RU2012105132A - Экструдер - Google Patents

Экструдер Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2012105132A
RU2012105132A RU2012105132/05A RU2012105132A RU2012105132A RU 2012105132 A RU2012105132 A RU 2012105132A RU 2012105132/05 A RU2012105132/05 A RU 2012105132/05A RU 2012105132 A RU2012105132 A RU 2012105132A RU 2012105132 A RU2012105132 A RU 2012105132A
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RU
Russia
Prior art keywords
conveying
extruder according
housing
turn
wall
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RU2012105132/05A
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English (en)
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RU2538852C2 (ru
Inventor
Йозеф А. Блах
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Йозеф А. Блах
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Application filed by Йозеф А. Блах filed Critical Йозеф А. Блах
Publication of RU2012105132A publication Critical patent/RU2012105132A/ru
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/243—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms using two or more screws working in the same chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/482—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs
    • B29B7/483—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws provided with screw parts in addition to other mixing parts, e.g. paddles, gears, discs the other mixing parts being discs perpendicular to the screw axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/485—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with three or more shafts provided with screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/488—Parts, e.g. casings, sealings; Accessories, e.g. flow controlling or throttling devices
    • B29B7/489—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/251—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments
    • B29C48/2517—Design of extruder parts, e.g. by modelling based on mathematical theories or experiments of intermeshing screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/256—Exchangeable extruder parts
    • B29C48/2564—Screw parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
    • B29C48/2715—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of plasticising units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/405—Intermeshing co-rotating screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/435—Sub-screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/54—Screws with additional forward-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/57—Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/65—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads or channels having different configurations, e.g. one thread being lower than its neighbouring thread
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/425—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders using three or more screws
    • B29C48/43—Ring extruders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

1. Экструдер с корпусом по меньшей мере с двумя выполненными с возможностью приведения в движение в одинаковом направлении, осепараллельными валами, которые снабжены по меньшей мере двухвитковыми транспортирующими элементами (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53), причем в перпендикулярном валам поперечном сечении находящиеся во взаимном зацеплении транспортирующие элементы (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) примыкают друг к другу в межосевом расстоянии (Ах) с незначительным зазором по всему контуру, и между гребнем (6, 6') по меньшей мере одного другого витка и внутренней стенкой (1) корпуса существует расстояние (а), отличающийся тем, что транспортирующий элемент (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) имеет по меньшей мере два развернутых под углом транспортирующих участка (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e), при этом каждый транспортирующий участок имеет осевую длину (Ls), которая соответствует самое большее внешнему диаметру (Da) транспортирующего элемента (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53).2. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что каждый транспортирующий участок (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) имеет максимальную длину (Ls) величиной ½×Da.3. Экструдер по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что расстояние (а) между гребнем (6, 6') по меньшей мере одного витка и внутренней стенкой (1) корпуса соответствует максимально половине глубины (b) канала первого витка.4. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что угол разворота одного транспортирующего участка (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) относительно следующего бесступенчато или ступенями составляет максимально до 360°/число витков.5. Экст

Claims (17)

1. Экструдер с корпусом по меньшей мере с двумя выполненными с возможностью приведения в движение в одинаковом направлении, осепараллельными валами, которые снабжены по меньшей мере двухвитковыми транспортирующими элементами (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53), причем в перпендикулярном валам поперечном сечении находящиеся во взаимном зацеплении транспортирующие элементы (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) примыкают друг к другу в межосевом расстоянии (Ах) с незначительным зазором по всему контуру, и между гребнем (6, 6') по меньшей мере одного другого витка и внутренней стенкой (1) корпуса существует расстояние (а), отличающийся тем, что транспортирующий элемент (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) имеет по меньшей мере два развернутых под углом транспортирующих участка (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e), при этом каждый транспортирующий участок имеет осевую длину (Ls), которая соответствует самое большее внешнему диаметру (Da) транспортирующего элемента (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53).
2. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что каждый транспортирующий участок (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) имеет максимальную длину (Ls) величиной ½×Da.
3. Экструдер по п.1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что расстояние (а) между гребнем (6, 6') по меньшей мере одного витка и внутренней стенкой (1) корпуса соответствует максимально половине глубины (b) канала первого витка.
4. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что угол разворота одного транспортирующего участка (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) относительно следующего бесступенчато или ступенями составляет максимально до 360°/число витков.
5. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что между двумя транспортирующими участками (31а, 31b; 31b, 31с; 31с, 31d; 31d, 31е; 31а, 32b; 32b, 32с; 32с, 32d; 32d, 32d, 50а, 50b; 50b, 50с, 51а, 51b…) предусмотрен концентрический кольцеобразный участок (33a-33d; 34a-34d; 50g-50j; 51g-51j), который имеет свободную высоту (Н) прохода относительно внутренней стенки (1) корпуса, которая равна или больше, чем половина глубины (b) канала.
6. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что расстояния (а) другого гребня (6, 6') от внутренней стенки (1) корпуса в пределах транспортирующего элемента (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) являются различными.
7. Экструдер по одному из п.1, отличающийся тем, что шаг витка по меньшей мере двух транспортирующих участков (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) является различным.
8. Экструдер п.3, отличающийся тем, что шаг витка по меньшей мере двух транспортирующих участков (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e, 50a-50e, 51a-51e, 52a-52e, 53a-53e) является различным.
9. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что осевая длина (Ls) транспортирующих элементов (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) соответствует самое большее 4-кратному внешнему диаметру (Da) транспортирующих элементов.
10. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что предусмотрено по меньшей мере шесть расположенных вдоль окружности с одинаковым расстоянием по центральному углу осепараллельных валов.
11. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что глубина (с) канала по меньшей мере одного витка по меньшей мере одного транспортирующего элемента (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) меньше, чем глубина канала остальных транспортирующих элементов, которые имеют исключительно витки с гребнями, которые по существу вплотную касаются внутренней стенки корпуса.
12. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что отношение внешнего диаметра (Da) транспортирующих элементов (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) к внутреннему диаметру (Di) транспортирующих элементов составляет от 1,25 до 2,3.
13. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что отношение внешнего диаметра (Da) транспортирующих элементов (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, 50, 51, 52, 53) к внутреннему диаметру (Di) является наибольшим в зоне заполнения экструдера.
14. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что находящиеся во взаимном зацеплении транспортирующие элементы (2, 11, 12, 21, 22, 31, 32, 41, 42, 43, …) образованы смещенными по углу шнековыми участками в качестве транспортирующих участков (3, 4; 11a-11f, 12a-12f, 21a-21e, 22a-22e, 31a-31e, 32a-32e, 41a-41e).
15. Экструдер по п.14, отличающийся тем, что шнековые участки (11a-11f, 12a-12f) расположены со смещением по углу таким образом, что гребень каждого витка транспортирующего элемента (11, 12) образуется из следующих друг за другом, чередующихся участков (5, 5') гребня, которые по существу вплотную примыкают к внутренней стенке (1) корпуса, и участков (6, 6') гребня, которые имеют расстояние (а) до внутренней стенки (1) корпуса.
16. Экструдер по п.1, отличающийся тем, что находящиеся во взаимном зацеплении транспортирующие элементы (50, 51; 52, 53) образованы месильными блоками, при этом смещенные по углу транспортирующие участки (50а-50е, 51а-51с, 52а-52е, 53а-53е) образуют дисковые кулачки месильных блоков.
17. Экструдер по п.16, отличающийся тем, что каждый дисковый кулачок (52а-52е, 53а-53е) состоит по меньшей мере из двух частичных дисков (54, 55), при этом гребень (5) одного частичного диска (54) по существу вплотную примыкает к внутренней стенке (1) корпуса, то время как соседний гребень (6) соседнего частичного диска (55) имеет расстояние (а) до внутренней стенки (1) корпуса.
RU2012105132/05A 2009-07-16 2009-07-16 Экструдер RU2538852C2 (ru)

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