RU2425308C1 - Rotary dryer (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: rotary dryer consists of frame surrounded with sealed jacket, wherein there is made a window for supply of drying agent, and of circular drying chamber with perforated bottom mounted on rollers. The dryer also consists of loading and unloading devices made in form of a screw, a shaft of which by one version is stepped with diameter of steps diminishing in the direction of dried mass transfer, while according to another version a pitch of screw surface increases in the same direction.

EFFECT: increased quality of drying and decreased losses of heat carrier.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of drying equipment for bulk materials, such as grain.

Known rotary dryer containing a drying chamber with a rotating perforated bottom, unloading and loading devices, drive (Patent RU 2118772). The disadvantage of this dryer is that in order to improve the drying quality, it offers a mixing device made in the form of a fixed beam with angled guides, which significantly complicates the design, slows down the rotation of the bottom and does not ensure the uniformity of the drying process, since it mixes moist material from upper layers with drier lying on the bottom.

The closest in technical essence is a rotary dryer containing a frame surrounded by a sealed casing, in which a hole for supplying a drying agent, an annular drying chamber, a perforated bottom, a central axis, rollers mounted on a frame under the chamber, a loading and unloading device in the form of a screw are made, unloading conveyor, drives of the drying chamber, unloading device and unloading conveyor, guide tray (RU No. 2127856, class F26B 15/04).

The disadvantage of this rotary dryer is that the auger, having a constant volume in the inter-turn space, grabs a portion of the material to be dried at the beginning of the auger (loading zone) and moves it to the guide tray (unloading zone), preventing it from adding portions to it throughout its length material from other parts of the drying chamber. In this case, the next portion of the transported material is captured from the same point (loading zone). As a result, there is an uneven drying of the bulk mixture and the flow rate of the coolant increases, because the material layer in the loading zone decreases, underfed material and coolant are removed at a high speed, not having time to transfer heat, gushing and raising dust, it is carried away, and on the contrary the layer increases , worse blown coolant and not dried out.

The technical result achieved by the present invention is the uniform capture of the transported material from the entire surface of the perforated bottom, as a result of which there will be an increase in the quality of drying and a decrease in heat loss.

The specified technical result is achieved according to the first embodiment in that in a rotary dryer containing a frame surrounded by a sealed casing in which a window for supplying a heat carrier, an annular drying chamber with a perforated bottom, a central axis, rollers mounted on a frame under the chamber, loading and unloading device in the form of a shaft with a screw, a cutter with a visor, an unloading conveyor, drives of a drying chamber, an unloading device and an unloading conveyor, a directing tray, the auger shaft is made of steps Atymya, with a diameter of stages decreasing in the direction of movement of dried weight.

According to the second option, in a rotary dryer containing a frame surrounded by a sealed casing in which a window for supplying a heat carrier is made, an annular drying chamber with a perforated bottom, a central axis, rollers mounted on a frame under the chamber, a loading and unloading device in the form of a screw, a cutter with a visor , unloading conveyor, drives of the drying chamber, unloading device and unloading conveyor, guide tray, the pitch of the screw surface of the screw is made increasing in the direction of movement of sutured mass.

Figure 1 - diagram of a carousel dryer.

Figure 2 - diagram of the screw with a stepped shaft.

Figure 3 is a diagram of a screw with an increasing pitch of a helical surface.

Figure 4 is a diagram of a screw with a cutter.

The carousel dryer consists of a frame 1, on which an annular drying chamber 3 with a perforated bottom 4 is installed on the rollers 2. A central axis 5 is mounted inside the annular drying chamber 3, which is rigidly attached to the frame 1, and on which a loading device 6 and an unloading device made in the form of a screw 7, with a visor 8. The discharge end of the screw 7 is located above the guide tray 9. An unloading conveyor 10 is installed under the guide tray 9. The frame 1 is enclosed by a hermetic casing 11. A window 12 for supplying heat ositelya. A drive station 13 is installed on the frame 1, the drive sprocket 14 of which is connected by a chain gear 15 to the gear sectors 16, of the drying chamber drive 3. The chain gear 15 is equipped with an automatic tensioner 17. The screw 7 has a shaft 18 made stepwise with a decreasing diameter in the direction of material movement . According to the second embodiment, the screw 7 is made with an increasing pitch of turns in the direction of movement of the material. The coolant is supplied to the dryer by a heat generator 19. The discharge conveyor has a drive 20.

Carousel dryer operates as follows. Before loading include a drive station 13, from which rotation through the drive sprocket 14 is transmitted by a chain drive 15 to the gear sectors 16 of the annular drying chamber 3. Grain material through the loading device 6 evenly enters the perforated bottom 4 of the annular drying chamber 3. As the drying chamber is loaded through the window 12 into the casing 11 is supplied with a coolant, for example warm air, which uniformly penetrates the entire layer of bulk material through the perforation of the bottom. The lower layers of bulk material are the first to dry. Then include a screw 7, which collects the lower dried layer of material. At the same time, from the very beginning, the screw captures a small portion of dry material, which, as it moves forward, due to the increase in volume in the inter-turn space, is replenished with a dried bulk mixture from other parts of the bottom.

The material collected by the auger, advancing by it, enters the unloading conveyor 10. After drying the first layer of material, the dryer can operate in a continuous mode. The weakening of the drive chain is automatically eliminated by the tensioner 17.

Claims (2)

1. A rotary dryer containing a frame surrounded by a sealed casing in which a window for supplying a heat carrier is made, an annular drying chamber with a perforated bottom, a central axis, rollers mounted on a frame under the chamber, a loading and unloading device in the form of a shaft with a screw, a cutter with a visor , unloading conveyor, drying chamber drives of the unloading device and unloading conveyor, a guide tray, characterized in that the screw shaft is made stepwise with a diameter of steps decreasing in the direction uu movement dried mass. 2. A rotary dryer containing a frame surrounded by a sealed casing in which a window for supplying a heat carrier is made, an annular drying chamber with a perforated bottom, a central axis, rollers mounted on a frame under the chamber, a loading and unloading device in the form of a screw, a cutter with a visor, an unloading conveyor, drives of the drying chamber of the unloading device and unloading conveyor, a guide tray, characterized in that the pitch of the screw surface of the screw is made increasing in the direction of movement of the dried mass.

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