RU2013158466A - RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM MATERIALS - Google Patents

RIGID POLYURETHANE FOAM MATERIALS Download PDF

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RU2013158466A
RU2013158466A RU2013158466/04A RU2013158466A RU2013158466A RU 2013158466 A RU2013158466 A RU 2013158466A RU 2013158466/04 A RU2013158466/04 A RU 2013158466/04A RU 2013158466 A RU2013158466 A RU 2013158466A RU 2013158466 A RU2013158466 A RU 2013158466A
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polyurethane foam
rigid polyurethane
mol
polyol
foam according
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Яюн ВАНГ
Хеменг ЖАО
Фуки ДЕНГ
Ронгксинг ЯО
Пенг Жанг
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Басф Се
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    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
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    • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
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    • C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
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    • C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
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    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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    • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
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    • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
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    • C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
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    • C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
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    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
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    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14—Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
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Abstract

1. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал, который можно получить по реакцииa) полиизоцианатов сb) соединениями, содержащими по меньшей мере два атома водорода, которые являются реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатным группам, в присутствииc) вспенивающих средств иd) по меньшей мере одного огнезащитного средства,где соединения, содержащие по меньшей мере два атома водорода, которые являются реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатным группам b), содержат по меньшей мере один простой полиэфир полиола bi) и по меньшей мере один сложный полиэфир полиола bii), и огнезащитное средство d) содержит вспененный графит di).2. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором вспененный графит di) используют в количестве, составляющем от 2 до 25 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d).3. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) используют в количестве, составляющем от 3 до 20 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d).4. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) используют в количестве, составляющем 30-60 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d.5. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) обладает гидроксильным числом, равным от 110 до 570 мг КОН/г.6. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) содержит от 2 до 3 функциональных групп.7. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) обладает гидроксильным числом, равным от 160 до 750 мг КОН/г.8. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) содерж�1. Rigid polyurethane foam, which can be obtained by the reaction of a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms, which are reactive with isocyanate groups, in the presence of c) blowing agents and d) at least one flame retardant, where the compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups b) contain at least one polyether polyol bi) and at least one polyester polyol bii), and the flame retardant d) contains expanded graphite di ). 2. A rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the expanded graphite di) is used in an amount of 2 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of components b), c) and d). A rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) is used in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight based on the weight of components b), c) and d). Rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) is used in an amount of 30-60% by weight based on the weight of components b), c) and d. A rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) has a hydroxyl number of 110 to 570 mg KOH / g. A rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) contains 2 to 3 functional groups. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) has a hydroxyl number of 160 to 750 mg KOH / g. Rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) contains

Claims (21)

1. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал, который можно получить по реакции1. Rigid polyurethane foam, which can be obtained by reaction a) полиизоцианатов сa) polyisocyanates with b) соединениями, содержащими по меньшей мере два атома водорода, которые являются реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатным группам, в присутствииb) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups in the presence of c) вспенивающих средств иc) blowing agents and d) по меньшей мере одного огнезащитного средства,d) at least one flame retardant, где соединения, содержащие по меньшей мере два атома водорода, которые являются реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатным группам b), содержат по меньшей мере один простой полиэфир полиола bi) и по меньшей мере один сложный полиэфир полиола bii), и огнезащитное средство d) содержит вспененный графит di).where compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups b) contain at least one polyester polyol bi) and at least one polyester polyol bii), and the flame retardant d) contains foamed graphite di). 2. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором вспененный графит di) используют в количестве, составляющем от 2 до 25 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d).2. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, in which foamed graphite di) is used in an amount of 2 to 25% by weight, based on the weight of components b), c) and d). 3. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) используют в количестве, составляющем от 3 до 20 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d).3. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) is used in an amount of 3 to 20% by weight based on the weight of components b), c) and d). 4. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) используют в количестве, составляющем 30-60 мас.% в пересчете на массу компонентов b), c) и d.4. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) is used in an amount of 30-60 wt.% Based on the weight of components b), c) and d. 5. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) обладает гидроксильным числом, равным от 110 до 570 мг КОН/г.5. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) has a hydroxyl number of 110 to 570 mg KOH / g. 6. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором простой полиэфир полиола bi) содержит от 2 до 3 функциональных групп.6. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyether polyol bi) contains from 2 to 3 functional groups. 7. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) обладает гидроксильным числом, равным от 160 до 750 мг КОН/г.7. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) has a hydroxyl number of 160 to 750 mg KOH / g. 8. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) содержит от 2 до 4 функциональных групп.8. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) contains from 2 to 4 functional groups. 9. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) представляет собой продукт этерификации b1) от 10 до 70 мол.% композиции дикарбоновой кислоты, содержащей9. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol bii) is an esterification product b1) from 10 to 70 mol% of a dicarboxylic acid composition containing b11) от 50 до 100 мол.% одной или большего количества ароматических дикарбоновых кислот или их производных,b11) from 50 to 100 mol% of one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their derivatives, b12) от 0 до 50 мол.% одной или большего количества алифатических дикарбоновых кислот или их производных,b12) from 0 to 50 mol.% one or more aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or their derivatives, b2) от 2 до 30 мол.% одной или большего количества жирных кислот или их производных,b2) from 2 to 30 mol.% one or more fatty acids or their derivatives, b3) от 10 до 70 мол.% одного или большего количества алифатических или циклоалифатических диолов, содержащих от 2 до 18 атомов углерода, или их алкоксилатов,b3) from 10 to 70 mol.% one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or their alkoxylates, b4) от 2 до 50 мол.% простого полиэфира полиола, содержащего ≥2 функциональных групп, который можно получить путем алкоксилирования полиола.b4) from 2 to 50 mol% of a polyether polyol containing ≥2 functional groups, which can be obtained by alkoxylation of a polyol. 10. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, в котором огнезащитное средство d) содержит дополнительный компонент dii).10. The rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant d) comprises an additional component dii). 11. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 10, в котором дополнительным компонентом dii) является фосфорсодержащий компонент.11. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 10, wherein the dii) additional component is a phosphorus-containing component. 12. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 11, в котором дополнительный компонент dii) выбран из группы, состоящей из диэтилэтил фосфоната, диметилпропилфосфоната, триэтилфосфата и трис(2-хлоризопропил)фосфата.12. The rigid polyurethane foam of claim 11, wherein the additional component dii) is selected from the group consisting of diethyl ethyl phosphonate, dimethyl propyl phosphonate, triethyl phosphate and tris (2-chlorisopropyl) phosphate. 13. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, высота пламени которого, измеренная в соответствии со стандартом EN ISO 11925-2 или GB/T 8626-2007, равна не более 15 см.13. Rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, whose flame height, measured in accordance with EN ISO 11925-2 or GB / T 8626-2007, is not more than 15 cm. 14. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по п. 1, обладающий средней толщиной оставшегося после горения материала, равной более 150 мм, обладающий минимальной толщиной оставшегося после горения материала, равной более 0 мм, средней температурой дыма, равной ниже 200°C, измеренными в соответствии со стандартами DIN 4201, часть 1 или GB/T 8625-2005.14. Rigid polyurethane foam according to claim 1, having an average thickness of the material left after burning equal to more than 150 mm, having a minimum thickness of the material left after burning equal to more than 0 mm, an average smoke temperature below 200 ° C, measured in accordance with DIN 4201 part 1 or GB / T 8625-2005. 15. Жесткий полиуретановый пеноматериал по любому из пп. 1-14, обладающий значением оптической плотности дыма, равным менее 75, измеренным в соответствии со стандартом GB/T 8627-2007.15. Rigid polyurethane foam according to any one of paragraphs. 1-14 having an optical density of smoke of less than 75 measured in accordance with GB / T 8627-2007. 16. Способ получения жесткого полиуретанового пеноматериала по любому из пп. 1-15, этот способ включает реакцию16. A method of obtaining a rigid polyurethane foam according to any one of paragraphs. 1-15, this method includes a reaction a) полиизоцианатов сa) polyisocyanates with b) соединениями, содержащими по меньшей мере два атома водорода, которые являются реакционноспособными по отношению к изоцианатным группам, в присутствииb) compounds containing at least two hydrogen atoms that are reactive with isocyanate groups in the presence of c) вспенивающих средств иc) blowing agents and d) по меньшей мере одного огнезащитного средства,d) at least one flame retardant, где огнезащитное средство d) смешивают с компонентом b).where the flame retardant d) is mixed with component b). 17. Способ по п. 16, в котором пеноматериал получают по методике распыления пены.17. The method according to p. 16, in which the foam is obtained by the method of spraying foam. 18. Полиольный компонент, содержащий18. The polyol as one component containing bi) простой полиэфир полиола,bi) polyether polyol, bii) сложный полиэфир полиола,bii) polyester polyol, c) вспенивающее средство,c) blowing agent d) огнезащитное средство,d) flame retardant, где огнезащитное средство d) содержит вспененный графит.where the flame retardant d) contains foamed graphite. 19. Полиольный компонент по п. 18, в котором огнезащитное средство d) в качестве дополнительного компонента dii) содержит фосфорсодержащий компонент.19. The polyol as one of claim 18, wherein the flame retardant d) comprises a phosphorus-containing component as an additional component dii). 20. Полиольный компонент по п. 18, в котором дополнительный компонент dii) выбран из группы, состоящей из диэтилэтилфосфоната, диметилпропилфосфоната, триэтилфосфата и трис(2-хлоризопропил)фосфата.20. The polyol component according to claim 18, wherein the additional component dii) is selected from the group consisting of diethyl ethyl phosphonate, dimethyl propyl phosphonate, triethyl phosphate and tris (2-chlorisopropyl) phosphate. 21. Полиольный компонент по любому из пп. 18-20, в котором сложный полиэфир полиола bii) представляет собой продукт этерификации b1) от 10 до 70 мол.% композиции дикарбоновой кислоты, содержащей21. The polyol as one component according to any one of paragraphs. 18-20, in which the polyester polyol bii) is an esterification product b1) from 10 to 70 mol% of a dicarboxylic acid composition containing b11) от 50 до 100 мол.% одной или большего количества ароматических дикарбоновых кислот или их производных,b11) from 50 to 100 mol% of one or more aromatic dicarboxylic acids or their derivatives, b12) от 0 до 50 мол.% одной или большего количества алифатических дикарбоновых кислот или их производных,b12) from 0 to 50 mol.% one or more aliphatic dicarboxylic acids or their derivatives, b2) от 2 до 30 мол.% одной или большего количества жирных кислот или их производных,b2) from 2 to 30 mol.% one or more fatty acids or their derivatives, b3) от 10 до 70 мол.% одного или большего количества алифатических или циклоалифатических диолов, содержащих от 2 до 18 атомов углерода, или их алкоксилатов,b3) from 10 to 70 mol.% one or more aliphatic or cycloaliphatic diols containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms, or their alkoxylates, b4) от 2 до 50 мол.% простого полиэфира полиола, содержащего ≥2 функциональных групп, который можно получить путем алкоксилирования полиола. b4) from 2 to 50 mol% of a polyether polyol containing ≥2 functional groups, which can be obtained by alkoxylation of a polyol.
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