + 23.5 °) and the erector, in order to tune in the direction of solar radiation, inclines + 23.5 °. (8) PV modules on the lower positions of the 3D 3D group, (25) PV modules on the upper positions of the 3D 3D group.

Fig.21. Automatic control of the increase of the sections granted to the wind flow transfer. (a) (26) resistors, created by the system, in the path of the wind flow. (a) (27) the default opening of the wind flow discharge slit automatically.

Figure 22. The main components of the system for PV / photovoltaic capture of solar energy, for integral or partial supply of electricity, land vehicles, water vehicles, and other objectives. (31) sensors of the position of the sun and of the intensity of the wind flow, (30) elements of the erector, (8) components of the subsystem PV 3D, (29) the support plate of the erector, provided with the possibility of automatic tilt in relation to the turret (10 ).

Fig.23. Erector made with multiple X-parallel shears, used on vehicles, on the systems for extending the length of the road and in applications.

Fig.24. Capture system with erector made with parallel shears in multiple X, according to (fig. 23). (2) erector unit with base plate and turret, (10) rotary turret, (29) base plate, integral with the erector, (30) erector consisting of multiple X parallel shears, complete with PV modules, mounted on the plate base, (31) sun position sensors, (32) turret base plate movable anchor group, (33) parallel X-fold folding / shear actuators, (34) the action of removing one end of the baseplate from the turret, respectively of tilting the baseplate towards the turret.

to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

Fig. 25. Details of some elements (fig. 24), with the presentation of the elastic anchoring elements. (35) additional motherboard, (36) shock absorbers, (37) shock absorbers inserted on anchorage cables.

Fig. 26. Partial view of the lateral erector. (38) a linear guide element, by sliding between the guides, of each of the 2 front (or front) terminals of the multiple X parallel shears, the other 2 terminals being connected, by rotating joints, to the base plate.

Fig. 27. Structure of electrical operation of the system: (8) PV modules, (39) PV module chain with the same spatial orientation, (40) PV module chain with another spatial orientation with respect to the chain (39). (41), (43) MPP (Maximum PowerPoint Control), (42), (44), (46), (48) voltage equalizers, (45), (47), MPP (Maximum PowerPoint Control) for power from PV modules with a location other than sun direction tracking systems, (49) AC voltage rectifier from the public electricity network, (50) voltage adapter at the voltage level of the collector bars, (51) converter c.c. / c.a. for transmission of energy to the public network, (52) protections and connector for delivery to the public network, (53) control device for charging the batteries, (54) connector and protections for the delivery of energy in

c.c., to the outside of the vehicle.

Fig. 28. The method of realizing, by the adaptive opening of slots, the devices of protection against the wind aggression, (8) portions of PV modules or sub-modules, (57) the frame of mounting the portions of PV modules or sub-modules, realized, for example, on the segments of the parallel shears in multiple X, (58) hinges or elements that allow mobility between the PV sub-module and the side of the frame, (59) springs.

Fig. 29. Installation of multiple PV systems, dynamically oriented in the direction of the sun, (a) on vehicles, (b) on boats, (c) modification of the vehicle architecture and storage facilities of the capture systems so that a large number are deployed of erectors (2), provided with PV modules (8) or with 3D PV groups.

The detailed presentation of the subject matter of the invention describes the technical solutions of the processes and systems for maximizing PV capture of solar energy, on land vehicles, on water vehicles or other equipment, namely:

at the level of efficiency offered by the usual PV elements, with average and respectively low costs, under the weight restrictions, under the extension restrictions regarding the usable space, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 QxJ with light and shadow management, with protection against wind aggression.

Fig. 30. Details of the subsystem for identifying the direction of the solar radiation and of the geometric plane that characterizes it: (61) the box of the subsystem for the detection of the direction of the solar radiation, (62) 2 groups of photodiodes for the detection of the solar elevation, through the illumination difference between the 2 photodiode groups, (63) photodiode groups for detecting solar azimuth, by the illumination difference between the 2 photodiode groups, (64) the geometric plane of the subsystem for identifying the direction of solar radiation:

(a) if the management of the capture system is based on the maximization of the energy captured by the lower module: the geometric plane of the sub-system for identifying the direction of solar radiation is identical to the geometric plane of the lower PV module, from each 3D PV group consisting of 2 PV modules, (b) in case the management of the capture system is based on the maximization of the symmetrically captured energy, by both PV modules, arranged at 90 °, between them, of each 3D PV group consisting of 2 PV modules : the geometrical plane of the subsystem for identifying the direction of solar radiation is perpendicular to the angle bisector between the 2 modules, arranged at 90 °, of each PV 3D group.

The detailed presentation of the technical solutions that are the subject of the invention consists of:

L Presentation of procedures and

II. Presentation of the systems.

L_The detailed presentation of the technical solutions subject to the invention: the processes. The usual PV elements refer primarily to mono-crystalline type PV on aluminum foil support, thin film type PV, and secondly, to any type of PV elements having low weight.

(1) according to the technical solution of the invention, (a) the solar energy is received PV / photovoltaic and processed, (fig. 1), by elevation, to carry out the capture process, on the upper exterior of the land vehicles, on systems of extension of the range / extenderes, on the outside of vehicles on water, and on the outside of multiple objects or assemblies, of erector sub-systems (2), with folding lift, supporting PV modules and which performs by the automatic displacement of the PV modules, respectively of the active surfaces of the PV modules, the automatic tracking (tracking) of the solar azimuth, by means of the 2018 00097

15/02/2018 drawing along the axis (4) of these active PV surfaces, and of the solar elevation, by inclining these active PV surfaces, following the direction of the solar elevation, and in variant only by rotating after the azimuth direction of the solar radiation. The tracking of the direction of the solemnity, respectively of the direction of the solar radiation, is realized as follows:

(a) when capturing PV type 2D, (fig. 3):

• by arranging, in succession, unfolding, in the same plane, the PV modules or the PV cover and lifting them by the erector, (8), irrespective of the erection lifting and unfolding process, the erector lifting system, by the erector's construction mode, and • by automatically actuating the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, actuated based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub- the system of identification, arranged on the erector, of the direction of solar radiation, in parallel spatially with the PV modules, (b) when capturing PV of 3D type, respectively spatial, with subsystems PV 3D, raised and supported by the erector, regardless of the lifting process of the erector, regardless of the method of folding the erector, regardless of the erector lifting system, regardless of how the erector is built, as follows:

(b1) • making 3D PV sub-systems, (fig.4), (fig.5), (fig.6), (fig.7), (fig.17), by deploying multiple 3D PV groups, made up of 2 plane segments, adjacent, one below the other vertically, perpendicular to each other, intended for their occupancy with PV modules, and which plane segments are arranged as follows: the lower spatial position, within each group, at an angle of 45 ° inclination with respect to the axis of the erector, and at which, at the position of the lower spatial plane segment, the PV module or modules intended for this position are installed, with the spatial orientations identical to that of the plane segment, and in the upper position, they are installed:

- either a PV module (or several modules) identical to the one installed in the lower position,

- or an element of reflective material,

- or the position is left free to the air flow, and in which all the PV modules of the 3D PV groups, are installed with the active part pointing outwards at an angle of 90 ° between each of the 2 plane segments, respectively towards the concave part of the 3D 3D group , to 2018 00097

15/02/2018 • and where the automatic actuation of the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules from the lower part of each 3D 3D group, is performed on basis of the evaluation of signals from subsystems identifying the solar radiation direction, arranged on the erector, in parallel spatially with the PV modules from the lower positions, (b2) • the realization, by unfolding, (fig.8), of PV subsystems 3D consisting of parallel 3D PV groups, consisting of adjacent, parallel PV modules, arranged at an angle of 90 ° between them and one below the other vertically, with the bisector of each group, arranged perpendicularly on the axis of the erector, • by automatic rotation and tilting the erector until the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules, of each group of PV modules is obtained 3D, based on the evaluation of signals from the sub-system for identifying the direction of solar radiation, disposed on the erector, in a spatial perpendicular to the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules of each group of 3D PV modules.

(c) and in which each erector subsystem, together with the PV modules supporting them, is, in version, foldable / foldable (fig. 2):

(c1) automatically, (c2) and separately, manually, (c3) and as a result of the monitoring / automation subsystem evaluation of signals from wind flow intensity sensors.

(2) The erector is automatically folded and / or manually separated, and alternatively it is automatically retracted and / or manually separated (fig.2), in:

(I) an enclosure disposed on the roof of the vehicle, or (II) on the roof of the vehicle, or (III) on the roof of the vehicle, or (IV) in movable parts, of the roof of the vehicle, and which parts, alternatively, are covered with elements / PV modules, or (V) in a suitcase, suitcase, crate, box, (VI) and, alternatively, fig. 10, the erector lifts the entire roof, with PV modules, (8), the vehicle, or portions of of the roof of the vehicle, which it guides after the azimuth and, in version, inclines after the elevation of the solar radiation, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 and at which the portion of the roof that remains unopened (16), and is illuminated, is covered with modules, and at which, after folding the PV modules, from the roof remaining visible to solar radiation, are kept active.

(VII) in mixed configurations of configurations (I) to (VI).

(3) The technical solution for the unfolding of the PV modules placed on strips or blankets. The PV modules erected by the erector or erectors, regardless of the erector method or system of the erector or erectors, are constructively located on folding / folding elements, such as strips of folding material (18), or elements and materials that can be folded in the form of harmonic, or elements that can be folded on rollers / drums, where:

(a) for 2D PV systems:

- lifting the erector positions, when unfolding and by unfolding, successively and adjacent, PV modules in 2D mode, under the 180 ° angle between 2 adjacent modules, (fig. 11), or PV covers, and

- in which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination displacements, in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° between the direction of solar radiation and the active surface of the PV modules, based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system with sensors, spatially arranged, parallel to the plane of the active faces of the PV modules, (b) for 3D PV systems:

(b1) • in which the erector lift positions, at the fold and by fold, adjacent groups of PV 3D modules, each consisting of 2 adjacent modules, one below the other vertically,

- in which the groups with modules and respectively the modules are connected within the group on the folding / unfolding band, (fig. 11), successively, one after the other, as in the unfolding, the arrangement of the 2 PV modules of a 3D 3D group , it is realized from an angle of 90 °, and the active part of the modules is directed to the sunny area,

- to which the modules are connected within each group on the support strips of the subassembly with PV modules, by fastening elements, folding, or by fixing on the folding / unfolding band, so that, when unfolding, the intersection between each of the 2 PV modules, adjacent to each 3D PV group, are kept at an angle of 90 ° (fig.

12), to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

- in which the modules called inferior are those that are arranged spatially in each group 3D PV, in the lower part of the group and have the active surface inclined 45 ° with respect to the axis of the erector, • in which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination of the erector, in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° between the direction of solar radiation and the active surface of the lower PV modules, within each group of 2 3D PV modules, based on the estimation of the position of the sun, by evaluating the signals from the sensor sub-system, arranged spatially parallel with each lower PV module within the 3D PV groups, (b2) positions, when unfolding and by folding the erector, successively and adjacent groups of 3D PV modules, each consisting of 2 adjacent PV modules, arranged at 90 ° between them , and oriented with the active part to the outside of the angle of 90 °, respectively to the concavity of this angle,

- to which the modules are connected within each group on the support strips of the subassembly with PV modules, by mechanical fastening elements, folding, or by fixing on the folding / unfolding band, so that, when unfolding, the intersection between each of the 2 adjacent PV modules of each 3D 3D group should be made from a 90 ° angle (fig. 12),

- and at which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination of the erector, in order to obtain the spatial coincidence between the solar radiation direction and the bisector of each group of 3D PV modules, by evaluating the position of the sun, based on the signals received from the sub-system with photovoltaic sensors. , arranged spatially perpendicular to the bisector of the PV 3D group.

(4) The technical solution for the erection and erection of the erector based on parallel X-shears.

The erector is made:

(a) with a system of lifting shears parallel in X multi-plies (fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 18, fig. 19, fig. 20) , having an angle of 90 ° between the segments of each X, where each parallel shear in multiple X is formed by two or more shears in multiple X, interconnected in parallel, by horizontal axes, which allow rotation of each of the two segments, forming X that, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 (b) and in which the segments that form the parallel shears in X multiple generate implicitly (fig.17), when unfolding surfaces that intersect under a predetermined angle, determined by:

- the height of the erector, resulting from the folding,

- the dimensions of the shear segments in X, (c) and at which the PV modules are located and fixed on the surfaces generated by the parallel shears in X multiple, successively, one below the other, with the active side face to face, and to the 90 ° angle formed between the 2 modules of the PV 3D group, in pairs, on 2 neighboring, perpendicular surfaces generated by the erector, (c) and where, within the parallel shears in multiple X, the inclination of the modules perpendicular to each other of the 3D PV groups , takes on folding, intrinsically, implicitly, identically, respectively with the same value, the inclination angles of the surfaces generated, when unfolding, by the erector, (g) and at which it is predetermined, by the way of unfolding and construction of the scissors in Multiple X, 90 ° angle, between the 2 modules of a 3D PV group.

(5) The technical solution for the inclination of the erector.

Regardless of how the erector is built and regardless of how the erector lift is operated, with multiple X parallel shears or other types of lifting subsystems or procedures:

(a) changing the inclination angle of the 2D PV modules, with a view to the 90 ° incidence of the active PV surface with the direction of the solar elevation, is done by inclining the erector, by (b1) changing the inclination angle of the PV 3D modules, to the PV 3D systems , granted in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° of the active PV surface with the direction of the solar elevation, it is realized by inclining the erector, (b2) changing the inclination angle of the 3D PV groups, in order to coincide the direction of the solar radiation with the angle bisector between the 2 PV modules , arranged at 90 °, of each PV 3D group, is made by tilting the erector, and, in version, to type X multiple parallel scissors, for cases (b1) and (b2) by folding / compressing, respectively folding / extension, the erector of the type scissors parallel in X multiple, respectively, by modifying the adjacent angle, initially preset to 90 °, between the 2 PV modules of each PV 3D group.

to 2018 00097

15/02/2018 / flf (6) Introducing the spatial constraints of the erector's inclination.

In the process of capturing solar energy, the 3D space, in which the elevated sub-system, respectively the erector, is rotated, on vehicles or other objects, is controlled, by controlling, by the automation sub-system, the inclination of the erector, differently, on each side and area of the vehicle, such as:

(a) on the unrestricted spatial portions: the inclination of the erector is realized, with the optimal angle necessary to maximize the energy level captured, (b) on the spatial portions that are restricted: the inclination of the erector is realized, with the optimal angle possible to maximize the level of energy. energy captured, subject to compliance with the restriction that the vertical projection of the complete erector, with PV modules and attachments, be included in the acceptable dimensions, as a result of the restriction, horizontally, of the vehicle, or in a prescribed limitation area, as a result of the restriction.

(7) Technical solutions for protection against wind aggression.

The protection of the capture system, respectively of the erector and of the components fixed thereon, at the action of the wind factor, is achieved by applying one or more of the following procedures:

(a) automatic control by the measurement and automation system, when exceeding the limit imposed for the wind flow speed, automatic folding of the complete erector, and in version of the retraction of the complete erector, (b) adaptive modification by intrinsic, implicit increase under the action the value of the wind intensity, (fig.21), of the section, (27), opened by the wind flow and allocated to the passage of the air flow, respectively of the section of the slots intended for the transfer of the wind flow, namely in a relation of proportionality between the wind pressure and the increase the section of transfer of the wind flow and with the force, after the disappearance of the wind danger, of the elastic return, of the PV modules, in the position of capture, (c) by inserting elastic elements in the erector support as well as in the anchor cables of the erector of the plate erector support.

(8) The process for constructing the erector of the type X parallel shears in multiple X, with PV 3D modules, respectively for the production of the capture system. The constructive construction of the erector, of the type consisting of multiple X parallel scissors, with 3D PV modules, is carried out by:

1.) - fixing the PV modules on segments of the planes that will be generated by the parallel scissors in multiple X, alternatively, each PV module on a generated plane to 2018 00097

15/02/2018 Parallel shears in multiple X, and each adjacent module next, with the active part in the opposite direction, compared to the previous PV module, on the next plane, generated by the parallel shears in multiple X, installation made by installing one PV module on 2 segments, parallel to an X,

2.) - the joining of the geometric plane segments equipped with PV modules, so as to form 3D PV groups, consisting of 2 PV modules, which in the folded state are, from the point of view of the active PV part, face to face, and in unfolded condition, positioned at an angle of 90 °,

3.) - construction of the erector from the 3D PV groups, consisting of segments and PV modules,

4.) - installation on the erector of the annexes: solar radiation direction sensors, wind flow velocity sensors, signaling lamps,

4.) - erector installation on the motherboard, and electrical connection,

5.) - installation of the motherboard on the turret, and electrical connection,

6.) - complete system testing.

ll ^ Detailed presentation of the technical solutions subject to the invention: systems.

(9) The system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, destined to the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the terrestrial vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, includes the following main aspects and elements: the system belongs to the respective vehicle or lens and is arranged, folded, in the interior or upper space of the respective vehicle or lens, it can be folded, (fig. 22), on the surface of the vehicle or object and consists, at a minimum, of:

(A) (a) the lifting subsystem, respectively the erector, which, during the pick-up period is lifted, and folded, automatically and / or manually, from the space of the vehicle or object, or from the top of it, from the the upper outer part of the land vehicles, respectively from the outer side of the vehicles on the water, and which erector supports the PV modules and attachments of the system, such as PV modules, sun position sensors, wind speed sensors, position sensors and realizes, with the active surfaces of the PV modules, the automatic tracking (tracking), by rotating the active PV surfaces, installed on the erector, after the azimuth direction of the solar radiation, and by inclining these active PV surfaces, after the direction of the elevation of the solar radiation, and alternatively, only by rotating these active PV surfaces, after the azimuth direction of the solar radiation, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 ifâ (b1) when capturing PV type 2D, (fig.3):

• by disposing, by successive unfolding, in the same plane, of the PV modules or the PV cover and their erection by the erector (8), irrespective of the erection lifting and unfolding process, the erector lifting system, by the erector's construction mode, and • by automatically actuating the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, actuated based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub- solar radiation direction identification system, subsystem disposed on the erector, spatially parallel to the PV modules, (b2) when capturing PV 3D:

when capturing 3D type PV, respectively spatial, with 3D PV subsystems, erected and supported by the erector, regardless of the erector lifting procedure, regardless of the erector folding process, regardless of the erector lifting system, regardless of the construction method of the erector, as follows:

(b2.1) • realization of 3D PV sub-systems, (fig.4), (fig.5), (fig.6), (fig.7), (fig.17), by deploying multiple PV groups 3D, each consisting of 2 adjacent plan segments, arranged vertically one below the other, intended for possible occupancy with PV modules, which plan segments are arranged as follows: the lower spatial segment segment, within the 3D 3D group having 2 plane segments, at an angle of inclination equal to 45 ° with respect to the axis of the erector, and the second plane segment perpendicular to the first, and • at the position of the lower spatial plane segment, within each PV 3D group , shall be installed, geometrically identical, including as an angular orientation, with the respective plane segment, the PV module or modules intended for this plane segment, and, in the position of the upper plane segment, shall be installed:

either a PV module (or modules) identical to the one installed in the lower position, or an element of reflective material, or the position is left free to air flow, and at which all PV modules of the groups are installed with the active part to the outside of the angle. 90 ° of each of the 2 positions, respectively towards the concavity of the angle of 90, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 • and in which the automatic actuation obtains the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules from the lower part of each 3D 3D group, and is performed based on the evaluation of signals from sub-systems for identifying the solar radiation direction, arranged on the erector, in parallel spatially with the PV modules from the lower positions, (b2) or • by folding (fig.8), by sub- 3D PV systems consisting of parallel PV 3D groups, each consisting of adjacent PV modules, arranged one below the other vertically and at an angle of 90 ° between them, with the bisector between the 2 modules, of each PV 3D group, perpendicular to the axis of the erector , and with the active PV part pointing outwards at each 90 ° angle, respectively in the concavity of this angle, and • at which the automatic rotation and tilting of the erector performs obtains non-spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules of each group of 3D PV modules, based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system identifying the direction of solar radiation, disposed on the erector, perpendicular to the bisector the angle between the active faces of the PV modules of each group of 3D PV modules, (c) and at which each erector system, together with the supporting PV modules, is, in version, foldable / de-foldable:

(c1) automatically, (c2) and separately, manually, (c3) and as a result of the monitoring / automation subsystem evaluation of signals from wind flow intensity sensors;

(B) an electromechanical folding / unfolding subsystem made with multiple X parallel shears or other lifting systems;

(C) The erector support / erection subsystem consisting of a base plate, on which the erector and its attachments are located, from which the erector rises, and which: (c1) - if the erector does not act and tilt, the installation is made rigidly, prefixed, and with an erector inclination equal to the sum between the angle of the geographical latitude in the area of use and the maximum deviation of the sun's elevation, (c2) - if the system actuates the erector's inclination, it automatically inclines, the motherboard , and implicitly, by this the erector, with respect to the turret plane, (c3) and to which, the base plate is anchored by the turret:

to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

- through a hinge type system or a swing axis type system, together with

- one or more systems for actuating the tilt of the erector, by tilting the base plate, and, in version, for sensing the inclined position of the erector, (D) the rotating sub-system of the erector formed by a turret rotating the plate basic (C), and implicitly the erector disposed thereon, and the attachment elements of the turret, such as the subsystems for actuating the rotation and for sensing the position of the turret, during its rotation, (E) as an alternative, a chamber in which the erector s folds and, in version, retracts, as in claim 2, (F) a sensor measuring subsystem:

(f1) the instantaneous position of the sun, (f2) the speed of the wind flow, (f3) the energy demand by the electric accumulators of the vehicle, (f4) proximity, position;

(G) a subsystem for the automation and actuation of the elements that control and drive the movements: rotation and inclination, or only rotation, during capture, folding, retraction, protection, satisfying the restrictions, communication.

(10) A system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that:

(a) PV modules erected by the erector or erectors, irrespective of the erector lifting procedure or system, are located on folding / folding elements, such as folding strips, which at folding, (fig.11), (fig. 12) the PV subassemblies are raised, (b) and at which the tracking of the direction of the solemnity, from point (a), is carried out as follows:

(b1) when capturing 2D type PV, ie with the PV elements arranged in the plane:

by automatically tracking the incidence at 90 ° of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, (b2.1) when capturing 3D, respectively spatial PV, at which each group of 3D type PV, of the PV subassembly, consists of 2 PV modules, arranged adjacent, one below the other vertically, and at an angle of 90 ° between them, and at which one element, the lower one (fig. 12), (b), (20), within each PV groups, consists of one or of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 several PV modules, with the active part towards the 90 ° angle direction, ie starting from the concave part of the 90 ° angle, by automatically tracking the incidence of 90 ° of the solar radiation direction with the active surface of the PV modules. , or (b2.2) each PV 3D sensor subassembly consists of 3D PV groups consisting of 2 adjacent PV elements, one below the other vertically, and at an angle of 90 ° between them, and at which the PV side active of each PV module is placed inside the 90 ° angle, by automatically tracking the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the bisector of the angle formed by the two elements,

- and in which the control subsystem acts to obtain the spatial direction coincidence, between the solar radiation direction and the angle bisector direction between each 2 PV modules arranged perpendicularly, between them, of each 3D 3D group, and at which, for (b1), (b2 .1), (b2.2) the actuating elements for obtaining the optimum position of capture, are cyclically controlled, at predetermined periods of time, until the transient moments of reaching the balance (equality) between the levels of the signals from the position sensors of the sun: right turn direction sensor and left turn direction sensor for azimuth control and tilt sensor and lift sensor for elevation control.

(11) Detailing the technical solution of the erector of type X parallel scissors multiple:

(a) The erector (fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 18, fig. 19, fig. 20, fig. 23, fig. 60), in detail (fig. 24) (30), (fig. 25), is made with a system of lifting of parallel shears in multiple X, controlled by the actuator (33) (fig. 24), (fig. 27), and is rigid anchorage, allowing the folding, folding, on the base plate (29), mounted by elements (32), of the hinge type, which allow mobility between the base plate and the turret (10), on the turret (10).

The actuator (34) determines the inclination of the erector with respect to the turret. The erector is rotated by the turret (10).

(b) The segments that form parallel shears in multiple Xs implicitly generate, when unfolding, surfaces that intersect at a predetermined angle, determined by:

Π the height of the erector, resulting from the folding, □ the dimensions of the shear segments in X.

(c) On surfaces generated by the parallel shears in multiple X, 3D PV groups are located, each consisting of 2 PV elements, arranged vertically one below 2018 00097

2/15/2018 the other. The lower element of each PV 3D group and the upper one, (fig. 23), take, when unfolding, intrinsically, implicitly, implicitly, the inclination angles of the surfaces generated by the erector, respectively by the parallel shears in multiple X. The angle between the generated surfaces, at which the parallel shears in X multiple unfold, is 90 ° constructively imposed.

(d) On the lower spatial elements of each PV 3D group, consisting of 2 PV elements, PV modules are installed. On the upper spatial elements, of each group 3D PV, are installed:

PV elements or reflective material elements, or spaces we occupy.

(e) The PV modules are located and fixed, with the active part inside the concave 90 ° angle.

(e) Folding / folding of the erector is done by compacting / extending the parallel shears into multiple X's.

(f) Following the direction of the solemnity, the following are done:

(f 1) by automatically obtaining the incidence at 90 ° of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the lower PV modules of each PV 3D group, or (f2) by automatically obtaining the coincidence of the spatial direction of the bisector of the 3D 3D group, respectively between the 2 PV elements of each PV 3D group, with the direction of solar radiation, in which case, in the 3D PV group, both elements, spatially upper and lower, are supplemented with PV modules, arranged at 90 °, and with the active surfaces directed towards the interior of the concavity 90 ° angle, (g) The actuators for optimum capture position are cyclically controlled, at predetermined periods of time, until equilibrium is reached within each pair of sun position sensors: the azimuth control sensor pair : rotation sensor + and rotation sensor -, pair of sensors for elevation control: inclination sensor + and sensor inclination -.

(12) inclination of the erector.

(a) Changing the inclination angle of the 2D PV modules:

to 2018 00097

15/02/2018 for the incidence at 90 ° with the direction of the solar elevation, including the use of the erector type parallel shears in multiple X, is realized by inclining the erector, respectively of the erector support base plate, in relation to the surface of the turret.

(b) Changing the inclination angle of the 2D PV modules, by:

(b1) changing the inclination angle of the 3D PV groups, including the use of the multiple X parallel scissors erector, to obtain the 90 ° incidence of solar radiation with the surface of the lower PV modules, or (b2) changing the angle of inclination of the groups The 3D PV, including the use of the erector type parallel scissors in multiple X, in order to obtain the coincidence of the spatial direction of the solar radiation with the angle bisector between the 2 modules of the PV3D group, is realized by tilting the erector, by commanding and actuating the automatic tilting plate. support base of the erector, in relation to the horizontal surface of the turret,

And in the version, in the second case, of tilting mode to the 3D systems of type 3D shears parallel in multiple X, the tilting angle adjustment of the PV modules is realized by folding / compressing actions, respectively folding / extension of the erector.

(13) Interpretation and application of space constraints.

Interpretation and application of space restrictions is necessary because it allows the prohibition of areas, where the deployment of the vehicle capture system is not allowed, by limiting the inclination of the erector in those areas. For example, when parking the vehicle, the area from traffic is prohibited, and the opposite area can be restricted or unrestricted, depending on the situation on the ground. Restrictions can be reduced in case of unfolding in your own yard or garden. The 3D space, in which the erector is lifted and inclined on vehicles or other objects, respectively the erector complete with PV modules and annexes, is controlled, by notifying these areas and controlling, by the automation sub-system, the inclination to the erector, differently for each area or part of the vehicle, such as:

(a) on the non-restricted space portions: the inclination of the erector is made with the optimum angle necessary, at that moment, to maximize the captured energy level, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 (b) on the restricted space portions: the inclination of the erector is carried out in those restricted areas, with the optimum angle necessary to maximize the captured energy level, reduced, if it exceeds the limits of the space restrictions, to correspond and to fit within the boundaries of space boundaries. The space limits are preset by the driver of the vehicle, at the parking lot, before the unfolding, and are introduced, digitally, by the means of communication with the automation system, and by using the allowed space templates, present in the computer's memory.

(14) Protection of the system against wind aggression.

The realization of the protection of the capture system, respectively of the erector, the components and the annexes fixed on it, to the action of the wind factor, is accomplished by:

(a) automatic control by the measuring and automation system, when exceeding the limit imposed for the speed / pressure of the wind flow, of the automatic folding and, in version, of the automatic retraction, of the complete erector, (b) the adaptive, intrinsic, implicit modification, (fig. 28), under the action of the wind pressure, the dimensions of the sections of the slots for the passage of the wind flow, modified by allowing the rotation of some PV modules, or of some PV sub-modules, (8), about axes, based on the connection by hinges (58), by the support of the modules (57), namely, in the sense of automatically opening and increasing new sections / paths for the wind flow and with the return of the modules or sub-modules in the position of capture, elastic, forced , by the action of the springs (59), after the disappearance of the pressure level of the wind flow, (c) the placement of elastic elements, (fig.25) (36), in the support of the erector, by the insertion of a ba additionally, (fig.25) (35), namely between the base plate and the turret, and the elastic anchoring, (fig.25) (36), of this intermediate plate of the first base plate, and the movable connection, through the hinge and actuator, turret, (d) connecting the erector of its motherboard, when unfolded, by cables provided with elastic elements (fig.25) (37).

(15) Technical solutions to ensure the erector's stability and constructive robustness.

The erector is anchored (fig. 25) by the base plate (29), which supports it:

- by joints of the lower segments of the parallel shears in multiple X, and / or moving elements in mechanical guides (fig.26), (38) own to the lower segments of the sides of the erector,

- by cables connecting the erector to the motherboard (fig.25), of 2018 00097

02/15/2018

- by cables connecting the erector to the motherboard, (fig. 25), cables including elastic elements (37),

- through the components of the actuators of the unfolding, and the base plate (29), is connected to the intermediate base plate, when integrated, by elastic elements (36), springs and elements of elastic materials, and the base plate, or the intermediate base plate is connected to the turret by mechanical hinged or axial systems, and by the elements of the erector tilt actuator.

(16) Eccentric erector installation.

In order to obtain a catchment area as large as possible, in the area above the vehicle, and to reduce the extensions over this area, intensive exploitation of the space on the vehicle is necessary.

The erector, respectively the parallel X-shears that support and create the erector, are positioned eccentrically, ie moved to the direction of capture, at the maximum allowable distance from the center of the circle of the base plate supporting the erector.

(17) Taking of electricity from the capture system and exchanging energy with the public network.

The capture and capitalization of electricity is done as follows:

- each PV 2D erector flows the energy separately (fig. 27) to its own MPP (Maximum Power Point) system, which, in turn, charges the energy of its own voltage equalization system, which in turn, charges energy on the common DC energy collection bar, (57),

- each 3D PV erector and each PV module chain with the same spatial geometric orientation, flows the energy, in the following way (fig. 27): separately, by each PV module chain, with the same spatial orientation, an MPP system specific to that PV module chain, and at which the MPP system, specific to the respective PV chain, flows the energy of a voltage equalization system with the flow voltage, and at which, each voltage equalizer debits the energy on the common DC energy collection bar,

- other PV modules or PV capture assemblies located in a manner without searching for the solar direction, from the same vehicle or object, are, for each geometrical insulation zone of the machine, respectively for each same direction of light reception, connected separately to each with its own MPP device, followed by its own voltage equalization device, and downstream, to the common DC collecting bar of the vehicle, of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 and in which, for both 2D and 3D PV, as well as for other sub-assemblies with PV modules, from the vehicle or object, each PV module is provided with an energy transfer diode over the respective element PV, in case that PV mode is shaded.

(18) The functions of the common bar in the DC. The practical exchange of energy with the outside.

The common energy collection bar in DC, of the vehicle, from PV systems is connected, (fig. 27), to:

- the battery charging subsystem (53),

- a connector (51), which allows the delivery of electricity in c. c. to the users located outside the respective vehicle,

- MPP devices (41), (43) and voltage equalizers (42), (44), for receiving on the common energy collection bar in DC, the energy captured from 2 (exemplary) PV module chains

- MPP devices (45), (47) and voltage equalizers (46), (48), for receiving on the common DC energy collection bar, the energy captured by other PV modules, fixedly mounted (without solar trackers) on the same vehicle or object,

- a cc./c.a inverter. (51), connected to the protectors and connector (52), which allows the delivery of electricity in c. A., To the users disposed outside the respective vehicle,

- a connector, (49), which allows the outside of the vehicle to receive electricity in c.a., and

- its conversion, with an inverter c.a. /c.c. (50), and directing this energy to the sub-system of the collection bar in DC,

- the transmission of the energy received from the public network, directly to the battery charging device of the vehicle.

(19) Automation and monitoring system.

it is provided with a sub-system of automation, monitoring, measurement and the action of the elements that are displaced during the capture as well as the folding / unfolding, and as a variant of the retraction - de-retraction of the erectors, a sub-system which:

(a) - based on the sensors for identifying the position of the sun, in azimuth and elevation, elaborate and operate the turret, erector, tilt, erector, or tilt plate commands, which support the erector, in the report with the turret, (b) - based on the sensors or systems for measuring the rotational position and inclination, and the control algorithms, performs the classification of the erector in the space constraints im of 2018 00097

15/02/2018 set, namely by ensuring the optimum energetic inclination angle of the erector in case of compliance with these restrictions.

(c) - based on proximity sensors, sensors or systems for measuring rotational and tilt position, and control algorithms, eliminates the impact between erectors on the use of several erectors on the same vehicle, and performs the erector positioning procedure, in the view of obtaining an energetic arrangement favorable to the maximized harvest and the diminution of the shading between the erectors (back tracking), and in which, the actuating elements for obtaining the optimum position of capture, are controlled cyclically, at predetermined periods of time, until the transient moments of reaching the balance ( equality) between the signal levels from the sun position sensors: right-turn direction sensor and left-turn direction sensor for azimuth control and tilt sensor and lift sensor for elevation control.

(20) Multiple integration of the sensors on the same vehicle.

On a land vehicle, respectively on water, (fig. 29) (a), (b) multiple solar energy capture systems are installed:

- based on their arrangement within the existing dimensions of the vehicle, respectively the roof of the vehicle, respectively the storage enclosure, in the folded state, of the capture systems, and / or

- by increasing the folding enclosure and possibly retracting the capture systems, including:

• extension of the length and width of the folding and retracting enclosure, (fig. 29) (c), within the limits allowed by the surface of the vehicle roof, so that a large number of erector sub-systems (2), provided with PV modules ( 8) or with 3D PV groups, and / or • by changing the vehicle architecture, by increasing the dimensions of the front and / or rear sections of the vehicle, to accept more capture systems, (fig. 29) (c).

to 2018 00097

02/15/2018

METHOD FOR THE MAXIMIZED PV / PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM FOR ENERGIZING EARTH VEHICLES, VEHICLES ON WATER FOR OTHER APPLICATIONS.

Claims (20)

1. Process for PV I photovoltaic capture of solar energy, for its use for land vehicles, water vehicles and other mobile or stationary applications, characterized in that: (a) the solar energy is received PV / photovoltaic and processed, (fig.1) by raising, for the unfolding of the capture process, on the upper outer side of the land vehicles, on systems of extension of the length of the car (range extenders), on the side exterior of vehicles on water, respectively on the outside of other objects, of erector sub-systems (2), which support the PV sensor modules and perform, by the automatic movement of the PV sensor modules, respectively the active surfaces of the PV sensor modules, the tracking automatic (tracking) of the solar azimuth, by rotation by the axis, (4), of these active PV surfaces, and of the solar elevation, by inclining these active PV surfaces, by the direction of the solar elevation, and in variant only by the rotation after the azimuth of the radiation direction and in which the direction of the direction of the solemnity, respectively of the direction of the solar radiation, is pursued as follows: (a) when capturing PV type 2D, (fig. 3): • by disposing, by successive deployment, in the same plane, of the PV modules or the PV cover and their erection by the erector, (8), irrespective of the erection lifting and unfolding process, the erector lifting system , by the erector construction mode, and • by automatically actuating the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, actuated based on the evaluation of the signals from below. - the system for identifying the direction of solar radiation, sub-system arranged on the erector, namely as follows: (b) when capturing PV 3D: (b1) • realization of 3D PV sub-systems, (fig.4), (fig.5), (fig.6), (fig.7), (fig.17), by unfolding multiple groups of segments. plan, each consisting of 2 plan segments, adjacent, arranged successively, one below the other vertically, at an angle of 90 ⁰ between them, within the group, and where each segment of the plan is occupied by one of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 PV module or with PV modules, or with other elements, which plan segments are arranged as follows: the lower spatial segment segment, within the 3D 3D group, which has 2 plane segments, at an inclination angle of 45 ° with respect to the axis of the erector, and • which, at the position of the lower spatial plane segment, within each PV 3D group, is installed, geometrically identical, including as an angular orientation, with the respective plane segment, the PV module or modules in the position lower, intended for this segment of plan, and, in the position of the upper plan segment, installs: either a PV module (or PV modules) identical to that installed in the lower position, or an element of reflective material, or the position is left free to air flow, and at which all PV modules of the 3D 3D groups are installed with the active part towards inside the 90 ° angle between each of the 2 positions, and • at which the automatic actuation obtains the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and> 5 1 »» »elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the modules PV from the lower part of each PV 3D group and is performed based on the evaluation of signals from subsystems identifying the direction of solar radiation, disposed on the erector, spatially parallel to the PV modules from the lower positions, or (b2) • realization, by unfolding, (fig.8), of sub-systems consisting of groups of plane segments arranged successively, one below the other vertically, at an angle of 90 ° between them within the group ui and with the bisector between the 2 groups of plane segments, of each group of plane segments, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the erector, and on which plane segments are installed, on each one, a PV module or PV modules with the active PV side towards inside the 90 ° angle and 3D PV groups are formed, and • in which the automatic rotation and tilting of the erector is performed automatically, until the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules of each group is obtained of 3D PV modules, namely based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system for identifying the direction of solar radiation, disposed on the erector, perpendicularly spatially to the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules of each group of 3D PV modules. to 2018 00097 02/15/2018 2. Process according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for terrestrial vehicles, vehicles on water and for other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: • the erector sub-system, together with the PV modules that support them, is, in version, foldable / foldable (fig. 2): (c1) automatically, (c2) and, separately, manually, (c3) and as a result of the monitoring / automation subsystem evaluation of signals from wind flow intensity sensors, and • the erector is automatically folded and / or, manually separated, and, alternatively, is automatically retracted and / or, manually separated, (fig.2), in: (I) an enclosure disposed on the roof of the vehicle, or (II) on the roof of the vehicle, or (III) on the roof of the vehicle, or (IV) in movable parts, of the roof of the vehicle, and which parts, alternatively, are covered with elements / PV modules, or (V) in a suitcase, suitcase, crate, box, self-contained separate from the vehicle, unused, or being used for the vehicle, in relation to the vehicle, or placed on the vehicle, (VI), and , alternatively, fig. 10, the erector lifts the entire roof, with PV modules, (8), of the vehicle, or portions of the roof of the vehicle, which they orient after the azimuth and, in version, tilt them after the solar radiation elevation, and at that the portion of the roof that remains unobstructed (16), and is illuminated, is covered with modules, and at which, after folding, the PV modules, from the roof remaining visible to solar radiation, are kept active. (VII) in mixed configurations of configurations (I) to (VI). 3. A method according to Claim 1, for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, for use in land vehicles, water vehicles and other mobile or stationary applications, characterized in that: the PV modules raised by the erector or erectors, regardless of the erector or erector lifting process or system, are constructively located on folding / folding elements, such as folding strips (18), or elements and materials that can be folded in the form of harmonics, or elements that can be folded can fold on rollers / drums, where: (a) for 2D PV systems: to 2018 00097 02/15/2018 - lifting the erector positions, when unfolding and by unfolding, successively and adjacent, PV modules in 2D mode, under the 180 ° angle between 2 adjacent modules, (fig. 11), or PV covers, and - in which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination displacements, in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° between the direction of solar radiation and the active surface of the PV modules, based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system with sensors, arranged spatially parallel to the plane the active faces of PV modules, (b) for 3D PV systems: (b1) • in which the erector lift positions, at the folding and by folding, adjacent, groups of 3D PV modules, each consisting of 2 adjacent modules, - in which groups of modules and modules respectively are connected within the group on the folding / unfolding strip, (fig. 11), successively, one below the other vertically, so that when unfolding, the arrangement of the 2 PV modules of a group 3D PV, is realized from an angle of 90 °, and the active part of the modules is directed towards the inside of the angle of 90 °, - and to which the modules are connected, within each group, to the support strips of the subassembly with PV modules, by fastening elements, folding, or by fixing them on the folding / unfolding strip, so that, when unfolding, the intersection between each of the 2 adjacent PV modules of each 3D 3D group is maintained at an angle of 90 °, (fig. 12), - and at which the lower modules, within each PV 3D group, are arranged spatially, in the lower part of the group and have the active surface inclined at 45 °, relative to the axis of the erector, and • at which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination. of the erector, in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° between the direction of solar radiation and the active surface of the lower PV modules, within each group of 2 3D PV modules, based on the estimation of the sun's position, by evaluating the signals from the sub-system with sensors for identifying the position of the sun, arranged spatially parallel with each lower PV module within the 3D PV groups, or (b2) position, when unfolding and by folding the erector, successively and adjacent, groups of 3D PV modules, each consisting of 2 modules Adjacent PVs, disposed at 90 ° between them, with the active PV part inside the 90 ° angle, and with the bisector of 2018 00097 2/15/2018 the angle between the 2 PV modules of each 3D PV group, perpendicular to the axis of the erector, - and to which the modules are connected within each group on the support strips of the subassembly with PV modules, by mechanical fastening elements, folding, or by fixing on the folding / unfolding band, so that, at the unfolding, the intersection between each of the 2 adjacent PV modules of each 3D PV group, be made from a 90 ° angle (fig. 12), - and at which the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination of the erector, in order to obtain the spatial coincidence between the solar radiation direction and the bisector of each group of 3D PV modules, by evaluating the position of the sun, based on the signals received from the sub-system with photovoltaic sensors. , arranged spatially perpendicular to the bisector of the PV 3D group. 4. Process according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for terrestrial vehicles, vehicles on water and for other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: (a) the erector is made with a system of lifting scissors type parallel to multiple X (fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 18, fig. 19, fig. 20 ), where each parallel shear in multiple X is formed by two or more shears in multiple X, interconnected in parallel, by horizontal axes, which allow rotation of each of the 2 segments, which make up the respective X, and where each shears in Multiple X generates segments of planar surfaces, (b) and in which plane segments, belonging to parallel scissors in multiple X, generate by default (fig.17), when unfolding surfaces that intersect under a predetermined angle, determined by: - the height of the erector, resulting from the folding, - the dimensions of the shear segments in X, (c) and at which on the flat surface segments generated by the shears in multiple X, PV modules are placed, in pairs, forming groups 3D 3D, with each PV module, within the 2 PV modules of each 3D 3D group, occupying one surface segment, adjacent to the surface segment occupied by the other PV module, of the respective 3D PV group, (d) and at which, in the case of parallel scissors in multiple X, the inclination of the PV modules placed on the flat surface segments of the parallel shears in multiple X, take, when unfolding, intrinsic, implicitly, identically, respectively with the same value, one of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 The inclination tips of the surfaces generated, when unfolded, by the scissors of the erector, with the installation of PV modules, (e) and at which, the 2 modules, of each 3D PV, are placed and fixed, neighbor, successively, one below the other vertically, and, the angle of opening of the parallel shears in multiple angle is prescribed, respectively the angle between the PV modules of the 3D PV group is set to 90 °. (f) and at which the active PV part is disposed inwardly at an angle of 90 °, (g) and at which the lower PV module, of each 3D 3D group, is installed at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the erector and the angle bisector between the 2 PV modules 3D, are installed perpendicular to the axis of the erector, (e) and at which the maximization of the energy harvest is achieved as follows: (e1) for the systems driven on the basis of the spatial parallelism between the lower PV module and the sub-system for identifying the solar radiation direction, the automation sub-system acts to rotate and tilt the erector, until the incidence is reached 90 °, between the solar radiation direction and the surface. active of the lower PV modules, (e2) for the systems driven based on the installation of the surface subsystem for identifying the direction of the solar radiation perpendicular to the bisector between the 2 PV modules, of each group of 3D PV, the automation sub-system acts the rotation and inclination to the erector, until the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the bisector is obtained, with a unique direction for all the 3D PV groups, between each 2 modules of each 3D 3D group. 5. Method according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for terrestrial vehicles, vehicles on water and for other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: regardless of the embodiment of to the erector and regardless of how the erector lifting action is performed with multiple X parallel shears or other types of lifting subsystems or procedures: (a) changing the inclination angle of the 2D PV modules, with a view to the 90 ° incidence of the active PV surface with the direction of the solar elevation, is done by inclining the erector, by (b1) changing the inclination angle of the PV 3D modules, to the PV 3D systems , granted to obtain the incidence at 90 ° of the lower active PV surface, within the framework of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 for each 3D PV group, with the direction of the solar elevation, is realized by tilting the erector, (b2) changing the inclination angle of the 3D PV groups, in order to coincide with the solar radiation direction with the angle bisector between the 2 PV modules, arranged at 90 °, of each PV 3D group, is made by tilting the erector, and, in version, to type X multiple parallel scissors, for cases (b1) and (b2), the angle change, initially preset to 90 °, between the 2 modules of each PV 3D group, are made by folding / compressing, respectively folding / extending, the erector type scissors parallel in multiple X. 6. Method according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for land vehicles, water vehicles and other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: in the process of capturing energy solar space, the 3D space, in which the elevated sub-system, respectively of the erector, is rotated on vehicles or other objects, is controlled, by controlling, by the automation sub-system, the inclination of the erector, differently, on each part and area of the vehicle, such as: (a) on unrestricted spatial portions: the inclination of the erector is achieved, with the optimal angle necessary to maximize the level of captive energy, (b) on the restricted spatial portions: the inclination of the erector is achieved, with the optimal possible angle to maximize the level of captable energy, and subject to the conditions that the vertical projection of the complete erector, with the PV modules and annexes, be included in the acceptable dimensions, horizontally, of the vehicle or in a prescribed, limited, horizontal surface. 7. Process according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for land vehicles, water vehicles and other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: achieving the protection of the capture system, respectively of the erector and of the components fixed thereon, at the action of the wind factor, it is realized by applying one or more of the following procedures: (a) the automatic ordering by the measuring and automation system, when exceeding the limit imposed for the wind flow speed, of the automatic folding of the complete erector, and in the version of the retraction of the complete erector, of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 (b) the automatic modification, implicitly, under the action of the value of the intensity of the wind, by the intrinsic increase, (fig.21), of the section, (27), opened by the wind flow and allocated to the transfer of the air flow, respectively of the section slots for wind flow transfer, namely in a proportionality relationship between wind pressure and increasing the wind flow transfer section, as well as, with the disappearance of the wind danger, forcing the elastic return of the PV modules, in the catch position, ( c) by inserting elastic elements into the erector support as well as into the erector cables of the erector of the erector support plate. 8. Process according to Claim 1, for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, for its use for land vehicles, water vehicles and other applications, mobile or stationary, characterized in that: constructive construction of the erector, by the type consisting of multiple X parallel scissors, with 3D PV modules, is done as follows: 1.) - fixing the PV modules on segments of the planes to be generated by the parallel scissors in multiple X, alternatively, each PV module on a plane generated by the parallel scissors in multiple X, and each adjacent module next, with the active part in the opposite direction, compared to the previous PV module, on the next plane, generated by the parallel scissors in multiple X, mounting realized by installing a PV module on 2 segments, parallel of an X, 2.) - the joining of the geometric plane segments equipped with PV modules, so as to form 3D PV groups, consisting of 2 PV modules, which in the folded state are, from the point of view of the active PV part, face to face, and in unfolded condition, positioned at an angle of 90 °, 3.) - construction of the erector from the 3D PV groups, consisting of segments and PV modules, 4.) - erector installation on the motherboard, and electrical connection, 5.) - installation of the motherboard on the turret, and electrical connection, 6.) - complete system testing. 9. System for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, destined to the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the terrestrial vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: the system belongs to the respective vehicle or objective and it is arranged, folded, in the interior or upper space of the respective vehicle or object, or on the vehicle or lens, or in boxes, suitcases, suitcases, it can be folded, (fig. 22), above the vehicle or object and it is formed , minimum, from: to 2018 00097 15/02/2018 (A) (a) the lifting subsystem, respectively the erector, which, during the pick-up period, is lifted, and respectively folded, automatically or manually, from the space of the vehicle or object, or from the top of it , from the upper outer side of the land vehicles, respectively from the outer side of the vehicles on the water, and which erector supports the PV sensors and attachments of the system, such as sensors for detecting the position of the sun, and which erector realizes, with the active surfaces of the modules PV, automatic tracking (tracking), by rotating the active PV surfaces, installed on the erector, following the azimuth direction of the solar radiation, and by inclining these active PV surfaces, following the direction of the solar radiation elevation, and alternatively, only by rotating these active PV surfaces, after the azimuth of the solar radiation direction, in which case the erector unfolds with a predetermined inclination angle of about 23.5 °: (b1) at the 2D type PV capture, (fig. 3): • by disposing, by successive deployment, in the same plane, of the PV modules or the PV cover and their erection by the erector, (8), irrespective of the erection lifting and unfolding process, the erector lifting system , by the erector construction mode, and • by automatically actuating the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, actuated based on the evaluation of the signals from below. - the system for identifying the direction of solar radiation, sub-system arranged on the erector, in parallel spatially with the PV modules, (b2) with 3D PV subsystems, raised and supported by the erector, regardless of the erector lifting process, regardless of the deployment of the erector, regardless of the erector lifting system, regardless of how the erector is built, as follows: (b2.1) • realization of 3D PV sub-systems, (fig.4), (fig.5), (fig.6), (fig.7), (fig.17), by deploying multiple PV groups 3D, each consisting of 2 plan segments, adjacent, arranged vertically one below the other, and perpendicular, which are occupied by PV modules, which plan segments are arranged as follows: the lower spa segment segment of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 Therefore, within the PV 3D group, 45 ° to the axis of the erector, and the second plane segment, perpendicular to the first, and • which, at the position of the lower spatial plane segment, within each PV group 3D, shall be installed, geometrically identical, including as angular orientation with the respective lower plane segment, the PV module or modules intended for this plane segment, and, in the position of the upper plane segment, shall be installed: either a PV module (or modules) identical to the one installed in the lower position, or a reflecting element, or the position is left free to air flow, and in which all PV modules of the groups, are installed with the active part inwards at a 90 ° angle formed by 2 PV modules, • and in which the automatic actuation obtains the incidence at 90 °, in azimuth and elevation, or only in azimuth, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the lower PV modules of each 3D PV group, based on the evaluation signals from the sub-system for identifying the solar radiation direction, arranged on the erector, in parallel spatially with each of the lower PV modules, (b2) or • making, by unfolding, (fig.8), 3D PV sub-systems consisting of 3D PV groups formed, each of 2 adjacent, parallel PV modules, arranged one below the other vertically, at an angle of 90 ° between them, and with the active PV side directed to integers 90 ° angle time, between the 2 modules of the PV 3D group, and with the bisector between the 2 modules, of each PV 3D group, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the erector, and • where the automatic rotation and tilting of the erector performs the spatial coincidence between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between the active faces of the PV modules, of each group of 3D PV modules, based on the evaluation of the signals from the sub-system identifying the direction of solar radiation, disposed on the erector, perpendicular to the bisector of the angle between the active faces of the PV modules of one of the groups of 3D PV modules, (c) and in which each erector system, together with the PV modules supporting them, is, in version, foldable / de-foldable: (c1) automatically, (c2) and, separately, manually, of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 fțb (c3) and as a result of the evaluation by the subsystem of monitoring / automation of the signals from sensors of the intensity of the wind flow; (B) an electromechanical folding / unfolding subsystem made with multiple X parallel shears or other lifting systems; (C) The erector subsection / support subsystem consisting of a baseplate, on which the erector and its attachments are located, from which the erector rises, and which: (d) - if the system does not act and the inclination of the erector, the installation is performed rigidly, prefixed, and with an inclination of the erector equal to the sum between the angle of the geographical latitude in the area of use and the maximum deviation of the sun's elevation, (c2) - if the system activates the inclination of the erector, it automatically inclines, the base plate, and implicitly, thereby, the erector, with respect to the turret plane, (c3) and to which, the base plate is anchored by the turret: - through a hinge type system or a swing axis type system, together with - one or more systems for actuating the tilt of the erector, by tilting the base plate, and, in version, for sensing the inclined position of the erector, (D) the rotating sub-system of the erector formed by a turret rotating the plate basic (C), and implicitly the erector disposed thereon, and the attachment elements of the turret, such as the subsystems for actuating the rotation and for sensing the position of the turret, during its rotation, (E) as an alternative, a chamber in which the erector s folds and, in version, retracts, as in claim 2, (F) a sensor measuring subsystem: (f 1) the instantaneous position of the sun, (f2) the speed of the wind flow, (f3) the energy demand by the electric accumulators of the vehicle, (f4) proximity; (G) a subsystem for the automation and actuation of the elements that control and drive the movements: rotation and inclination, or only rotation, during capture, folding, retraction, protection, satisfying the restrictions, communication, 10. A system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: to 2018 00097 15/02/2018 / '(a) the PV modules erected by the erector or erectors, regardless of the erector lifting procedure or system, are located on folding / unfolding elements, such as folding strips, and form the PV sub-assemblies, (fig.11), (fig.12), (b) and in which the tracking of the direction of the solemnity, from point (a), is performed as follows: (b1) when capturing 2D type PV, ie with the PV elements arranged in the plane: by automatically tracking the incidence at 90 ° of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the PV modules, (b2.1) when capturing 3D, respectively spatial type PV, in which each group 3D 3D, of the PV subassembly, is formed out of 2 PV modules, arranged vertically, adjacent to each other, at an angle of 90 ° between them, and at which one element, the lower one (fig. 12), (b), (20), within each PV 3D group , consists of one or more PV modules, inclined at 45 ° to the axis of the erector, with the active part towards the inside of 90 ° angle, between the 2 PV 3D modules of the PV 3D group, by automatically tracking the incidence at 90 °, of the direction of solar radiation with the active surface of the lower PV modules within either of the 3D PV group, or (b2.2) each sub-assembly of the 3D PV sensor is formed by groups of 3D 3D formed by PV modules, or more modules PV arranged adjacent, vertically, one below the other, under an angle i 90 ° between them, with the active part towards the inside of the angle of 90 ° between the 2 PV modules of each 3D PV group, and with the bisector of the angle between the modules, perpendicular to the axis of the erector, - and where the sub-system of automation works to obtain the spatial coincidence of direction, between the direction of solar radiation and the direction of the angle bisector between each 2 PV modules arranged perpendicularly, between them, of each group 3D PV, and to which, for solutions (b1) , (b2.1), (b2.2), above, the actuators for obtaining the optimum capture position, are cyclically controlled, at predetermined periods of time, until the balance between the signals from the position sensors is reached. sun: right direction sensor and left rotation direction sensor for azimuth control and tilt sensor and lift sensor for elevation control. 11. A system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: to 2018 00097 02/15/2018 (a) the erector (fig. 13, fig. 14, fig. 15, fig. 16, fig. 17, fig. 18, fig. 19, fig. 20, fig. 23), in detail ( fig. 24) (30), (fig. 25), is realized with a lifting system, respectively erector, of the type X multiple parallel scissors, controlled by the actuator (33) (fig. 24), (fig. 27), and is rigidly anchored, allowing the folding, folding, on the base plate (29), mounted by elements (32), of the hinge type, which allow mobility between the base plate and the rotating turret (10), on the turret ( 10), and at which the actuator (34), determines the inclination of the erector with respect to the turret, and at which the rotation of the erector is performed by the turret (10), (b) the segments forming parallel scissors in multiple Xs generate by default, when unfolding , segments of planes that intersect under a predetermined angle, determined by: □ the height of the erector, as a result of the folding, □ the dimensions of the shear segments in X, (c) on the plane segments generated by the parallel shears in multiple Xs are placed 3D PV groups, each consisting of 2 or more PV modules , one PV module or more modules, in the same plane, on a scissor surface, and another PV module or more modules, on the second plane, adjacent to the first, and at an angle to the first, where the modules of a PV 3D group are arranged one below the other vertically, and where the lower and the respectively the top module, of each PV 3D group, (fig. 23), take, when unfolding, intrinsically, implicitly, implicitly, the inclination angles of the surfaces generated by the erector, respectively by the parallel shears in multiple X, (d) the angle between the generated surfaces, to which the parallel shears in multiple X are unfolded constructively by 90 °, (e) the bisector between the 2 elements entities of each PV 3D group are arranged, by the position imposed on the modules of the PV 3D group, perpendicular to the axis of the erector, (f) the PV modules are located and fixed, with the active part towards the inside of 90 ° angle, between the modules of the 3D 3D group, ( g) folding / unfolding of the erector is done by compacting / extending the parallel shears in multiple X, (h) of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 (h1) for the case of driving through the position of the lower module of the PV 3D group: the lower modules of each PV 3D group are installed on the space elements with an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the erector, on the spaces of the upper spatial modules, of the for each 3D PV group, install: - one or more PV modules, also arranged at an angle of 45 ° to the axis of the erector and 90 ° to the plane of the adjacent lower PV module, - or elements of reflective material, - or unoccupied spaces are kept, (h2) for the case of driving by the position of the bisector between the 2 PV modules of each 3D PV group: by mounting on each spatial element of the group one PV module or several PV modules, forming planes of modules perpendicular to each other and with the angle bisector between these planes perpendicular to the axis of the erector, (i) following the direction of the solenoid, by controlling the position of the lower module of the PV 3D group is achieved: (11) by installing the plane of the subsystem for identifying the solar radiation direction, (fig.30) parallel to the plane of the surface of the lower module of the 3D PV group, and obtaining the incidence at 90 ° between the direction of solar radiation and the active surface of the lower PV modules of for each group of the 3D PV, by automatically rotating and tilting the erector, (12) in which the tracking of the direction of the solution, by controlling the position of the bisector of the PV 3D group is achieved: by installing the plane of the solar radiation direction sub-system (fig. 30) perpendicular to the angle bisector between the 2 modules of the 3D PV group, and automatically obtaining, by automatically rotating and tilting the erector, the coincidence of the spatial direction of the PV group bisector. 3D with the direction of solar radiation, (j) and at which, the actuating elements for obtaining the optimum capture position, are cyclically controlled, at predetermined periods of time, until the balance between the signals from the sun position sensors is reached: direction sensor right and left turn direction sensor for azimuth control and tilt sensor and lift sensor for elevation control. 12. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for integral or partial supply, with electric energy of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 Tricycles, land vehicles and water vehicles, and other objectives, characterized in that: (a) changing the inclination angle of the 2D PV modules: for the incidence at 90 ° with the direction of the solar elevation, including the use of the erector of type shears parallel in multiple X, it is realized by inclining the erector, respectively of the erector support base plate, in relation to the turret surface, (b1) changing the angle for inclining the 3D PV groups, including the use of the parallel X-type scissor erector: in order to obtain the incidence at 90 ° of the solar radiation with the surface of the PV modules, or (b2) to change the inclination angle of the 3D PV groups, including using the scissor-type parallel erector in multiple X: In order to obtain the coincidence of the spatial direction of the solar radiation with the angle bisector between the 2 modules of the 3D PV group, it is realized, both (b1) and (b2), by tilting the erector, by controlling the automatic tilting of the support base plate. of the erector, in relation to the horizontal surface of the turret, And in the version, in the 3D PV systems of parallel shears in multiple X, the angle adjustment of the PV modules is realized by folding / compressing actions, respectively folding / extension of the erector. 13. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and vehicles on water, and other objectives, characterized in that: The 3D space, in which the erector is lifted and inclined on vehicles or other objects, respectively of the erector complete with PV modules and annexes, is controlled, by controlling, by the automation sub-system, the inclination of the erector, in a way different on each side of the vehicle, so that: (a) on the non-restricted space portions: the inclination of the erector is made with the optimum angle necessary, at that moment, to maximize the captured energy level, of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 (b) on the space portions that are restricted: the inclination of the erector is realized at that moment, with the optimum angle necessary to maximize the captured energy level, reduced, if it exceeds the limits of the space restrictions, and at which the limits are set by the driver of the vehicle, at the parking lot, before the unfolding, and is introduced, digitally, by the means of communication with the automation system, within the templates present on the system computer. 14. A system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: the achievement of the protection at the action of the wind factor of the capture system, respectively of the erector, the components and the annexes fixed thereon, is fulfilled by: (a) automatic control by the measuring and automation system, when exceeding the limit imposed for the speed / pressure of the wind flow, of the automatic folding and, in version, of the automatic retraction, of the complete erector, (b) the adaptive, intrinsic, implicit modification, (fig. 28) under the action of the wind pressure, the dimensions of the sections of the slots for the passage of the wind flow, modification accomplished by allowing to rotate some PV portions, or some PV sub-modules, (8), about axes, based on the connection through hinges (58), between PV sub-modules and module support elements (57), namely, in the sense of automatically opening and increasing new sections / paths for the wind flow and with the return of the sub-modules or module portions, elastic forced, after the disappearance of the pressure level of the wind flow, in the position of capture, namely by the action of springs (59), (c) the introduction of elastic elements, (fig.25) (36), in the erector support, by inserting an additional motherboard (fig.25) (35), namely between the motherboard and the turret, and the elastic anchoring (fig.25) (36) of this intermediate motherboard from the first motherboard and / or turret, (d) connecting the erector to its base plate, when unfolded, by cables provided with elastic elements (fig. 25) (37). 15. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and vehicles on water, and other objectives, characterized in that: the erector is anchored (fig. 25) by the base plate (29), which supports the erector: to 2018 00097 02/15/2018 - by joints of the lower segments of the parallel shears in multiple X, and / or moving elements in mechanical guides (fig.26), (38) of the lower segments of the sides of the erector, - by cables connecting the erector to the motherboard (fig.25), - by cables connecting the erector to the motherboard, (fig. 25) cables including elastic elements (37), - through the components of the actuators of the unfolding, and the base plate (29), is connected to the intermediate base plate, when that station is integrated, by elastic elements (36), springs and elements of elastic materials, and the plate The base or intermediate base plate is connected to the turret by mechanical systems such as hinges or axes, and by the elements of the erector tilt actuator. 16. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and vehicles on water, and other objectives, characterized in that: the erector, respectively the parallel X shears that support and create the erector, are positioned eccentrically, ie moved to the direction of capture, at the maximum allowable distance from the center of the circle of the base plate that rigidly holds the erector. 17. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and vehicles on water, and other objectives, characterized in that: the utilization and capture of electricity is done in the following way: - each PV 2D erector flows the energy separately (fig. 27) to its own MPP system (Maximum Power Point), which, in turn, charges the energy of its own voltage equalization system, which, in turn, charges energy on the common DC energy collection bar, (57), - each 3D PV erector and each PV module chain with the same spatial geometric orientation, flows the energy, in the following way (fig. 27): separately, by each PV module chain, with the same spatial orientation, an MPP system specific to that PV module chain. and at which the MPP system, specific to the respective PV chain, is charging the energy of 2018 00097 15/02/2018 a system of voltage equalization with the voltage of the flow, and at which, each voltage equalizer flows the energy on the common energy collection bar in DC, - other PV modules or PV capture assemblies located in a manner without searching for the solar direction, from the same vehicle or object, are, for each geometrical insulation zone of the machine, respectively for each same direction of light reception, connected separately to each with its own MPP device, followed by its own voltage equalization device, and downstream, to the common DC collecting bar of the vehicle, and in which, for both 2D and 3D PV, as well as for other sub-assemblies with PV modules, from the vehicle or object concerned, each PV module is provided with an energy transfer diode over the respective PV element, in case that PV mode is shaded. 18. System for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9.16, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: - each PV 2D erector flows the energy separately (fig. 27) to its own MPP (Maximum Power Point) system, which, in turn, charges the energy of its own voltage equalization system, which in turn, charges energy on the common DC energy collection bar, (57), - each PV 3D erector and each PV module chain with the same spatial geometric orientation, flows the energy in the following way (fig. 27). separately, by each chain of PV modules, with the same spatial orientation, an MPP system specific to that chain of PV modules, and in which the MPP system, specific to the respective PV chain, flows the energy of a voltage equalization system with the flow voltage, and at which, each voltage equalizer charges the energy on the common DC energy bar, - other PV modules or PV capture assemblies located in a manner without searching for the solar direction, from the same vehicle or object, are, for each geometrical insulation zone of the machine, respectively for each same direction of light reception, connected separately to each with its own MPP device, followed by its own voltage equalization device, and downstream, to the common DC collecting bar of the vehicle, and in which, for both 2D and 3D PV, as well as for other sub-assemblies with PV modules, from the vehicle or object, each PV module is provided with an energy transfer diode over the respective PV element, in case that PV mode is shaded. 2018/2097 02/15/2018 ^^^ (18) System for PV / photovoltaic means of solar energy, according to claim 9, for integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and water vehicles, and of other objectives, characterized in that: the common bar for collecting energy in DC, from PV systems, of the vehicle, is connected, (fig. 27), to: - the battery charging subsystem (53), - a connector (51), which allows the delivery of electricity in c. c. to users located outside the respective vehicle, - MPP devices (41), (43) and voltage equalizers (42), (44), for receiving on the common energy collection bar in DC, the energy captured from 2 (exemplary) PV module chains - MPP devices (45), (47) and voltage equalizers (46), (48), for receiving on the common DC energy collection bar, the energy captured by other PV modules, fixedly mounted (without solar trackers) on the same vehicle or object, - a cc./c.a inverter. (51), connected to the protectors and connector (52), which allows the delivery of electricity in c. A., To the users disposed outside the respective vehicle, - a connector, (49), which allows the outside of the vehicle to receive electricity in c.a., and - its conversion, with an inverter c.a. / c.c. (50), and directing this energy to the sub-system of the collection bar in DC, - the transmission of the energy received from the public network, directly to the battery charging device of the vehicle. 19. A system for the capture by PV / photovoltaic means of the solar energy, according to claim 9, for the integral or partial supply, with electricity, of the land vehicles and of the vehicles on the water, and of other objectives, characterized in that: it is provided with a sub-system of automation, monitoring, measurement and actuation of the elements that are displaced during the capture as well as of the folding / unfolding, and alternatively of the retraction - de-retraction of the erectors, a sub-system which: (a) - based on the sensors for identifying the position of the sun, in azimuth and elevation, elaborate and operate the turret, erector, tilt, erector, or tilt plate commands, which support the erector, in the report with turret, to 2018 00097 15/02/2018 (b) - based on sensors or systems for measuring the position of rotation and tilt, and control algorithms, performs the erector's framing within the imposed space constraints, namely by ensuring the optimum energy inclination angle of the erector in the situation compliance with these restrictions. (c) - based on proximity sensors, sensors or systems for measuring rotational and inclination position, and control algorithms, eliminates the impact between erectors on the use of several erectors on the same vehicle, and performs the erector positioning procedure, in the view of obtaining an energetic arrangement favorable to the maximized harvest and the diminution of the shading between the erectors (back tracking), and in which, the actuating elements for obtaining the optimum position of capture, are controlled cyclically, at predetermined periods of time, until the transient moments of reaching the balance ( equality) between the signal levels from the sun position sensors: right rotation direction sensor and left rotation direction sensor for azimuth control and tilt sensor and lift sensor for elevation control. 20. System for PV / photovoltaic means capture of solar energy, according to claim 9, for integral or partial supply, with electricity, of land vehicles and vehicles on water, and other objectives, characterized in that: on land vehicles, respectively on water, (fig. 29) (a), (b) multiple solar energy capture systems are installed: - by arranging them within the existing dimensions of the vehicle, respectively of the vehicle roof, respectively of the folded storage enclosure, of the capture systems, and / or - by increasing the folding enclosure and possibly retracting the capture systems, including: • (a) extension of the length and width of the folding and retracting enclosure, (fig. 29) (c), within the limits allowed by the surface of the vehicle roof, so that a large number of erector sub-systems (2), provided with PV modules (8) or with 3D PV groups, and / or • (b) by modifying the vehicle's architecture, by increasing the dimensions of the front and / or rear sections of the vehicle, to accept more heating systems, (fig. 29) (c), to 2018 00097 15/02/2018 by generating vehicles with a new architecture characterized by: lengthening the roof of the vehicle above the engine, and or extending the rear extension of the vehicle such that the surface of the rear of the vehicle allows the installation of an increased number of systems.