RU2292006C2 - Initiating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: initiation aids, applicable for blasting.

SUBSTANCE: for increasing the duration of action of the waveguide pulse an amplifying element, consisting of a cap and an easily combustible pyrotechnical composition with a trough central hole with a diameter equal to the waveguide duct diameter or without the central duct, is additionally introduced in the initiating device between the waveguide and the retarder of the detonating cap. The initiating device has a source of the original pulse, waveguide and a terminal detonating cap.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability of operation of the initiating device.

1 dwg

Description

The initiating device refers to the means of initiation and is intended for blasting both on the surface and underground in the mining and coal mining industries.

Initiating devices are known, namely electric detonators (Handbook on drilling and blasting operations. Drukovany MF and others. 1976 Moscow: Nedra, p. 141, RF patent 2148239 C1 dated 09.09.1998 according to class MKI F 42 V 3 / 10, F 42 C 19/12), which is a detonator capsule connected tightly in one sleeve to the source of the initial impulse in the form of an electric igniter, consisting of an incandescent bridge with an igniter head and lead wires through which the electric detonators are connected to an electric power source and communicate with each other in unified explosion scheme. Initiating devices, where electric igniters are used as the source of the initial pulse, are affected by electromagnetic fields, which cause the appearance of stray pick-up currents, which in some cases leads to unauthorized action of the above devices and the creation of emergency situations. This is a disadvantage of this technical solution.

Currently, when conducting blasting operations, non-electric initiating devices are widely used, where electric igniters are replaced by waveguides (RF patent 2133436 C1 dated 10.13.97 according to class MKI F 42 B 3/10, F 42 C 19/08, RF patent 2213930 C2 dated October 08, 2001 according to class MKI F 42 B 3/10, F 42 C 19/08), which are a flexible plastic tube, the inner surface of which is covered with a layer of explosive. The detonator capsule consists of a sleeve into which the main charge of a blasting explosive is equipped, which initiates a charge and a retarding device.

The device considered in this case consists of a source of an initial pulse of a non-electric type connected through a waveguide to an end detonator capsule. When a waveguide is excited using a non-electric source of an initial pulse such as a detonator capsule, a detonating cord or a special ignition device, a shock wave arises and is supported in the waveguide channel, propagating at a speed of 2000-2800 m / s, which initiates the end detonator capsule and then engages the connected with it during the installation of the explosive network of detonator drafts, explosive cartridges, waveguides and other initiating devices.

The above design of a non-electric initiating device based on a waveguide is safer to operate and adopted as a prototype.

Having a higher level of security compared to the electric detonator, the initiating device based on the waveguide has the following disadvantages. In the electric detonator, the initial pulse from the electric igniter head is a high-temperature gas flow with the induction time, i.e., the exposure time to the detonator capsule is much longer than in the waveguide device, where the process of transmitting the initial pulse to the detonator capsule is detonation, short-term. In addition, in the closed and small compared to the waveguide device, the working volume of the electric detonator, the energy characteristics of the impact of the initial pulse are higher than in the waveguide device, where the working volume between the source of the initial pulse and the detonator capsule increases due to the channel of the waveguide tube.

The above disadvantages of the prototype do not affect the operation of instant detonator capsules, where the initial impulse acts on the secondary explosive directly through the initiator, for example, through lead azide or explosive mercury, which are equally sensitive to both thermal and detonation impulses.

A slightly different situation is when the prototype under consideration uses a delayed-action detonator capsule, where the initial pulse from the waveguide is transmitted to the secondary explosive in the form of a delay element with an ignition composition pressed into it, which requires a certain energy pulse to ignite. In waveguide devices, the energy pulse is insufficient due to the short duration of the action and is detonation in nature, which in some cases leads to failure of the igniter composition, and therefore the detonator capsule as a whole.

The technical problem of the applicant, the solution of which the invention is directed, is to increase the reliability of the waveguide initiating device delayed action.

The problem is solved by placing between the waveguide and the moderator the detonator capsule of the reinforcing element in the form of a cap with a flammable pyrotechnic composition, having a through central channel with a diameter equal to the diameter of the waveguide channel, or without a central channel, while the burning time of the flammable pyrotechnic composition should be within 2-5 milliseconds. This allows you to increase the duration of the initial pulse in the waveguide device.

The drawing schematically shows the proposed initiating device, consisting of a waveguide (item 1), a detonator capsule (item 2) and an amplifier element consisting of a cap (item 3) and a flammable pyrotechnic composition (item 4 option I, item. 4 option II) and placed between the waveguide (item 1) and the moderator (item 5) of the detonator capsule (item 2).

The initiating device works as follows: the initial pulse from the waveguide at the speed of the shock detonation wave is transmitted to the detonator capsule through an amplifying element with a flammable pyrotechnic composition, driving the latter with a burning time of 2-5 milliseconds, which increases the total initial pulse initiating the igniter composition moderator to ensure the reliability of the entire device as a whole.

A set of essential features: an amplifying element consisting of a cap and a flammable pyrotechnic composition with a central channel with a diameter equal to the diameter of the waveguide channel or without a central channel, and the experimentally determined ignition composition burning time within 2-5 milliseconds is sufficient to solve the technical problem .

The positive result is that the introduction of an amplifying element between the waveguide and the moderator of the detonator capsule identifies the operating conditions of the waveguide device with the operating conditions of the electric detonator, allowing you to increase the total initial pulse initiating the igniter composition of the moderator.

The proposed device has passed the control tests, which confirm the solution of the technical problem, allow us to consider the proposed technical solution in accordance with the criteria of the invention: "industrial applicability", "novelty."

Claims (1)

An initiating device, consisting of an initial pulse source, a waveguide, and an end detonator capsule with a moderator, characterized in that, to increase the waveguide pulse duration, an amplifying element is placed between the waveguide and the detonator capsule moderator, consisting of a cap and a flammable pyrotechnic composition with a through central channel with a diameter equal to the diameter of the channel of the waveguide, or without a Central channel, and the flammable pyrotechnic composition selected from the condition both sintering the possibility of combustion within 2 ÷ 5 ms.