RU2309110C2 - Giide for door leaft with pusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lifts and elevators.

SUBSTANCE: proposed guide for side or middle opening of doors of cabin or well of lift consists of shaped member made for setting on cabin or in zone of floor door aperture. At least one guide section opened from side of lift well is located on said shaped member. Guide element of lift door can get into guide section through hole in shaped member so that their direction is provided. In zone of said hole of shaped member pusher is provided.

EFFECT: provision of concealed guide for lift door bringing to minimum danger created by guide when lift door is opened and cabin moves.

20 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to an elevator guide in accordance with the restrictive part of claim 1 of the claims, a guide system based on it, an elevator door device equipped with this system, and an elevator equipped with this device.

Elevators are usually equipped with automatically opening and closing doors of the elevator shaft and the same doors of the elevator car. They require a guide. The door leafs of the elevator are usually suspended in their upper part on the guide located on the side of the shaft above the door lintel and move along it. From the floor side, additional guides in the form of door sills, recessed into the floor of the cab and the floor, are often used. Elevator doors move in the guide grooves of such door sills. In this case, door sills are often located with their guide sections or grooves so that they are open for access and to a large extent they are in the same plane with the surface of the cabin floor or floor. Therefore, the guides and their grooves are easily contaminated, because of which a malfunction in the door can occur quickly, i.e. doors may jam. In addition, such door sills do not allow flooring in the cabin or on the floor between the doors, which would be desirable not only for aesthetic reasons, but also to simplify floor care.

A known method is to arrange, in particular, the lower guides of the elevator doors in a protected place so that the guiding sections are located in the zone of the elevator shaft and as a result would not have free access, i.e. would be less polluted. Such floor guides are usually called "hidden thresholds".

Such a guide is known, for example, from EP 0708052 A2. This document describes an elevator car, in the floor of which a guide is recessed under its floor. The hole of its guide section faces the opposite wall of the shaft. The end of the guide shoes is movably mounted in this guide, the second end of which is fixed on the lower side of the cab door and thus provides the direction of movement of the cab door. Although the guide section is partially overlapped, however, a more or less large gap is inevitably kept open, providing reciprocating movements of the guide shoes when opening and closing the door.

The automatic opening and closing of cabin doors and elevator shafts, as usual today, is a process that takes a certain amount of time. True, for security reasons, it is forbidden to set the elevator in motion until its doors are completely closed. However, to reduce the duration of the elevator movement, it is often required that the doors of the cabin and elevator shafts begin to open even before the cabin takes up its final position near the shaft door in slow motion, i.e. "moor". Therefore, here we can talk about pre-emptive opening of doors. However, from a safety point of view, anticipatory opening of doors creates difficulties, since with such opening of doors at least part of the door rails become temporarily accessible, which creates an increased risk of accident.

In the hidden threshold design known from EP 0 708 052 A2, anticipatory door opening is not possible for safety reasons. With this design, for example, the opening of the shaft door when the cabin moves from above can occur when the shaft door is reached only when the lower guide on the cab floor, facing the shaft door, fully occupies a position below the floor level, i.e. when the elevator car takes almost final position. And until this happens, it cannot be ruled out that any object (for example, the tip of an umbrella) or even a part of a person’s body (for example, a toe of a shoe or foot) will not get inside the guide on its part, which is released by the opening door, i.e. through the hole that is released for the guide to enter into it, into the guide and then with a further movement down the elevator car can be clamped or even cut off between the elevator car and the edge of the floor. Therefore, the invention is based on the task of creating a hidden guide for elevator doors, which minimizes the danger posed by the guide when the elevator door and its moving cabin are open.

According to the invention, the problem is solved as a result of the fact that the guide (it is believed that it is in the position corresponding to the mounting position) contains an ejector in the area of the hole through which the guide shoes can go into the guide. With the help of such an ejector, a foreign object is removed from the hole zone through which the guide shoe enters the guide, in the case when the elevator car moves in a certain direction.

It is preferable to make the guide according to the invention in such a way that it can be used as both a floor and a ceiling guide to accommodate and / or direct the movement of door leafs.

The invention is also based on the task of creating a guide system with which hidden safe guides can be formed for a wide variety of elevator door devices (opening or closing on one or several sides, etc.) with a wide variety of sizes, mounted from a few prefabricated individual parts by simple way.

This problem is solved using a guide system consisting of a guide with a profile element, according to the invention, and, if necessary, separate or combined with the guide components, namely the barrier lintel and overlap, while it is preferable to use a profile with a guide surface as additional elements of the system and sealing profile.

Finally, the basis of the invention is the creation of an elevator with a hidden guide door, which, at least in certain places of the stop, allows for faster opening of the door in a simple way.

This problem is solved due to the fact that at least one door device, the guide of which becomes temporarily available when the other door device of the elevator is opened ahead of time, is equipped with a guide according to the invention.

Below is explained in more detail using the drawings an example embodiment of the invention. It is depicted on

figure 1 the door device of the elevator in cross section with a guide according to the invention;

figa is a side view of the door device of the elevator with a guide according to the invention;

fig.2b is a side view of the elevator door device, comparable with the elevator door device in figa, but consisting of two counter-moving door leafs with a guide according to the invention;

figure 3 is a detailed view of a first embodiment of a rail according to the invention;

4 is a detailed view of a second embodiment of a rail according to the invention, intended in particular for use in a section of a door jumper;

5 is a detailed view of a third embodiment of a rail according to the invention;

6 is a detailed view of a fourth embodiment of a rail according to the invention.

Fig.2b schematically shows the door device for the shaft door, providing access at one of the places where the elevator car stops, to its shaft or to the elevator car located in it, not shown. The elevator door device for the cabin door is similar, therefore, the following explanations also apply to the cabin door.

The door device consists of two counter-opening and closing door leafs 1. Both door leafs are suspended in their upper part in the usual way on a rail with which they are guided and held, which is not shown in this case. Each of the door leafs 1 comprises at least one guide shoe 2 made in the form of a lever, provided with a slider not shown in detail at its free end and moving along the guide according to the invention from the floor.

On figa shows a comparable door device of the elevator, which differs from that shown in fig.2b only in that it uses only one door leaf.

In Fig.1 shows a section passing in the middle of the doorway in Fig.2 with the door closed. It depicts an interfloor overlap 4, on which, after finishing, flooring 5 is laid, for example, from plates, parquet, or carpet.

In this embodiment, the guide consists of a whole profile element 6 in the form of a curved element of sheet metal, in particular a steel sheet. Several such profile elements 6 can be coaxially stacked one after another to form, for example, a guide for particularly wide doors (not shown). In this case, it seems possible to insert into the hollow, in this case approximately triangular, section a rod of the corresponding form for coaxially fitting individual profile elements 6 on each other and thus solve any problems associated with centering. Although it is preferable that the individual profile element 6 be made integral, it goes without saying that it is also possible to manufacture it from several separate components, for example, from a profile (not shown) containing the guide section explained below, and an additional profile located adjacent and bearing the ejector also explained below.

The profile element 6 of the guide, which in this case is the lower guide, contains a guide section in the form of a groove open from the top towards the door leaf. Guide shoes 2 with sliders located at their ends (not shown in detail) can enter into this groove from above, which, in turn, are fixed to the door leafs 1 and guide them. In this exemplary embodiment, the guide shoes can enter the guide portion directly from the outside, bypassing the guide, i.e. without covering the portion of the wall of the guide from outside to inside. In this case, the guide shoes with their sliders are guided along the side walls of the groove. It is preferable that the size of the guide section of the profile element or the fit between the guide section and the slider be selected so that the door leafs have an easy movement and at the same time there are no unwanted vibrations or even deflections (for example, due to persons leaning against the door leaf, in the elevator).

Figure 3 shows in detail the profile element 6 shown in figures 1, 2A, 2b.

Profile element 6 contains two sections 6b and 6c, with which it can be bolted indirectly or directly to the building element or on the elevator car. Can also be embedded in the wall of the building.

The profile element 6 contains the already mentioned guide section 6a, one guide surface of which is formed by the section 6h of the profile element, and the other guide surface 7a is preferably formed either by the profile 7 or by the section of the barrier lintel 3 (see FIG. 1), the elements with these both surfaces can be mounted on flange 6e. It goes without saying that instead the second guide surface can be molded to the profile element 6. Moreover, the replacement of the guide shoes or their repair (for example, updating the sliders located at their end) is simplified as a result of the fact that the guide section in the form of a groove opens after removal door lintels 3 and / or profile 7. Together with the guide, guide shoes can be used in any position, quantity and at any angle of bend.

The profile element 6 includes a shoulder 6d, creating a seal for the end edge of the flooring 5 of the floor, passed under the door leaf. The 6d sealing shoulder not only provides aesthetic benefits, but also effectively protects the end edge of the flooring from damage. The shoulder 6d is predominantly molded to the profile element, however, at increased installation costs, it can also be made as a separate component. In this case, it is advisable to perform the profile element 6 and the shelf 6d so that the latter can be pre-mounted on the profile element 6.

If necessary, the shelf 6 together with the flange 6e also provides the opportunity for fixing the overlapping element 8 in the area where, when opening and closing the doors, there is no movement of the guide shoes 2 of the door leaf 1, performed, for example, using countersunk screws for sheet metal or threaded screws screwed into a shelf 6c and / or 6e.

As a result, a very flexible system is created from the profile element 6 and, if necessary, the components fixed thereon, such as the profile guide 7, the ceiling 8, the profile guard lintel 3, and also, if necessary, the sealing arm 6d. The versatility of such a system can be further enhanced by the choice of the dimensions of the profile element so that it can be selectively used to suspend and direct the movement of door leafs along it mainly using the corresponding roller devices, i.e. the profile element can also be used as an upper guide for the door.

With advanced door opening, i.e. when opening the doors of the shaft and the elevator car immediately before the car occupies its final stopping position, the lower guide of the car doors becomes accessible to people on the floor in front of the shaft door if the car moves above and the lower car door guides become accessible to people in the car in the case when the cab moving from below takes a stop position.

When the doors are opened ahead of time, the area that is closed by overlapping 8 between the doors is first freed, see, for example, FIG. 2. As soon as the area covered by ceiling 8 is cleared, accidents due to the guide when opening the doors ahead are almost completely eliminated. With continued opening of the doors, the guide section also becomes accessible, which is no longer protected by an overlap 8, i.e. on which the hole 6f (see FIG. 3, the hole is shown by a dashed line) through which the guide shoe (guiding shoes), entering (entering) the guides, remains free.

The profile element 6 is in a properly mounted position, being above the guide portion 6a, i.e. in the area of the hole 6f, through which the guide shoes enter the guide, is equipped with an ejector 6g. This ejector is designed in such a way that it pushes a foreign body out of the guide, often falling through the hole 6f to the guide portion 6a when the elevator car moves in a certain direction. In any case, the situation in which the foreign body, when moving in the horizontal direction, can get inside the guide and be seriously clamped or cut off is virtually eliminated with sufficient reliability.

To perform this function, the ejector 6f may have a variety of shapes. For example, in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, an ejector is used which is made in the form of an even inclined sliding surface 6g. However, the ejector, as shown, for example, in Fig.6, may have a barrel-shaped or other shape with an arched or curved surface, if it is required to perform the corresponding function.

The mounting openings possible in the inclined element 6g, shown in FIG. 3, are closed mainly before use by strong, non-lost caps, etc. The ejector, in this case the inclined element 6g, is located between the outer surface of the profile element lying on the side of the shaft, formed in this case a sealing arm 6d of the flooring and a flange 6e or a profile 7, 3 or 8 fixed to it, and approximately the deepest portion of the guide (when viewed in the horizontal direction), which is available from the outside in a direct way. In this case, the inclined element 6g is inclined at an angle of about 25 ° with respect to the vertical axis of the shaft, i.e. in relation to the direction of movement of the elevator car. If the inclined element is convex, then the average slope from 25 to 30 ° is sufficient.

Preferably, the guide has dimensions such that the width X in the light, i.e. minimum width of the hole 6f, exceeded the section. covered by the guide on three sides, only by a small amount necessary for the unhindered passage of the guide shoes 2 into the guide, since with a decrease in width X the risk of (too deep) penetration of an foreign object also decreases, since the hole through which this penetration can occur is very narrow.

Figure 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a rail according to the invention.

In this example, there is provided, in particular, a guide located on the web side for guiding the movement and suspension of door leafs in their upper part.

When the doors are opened ahead of time, the upper guide of the cabin door becomes open for people waiting on the floor when raising the cabin, and for people in the cabin, the upper guide of the shaft doors is open when lowering the cabin.

The guide in this embodiment provides directional movement of the guide shoes provided with rollers at its end, inside itself, while at the same time it carries the weight of the door leafs. It goes without saying that the use of appropriate slideways is also possible. The guide portion 6h, 7a is located inside so that it is only indirectly accessible to the guide shoe, i.e. the guide shoe 2 covers the wall portion of the guide element 6. Therefore, the ejector 6g is made correspondingly short, so that the hole communicated with the inner space 6i closed on all sides remains free.

At the same time, it is important to ensure that, in practice, an extraneous object held at one of its ends does not get into an enclosed interior space 6i that creates danger. Therefore, the ejector is designed in such a way that between it and the overlapping surface 7b some kind of labyrinth is formed, which prevents the entry of a long hard object that can cause a dangerous jam. To achieve a sufficient maze effect, the dimension of the inlet measured in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. 4, is set to γ> 0, preferably> 10 mm, optimally> 15 mm. An overrun <0 is unacceptable, since in practice a position is not provided with sufficient reliability in which an elongated rigid object could not easily penetrate through the gap formed past the ejector into the guide to the rear wall 6c and would not be pinched or cut off.

It is extremely optimal that the guide shown in Fig. 4 be used without any changes also as a floor guide, while the guide will need to be installed only with a rotation of 180 ° with respect to its longitudinal axis. Also, the guide shoes are kept unchanged and are installed only with the appropriate rotation.

5 shows a third embodiment of a rail according to the invention. Initially, this guide was supposed to be used as a floor.

Another extremely optimal embodiment of the guide according to the invention is the one in which the guide has a profile, due to which it can interact as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 with the guide shoes. Thus, it becomes possible to manufacture guide devices using the same guide for use for different purposes (above or below), while these devices at their own cost optimally correspond to their individual purpose.

It should also be noted that the embodiments of the rail according to the invention shown in figures 1-3, 5 and 6 can also be used as ceiling rails after a corresponding rotation, in particular for door leafs whose weight is perceived by the floor rail and which therefore its top only needs to be guided.

The ability to push or protect from objects that have fallen inside, as explained above, before they become pinched or cut between the cabin and the floor, is determined by the angle of the inclined element and the coefficient of friction between the inclined element and the object penetrating inside. Moreover, the smaller the angle of the inclined element with respect to the axis along which the elevator car moves, the higher the ability of the inclined element to prevent accidents. Therefore, it is preferable that the angle is 30 ° or less. The same applies to the coefficient of friction, which should be minimal. In this case, it is advisable even to equip the inclined element with means that reduce friction, for example, to apply a coating on it. In this case, it is important to make the inclined element so that an edge is not formed in the 6f niche, for which an object that has penetrated inside can catch on before being ejected.

Using such an ejector does not provide complete safety in any conceivable case. However, the decisive factor in this is the fact that an almost sufficient degree of safety is achieved, which is confirmed, for example, by the fact that it is officially allowed to use the guide in elevators, in particular in those in which the doors open ahead.

The optimally designed door lintel 3 further enhances safety. It warns the situation in which under adverse circumstances, the flange 6e (figure 1) can be caught and clamped objects.

Claims (20)

1. The guide for the side or middle doors of the cabin or elevator shaft opening, consisting of a profile element made in such a way that it can be installed on the elevator car or in the area of the doorway of the floor so that the profile element contains at least one open from the side elevator shafts a guide section into which the guiding elements of the elevator door can enter through the hole in the profile element in such a way that their direction is provided, characterized in that An ejector is provided for the element, which is designed in such a way that when the guide moves relative to its mounting position and is perpendicular to its longitudinal axis in an approximately vertical direction, it is able to push a foreign object in the form of a metal rod with a free section length of 30 cm and with a smaller thickness than the thickness of the guide shoes used together with the guide, which penetrated with one end as much as possible into the guide when moving in approximately the horizon direction through the hole and held by the hand at the other end, and that the guide section is made in the form of a guide device, access to which is possible indirectly from the outside, bypassing the guide, and which can take in the end of the guide shoe of the elevator door element provided with a slider or rolling body directional movement between at least two guide surfaces. 2. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the hole in the light through which access to the guide portion is opened in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the guide is 25 mm or less, preferably 16 mm or less, and ideally 13 mm or less. 3. A guide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vertical inlet measured between the ejector and the outer edge opposite it from the side of the shaft is more than 0, preferably more than 10 mm, and ideally more than 15 mm when the ejector It does not limit the depth to which the object can penetrate as much as possible in the horizontal direction into the guide. 4. A guide according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ejector comprises friction reducing agents, preferably a coating applied thereto. 5. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejector is made in the form of an inclined surface. 6. The guide according to claim 5, characterized in that the inclined surface, which is predominantly flat, is made in such a way that it forms, together with the longitudinal axis of the elevator shaft, an angle equal to, on average, ≤30 °, preferably ≤30 ° and ≥3 °, and optimally ≤30 ° and ≥20 °. 7. A guide according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the inclined surface of the ejector is convex, mainly barrel-shaped. 8. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide section contains two or more separate, adjacent to the guide grooves. 9. The rail according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile element is made in such a way and has such dimensions that the rail can alternatively be used as a ceiling rail for hanging and / or giving direction to the doors of a cabin or shaft. 10. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile element comprises a flange on which at least one guide surface or an overlapping surface can be fixed, protecting the hole extending deeper inward between the ejector and one of the guide walls from direct access. 11. The guide according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that the profile element contains at least one flange on which the overlapping element can be fixed to completely overlap the portion of the hole along which the guide shoes do not move. 12. The guide according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that the profile element contains a flange on which the door jumper is fixed. 13. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile element comprises a shoulder that can be used to seal from the shaft side of the floor cladding or elevator car located in the door zone, while this may be a floor or ceiling cladding. 14. The guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile element bearing the ejector and at least part of the guide is made integral and is a predominantly curved element of sheet metal or extruded profile. 15. A guide system, characterized in that it consists of a guide with a profile element according to any one of the preceding paragraphs and, if necessary, separately or combined with this element components, namely a barrier lintel, overlap and preferably an additional profile containing a guide surface or an overlapping surface . 16. The guide system according to clause 15, characterized in that, if necessary, it is supplemented by a sealing shoulder fixed to the profile element. 17. The elevator door device with the side or middle doors of the cabin or elevator shaft opening, consisting of at least one movable door leaf and preferably a door actuator with a corresponding automatic door control device, characterized in that at least one door leaf moves along the guide according to claim 1. 18. The elevator door device according to claim 17, characterized in that the guide shoe is bent in the guide portion at an angle of more than 180 °. 19. The door device of the elevator according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the guide shoe is profiled so that when opening and closing the door leaf, it is as tight as possible along the contour of the guide when directed along it. 20. An elevator installation comprising a cabin, a drive, a control device and door devices designed for at least one cabin door and one shaft door, wherein the elevator control device preferably provides for faster opening of at least one elevator door device, characterized in that at least one door device, the guide of which, when the other door device of the elevator is opened ahead of time, becomes accessible, is designed as an elevator door device according to claim 17.

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