RS65489B1 - Uređaj za mešanje - Google Patents

Uređaj za mešanje

Info

Publication number
RS65489B1
RS65489B1 RS20240495A RSP20240495A RS65489B1 RS 65489 B1 RS65489 B1 RS 65489B1 RS 20240495 A RS20240495 A RS 20240495A RS P20240495 A RSP20240495 A RS P20240495A RS 65489 B1 RS65489 B1 RS 65489B1
Authority
RS
Serbia
Prior art keywords
gas
mixing
liquid
mpa
bar
Prior art date
Application number
RS20240495A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Riedlinger
Original Assignee
Rampf Production Systems Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rampf Production Systems Gmbh & Co Kg filed Critical Rampf Production Systems Gmbh & Co Kg
Publication of RS65489B1 publication Critical patent/RS65489B1/sr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
    • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B01F25/3143—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector
    • B01F25/31432—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit characterised by the specific design of the injector being a slit extending in the circumferential direction only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4334—Mixers with a converging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/272—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces
    • B01F27/2722—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces provided with ribs, ridges or grooves on one surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/27—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices
    • B01F27/272—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces
    • B01F27/2723—Mixers with stator-rotor systems, e.g. with intermeshing teeth or cylinders or having orifices with means for moving the materials to be mixed axially between the surfaces of the rotor and the stator, e.g. the stator rotor system formed by conical or cylindrical surfaces the surfaces having a conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/40—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes
    • B01F33/402—Mixers using gas or liquid agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes comprising supplementary stirring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/754—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer
    • B01F35/7547—Discharge mechanisms characterised by the means for discharging the components from the mixer using valves, gates, orifices or openings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/401—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft having a casing closely surrounding the rotor, e.g. with a plunger for feeding the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/405—Mixing heads
    • B29B7/407—Mixing heads with a casing closely surrounding the rotor, e.g. with conical rotor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/582—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for discharging, e.g. doors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7404—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances
    • B29B7/7409—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances with supply of gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7404—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances
    • B29B7/7409—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances with supply of gas
    • B29B7/7414—Mixing devices specially adapted for foamable substances with supply of gas with rotatable stirrer, e.g. using an intermeshing rotor-stator system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
    • B29B7/7615—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head characterised by arrangements for controlling, measuring or regulating, e.g. for feeding or proportioning the components
    • B29B7/7621—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head characterised by arrangements for controlling, measuring or regulating, e.g. for feeding or proportioning the components involving introducing a gas or another component in at least one of the components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/2805—Mixing plastics, polymer material ingredients, monomers or oligomers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/045—Numerical flow-rate values
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0436—Operational information
    • B01F2215/0468—Numerical pressure values
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0486—Material property information
    • B01F2215/0495—Numerical values of viscosity of substances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2335—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the direction of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer
    • B01F23/23352—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the direction of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer the gas moving perpendicular to the axis of rotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/233—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements
    • B01F23/2336—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the location of the place of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer
    • B01F23/23365—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using driven stirrers with completely immersed stirring elements characterised by the location of the place of introduction of the gas relative to the stirrer the gas being introduced at the radial periphery of the stirrer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/76—Mixers with stream-impingement mixing head
    • B29B7/7631—Parts; Accessories
    • B29B7/7652—Construction of the discharge orifice, opening or nozzle
    • B29B7/7657—Adjustable discharge orifices, openings or nozzle openings, e.g. for controlling the rate of dispensing

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Description

Opis
[0001] Ovaj pronalazak odnosi se na uređaj za mešanje prve tečnosti i druge tečnosti sa gasom prema uvodnom delu patentnog zahteva 1.
[0002] Ranije poznati uređaji za mešanje mešaju gas, kao što je vazduh, sa nekom tečnošću ili mešavinom tečnosti korišćenjem najmanje jednog elementa za mešanje, kao što su na primer diskovi za rastvaranje. Velike sile smicanja nastaju usled dejstva elementa za mešanje na tečnost ili mešavinu tečnosti, čime se, između ostalog, menja tiksotropija tečnosti ili mešavine tečnosti.
[0003] Posebno, u slučaju gde se gas dovodi u tečnost pre mešanja sa drugom tečnošću, postoji negativan uticaj na preciznost doziranja zbog stišljivosti tečnosti kojoj se dodaje gas, tako da se odnos mešanja dve tečnosti jedne s drugom ne može precizno podesiti ili se bar samo može podesiti uz veliki napor merenjem nivoa punjenja.
[0004] Iz US 2017/216873 A1, koji se smatra najbližim stanjem tehnike, poznat je uređaj za mešanje prve tečnosti i druge tečnosti sa gasom u komori za mešanje, pri čemu uređaj za mešanje obuhvata dozirnu jedinicu preko koje može da se reguliše protok gasa. Dalje se treba pozvati na dokument US 2 263892 A.
[0005] Predmet ovog pronalaska je kako obezbediti uređaj za mešanje koji može da meša gas sa najmanje jednom tečnošću na pojednostavljen način i bez negativnog uticaja na komponente koje se mešaju.
[0006] Ovaj cilj se postiže uređajem za mešanje prve tečnosti i druge tečnosti sa gasom prema patentnom zahtevu 1.
[0007] Već u ovom trenutku treba napomenuti da pojam „tečnost“ ovde treba razumeti kao tečni i pastozni materijal, odnosno uopšteno, svaki materijal koji je pogodan za mešanje sa gasom.
[0008] Zbog činjenice da se u uređaju za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku ne koristi element za mešanje koji disperguje gas, mogu se izbeći velike sile smicanja. Osim toga, na ovaj način se može postići da temperatura odgovarajuće tečnosti ili mešavine tečnost-gas bude suštinski homogena.
[0009] Budući da se gas dovodi u komoru za mešanje u uređaju za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku, tečnosti koje treba da se mešaju mogu da ostanu nestišljive do njihovog uvođenja u komoru za mešanje. Ovo znači da se odnos mešanja dve tečnosti u komori za mešanje može podesiti sa velikom preciznošću. Osim toga, moguće je korišćenje visoko tiksotropnih materijala. Ovaj pozitivan efekat se zadržava čak i ako se gas dovodi samo u jednu od tečnosti pre nego što dođe u kontakt sa drugom tečnošću, ali unutar komore za mešanje.
[0010] Za razliku od mlaznica za doziranje, dozirna jedinica prema ovom pronalasku sa izduženim otvorom omogućava fino, i preko površine, uvođenje gasa u mešavinu tečnosti.
[0011] Količina gasa reguliše se u uređaju za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku razlikom u pritiscima između pritiska koji vlada u komori za mešanje i pritiska koji vlada u izvoru gasa. Na ovaj način, količina gasa koja ulazi u komoru za mešanje direktno zavisi od pritiska komore za mešanje.
[0012] Dozirna jedinica izvedena je od dva međusobno spojena pločasta elementa. Izdužen otvor je rezultat hrapavosti dve površine oslonjene jedna na drugu (u smislu funkcije membrane).
[0013] Pločasti elementi suštinski su oslonjeni jedan na drugog celom površinom. Dimenzionisanjem pločastih elemenata, posebno u pravcu dubine izduženog otvora, odnosno duž pravca strujanja gasa između pločastih elemenata, mogu se podešavati parametri kao što su, na primer veličina mehurova gasa i/ili pritisak gasa na ulazu u komoru za mešanje.
[0014] Osim toga, površine pločastih elemenata oslonjene jedna na drugu mogu da imaju prosečnu površinsku hrapavost od najviše Ra 0,1, posebno od najviše Ra 0,05, povoljno od Ra 0,03. Očigledno je da mala prosečna površinska hrapavost uzrokuje malu propustljivost vazduha dok velika prosečna površinska hrapavost uzrokuje veliku propustljivost vazduha. U ovom trenutku treba napomenuti da je hrapavost Ra data ovde u µm.
[0015] U daljem razvoju ovog pronalaska, pločasti elementi mogu biti konstruisani kao prstenasti diskovi, pri čemu strana dozirne jedinice na kojoj izlazi gas može biti izvedena s unutrašnje strane prstena. Izvođenjem izduženog otvora u obliku prstena, može se povećati ulazna površina dozirne jedinice, preko koje se gas uvodi u mešavinu tečnosti. Ako je strana dozirne jedinice na kojoj izlazi gas izvedena s unutrašnje strane prstena, mešavina tečnosti može, na primer, da se u potpunosti vodi kroz prsten i tako u nju prodire gas ravnomerno po poprečnom preseku toka mešavine tečnosti.
[0016] Pločasti elementi mogu da budu izrađeni od metala, posebno tvrdog metala kao što je kaljeni čelik, i/ili aluminijuma kao što je anodizirani aluminijum, i/ili od keramike i/ili od politetrafluoretilena. Posebno, materijali čija se površinska hrapavost može podesiti nakon njihove izrade, na primer brušenjem, mogu biti pogodni za proizvodnju pločastih elemenata.
[0017] Dalje, pločasti elementi mogu se izraditi od nekog poroznog materijala. Kao porozni materijal ovde se posebno podrazumeva porozni materijal sa otvorenim porama, kroz čije pore može da prođe gas. U ovom slučaju, pločasti elementi se mogu takođe izraditi kao integralne komponente. Naravno, takođe je predviđen materijal sa zatvorenim porama.
[0018] U povoljnom razvoju, dozirna jedinica može da ima protok od najviše 100 cm<3>/s na pritisku od približno 20 bara, posebno protok od najviše 20 cm<3>/s na pritisku od približno 4 bara. Pokazalo se da se sa takvim vrednostima može postići posebno dobro mešanje mešavine tečnosti sa gasom.
[0019] Naravno, kod uređaja za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku takođe je predviđeno da uređaj za mešanje može dalje da obuhvata mešalicu koja meša prvu tečnost, drugu tečnost i dodavani gas, jedne s drugima. Međutim, kao što je već pomenuto na početku, prema ovom pronalasku moguće je izostaviti mešalicu koja je odgovorna za disperziju, posebno usitnjavanje, mehurova gasa u mešavini tečnosti.
[0020] Mešalica može da bude izvedena tako da radi sa brzinom obrtanja od najviše 10.000 o/min, posebno od najviše 6.000 o/min.
[0021] U nekom mogućem načinu ostvarivanja uređaja za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku, gas može biti vazduh.
[0022] U slučaju primene gde su prednosti ovog pronalaska posebno očigledne, prva tečnost može da ima viskoznost od 100 mPa·s do 500.000 mPa·s, posebno od 500 mPa·s do 100.000 mPa·s.
[0023] Alternativno ili dodatno, druga tečnost može da ima viskoznost od 20 mPa·s do 200.000 mPas, posebno od 150 mPa·s do 100.000 mPa·s.
[0024] Određenije, prva tečnost može da bude poliol ili silikon A i/ili druga tečnost može da bude izocijanat ili silikon B. Posebno, ovaj pronalazak može da omogući da se tiksotropija poliola ne menja, ili bar samo neznatno da se menja, tako da se mogu izbeći negativni efekti promene tiksotropije pri rukovanju poliolom, a koji se javljaju kod uređaja za mešanje iz stanja tehnike.
[0025] Uopšteno, tiksotropija se klasifikuje na oblasti „nisko tiksotropni“, „srednje tiksotropni“ i „visoko tiksotropni“.
[0026] Povoljno, unapred određeni pritisak gasa obezbeđenog iz izvora gasa može da iznosi 1 bar do 30 bara, posebno 15 bara do 25 bara, povoljno 24 bara.
[0027] U nastavku je ovaj pronalazak detaljnije opisan uz upućivanje na priloženi nacrt. On prikazuje: Fig.1 je prikaz poprečnog preseka uređaja za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku.
[0028] Na Fig.1 je uređaj za mešanje prema ovom pronalasku generalno označen pozivnom oznakom 10. Uređaj 10 za mešanje obuhvata kućište 12 u kojem je postavljen element 14 koji se prostire u glavnom smeru A toka tečnosti koje teku kroz uređaj 10 za mešanje. Element 14 obrazuje spoljni zid komore 16 za mešanje. U prvoj tački 18 ulaska u komoru 16 za mešanje, prva tečnost ulazi u komoru 16 za mešanje. Druga tečnost ulazi u komoru 16 za mešanje u drugoj tački 20 ulaska.
[0029] Odgovarajući izvori ili rezervoari za skladištenje prve i druge tečnosti postavljeni su u jedinici na višem nivou (nije prikazana), koja je postavljena uzvodno u odnosu na glavni smer A toka i sa kojom je uređaj 10 za mešanje povezan nekim uređajem 22 za pričvršćivanje, kao što je na primer pričvrsna navrtka 22.
[0030] Prvi pločasti element 24 postavljen je susedno tačkama 18 i 20 ulaska obe tečnosti, pri čemu je njegova donja strana 26 zaptivena u odnosu na radijalnu spoljnu stranu zaptivkom 28 koja uzajamno deluje sa prvim pločastim elementom 24 i kućištem 12. Prvi pločasti element 24 je ovde izveden suštinski kao prstenasti disk.
[0031] Radijalni unutrašnji deo prvog pločastog elementa 24 oslanja se na drugi pločasti element 30 kojeg obrazuje prstenasti deo elementa 14 koji ograničava komoru 16 za mešanje.
[0032] Između prvog pločastog elementa 24 i drugog pločastog elementa 30 obrazovan je otvor 32 kroz koji može da ulazi gas u komoru 16 za mešanje na definisan način. Da bi se obezbedio gas na radijalnoj spoljašnjoj strani otvora 32, obezbeđen je prstenasti žleb 34 koji okružuje taj otvor, koji je izrađen u prvom pločastom elementu 24. Prstenasti žleb 34 je, na strani prikazanoj desno na Fig.1, u fluidnoj vezi sa otvorima 38 koji uspostavljaju vezu između prstenastog žleba 34 i spoljašnje strane oko kućišta 12, tako da izvor 40 gasa može da dovodi gas pod unapred određenim pritiskom u prstenasti žleb 34.
[0033] Na ovaj način, otvor 32 kojeg obrazuju prvi pločasti element 24 i drugi pločasti element 30 formira dozirnu jedinicu 42 koja može da uvodi gas u mešavinu tečnosti, kao što je na primer vazduh, obezbeđen iz izvora 40 gasa, po celom spoljnjem obimu toka mešavine tečnosti koja se sastoji od prve ili druge tečnost koje se uvode u komoru 16 za mešanje u tačkama 18 i 20 ulaska. Dozirna jedinica 42 i izvor 40 gasa mogu se zajedno posmatrati kao uređaj 36 za ubrizgavanje gasa.
[0034] Odgovarajućom izradom ili obradom površinske hrapavosti površina prvog pločastog elementa 24 i drugog pločastog elementa 30 koje su u kontaktu jedna s drugom, može se vrlo precizno podesiti protok gasa kroz otvor 32 i/ili veličina mehurova gasa koji iz otvora 32 ulaze u mešavinu tečnosti koja je u komori 16 za mešanje.
[0035] Mešalica 44 postavljena je u središtu komore 16 za mešanje i izvedena je za mešanje prve tečnosti, druge tečnosti i gasa zajedno. Kao što se može videti na Fig.1, dozirna jedinica 42 ili otvor 32 izveden je neposredno uz tačke 18 i 20 ulaska prve i druge tečnosti. Na ovaj način može se maksimizirati put transporta od dela uređaja 10 za mešanje gde se prva tečnost, druga tečnost i gas inicijalno mešaju jedni s drugima, do izlaznog kraja 46 uređaja 10 za mešanje, čime može da se poboljša rezultat mešanja prethodno pomenutih komponenata.
[0036] Mešalica 44 ima žlebove 48 na svom spoljašnjem obimu, koji mogu da poboljšaju zahvatanje mešavine gas-tečnost i, na taj način, mešanje komponenata.
[0037] Uređaj 10 za mešanje dalje obuhvata jedinicu 50 za zatvaranje koja obuhvata element 52 za zatvaranje koji može da uzajamno deluje sa mešalicom 44 na takav način da se može sprečiti ispuštanje mešavine gas-tečnost na izlaznom kraju 46 uređaja 10 za mešanje. Da bi se zatvorila jedinica 50 za zatvaranje, može da se uvede fluid pod unapred određenim pritiskom u prostor 54 koji je obezbeđen u kućištu 12 uređaja 10 za mešanje, a koji dovodi do pomeranja podiznog mehanizma 56 jedinice 50 za zatvaranje u smeru nagore na Fig.1, kako bi se element 52 za zatvaranje približio mešalici 44, to jest da bi se zatvorio izlazni kraj 46.
Patentni zahtevi

Claims (13)

1. Uređaj (10) za mešanje neke prve tečnosti i neke druge tečnosti sa nekim gasom, koji obuhvata komoru (16) za mešanje u kojoj prva tečnost dolazi u kontakt sa drugom tečnošću, i uređaj (36) za ubrizgavanje gasa, koji je konstruisan da ubrizgava gas u komoru (16) za mešanje, pri čemu uređaj (36) za ubrizgavanje gasa obuhvata:
izvor (40) gasa, koji obezbeđuje gas pod unapred određenim pritiskom, i
dozirnu jedinicu (42) koja je konstruisana tako da ograniči gas obezbeđen iz izvora (40) gasa na unapred određen protok i koja je u vezi sa komorom (16) za mešanje na svojoj strani na kojoj izlazi gas,
naznačen time, što strana dozirne jedinice (42) na kojoj izlazi gas obuhvata izdužen otvor (32) kroz koji izlazi gas iz dozirne jedinice (42) u komoru (16) za mešanje, što je dozirna jedinica (42) izvedena od dva, međusobno spojena, pločasta elementa (24, 30), i
što pločasti elementi (24, 30) naležu jedan na drugog suštinski celom površinom, pri čemu izdužen otvor (32) nastaje usled hrapavosti dve površine koje naležu jedna na drugu.
2. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema zahtevu 1,
naznačen time, što površine pločastih elemenata (24, 30) koje naležu jedna na drugu imaju prosečnu površinsku hrapavost od najviše Ra 0,1, posebno od najviše Ra 0,05, povoljno od Ra 0,03.
3. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što su pločasti elementi (24, 30) izvedeni kao prstenasti diskovi, pri čemu je strana dozirne jedinice (42) na kojoj izlazi gas izvedena s unutrašnje strane prstena.
4. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što su pločasti elementi (24, 30) izrađeni od metala, posebno od čelika ili aluminijuma, i/ili od keramike i/ili od politetrafluoretilena.
5. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što su pločasti elementi (24, 30) izrađeni od nekog poroznog materijala.
6. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što dozirna jedinica (42) ima protok od najviše 100 cm<3>/s na pritisku od približno 20 bara, posebno protok od najviše 20 cm<3>/s na pritisku od približno 4 bara.
7. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što uređaj (10) za mešanje dalje obuhvata mešalicu (44) koja meša prvu tečnost, drugu tečnost i dodavani gas zajedno.
8. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema prethodnom zahtevu,
naznačen time, što je mešalica (44) izvedena tako da radi sa brzinom obrtanja od najviše 10.000 o/min, posebno od najviše 6.000 o/min.
9. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što je gas vazduh.
10. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što prva tečnost ima viskoznost od 100 mPa·s do 500.000 mPa·s, posebno od 500 mPa·s do 100.000 mPas.
11. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što druga tečnost ima viskoznost od 20 mPa·s do 200.000 mPa·s, posebno od 150 mPa·s do 100.000 mPa s.
12. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što je prva tečnost poliol ili silikon A i/ili druga tečnost je izocijanat ili silikon B.
13. Uređaj (10) za mešanje prema bilo kom od prethodnih zahteva, naznačen time, što unapred određeni pritisak gasa obezbeđenog iz izvora gasa iznosi 1 bar do 30 bara, posebno 15 bara do 25 bara, povoljno 24 bara.
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