RU242522U1 - TRACTION DRIVE REACTOR OF ELECTRIC ROLLING STOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to electrical engineering, specifically to the design of a traction drive reactor for electric rolling stock. The technical result is increased reactor operational reliability. The traction drive reactor for electric rolling stock comprises a supporting structure in which an armored magnetic core with a core and yokes, and an induction coil, are mounted using support and mounting hardware. The coil consists of two identically sized, parallel-connected, coaxial windings located one above the other and formed by flat-wound composite conductors of identical, parallel, rectangular insulated copper wires, with their shorter sides adjacent. The wires are connected to each other via leads soldered in parallel to the beginning and end of the windings. The coil is constructed with interwire, interwinding, and housing electrical insulation. The magnetic core is constructed from an upper rectangular section and a lower U-shaped section with a nonmagnetic gap between them adjustable using nonmagnetic dielectric spacers. The interwire insulation is monolithic compound insulation applied using a vacuum injection method, the interwinding insulation is made of fiberglass and silicone-coated fiberglass, and the housing insulation is made of fiberglass plates, fiberglass tape, and silicone-coated fiberglass. 12 figs.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, more precisely, to electric machines, in particular to the design of a traction drive reactor for electric rolling stock (hereinafter referred to as EPS).

The DFS-750-1100 U2 line filter choke is known (see DFS-750-1100 U2 line filter choke. Operating manual AEGS.672361.001 RE, 14 p., pp. 5, 6, 12 and 13). The specified choke is intended for operation as part of an asynchronous traction drive on the head and intermediate cars of subway trains to reduce pulsations of current consumed from the network, and consists of a frame, a casing with covers and an armored-type magnetic circuit with an induction coil. The magnetic circuit with the coil is fixed to the frame using support and fastening fittings. The magnetic circuit consists of upper and lower parts, has a laminated structure by assembling electrical steel plates in an interlock (when each subsequent row of plates overlaps the joints on the previous one) and is pulled together with corners and studs. The upper and lower sections of the magnetic circuit are fastened together with studs using channels and strips. Leads are soldered to the beginning and end of the winding. The coil is made with a single winding, using a single conductor of copper tape wound flat. To prevent the coil from moving relative to the magnetic circuit in the horizontal plane, four dielectric wedges are installed between them. A non-adjustable, non-magnetic air gap, unfilled with insulating spacers, is provided between the upper and lower sections of the magnetic circuit, reducing the risk of saturation. Insulation of the magnetic circuit and the coil is ensured by impregnation in a compound using a dipping method followed by drying. A terminal box and ground clamps are installed on the housing. The terminal box is designed to connect the winding to the electrical circuits of the ERS. Covers serve to protect the coil from mechanical damage. The choke is naturally air-cooled. Perforated holes are made in the covers to improve cooling conditions.

The disadvantage of the known choke is a relatively low operational reliability due to, firstly, increased heating of a single winding conductor compared to a composite conductor of several wires with the same total cross-section, associated with the surface effect; secondly, the difficulty of providing high-quality insulation of the winding with a compound by dipping with subsequent drying due to the difficulty of replacing the air, as a result of which air inclusions may remain, causing local overheating; thirdly, the lack of precise adjustment of the magnetic induction, affecting the operation of the choke and the stability of the electrical and magnetic parameters, which can lead to additional unwanted heating; fourthly, the lack of protection of the non-magnetic gap from the ingress of metal objects into the gap, such as shavings, fasteners, foil, etc., leading to a change in the inductance of the coil, also affecting the operation of the choke and the stability of the electrical and magnetic parameters and is capable of causing additional overheating.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is an electric reactor (see patent for utility model No. 135847, cl. H01F 27/28, H01F 27/32, registered on 20.12.2013, application No. 2013133434/07 dated 19.07.2013). The said patented utility model is used in the design of the reactor of the RSF-M-1000-0.008-U2 network filter (see RSF-M-1000-0.008-U2. Operation manual RIFL.672261.002 RE, 9 p., pp. 3, 4, 7, 8). The reactor is designed to reduce current pulsations drawn from the grid in the power supply circuit of asynchronous traction drives in subway cars. It comprises a supporting structure in which a terminal box, an armored magnetic circuit with a core and yokes, and an induction coil are mounted using support and mounting hardware. The supporting structure includes a support frame and covers. The magnetic circuit is made of 4,160 laminations in six standard sizes, with a closed circuit and no non-magnetic gap. It is a laminated structure with the laminations assembled in an interlocking pattern, where each subsequent row of laminations overlaps the joints of the previous row and is secured with studs. The coil consists of two identically sized, parallel-connected, coaxial windings with 38 turns in each winding. These windings are arranged one on top of the other and are made by tightly winding a composite conductor made of five identical, parallel, rectangular, insulated copper wires (PSDT) with cross-sectional dimensions of 3.35 x 9.0 mm, adjacent to each other with their smaller sides. The wires are connected to each other via parallel soldered leads to the beginning and end of the windings. The coil includes interwire, interwinding, and housing insulation. Interwire insulation is provided by impregnation in a compound using a dipping method followed by drying, intersectional insulation is made of fiberglass and rubberized glass fabric, and the housing insulation is made of mica tape with organosilicon impregnation. The coil is fixed against movement relative to the magnetic circuit using fiberglass wedges, plates, and gaskets.

A disadvantage of the known reactor is its relatively low operational reliability due to the difficulty of providing high-quality insulation of the winding with a compound by dipping with subsequent drying due to the difficulty of replacing air, which may result in air inclusions such as dry spots and voids, causing local overheating, and the implementation of a magnetic circuit with a closed circuit without a magnetic gap, which contributes to the saturation of the magnetic circuit, which leads to overheating and the possibility of damage to the coil insulation, as well as due to the lack of the ability to fine-tune the magnetic induction to achieve stability of electrical and magnetic parameters, thereby eliminating additional overheating.

The technical result that the utility model is aimed at achieving is an increase in operational reliability.

This technical result is achieved by the EPS traction drive reactor comprising a supporting structure in which an armored magnetic core with a core and yokes, and an induction coil are mounted using support and mounting hardware. The coil consists of two identically sized, parallel-connected, coaxial windings, one above the other, formed by flat-wound composite conductors of identical, parallel, rectangular insulated copper wires, with their shorter sides adjacent. The wires are connected to each other via leads soldered in parallel to the beginning and end of the windings. The coil is constructed with interwire, interwinding, and housing electrical insulation. The magnetic core is a structure consisting of an upper rectangular and a lower E-shaped section, with a non-magnetic gap between them adjustable using non-magnetic dielectric spacers. The inter-wire electrical insulation is made in the form of monolithic insulation with compound using a vacuum-injection method, ensuring deep penetration of the compound into the inter-wire gaps; the inter-winding insulation is made of fiberglass and fiberglass with a silicone coating; and the housing insulation is made of fiberglass plates, fiberglass tape, and fiberglass with a silicone coating.

No technical solutions have been identified that match the set of essential features of the claimed utility model, which allows us to conclude that the claimed utility model complies with the patentability requirement of “Novelty”.

The patentability requirement of "Industrial Applicability" is confirmed by a specific example of the claimed traction drive reactor for electric rolling stock. Currently, PZTP LLC has completed development work on the traction drive reactor for electric rolling stock. This reactor is recommended for use in subway cars of the 81-760, 81-765, and 81-775 series.

The essence of the utility model is explained by drawings, where:

Fig. 1 shows a photographic image of the traction drive reactor of the EPS at the installation stage under a subway car;

Fig. 2 shows an axonometric view of the traction drive reactor of the EPS;

Fig. 3 shows the traction drive reactor of the EPS, main view;

Fig. 4 shows view A in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows section B-B in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 shows an axonometric view of the reactor of the EPS traction drive with the protective casing wall removed;

Fig. 7 shows an axonometric view of an induction coil with a magnetic core;

Fig. 8 shows an axonometric view of the induction coil;

Fig. 9 shows section B-B in Fig. 5;

Fig. 10 shows section G-G in Fig. 3;

Fig. 11 shows callout D in Fig. 9;

Fig. 12 shows an axonometric view of the lower part of the magnetic circuit.

Due to the fact that the graphic images of the figures of the claimed utility model are difficult to read when the long sides of the sheet are arranged vertically, it was advisable to arrange the sheets horizontally, which made it possible to significantly enlarge the drawings.

The reactor 1 of the traction drive of the EPS contains a supporting structure 2, in which, with the help of support and fastening fittings 3, a magnetic circuit 4 of the armored type with a rod 5 and yokes 6, 7, 8, 9 and an induction coil 10 are installed. The coil 10 consists of two identical in size, connected in parallel coaxial windings 11 and 12, located one on top of the other and made by winding flat a composite conductor 13 from five identical parallel rectangular insulated copper wires 14 with abutment to each other with smaller sides 15. The wire brand is PSLDKT, and the cross-sectional dimensions are 3.35 × 9.0 mm. The number of turns of each winding is 30. Wires 14 are connected to each other in parallel by soldered terminals 16, 17, 18 and 19 to the beginning and end of windings 11 and 12. The winding direction of winding 11 is left, and that of winding 12 is right. Coil 10 is made with interwire 20, interwinding 21 and housing 22 electrical insulation. Magnetic circuit 4 is implemented as a structure consisting of an upper 23 and lower 24 parts with a non-magnetic gap 26 between them adjustable using non-magnetic dielectric spacers 25. Parts 23 and 24 of the magnetic circuit 4 are packages 27 and 28 of plates 29 and 30 made of electrical steel of a rectangular shape for the upper part 23 and an Ш-shaped shape for the lower part 24, pulled together in each package by studs 31, insulated from the magnetic circuit 4 by fiberglass tubes 32, nuts 33, spring 34 and flat 35 washers. The total number of plates 29 and 30 is 3540. The inter-wire electrical insulation 20 is made in the form of monolithic insulation with compound 36 using a vacuum-injection method, which ensures deep penetration of compound 36 into inter-wire gaps 37 and 38, the inter-winding electrical insulation 21 is made of fiberglass 39 and fiberglass 40 with a silicone coating, and the housing electrical insulation 22 is made of fiberglass plates 41, fiberglass tape 42 and fiberglass 40 with a silicone coating. The upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4, the base 43 and the side projections 44 and 45 of the lower part 24 of the magnetic circuit 4 perform the function of yokes 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively, and the middle projection 46 of the lower part 24 of the magnetic circuit 4 - rod 5. The coil 10 is installed in the grooves 47 and 48 between the projections 44 and 46, 45 and 46, respectively. The movement of the coil 10 relative to the magnetic circuit 4 in the horizontal plane is limited by the installation of fiberglass wedges 49, and in the vertical plane - by the upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4, which is connected to the lower part 24 of the magnetic circuit 4 with the help of corners 50, strips 51 and 52 and studs 31, nuts 33, flat 34 and spring 35 washers for tightening the packages 27 and 28. The strips 52 are made of fiberglass. For adjusting the non-magnetic gap 26 with the help of non-magnetic dielectric spacers 25, oblong openings 53, 54 and 55 are made in the upper ends of the corners 50 and strips 51 and 52 mating with the upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4, respectively, allowing the upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4 to move in the vertical direction relative to the lower part 24 during the adjustment of the non-magnetic gap 26. The supporting structure 2 consists of a support frame 56 and a protective casing 57. The frame 56 is a welded structure and consists of two channel-shaped beams 58 and two crossbars 59. In the lower shelves 60 of the beams 58 and crossbars 59, openings 61 are made for fastening the casing 57 to the frame 56, and in the upper shelves 62 - openings 63 for installing the reactor 1 under the car 64 metro. Casing 57 consists of two upper 65 and two lower 66 L-shaped covers with vertical 67 and 68, and horizontal 69 and 70 shelves, respectively, walls 71, beams 72 and terminal box 73. Horizontal shelves 69 and 70 of covers 65 and 66 are made with perforated holes for natural air cooling. Parallel connection of windings 11 and 12 is performed through terminal box 73 by four cables 74, connected to terminals 16, 17, 18 and 19. Reactor 1 is also connected to external cables through terminal box 73. The fastening of the magnetic circuit 4 with the coil 10 to the supporting structure 2 is carried out by means of the upper covers 65, the vertical shelves 67 of which are fastened to the upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4 using studs 31, nuts 33, spring 34 and flat 35 washers used to tighten the package 27 of the plates 29, and the horizontal 69 - to the frame 56 through the openings 61 with bolts 75, nuts 76, spring 77 and flat 78 washers. The lower covers 66 are secured to the lower part 24 of the magnetic circuit 4 by means of vertical shelves 68 using studs 31, nuts 33, spring 34 and flat 35 washers used to tighten the pack 28 of plates 30. Bolts 75, nuts 76, spring 77 and flat 78 washers are part of the support and fastening fittings 3. The upper covers 65 and studs 31, nuts 33, spring 34 and flat 35 washers partially perform the function of the parts of the support and fastening fittings 3.

The utility model is used in the design of the RFM-1100/8-U1 pilot reactor of the line filter. Said reactor 1 is intended for operation as part of an asynchronous traction drive on subway cars 64 to reduce current pulsations in the traction motor circuit and functions as an active-inductive load. Reactor 1 is installed under car 64, thereby ensuring reliable natural air cooling. Adjusting non-magnetic gap 26 between the upper 23 and lower 24 sections of magnetic circuit 4 by installing non-magnetic dielectric spacers 25 allows the inductance of coil 10 to be adjusted close to the nominal value. Inductance is the main parameter that determines the response of inductance coil 10 to current changes, and its value determines the reactance, filtering amplitude, and operation as part of an asynchronous traction drive. Any deviation of the inductance value from the calculated value results in significant eddy current losses, which cause additional heating of the magnetic circuit 4, and consequently of the inductor 10, and the appearance of high currents, leading to increased heating of the conductor 13 and the risk of interturn short circuits. Adjusting the inductance of the inductor 10 optimizes the operation of the reactor 1 by increasing the stability of the electrical and magnetic parameters, which prevents excessive heating. The location of the non-magnetic gap 26 in the upper part of the magnetic circuit 4, as far above the inductor 10 as possible, creates optimal conditions for heat dissipation from the localized heating zone associated with the occurrence of significant eddy currents in the areas of the non-magnetic gap 26, through the upper part 23 of the magnetic circuit 4. Protection of the non-magnetic gap 26 by non-magnetic dielectric spacers 25 from foreign objects, dust, and dirt, which can distort the magnetic parameters of the reactor 1, prevents additional overheating. The implementation of the interwire electrical insulation 20 in the form of monolithic insulation with compound 36 with deep penetration of compound 36 into the interwire gaps 37 and 38 of windings 11 and 12, the interwinding electrical insulation 21 - of fiberglass 39 and fiberglass 40 with a silicone coating with high dielectric properties, and the housing electrical insulation 22 - of fiberglass plates 41, glass tape 42 and fiberglass 40 with a silicone coating with high dielectric properties provides increased electrical insulation with high dielectric strength, preventing interwire and interwinding short circuits. The implementation of conductor 13 with a given cross-section of five parallel wires 14 in comparison with a solid conductor allows for a decrease in the current load, and therefore heating. All of the above, regarding the design of reactor 1, together ensures high operational reliability of reactor 1.

Claims (1)

A traction drive reactor for an electric rolling stock comprising a supporting structure in which, using support and mounting hardware, an armored-type magnetic circuit with a rod and yokes and an induction coil are installed, consisting of two identical in size, parallel-connected coaxial windings located one on top of the other and made by winding a composite conductor flat from identical parallel-connected rectangular insulated copper wires with their smaller sides adjacent to each other, wherein the wires are connected to each other by parallel soldered terminals to the beginning and end of the windings, and the coil is made with inter-wire, inter-winding and housing electrical insulation, characterized in that the magnetic circuit is implemented in the form of a structure consisting of an upper rectangular and lower Ш-shaped parts with a non-magnetic gap between them adjustable using non-magnetic dielectric spacers, the inter-wire electrical insulation is made in the form of monolithic insulation with a compound using a vacuum-injection a method that ensures deep penetration of the compound into the inter-wire gaps, the inter-winding part is made of fiberglass and fiberglass with a silicone coating, and the housing part is made of fiberglass plates, fiberglass tape and fiberglass with a silicone coating.