RS954U

RS954U - Spinal column traction table

Info

Publication number: RS954U
Application number: RSMP-2007/0144U
Authority: RS
Inventors: Branko Vorkapić; Obrad Ristić
Original assignee: Branko Vorkapić; Obrad Ristić
Priority date: 2007-11-12
Filing date: 2007-11-12
Publication date: 2008-08-07

Abstract

Sto za trakciju kičmenog stuba naznačen time, što se u osnovi sastoji od ramske konstrukcije postolja (2), sklopa ležaja (3) i držača (4) za vrat, pri čemu postolje (2) sadrži tri para nogica, što je sa donje strane sklopa ležaja (3) na sredini izmedju zadnjih nogica postolja (2), postavljen teleskopski podizač (5) ležaja (3), što se sklop ležaja (3) sastoji od gornjeg nepokretnog naslona (6) za glavu, na sredini smeštenog pokretnog naslona (7) za trup i na donjem delu smeštenog pokretnog naslo na (8) za karlicu i donje ekstremitete, pri čemu su nasloni (6, 7, 8) tapacirana i izradjeni najpovoljnije od materijala koji se koristi za izradu sportskih kožnih strunjača, što je na gornjem kraju ležaja (3), odnosno na postolju (2), smešten nepokretni naslon (6) za glavu izveden kao tapacirana ploča i što je iznad naslona (6) učvršćen ojačani držač (4) vrata pacijenta koji se sastoji od nosača (20), podešivača (21) visine sa španerom, horizontalnog nosača (22) i vratne manžetne (23). Prijava sadrži još 2 zavisna patentna zahteva.Spinal traction table, characterized in that it consists essentially of the frame structure of the base (2), the bearing assembly (3) and the neck support (4), the base (2) having three pairs of legs, which is on the underside bearing assembly (3) in the middle between the rear legs of the stand (2), a telescopic lifter (5) of the bearing (3), which consists of a bearing assembly (3) consisting of a top fixed head rest (6) in the middle of the movable seat ( 7) for the torso and on the lower part of the movable base on (8) for the pelvis and lower extremities, the supports (6, 7, 8) being upholstered and made most advantageously from the material used for the manufacture of sports leather mats, which is the upper end of the bearing (3) or on the stand (2), a fixed head rest (6) arranged as an upholstered panel and a reinforced patient-friendly bracket (4) of the patient's neck (20) fastened above the rest (6). , height adjusters (21) with spinner, horizontal bracket (2 2) and neck cuffs (23). The application contains 2 more dependent claims.

Description

Oblast tehnikeTechnical field

Predmet pronalaska pripada, uopšteno posmatrano, u oblast tekućih životnih potreba, odnosno u oblast zdravlja, zaštite i razonode, bliže u oblast medicinskih ili veterinarskih nauka, odnosno u oblast aparata za fizikalnu terapiju. Predmet pronalaska, takodje može pripadati i oblasti sportova, igara i razonode. The subject of the invention belongs, generally speaking, to the field of ongoing life needs, i.e. to the field of health, protection and leisure, more closely to the field of medical or veterinary sciences, i.e. to the field of apparatus for physical therapy. The subject of the invention can also belong to the field of sports, games and entertainment.

Prema Medjunarodnoj klasifikaciji patenata(MKP7)predmet pronalaska je označen i klasifikovan osnovnim klasifikacionim simbolima A 61 H1/02koji se odnosi na aparate za pasivno vežbanje, odnosno aparate za istezanje ili savijanje iA 63 B 23/02koji se odnosi na uredjaje za vežbanje posebno prilagodjene za trbuh, kičmeni stub ili ramena. According to the International Classification of Patents (IPC7), the subject of the invention is marked and classified with the basic classification symbols A 61 H1/02, which refers to devices for passive exercise, i.e. devices for stretching or bending, and A 63 B 23/02, which refers to exercise devices specially adapted for the abdomen, spine or shoulders.

Tehnički problemTechnical problem

Tehnički problem koji se želi rešiti predmetnim pronalaskom sastoji se u sledecem: kako konstrukcijski izvesti uredjaj u obliku stola koji bi koristeći silu zemljine teže imao osnovnu namenu za istezanje pojedinačno vratnog ili slabinskog dela kičmenog stuba, a koji bi bio jednostavne konstrukcije, efikasan, praktičan i lak za montažu, održavanje i rukovanje, pri čemu bi sto bio stabilan, dugog veka trajanja, ekonomski isplatljiv i zadovoljavao stroge standarde za uredjaje ovoga tipa i namene. Ovime bi se dobio sto koji bi omogućio fizioterapeutsko i trenažno vežbanje-trakciju kičmenog stuba i zavisnih mišića. The technical problem that is to be solved by the present invention consists in the following: how to construct a device in the form of a table that would use the force of the earth's gravity to have the basic purpose of stretching the individual cervical or lumbar part of the spinal column, and which would be of simple construction, efficient, practical and easy to assemble, maintain and handle, while the table would be stable, long-lasting, economically profitable and meet the strict standards for devices of this type and purpose. This would provide a table that would enable physiotherapeutic and training exercise-traction of the spinal column and dependent muscles.

Stanje tehnike State of the art

Uzroci bola u ledjima mogu biti veoma složeni i različiti. Promene na jednoj vrsti tkiva dovode do poremećaja i na ostalima. Stoga, bez obzira na uzrok, osveženje i očuvanje mišićno skeletnih struktura, posturalna korekcija, uspostavljanje statičko-dinamičke ravnoteže, će rezultovati poboljšanjem opšteg stanja i zadovoljavajućom funkcijom lokomotornog organa. The causes of back pain can be very complex and varied. Changes in one type of tissue lead to disorders in others. Therefore, regardless of the cause, refreshment and preservation of muscular and skeletal structures, postural correction, establishment of static-dynamic balance, will result in improvement of the general condition and satisfactory function of the locomotor organ.

Bolesti koštano-mišićnog sistema slabinsko-krsne regije i kukova, kao što su spondvlosa (degenerativno oboljenje tela pršljena), spondvloartroza (oboljenje malih zglobnih površina kičmenog pršljena) ili discopathia-discushernia (oštećenje diskalnog aparata pršljena) sa kinezi stanovišta leče se istezanjem skraćenih mišićnih grupa, tetiva i ligamentarnog aparata, savijanjem mekih struktura obolelog i jačanjem mišićno-ligamentarnog aparata i ostalih struktura. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the lumbosacral region and hips, such as spondvlosa (degenerative disease of the vertebral body), spondvloarthrosis (disease of the small articular surfaces of the spinal vertebra) or discopathy-discushernia (damage to the disc apparatus of the vertebra) are treated from a kinesis point of view by stretching the shortened muscle groups, tendons and ligamentous apparatus, bending the soft structures of the patient and strengthening the muscular-ligamentous apparatus and other structures.

Trakcija tj. ekstenzija je oblik lećenja, odnosno terapijska procedura kojom se postiže povećanje intraartikularnog prostora čime se smanjuje dejstvo kompresivnog faktora i smanjuje bol. Traction ie. extension is a form of healing, that is, a therapeutic procedure that achieves an increase in the intra-articular space, which reduces the effect of the compressive factor and reduces pain.

Dosadašnji pristup preventivnoj zaštiti ili lečenju i rehabilitaciji ovih obolenja i stanja svodio se na rad terapeuta na izvodjenju aktivno potpomognutih vežbi ili nekih pomagala. U tom cilju poznate su razne vrste ortopedski anatomskih jastuka, razne magnetisane elastične trake, kriotermokauteri i toplotne obloge, pneumatski i drugi mideri i si. The previous approach to preventive protection or treatment and rehabilitation of these diseases and conditions was limited to the therapist's work on performing actively supported exercises or some aids. For this purpose, various types of orthopedic anatomical pillows, various magnetized elastic bands, cryothermocautery and heat packs, pneumatic and other miders, etc. are known.

Takodje, postoje brojna rešenja uredjaja za tretman kičmenog stuba, ili kako se još popularno zovu, trenažera i to od veoma jednostavnih konstrukcija pa sve do izuzetno sofisticiranih i komplikovanih uredjaja. Generalno posmatrano svi se ovi uredjaji, odnosno naprave, dele u dve osnovne grupe: uredjaji za vertikalno i uredjaji za horizontalno istezanje kičmenog stuba odnosno savijanje i jačanje mišićno-ligamentarnog aparata. Also, there are numerous solutions of devices for the treatment of the spinal column, or as they are popularly called, trainers, from very simple constructions to extremely sophisticated and complicated devices. Generally speaking, all these devices, that is, devices, are divided into two basic groups: devices for vertical and devices for horizontal stretching of the spinal column, that is, bending and strengthening of the muscular-ligamentous apparatus.

Tako na primer iz patentne literature poznat je uredjaj iz YU malog patenta broj 47MP pod nazivom "Uredjaj za aktivaciju ljudskog kičmenog stuba". Takodje, iz YU malog patenta broj 424MP poznata je još jedna naprava pod nazivom "Naprava za istezanje kičmenog stuba". For example, a device from YU small patent number 47MP called "Device for activating the human spinal column" is known from the patent literature. Also, from the YU small patent number 424MP, another device called "Device for stretching the spinal column" is known.

Još jedno poznato rešenje prikazano je u YU malom patentu broj 424 pod nazivom "Naprava za istezanje kičmenog stuba". Naprava se odlikuje time što je primenljiva za korišćenje od strane korisnika, koji imaju razne tegobe sa pršljenovima kičmenog stuba. Bitna odlika je konstrukcijska povezanost dva, paralelno postavljena kriva nosača i izmedju njih umetnutih poprečnih prečki, gde su prečke svojim ispustima umetnute u rupe izvedene po zamišljenoj krivoj površini nosača, pri čemu su rastojanja izmedju dva nosača i izmedju prečki takva da naprava svojim oblikom naleže uz kičmeni stub korisnika, prateći anatomiju i raspored pršljenova njegovog kičmenog stuba. Another known solution is shown in YU small patent number 424 entitled "Device for stretching the spinal column". The device is characterized by the fact that it is applicable for use by users who have various problems with the vertebrae of the spinal column. An important feature is the structural connection of two, parallel curved supports and transverse crossbars inserted between them, where the crossbars are inserted with their outlets into holes made along the imagined curved surface of the support, whereby the distances between the two supports and between the crossbars are such that the shape of the device rests against the user's spinal column, following the anatomy and arrangement of the vertebrae of his spinal column.

Jedno drugo rešenje je poznato iz YU patenta broj 49055 pod nazivom "Sto za nameštanje kičme". Rešenje je izvedeno u obliku stola koji obuhvata ležaljku koja se sastoji od ledjnog i od nožnog dela koji su svaki za sebe oslonjeni zglobnim vezama u pripadajućim zglobovima na postolju, pri čemu su ledjni i nožni deo ležaljke, takodje medjusobno spojeni zglobnom vezom. Ova zglobna veza spregnuta je sa mehanizmom pokretanim elektromotorom, kojim se vrši vertikalno podizanje i spuštanje sastavnog zgloba, pri čemu se sto-ležaljka na ovom mestu prelama a segmenti ležaljke se zakreću oko svojih nosećih zglobova. Na ovaj način, ugao od 180°, koji su u horizontalnom položaju ležaljke zaklapali nožni i ledjni segmenti po želji se povećava ili smanjuje. Pacijent-korisnik je u ležećem položaju i rukama je oslonjen na držačima učvršćenim na nepokretnom ledjnom segmentu ležaljke, dok je na odgovarajućim veznim elementima vezan za pokretni nožni segment. Ovaj segment je pri tome opterećen tegom ili zategnutom oprugom kojima se može regulisati veličina sile koja pomera nožni segment koji je aksijalno pomičan na svom nosećem ramu, što dovodi do ekstenzije kičmenog stuba korisnika. Ovaj efekat ekstenzije pojačan je postavljanjem ekscentrične užetnjače sa elektromotorom promenljivog broja obrta na prenosnom mehanizmu sile pomeranja nožnog segmenta, usled čega nastaje impulsivna ekstenzija. Ispod ležaljke naspram lumbalnog dela korisnika ugradjen je vibracioni uredjaj za dodatnu masažu. Another solution is known from YU patent number 49055 under the name "Spine adjustment table". The solution is made in the form of a table that includes a lounge chair, which consists of a back and a leg part, each of which is independently supported by joints in the corresponding joints on the base, where the back and leg part of the lounger are also connected to each other by joints. This hinged connection is coupled with a mechanism driven by an electric motor, which vertically raises and lowers the component joint, whereby the table-lounger breaks at this point and the segments of the lounger rotate around their supporting joints. In this way, the angle of 180°, which in the horizontal position of the lounger is closed by the leg and back segments, can be increased or decreased as desired. The patient-user is in a lying position and his hands are supported on the holders fixed on the immovable back segment of the lounge chair, while he is attached to the movable leg segment on the corresponding connecting elements. This segment is then loaded with a weight or a tensioned spring that can regulate the magnitude of the force that moves the leg segment that is axially movable on its supporting frame, which leads to the extension of the user's spinal column. This extension effect is enhanced by placing an eccentric rope with an electric motor of variable number of revolutions on the transmission mechanism of the movement force of the leg segment, as a result of which an impulsive extension occurs. A vibrating device for additional massage is installed under the deck chair opposite the lumbar part of the user.

Još jedno rešenje poznato iz EP prijave patenta broj 93117341,3 pod nazivom "Uredjaj za lečenje, fizikalnu terapiju, rehabilitaciju, rekreaciju i trening kičmenog stuba i ostalih delova ljudskog tela". Ovaj uredjaj obuhvata postolje sa sedištem za korisnika i sa vertikalno lučno savijenom cevi postavljenom iza ovog sedišta. Uležištena lučno savijena cev spregnuta je sa mehanizmom za njeno obrtanje pogonjena elektromotorom, odnosno alternativno nožnim pedalama. Na gornjem kraju lučno savijene cevi, koji se okreće po helikoidalnoj putanji, postavljeni su klizni elementi sa remenovima za vezivanje gornjeg dela tela korisnika i to ledjima za ovu cev. Na uredjaju je istovremeno postavljen mehanizam za kontrolisano istezanje kičmenog stuba korisnika, ručno pokretan ili pokretan elektromotorom. Na lučno savijenoj cevi postavljen je i vibracioni uredjaj za dodatnu masažu. Another solution known from EP patent application number 93117341,3 entitled "Device for treatment, physical therapy, rehabilitation, recreation and training of the spinal column and other parts of the human body". This device includes a stand with a seat for the user and with a vertically curved tube placed behind this seat. The arched bent pipe is connected to the mechanism for its rotation, driven by an electric motor, or alternatively by foot pedals. At the upper end of the curved tube, which rotates in a helicoidal path, sliding elements with straps are placed for tying the upper part of the user's body, namely the back, to this tube. At the same time, the device is equipped with a mechanism for controlled stretching of the user's spinal column, manually operated or driven by an electric motor. A vibrating device for additional massage is placed on the arched tube.

Još jedno rešenje poznato iz patentne literature prikazano je u YU patentu broj 49194 pod nazivom "Uredjaj za kinezi tretman degenerativnih oboljenja kukova i slabinsko-krsnog dela kičme". Kod ovog uredjaja je sa gornje strane postolja, približno po sredini, fiksiran oslonac karlice sa izvedenim prošekom. Unutar prošeka je smešten graničnik položaja karlice. Sa jedne strane oslonca za postolje je pričvršćen oslonac glave i ramenog pojasa, a sa druge strane za postolje su obrtno pričvršćena dva identična nosača noge preko horizontalne osovine. Izmedju oba nosača a ispod osovine i unutar postolja, pričvršćen je razdelnik. Another solution known from the patent literature is presented in YU patent number 49194 entitled "Device for kinesi treatment of degenerative diseases of the hips and lumbar-sacral part of the spine". In the case of this device, a pelvic support with a groove is fixed on the upper side of the base, approximately in the middle. There is a limiter for the position of the pelvis inside the prošek. On one side of the support, a head and shoulder belt support is attached to the stand, and on the other side, two identical leg supports are rotatably attached to the stand via a horizontal axis. Between both supports and under the axle and inside the base, a distributor is attached.

Poznati su uredjaji za istezanje kičmenog stuba i vršenja fizikalne terapije kao i fizioterapeutsko i trenažnog vežbanja kičmenog stuba i zavisnih mišića, pri čemu korisnik, koji je vezan za gležnjeve nogu, slobodno vertikalno visi sa glavom prema dole. Ovakvo rešenje je prikazano u prijavi patenta P-207/01 pod nazivom"Uredjaj za istezanje kičmenog stuba". Kod ovog uredjaja je na slobodnom kraju horizontalno postavljenog dela nosača okretno učvršćena glava sa nosačem. Na osovini nosača obrtno je postavljena koturača sa više kanala o koju je preko užeta ovešena donja koturača. Na osovini koturače okretno je postavljen nosač sa kukom o koju je preko alke ovešena traverza na čijim su krajevima slobodno ovešena dva držača. Na krajevima držača, okretno su učvršćena dva para stezača. Držači su na srednjem delu medjusobno povezani ramom, pri čemu je ram svojim slobodnim krajevima preko osovinica okretno učvršćen na desnom držaču. Na bočnim stranicama rama izveden je niz ureza za umetanje na držače. There are well-known devices for stretching the spinal column and performing physical therapy as well as physiotherapeutic and training exercises for the spinal column and dependent muscles, where the user, who is tied to the ankles, hangs freely vertically with his head down. Such a solution is shown in the patent application P-207/01 entitled "Device for stretching the spinal column". With this device, the head with the support is rotatably fixed at the free end of the horizontally placed part of the support. A roller with multiple channels is rotatably mounted on the support shaft, on which the lower roller is suspended via a rope. A support with a hook is swiveled on the roller shaft, on which a traverse is suspended via a link, at the ends of which two holders are freely suspended. At the ends of the holder, two pairs of clamps are rotatably fixed. The holders are connected to each other in the middle part by a frame, whereby the frame is rotatably fixed on the right holder with its free ends via pins. On the sides of the frame, there are a series of notches for inserting the holders.

Osnovni nedostaci poznatih uredjaja za tretman kičmenog stuba, a neka od njih su gore navedeni, su složenost konstrukcije, nemogućnost uvek kontrolisane i dozirane terapije od strane korisnika, istezanje samo pojedinih delova tela i ograničeni efekti tretmana, poluležeći ili polusedeći položaj koji nije uvek pogodan za neke vrste fizikoterapeutskog, rekreativnog i trenažnog tretmana kičmenog stuba kao i zavisnih mišića pacijenta-korisnika, visoka cena koštanja. The main disadvantages of known devices for the treatment of the spinal column, and some of them are listed above, are the complexity of the construction, the impossibility of always controlled and dosed therapy by the user, the stretching of only certain parts of the body and the limited effects of the treatment, the semi-lying or semi-sitting position which is not always suitable for some types of physical therapy, recreational and training treatment of the spinal column as well as the dependent muscles of the patient-user, high cost.

Izlaganje suštine pronalaskaExposition of the essence of the invention

Pronalazak se odnosi na sto za trakciju kičmenog stuba kojim se omogućava ekstenzija, odnosno trakcija lumbalne i torako-lumbalne kičme. Uredjaj koristi silu zemljine teže za istezanje pojedinačno vratnog ili slabinskog dela kičmenog stuba. Koncipiran je tako da omogući optimalan položaj i bezbednu akciju trakcije pojedinačno vratnog ili slabinskog dela kičmenog stuba. The invention relates to a traction table for the spinal column, which enables extension, i.e. traction of the lumbar and thoraco-lumbar spine. The device uses the force of the earth's gravity to stretch the cervical or lumbar part of the spine individually. It is designed to enable an optimal position and a safe traction action of the individual cervical or lumbar part of the spinal column.

Ono što predstavlja novost rešenja je što se sto u osnovi sastoji od sklopa ležaja i sklopa naslona za vrat postavljenih na ramskoj konstrukciji postolja. Sa donje strane na sredini izmedju zadnjih nogica, postavljen je teleskopski podizač sklopa ležaja. Sklop ležaja se sastoji od gornjeg nepokretnog naslona za glavu, na sredini smeštenog pokretnog naslona za trup i na donjem delu smeštenog pokretnog naslona za karlicu i donje ekstremitete, pri čemu su pomenuti nasloni tapacirana i izradjeni najpovoljnije od materijala koji se koristi za izradu sportskih kožnih strunjača. Na gornjem kraju sklopa ležaja, odnosno na postolju, smešten je nepokretni gornji naslon za glavu izveden kao tapacirana ploča dok je iznad naslona učvršćen ojačani držač vrata pacijenta koji se sastoji od nosača, podešivača visine sa španerom, horizontalnog nosača i vratne manžetne. What represents the novelty of the solution is that the table basically consists of a bed assembly and a neck rest assembly placed on a frame construction of the base. On the lower side, in the middle between the rear legs, a telescopic lifter of the bearing assembly is placed. The bed assembly consists of an upper stationary headrest, a movable trunk rest in the middle and a movable pelvis and lower limb rest located in the lower part, whereby the aforementioned rests are upholstered and made of the most advantageous material used for the production of sports leather mats. At the upper end of the bed assembly, i.e. on the base, there is an immovable upper headrest designed as an upholstered panel, while a reinforced patient neck holder consisting of a support, a height adjuster with a spanner, a horizontal support and a neck cuff is fixed above the support.

Takodje, posebna novost je i to što su naslon za trup i naslon za karlicu i donje ekstremitete točkovima postavljeni u šinama čime su aksijalno klizno pokretni na postolju. Na donjem delu ispod srednjeg naslona za trup postavljena kočnica za njegovo fiksiranje u odgovarajućem položaju i povezivanje sa donjim naslonom za karlicu. Na sredini i bočno uz srednji naslon za trup postavljene su dve manžetne u vidu kaiševa za fiksaciju grudnog koša pacijenta. Za pokretni srednji naslon i uz bočne stranice njegovog srednjeg dela učvršćen je par horizontalno postavljenih naslona za lakat i podlakat. Naime, na srednjem naslonu ležaja učvršćeni su nosači na kojima su parom zavrtnjeva učvršćeni nasloni za lakat i podlakat koji su okretni oko tačke O. Naslon za lakat i podlakat je pomoću podešavajućeg zavrtnja, postavljenog izmedju pričvrsnih zavrtnjeva, radijalno pokretan povezan sa nosačem na kome je smešten. U gornjim uglovima naslona za karlicu i donje ekstremitete, koji je točkovima postavljenim u šinama aksijalno klizno pokretan na postolju, postavljene su takodje dve manžetne u vidu kaiševa za pozicioniranje karlice i donjih ekstremiteta pacijenta. Also, a special novelty is that the torso rest and pelvis rest and the lower extremities are mounted on rails with wheels, making them axially sliding on the base. A brake is placed on the lower part under the middle backrest for the trunk to fix it in the appropriate position and connect it to the lower pelvic backrest. Two cuffs in the form of straps for fixing the patient's chest are placed in the middle and on the sides next to the middle torso support. A pair of horizontally positioned elbow and forearm rests are fixed to the movable middle backrest and to the sides of its middle part. Namely, on the middle support of the bed are fixed brackets on which the elbow and forearm rests are fixed with a pair of screws, which are pivoted around the point O. The elbow and forearm rest is radially movable and connected to the support on which it is placed by means of an adjusting screw, placed between the fastening screws. In the upper corners of the backrest for the pelvis and lower extremities, which is moved axially slidingly on the base with wheels mounted in rails, two cuffs in the form of belts for positioning the pelvis and lower extremities of the patient are also placed.

Naime, tokom svakodnevnih aktivnosti ljudskog tela koje po pravilu obuhvataju aktivnosti stajanja, sedenja i kretanja, usled njihove jednoličnosti i vremena trajanja, nastaju različita obolenja, naročito kičmenog stuba, okolnih vratnih kao i zavisnih mišića trupa, ruku i nogu. Ova se obolenja najpre manifestuju u vidu zamora kada telo teži da se odmori, u svom daljem razvoju počinju da ugrožavaju funkciju kičmenog stuba a time i okolnih i zavisnih mišića. Tada je neophodno pristupiti njihovom lečenju i dovodjenju u stanje pune funkcionalnosti. Ovo lečenje se vrši hemijskim ili fizičkim terapijama u okvirima savremene medicine, pri čemu su neophodni i odgovarajući tretmani fizikalnom terapijom kao i fizikoterapeutska, rekreativna i trenažna vežbanja obolelih delova tela, posebno kičmenog stuba, vratnih i zavisnih mišića trupa, ruku, nogu i drugih. Namely, during the daily activities of the human body, which as a rule include the activities of standing, sitting and moving, due to their monotony and duration, various diseases arise, especially of the spinal column, surrounding neck and dependent muscles of the trunk, arms and legs. These diseases first manifest in the form of fatigue when the body tends to rest, in their further development they begin to threaten the function of the spinal column and thus the surrounding and dependent muscles. Then it is necessary to treat them and bring them to a state of full functionality. This treatment is carried out by chemical or physical therapies within the framework of modern medicine, where appropriate physical therapy treatments are also necessary, as well as physical therapy, recreational and training exercises for the affected parts of the body, especially the spinal column, neck and dependent muscles of the trunk, arms, legs and others.

Na osnovu svega napred navedenog cilj je pronalaska da predloži sto za vertikalno istezanje kičmenog stuba sa horizontalno podesivim ležajem i sklopom naslona za vrat, kod koga bi posebnu prednost predstavljalo to što se u toku tretmana istezanja omogućava oslobadjanje pritiska na hrskavica vi deo izmedju pršljenova kičme, dovodi se do širenja diskusa i povećanja elastičnosti. Based on all of the above, the goal of the invention is to propose a table for vertical stretching of the spinal column with a horizontally adjustable bed and a neck rest assembly, where a special advantage would be that during the stretching treatment, pressure is released on the cartilage in the part between the vertebrae of the spine, it leads to the expansion of the discs and an increase in elasticity.

Pronalazak - sto za trakciju kičmenog stuba - prema ovoj prijavi patenta, ima vise prednosti od kojih se nekoliko najhitnijih navode, i to: • funkcionalno praktičan, pouzdan i siguran prilikom vršenja fizikalne terapije i fizioterapeutsko i trenažnog vežbanja kičmenog stuba i zavisnih mišića kada se tretmanom omogućava oslobadjanje pritiska na hrskavičavi deo izmedju pršljenova kičme, The invention - spinal column traction table - according to this patent application, has several advantages, some of which are the most urgent, namely: • functionally practical, reliable and safe when performing physical therapy and physiotherapeutic and training exercises of the spinal column and dependent muscles when the treatment enables the release of pressure on the cartilaginous part between the vertebrae of the spine,

• primenljiv kako u profesionalnoj tako i u kućnoj upotrebi, • applicable both in professional and home use,

• jednostavna konstrukcija, • simple construction,

• laka montaža i održavanje, • easy installation and maintenance,

• praktično neograničen vek trajanja, • practically unlimited shelf life,

• može se serijski proizvoditi, • can be serially produced,

• geometrijski i ergometrijski dobro oblikovan i • geometrically and ergometrically well-shaped and

• niska proizvodna cena. • low production cost.

Kratak opis slika nacrta Brief description of the draft images

Radi lakšeg razumevanja pronalaska, kao i zbog prikazivanja kako se on može ostvariti u praksi, podnosilac prijave se poziva na priloženi nacrt u kome : • Slika 1 prikazuje sto za trakciju kičmenog stuba u horizontalnom položaju, prema pronalasku, u pogledu sa strane, For an easier understanding of the invention, as well as for showing how it can be realized in practice, the applicant refers to the attached drawing in which: • Figure 1 shows a table for traction of the spinal column in a horizontal position, according to the invention, in a side view,

• Slika 2 prikazuje sto sa Slike 1, u horizontalnoj projekciji. • Figure 2 shows the table from Figure 1, in a horizontal projection.

Detaljan opis pronalaska Detailed description of the invention

Sto 1 za trakciju kičmenog stuba i obavljanje masaže, prema pronalasku i Slikama 1 i 2, sastoji se u osnovi od ramske konstrukcije postolja 2, sklopa ležaja 3 i držača 4 za vrat. The table 1 for spinal traction and massage, according to the invention and Figures 1 and 2, basically consists of a frame structure of a base 2, a bearing assembly 3 and a holder 4 for the neck.

Ramska konstrukcija postolja 2, Slike 1 i 2, sadrži tri para nogica: par zadnjih nogica, par srednjih nogica i par prednjih nogica. Na donjem delu postolja, na sredini izmedju zadnjih nogica, postavljen je teleskopski podizač 5 sklopa ležaja 3. Podizačem 5 se oko tačke oslonca reguliše pod kojim će se uglom postaviti ležaj 3, a u zavisnosti od tretmana pacijenta: radni-pod nagibom položaj za istezanje (trakciju) kičme i jačanje mišića kičmenog stuba ili u horizontalni položaj za smeštanje pacijenta i obavljanje masaže. The frame structure of the stand 2, Figures 1 and 2, contains three pairs of legs: a pair of rear legs, a pair of middle legs and a pair of front legs. On the lower part of the base, in the middle between the rear legs, a telescopic lifter 5 of the bed assembly 3 is placed. With the lifter 5, around the support point, the angle at which the bed 3 will be placed is regulated, and depending on the treatment of the patient: working-inclined position for stretching (traction) of the spine and strengthening the muscles of the spinal column or in a horizontal position for placing the patient and performing massage.

Sklop ležaja 3, Slike 1 i 2, koncipiran je tako da omogući optimalan položaj i bezbednu akciju trakcije pojedinačno vratnog ili slabinskog dela kičmenog stuba. Sklop ležaja 3 se sastoji od gornjeg nepokretnog naslona 6 za glavu, na sredini smeštenog pokretnog naslona 7 za trup i na donjem delu ležaja 3 smeštenog pokretnog naslona 8 za karlicu i donje ekstremitete. Sva tri naslona 6, 7, 8 ležaja 3 su zbog udobnosti pacijenta, tapacirana i izradjena najpovoljnije od materijala koji se koristi za izradu sportskih kožnih strunjača. Bearing assembly 3, Figures 1 and 2, is designed to enable optimal position and safe traction action of individual cervical or lumbar parts of the spinal column. The assembly of the bed 3 consists of the upper fixed head rest 6, the movable rest 7 for the trunk located in the middle and the movable rest 8 for the pelvis and lower extremities located on the lower part of the bed 3. For the comfort of the patient, all three backrests 6, 7, 8 of bed 3 are upholstered and made of the most favorable material used for the production of sports leather mats.

Na gornjem kraju ležaja 3, Slike 1 i 2, na postolju 2 učvršćen je ojačani držač 4 vrata pacijenta koji se sastoji od nosača 20, podešivača 21 visine sa španerom, horizontalnog nosača 22 i vratne manžetne 23. Držač 4 služi kako za fiksiranje vratne manžetne 23 tako i kao držač fiksnog kraja prilikom vratne trakcije, dok se španer na podešivaču 21 visine koristi da bi se vratna manžetna 23 postavila na optimalan način. Manžetne 23 su neophodne da bi se omogućilo segmentirano delovanje sile zemljine teže na telo, a oblik im je takav da omogućava pravilno pozicioniranje segmenta i udobno izvodjenje trakcije. At the upper end of the bed 3, Figures 1 and 2, a reinforced holder 4 of the patient's neck is fixed on the base 2, which consists of a support 20, a height adjuster 21 with a spanner, a horizontal support 22 and a neck cuff 23. The holder 4 serves both to fix the neck cuff 23 and as a fixed end holder during neck traction, while the spanner on the height adjuster 21 is used to make the neck cuff 23 placed in an optimal way. The cuffs 23 are necessary to enable the segmented action of the earth's gravity on the body, and their shape is such that it enables proper positioning of the segment and comfortable performance of traction.

Nepokretni naslon 6 za glavu je izveden kao tapacirana ploča za glavu pacijenta i omogućava udobno i optimalno pozicioniranje glave i vrata prilikom cervikalne trakcije i oslonac prilikom slabinske trakcije. Naslon 6 se na sklopu ležaja 3 nastavlja naniže u pokretni naslon 7 za trup i on je točkovima postavljenim u šinama 16 aksijalno klizno pokretan na postolju 2. Na donjem delu i ispod naslona 7 postavljena je kočnica 15 za fiksiranje naslona. Kada se ležaj 3 sa naslonom 7 postave u radni kosi položaj (položaj glava gore-noge dole) kočnicom 15 se naslon 7 fiksira u tom položaju. Pokretni naslon 7 za trup omogućava udoban oslonac i fiksaciju grudnog koša prilikom obe vrste trakcije. Točkovi u šinama 16 omogućavaju prenošenje sile zemljine teže eliminišući silu otpora podloge prilikom vratne trakcije. Kočnica 15 omogućava fiksaciju naslona 7 za naslon 8 što se primenjuje kod sprovodjenja slabinske trakcije. Na sredini i bočno uz naslon 7 postavljene su dve manžetne The immovable head support 6 is designed as an upholstered plate for the patient's head and enables comfortable and optimal positioning of the head and neck during cervical traction and support during lumbar traction. The backrest 6 on the bearing assembly 3 continues downwards into the movable backrest 7 for the hull and it is moved axially slidingly on the base 2 with the wheels placed in the rails 16. On the lower part and below the backrest 7, a brake 15 is placed for fixing the backrest. When the bed 3 with the backrest 7 is placed in an inclined working position (head-up-feet-down position), the brake 15 fixes the backrest 7 in that position. Movable trunk support 7 provides comfortable support and chest fixation during both types of traction. The wheels in the rails 16 make it possible to transmit the force of the earth's gravity, eliminating the resistance force of the base during neck traction. The brake 15 enables the fixation of the backrest 7 to the backrest 8, which is used when performing lumbar traction. Two cuffs are placed in the middle and on the side of the backrest 7

13 u vidu kaiševa za fiksaciju grudnog koša pacijenta. Manžetne 13 su potrebne da bi se omogućilo segmentirano delovanje sile zemljine teže na telo dok je njihov oblik takav da omogućava pravilno pozicioniranje segmenta i udobno izvodjenje trakcije. Za pokretni naslon 7 i uz bočne stranice njegovog srednjeg dela, Slika 1, učvršćen je preko nosača 11 par horizontalno postavljenih naslona 10 za lakat i podlakat. Na nosačima 11 su postavljeni aksijalno pokretni i parom zavrtnjeva učvršćeni nasloni 10. Na sredini izmedju pomenutih pričvrsnih zavrtnjeva nasloni 10 su vertikalno podešavajućim zavrtnjima 12 povezani sa nosačem 11 što im omogućava da su okretni oko tačke O čime mogu menjati ugao nagiba i podizati se u nagnuti položaj i spuštati u horizontalni položaj. Pomeranje naslona 10 u horizontalnom pravcu i lučno podešavanje zavisi od veličine pacijenta i položaja pacijenta u toku tretmana. Nasloni 10 omogućavaju oslonac laktova i podlaktice čime se povećava opšta udobnost i rasterećuju mišići vrata i ramenog pojasa. 13 in the form of straps for fixing the patient's chest. The cuffs 13 are needed to enable the segmented action of the earth's gravity on the body, while their shape is such that it allows the correct positioning of the segment and the comfortable performance of traction. For the movable backrest 7 and along the sides of its middle part, Fig. 1, a pair of horizontally positioned elbow and forearm supports 10 is secured via the support 11. Axially movable supports 10 are placed on the supports 11 and fixed with a pair of screws. In the middle between the mentioned fixing screws, the supports 10 are connected to the support 11 by means of vertically adjusting screws 12, which allows them to be pivoted around the point O, which allows them to change the angle of inclination and be raised to an inclined position and lowered to a horizontal position. The movement of the backrest 10 in the horizontal direction and the arc adjustment depends on the size of the patient and the position of the patient during the treatment. The backrests 10 provide support for the elbows and forearms, which increases general comfort and relieves the muscles of the neck and shoulder girdle.

Naslon 7 se ka donjem delu ležaja 3 nastavlja u pokretni naslon 8 za karlicu i donje ekstremitete. Ovaj naslon omogućava udoban oslonac, optimalno pozicioniranje i fiksiranje karlice u poziciju koja je optimalna za trakciju kičme i prenos zemljine teže na telo, a takodje se koristi i kao adekvatan oslonac za donje ekstremitete. Naslon 8 je točkovima postavljenim u šinama 16 aksijalno klizno pokretan na postolju 2. Točkovi u šinama 16 omogućavaju prenošenje sile zemljine teže eliminišući silu otpora podloge prilikom vratne i slabinske trakcije. Kočnica 15 omogućava fiksaciju naslona 8 za pokretni naslon 7 za trup prilikom vratne trakcije. U gornjim uglovima naslona 8 postavljene su dve manžetne 14 u vidu kaiševa za pozicioniranje karlice i donjih ekstremiteta pacijenta. Manžetne 14 su potrebne da bi se omogućilo segmentirano delovanje sile zemljine teže na telo dok je njihov oblik takav da omogućava pravilno pozicioniranje segmenta i udobno izvodjenje trakcije. The backrest 7 continues towards the lower part of the bed 3 into a movable backrest 8 for the pelvis and lower extremities. This backrest provides comfortable support, optimal positioning and fixation of the pelvis in a position that is optimal for spinal traction and the transfer of the earth's weight to the body, and is also used as an adequate support for the lower extremities. The backrest 8 is moved axially slidingly on the base 2 with the wheels placed in the rails 16. The wheels in the rails 16 allow the force of the earth's gravity to be transmitted, eliminating the resistance force of the base during cervical and lumbar traction. The brake 15 enables the fixation of the backrest 8 for the movable backrest 7 for the trunk during neck traction. In the upper corners of the backrest 8, two cuffs 14 are placed in the form of straps for positioning the patient's pelvis and lower extremities. The cuffs 14 are needed to enable the segmented action of the earth's gravity on the body, while their shape is such that it allows for the correct positioning of the segment and the comfortable performance of traction.

Način funkcionisanja stola 1 za trakciju kičmenog stuba je jednostavan i na očigledan način proizilazi iz prethodnog opisa i nacrta pa ga nije potrebno posebno detaljno opisivati. Medjutim, bitno je naglasiti da sto koristi silu zemljine teže za istezanje pojedinačno vratnog ili slabinskog dela kičmenog stuba. Prilikom istezanja kičmenog stuba pacijent leže na ležaj 3 postavljen u horizontalni položaj, vrat mu se fiksira držačem 4, tako što mu se isti podvezuje vratnom manžetnom 23 koja je preko horizontalnog nosača 22 i podešivača 21 visine (zatezanja) sa španerom ovešena na nosač 20. Istovremeno obe manžetne: manžetna 13 za grudi i manžetna 14 za karlicu i donje ekstremitete pacijenta moraju biti vezane. Takodje, u ovom trenutku nasloni 7 i 8 moraju biti fiksirani i medjusobno povezani kočnicom 15. Nakon ovih pripremnih radnji kočnica 15 se otkočuje čime se nasloni 7 i 8 oslobadjaju u šinama 16. Teleskopskim podizačem 5 se donji kraj ležaja 3 spušta čime ležaj poprima nagib i postavlja se u položaj glava gore-noge dole. Istovremeno nasloni 7 i 8, medjusobno povezani, usled sile zemljine teže klize u šinama 16 na niže. Kako je vrat pacijenta fiksiran dolazi do istezanja, odnosno do trakcije kičmenog stuba. Kada se želi istezanje karlice i donjih ekstremiteta redosled poteza je sledeći: vrat je fiksiran manžetnom 23, pacijent je vezan manžetnom 13 za grudi i naslon 7 je fiksiran kočnicom 15, dok je naslon 8 slobodan i klizi u šinama 16. The mode of operation of table 1 for traction of the spinal column is simple and follows in an obvious way from the previous description and drawing, so it is not necessary to describe it in detail. However, it is important to emphasize that it uses the force of the earth's gravity to stretch the individual cervical or lumbar part of the spinal column. When stretching the spinal column, the patient lies on the bed 3 placed in a horizontal position, his neck is fixed with the holder 4, by tying it with the neck cuff 23, which is hung on the support 20 via the horizontal support 22 and the height (tension) adjuster 21 with a spanner. At the same time, both cuffs: the cuff 13 for the chest and the cuff 14 for the patient's pelvis and lower extremities must be tied. Also, at this moment, the backrests 7 and 8 must be fixed and connected to each other by the brake 15. After these preparatory actions, the brake 15 is released, which releases the backrests 7 and 8 in the rails 16. The lower end of the bearing 3 is lowered with the telescopic lifter 5, whereby the bearing takes on an inclination and is placed in the head-up-down position. At the same time, the supports 7 and 8, connected to each other, slide down in the rails 16 due to the force of the earth's gravity. As the patient's neck is fixed, stretching, or traction of the spinal column occurs. When you want to stretch the pelvis and lower limbs, the sequence of moves is as follows: the neck is fixed with a cuff 23, the patient is tied to the chest with a cuff 13 and the backrest 7 is fixed with a brake 15, while the backrest 8 is free and slides in the rails 16.

Način industrijske ili druge primene pronalaskaMethod of industrial or other application of the invention

Način primene pronalaska proističe na očigledan način iz prethodnog teksta, odnosno za privrednu upotrebu prijavljenog pronalaska nisu potrebna neka posebna znanja, uputstva ili iskustva da bi se uspešno primenio pronalazak. Potrebna su i dovoljna samo ona znanja iz predmetne oblasti koja poseduje prosečan stručnjak za uspešnu primenu predmetnog pronalaska a na osnovu datog opisa. Sve konstrukcijske i funkcionalne karakteristike pronalaska pronalazač je uspešno proverio na izradjenom prototipu. The method of application of the invention follows in an obvious way from the previous text, i.e. for the commercial use of the reported invention, no special knowledge, instructions or experience are required to successfully apply the invention. Only the knowledge in the subject area possessed by an average expert is necessary and sufficient for the successful application of the subject invention based on the given description. All structural and functional features of the invention were successfully checked by the inventor on the prototype.

Takodje, bilo kakva konstrukcijska poboljšanja ili izmene geometrijskog oblika koja bi bila u okviru prikazanog uredjaja i koja bi bila u cilju njegovog funkcionalnog poboljšanja, smatraju se da su obuhvaćena ovom prijavom. Also, any structural improvements or changes in geometric shape that would be within the scope of the device shown and that would be aimed at its functional improvement, are considered to be covered by this application.

Claims

1. Table for traction of the spinal column, indicated by the fact that it basically consists of a frame structure of the base (2), bearing assembly (3) and holder (4) for the neck, whereby the base (2) contains three pairs of legs, which is on the lower side of the bearing assembly (3) in the middle between the rear legs of the base (2), a telescopic lifter (5) of the bearing (3) is placed, which the bearing assembly (3) consists of the upper stationary support (6) for the head, in the middle of the movable backrest (7) for the torso and on the lower part of the movable backrest (8) for the pelvis and lower extremities, where the backrests (6, 7, 8) are upholstered and made of the most advantageous material used for the production of sports leather mats, which is located at the upper end of the bed (3), i.e. on the base (2), a stationary headrest (6) is placed as an upholstered panel and is above the backrest (6) fixed reinforced holder (4) patient neck consisting of support (20), height adjuster (21) with spanner, horizontal support (22) and neck cuff (23).

2. A table according to the request\ , designated f/ m a, which is a fixed backrest (6) in the bearing assembly (3), a middle backrest (7) is placed for the trunk, which is moved axially slidingly on the base (2) by wheels placed in rails (16), which is on the lower part under the backrest (7) a brake (15) is placed for fixing in the appropriate position and connecting with the backrest (8) for the pelvis and lower extremities, which are in the middle and two cuffs (13) are placed on the side of the backrest (7) in the form of straps for fixing the patient's chest, which is a movable backrest (7) and a pair of horizontally placed armrests (10) for the elbow and forearm are attached to the sides of its middle part, which are fixed supports (11) on the backrest (7) on which the backrests (10) are fixed with a pair of screws and which are rotatable around the point O and which are the backrest (10) and the support (11) interconnected by adjusters screw (12), placed between a pair of fastening screws.

3. The table according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that in the upper corners of the backrest (8) for the pelvis and lower extremities, which is moved axially slidingly on the base (2) by means of wheels placed in the rails (16), two cuffs (14) are placed in the form of belts for positioning the pelvis and lower extremities of the patient.