RU2425392C1 - Method and device for optoelectronic all-round view - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics. ^ SUBSTANCE: in the method for optoelectronic all-round view, involving reception of infrared and optical radiation with possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane by a multi-phase angle of rotation, generation of a signal for presence of radiation and direction thereof in the azimuthal plane, optical radiation of the image is recorded through video capturing synchronously with reception of infrared radiation on video capturing object by scanning in the azimuthal plane the corresponding phase rotation angle with clock pulses at fixed frequency. The phase rotation angle scanning is converted to a code proportional to clock pulses from the beginning of recording bi-directional phase increment until zeroing thereof owing to measurement of the code Nj with successive approximation with a standard value N0j on the condition that: if the measured code Nj is greater than the standardised N0j, the latter is increased by summation of pulses, otherwise through subtraction thereof, if Nj =N0j the number of pulses does not change and the standardised code is taken as the measured code. In the all-round vie optoelectronic device, having units for receiving infrared and optical radiation with possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with a phase rotation angle sensor in form of a sector-annular multi-phase structure and a generator for generating the radiation presence signal and direction thereof in the azimuthal plane. The optical radiation receiver is a video camera fitted in the scanner the infrared radiation receiving unit, which manages rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with an infrared sensor of the phase rotation angle, lying coaxially between movable and fixed sector-annular structures of the scanner. The infrared radiation receiver is a photodiode matrix which is connected on a multi-phase bridge switch scheme consisting of a parallel connection of two voltage dividers, made through serial connection of a resistor and phase photodiodes of the matrix, wherein the input diagonal of the multi-phase bridge switch serves for connecting an energy source, and its output diagonal is loaded by an actuating mechanism of the drive of the device scanner, the generator for generating the radiation presence signal and direction thereof in the azimuthal plane is made on an infrared light-emitting diode with a standalone power source in decorative form, for example an icon on the captured object. ^ EFFECT: high metrological efficiency owing to automation of panoramic video surveillance with controlled accuracy of the standardised measure of the phase of the rotation angle in the azimuthal plane. ^ 5 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The proposed invention relates to the field of instrumentation, measuring and information technology, more specifically to the optoelectronic detection of moving objects.

A known method of video surveillance using a home video recorder [see patent application (RF) No. 2006114896, cl. H04N 5/765 of November 20, 2007, Bull. 32], including a surveillance video camera (video peephole), a device that determines the period of recording a signal on a tape recorder (motion detector) and a pairing device for a video recorder and motion detector, instead of a controller for mechanically pressing the “Start” or “Stop” buttons on the remote control, it is proposed to use a trigger pairing device VCR and motion detector, closing for about 1s the recording terminal or recording cancellation of the VCR “Rec” or “Stop”, respectively, and thereby including recording for the period records or disconnecting it.

The disadvantages of this method are the relative complexity and lack of information content of video surveillance.

A video surveillance device is known that contains a primary pulse converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a power amplifier, an electric drive (see, for example, High-speed dome cameras. - IT portal techlabs. By, 2009).

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity and lack of information content of video surveillance with a circular review.

For the prototype adopted the method and device of the optoelectronic circular review (see patent No. 2221016 (RF), CL G01S 3/78, 2008, BI No. 9, part 4), organizing the reception of infrared radiation, reception of laser radiation and the formation of an information signal. Reception of IR radiation is made with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with an angle sensor and consists of three identical measuring IR channels, each of which has a lens, a flat mirror, a photodetector and a signal processing unit. The axes of these lenses are uniformly deployed in the azimuthal plane and inclined vertically to it at different angles. Laser reception was made panoramic; photo reception was organized in the form of a sector-ring multi-site structure and a signal shaper for the presence of laser radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane.

The disadvantages of the prototypes are excessive complexity and lack of information content of video surveillance.

The technical task of the method and device of the optoelectronic circular review is to simplify and increase the information content of video surveillance.

The technical task is achieved in that:

1. In the method of optoelectronic circular viewing, including receiving infrared and optical radiation with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane along the multiphase angle of rotation, generating a signal for the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane, in contrast to the prototype, the optical radiation of the image is recorded by video synchronously with the reception of infrared radiation placed on a video object due to scanning in the azimuthal plane of the corresponding phase rotation angle by fixed-frequency clock pulses .

2. In the method according to claim 1, in contrast to the prototype, the phase rotation angle scan is converted into a code in proportion to the clock pulses from the beginning of the registration of the reverse phase increment to its zeroing by measuring the code N _j , by successive approximation with the normalized value N _0j by the condition: if the measured code N _{j is} larger than the normalized N _0j , the latter is increased by summing the pulses, otherwise, by subtracting them, if the codes N _{j =} N _{0j are} identical, the number of pulses is not changed, and the normalized code is taken as the measured one.

3. In the device of the optoelectronic circular view, containing blocks for receiving infrared and optical radiation with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with a phase angle sensor in the form of a sector-ring multiphase structure and a signal conditioner of the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane, unlike the prototype, an optical radiation receiver is a video camera mounted on a scanner of an IR radiation receiving unit, which organizes rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with an IR rotation angle sensor and the phase, located coaxially between the movable and stationary sector-ring structures of the scanner.

4. In the device according to claim 3., In contrast to the prototype, the infrared radiation receiver is a photodiode array included in a multiphase bridge switch circuit consisting of a parallel connection of two voltage dividers, organized from the series connection of a resistor and matrix phase photodiodes, the input the diagonal of the multiphase bridge switch is used to connect the energy source, and its output diagonal is loaded on the actuator drive of the scanner device.

5. In the device according to claim 3, in contrast to the prototype, the signal driver of the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane is made on an IR LED with an autonomous power source in the form of a decorative design, for example, an icon placed on the subject.

The essence of the method and device is illustrated in figure 1-4 at the level of time diagrams of figure 1 and the error of figure 2, kinematic figure 3 and structural figure 4 schemes.

, нормированных по фазе φ₀=π/m угла поворота, т.е. φ=iφ₀ (см. фиг.3, в). Детектор движения регистрирует излучение от ИК-генератора D размещаемого на объекте видеосъемки. Вращение организуют приводом с ИК-детектором движения в азимутальной плоскости пропорционально углу поворота фазы φ тактовыми импульсами частоты F₀ (фиг.1,а).The proposed method (figure 1) of an optoelectronic circular view includes receiving infrared and optical radiation with the possibility of rotation of the camera in the azimuthal plane along the multiphase angle φ of rotation of the video image. The optical radiation of the image is recorded by video shooting. The rotation through the angle φ is carried out synchronously with the reception of infrared radiation by a motion detector on i segments,

normalized in phase φ ₀ = π / m of the angle of rotation, i.e. φ = iφ ₀ (see Fig. 3, c). A motion detector detects radiation from an IR generator D placed on a video object. The rotation is organized by a drive with an IR motion detector in the azimuthal plane in proportion to the phase rotation angle φ by the clock pulses of frequency F ₀ (Fig. 1, a).

The frequency F _{0 is} determined by the minimum code N ₀ = 1 for the period T ₀ :

F ₀ ≥N ₀ / T ₀ = 1 / 0.1 = 10 Hz

Scanning the angle of rotation of the phase φ _{i is} converted into code N in proportion to the clock pulses of frequency F ₀ for the time interval τ _j (see figure 1). This corresponds to the time from the beginning of the registration of the reverse phase increment Δφ _j to its zeroing by the successive approximation of the normalized value N _0j to the measured value N _j according to the condition

If the measured code N _{j is} larger than the normalized N _0j , then it is increased by summing the pulses N _0j = N _0j + ΔN _j . When less than normal N _j N _0j, the latter is reduced by subtracting pulses N _0j = N _0j -ΔN _j. With the identity of the codes N _j = N _{0j, the} number of pulses is not changed, and the normalized code is taken as the measured one. The sequential approximation algorithm corresponds to the algebraic summation of the reverse increments ΔN _j = N _j -N ₀ .

The proposed method implements an optical-electronic all-round viewing device (see FIG. 3) using a video camera (1), including a video recorder, an IR motion detector (2) of an object and a drive (3). The video camera 1 is uploaded to the scanner (see Fig. 3, c) of the IR motion detector 2, which organizes rotation in the azimuthal plane from the signal generator of the presence of radiation and its direction (IR radiation generator). The generator is made on the IR LED D with an autonomous power source in a decorative design, for example in the form of an icon (buttons, keychain, etc.) placed on the object 4 of the video. The rotation of the scanner of the motion detector 2 is carried out by the drive 3 of the angle of rotation of the phase φ, which is located coaxially with the IR motion detector 2 and the video camera 1. The drive 3 with the motion detector 2 is placed between the movable and stationary sector-ring structures of the scanner. In this case, the actuator actuator 3 is mounted on the stationary ring of the scanner in the center of the sector-ring structure for organizing rotation in the azimuthal plane of the moving sector-ring structure, around the perimeter of the ring of which in the sectors there are infrared radiation receivers D _j , D _-j motion detector 2 ( see figure 3, c).

The receiver of the IR motion detector 2 is a photodiode array included in the scheme of a multiphase bridge switch (Fig. 3, a), consisting of a parallel connection of two voltage dividers. The dividers are organized from the series connection of the resistor and phase photodiodes D _j , D _-j matrix. The input diagonal of the multiphase bridge switch is used to connect the energy source E. The output diagonal of the switch (see figure 3, a) is loaded on the actuator drive 3 of the scanner device.

In the initial state (see FIG. 3, c), the camera lens 1 is located on the axis perpendicular to the object 4 due to the reception of infrared radiation by the motion detector 2 from the infrared LED D mounted on the video surveillance object 4. When object 4 is moved to the right (or left) by an angle φ = iφ ₀ , a code N is generated in motion detector 2, which is proportional to the ith sector of the multiphase angle φ. In the output diagonal of the bridge switch, current flows (Fig. 3, d) through the actuator actuator 3 in direct or inverse connection, depending on the illuminated diodes D _j , D _{-j of} the motion detector 2. The actuator 3 drives the scanner through an angle φ due to sequential inclusion of i segments by the method of successive approximation. As a result of scanning at an angle φ, the camera lens 1 is again located on the axis perpendicular to the object 4 of the video. With further movement of the object 4, the structural diagram of the drive 3 with the IR motion detector 2 functions similarly, fixing the multiphase rotation angle φ in code N.

Scanning the angle of rotation of the phase φ _{i is} converted into code N in proportion to the clock pulses of frequency F ₀ for the time interval τ _j (see figure 1). This corresponds to the time from the beginning of the registration of the reverse phase increment Δφ _j (Fig. 1, b) to its zeroing. The sequential approximation algorithm corresponds to the algebraic summation of the reverse increments ΔN _j = N _j -N _{0j of the} phase Δφ _j , recorded as the difference ΔN _j between the measured N _j and the normalized N _0j values. The sum of the reverse values in accordance with algorithm 1, and can be represented as

Given that the code N = F ₀ t, i.e. the product of the clock frequency F ₀ and time t associated with fixed intervals T _{0 by the} number j of pulses, we find for successive approximation (Fig. 1) ΔN _j = N ₀ .

Accordingly, the sum of the increments is

those. proportional to the number of i pulses. The graphs in figure 1, b, c illustrate the change in the code at intervals t _j increments

;

;

:and reverse from 3 to -2, for

:

,

,

, причем итоговая сумма N_-2 равна их разницеand

, and the total amount of N _-2 is equal to their difference

.

.

кольцевого сканера с круговым углом φ_2π=2π=360° обзораThe maximum code N _m is determined by the sum of m i -th segments

ring scanner with a circular angle φ _2π = 2π = 360 ° of review

of m multiphase rotation angles with normalized phase φ ₀ = φ _2π / 2m = φ _π / m.

The ring scanner ring (see Fig. 3, c) is divided in half into phases of the segments φ of the right φ ₊ and left φ _- rotation with the possibility of rotating the camera 1 in the azimuthal plane along the i-phase angle of rotation φ = iφ _{0 of the} video image, therefore, the codes N and N _{m are} proportional to the number of phase segments, respectively i and m:

From these relations the dependences N (φ) and N (i) follow:

showing the direct dependence of the code N on the rotation angle (phase) φ and the number i of segments.

. Диоды D_j организуют правый поворот, D_-j - левый, a D₀ фиксирует установившееся значение, принимаемое за нулевое. При этом в азимутальной плоскости угол поворота фазы равен нулю φ=iφ₀=φ₀, a ось вращения через фотодиод D₀ соосна с окуляром видеокамеры 1. Соответственно ось перпендикулярна ИК-светодиоду D, закрепленному на объекте 4, а также наблюдаемому объекту 4 видеосъемки. Поэтому выход ИК-фотодиода D₀ связан через дополнительное сопротивление R в диагональ питания с нулевым входом детектора 2. Выходная диагональ мостового коммутатора организована плечами суммы «+» и вычитания «-», объединенными каждый с m фотодиодами D_j и D_-j ИК-матрицы детектора движения 2 для регистрации многофазных углов φ правого или левого поворота объекта 4 видеосъемки.The structural diagram of the motion detector (DD) 2 (Figure 4) explains the method of video surveillance. DD 2 multiphase rotation angle φ contains a radiation detector from an infrared photo-diode array with 2m + 1 photodiodes D _j and D _-j ,

. Diodes D _j organize the right turn, D _-j - the left, and D ₀ fixes the steady-state value, taken as zero. In this case, in the azimuthal plane, the phase rotation angle is zero φ = iφ ₀ = φ ₀ , and the axis of rotation through the photodiode D _{0 is} aligned with the camera’s eyepiece 1. Accordingly, the axis is perpendicular to the IR LED D mounted on object 4, as well as the observed video object 4 . Therefore, the output of the IR photodiode D ₀ is connected through an additional resistance R to the power diagonal with a zero input of detector 2. The output diagonal of the bridge switch is organized by the arms of the sum “+” and subtraction “-”, each combined with m photodiodes D _j and D _-j IR- the matrix of the motion detector 2 for recording multiphase angles φ of the right or left rotation of the object 4 video.

In the initial state (see Fig. 3, b, c) the object 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the video recording of the camera 1, while there is no current in the output diagonal of the switch of the motion detector 2 (Fig. 3, d), because from the emitter of the infrared LED D, located on the object 4 of the video surveillance, the rays act on the zero D ₀ photodiode. In the initial state, the code N of detector 2 is zero. When rotating the object 4 to the right, for example on the segment 3 turning angle φ = 3φ _0, code N = 3N ₀ and N _0j = 0N ₀ normalized code (see. Figure 3 c). Rays from the LED D of object 4 are recorded by D _{3 by a} photodiode, which increases the total code of detector 2 for j cycles by pulses F ₀ . Due to the sequential approximation of the normalized code N _0j to the current N _{j, the} scanner (see Fig. 3, c) rotates to the right from j = 3rd segment to zero (see Fig. 3, b), and the detector code 2 increases

.

.

When the zero segment with the photodiode D _o is in the azimuthal plane on the axis perpendicular to the IR LED D of the object 4, the detector 2 of the drive 3 is turned off, and the video object 4 is again in front of the camera lens 1 on the axis perpendicular to the video. Similarly, motion detector 2 monitors the left turn due to the inclusion of D _-j photodiodes, which corresponds to a decrease in the code in detector 2 by frequency pulses F ₀ . Therefore, DD 2 registers the code N proportional to the integral (1) of the increments ΔN _{j of the} code corresponding to the linear transformation of the phase φ = iφ ₀ (or the number of i-segments) into the code according to characteristics (5).

Let us evaluate the proposed solution in comparison with the prototype in terms of metrological efficiency, namely, the accuracy (clarity) of the image of the video object, which is determined by the focal length error (see Fig. 3).

The focal length from the center O of the lens to the object F is equal to the shortest distance OF of a circle of radius r for an object in focus of the video. When moving an object to the right (or left), i.e. tangent to the focal length r, its radius increases to a circle with radius R - segment OF ′. The error ε of the change in the focal length is determined by the relative change in the radii Δ = r-R to the normalized focus r of the original circle

.

.

The ratio R / r of the radii of the circles is easy to find from the ratio of the sides of similar triangles FOF ′ and SOR with an equal angle α corresponding to half of the phase φ / 2 of the rotation angle φ in the azimuthal plane of movement of the video surveillance object:

,

,

because the leg OS of the right triangle SOR is found from the definition cosα = OS / r, and OS / r = r / R follows from the similarity of triangles. For the normalized phase φ _0, it is advisable to take the angle of rotation with an accuracy of the focal length, for example 1%, i.e. ε = 0.01 or φ ₀ = φ (0.01). The normalized phase φ ₀ can also be determined from a half circle with an angle φ _m = π = 180 ° and a maximum number m of segments i

φ ₀ = π / 2m.

, погрешность фокусного расстояния оценивается зависимостьюFor a multiphase rotation angle φ = i · φ ₀ from i segments, where

, the focal length error is estimated by the dependence

ε = 1-1 / cos (iπ / 2m).

числа сегментов.Estimation error ε (φ) with the normalized phase φ _0/2 = 8 ° and a maximum of m = 11 segments tabulated for

number of segments.

i one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 9 10 eleven φ _0/2, ° 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 cosϕ 0.99 0.96 0.91 0.85 0.77 0.76 0.56 0.44 0.31 0.17 0,035 ε,% 1,0 4.0 9.5 eighteen 31 fifty 79 128 224 476 2765 φ ₀ , ° 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 160 176 ε _r ,% 1,0 4.0 8.7 fifteen 23,4 33 44 56 69 83 96.5

The bottom row of the table reflects the error ε _{r of} focusing when moving an object in a circle with a radius r of focal length, which corresponds to the estimate

ε _r = 1-cos (iπ / 2m).

и расходятся при широкофокусных углах поворота, при этом погрешность ε_r приближается к 1 (100%) для

, а погрешность ε при увеличении или уменьшении радиуса r фокуса объекта в k-раз превышает 1 и изменяется в диапазоне 1,28-27,7 для сегментов

.Errors ε and ε _r coincide at small (standard) angles

and diverge at wide-angle rotation angles, while the error ε _r approaches 1 (100%) for

, and the error ε when increasing or decreasing the radius r of the focus of the object k-times exceeds 1 and varies in the range of 1.28-27.7 for segments

.

Thus, the proposed method and device of optoelectronic circular viewing, in contrast to the known solutions, by automating rotation of the rotation angle, can extend video surveillance to a panoramic panoramic view with regulated accuracy of the standardized measure, for example, with an error of 1% for a video lens with an angle of 16 ° , which increases the accuracy of video surveillance by two orders of magnitude or the metrological effectiveness of video recording. The proposed method and device expand the capabilities of household video equipment to a professional level through the introduction of measuring and information technology in optoelectronic instrumentation.

Claims (5)

1. The method of optoelectronic circular viewing, including receiving infrared and optical radiation with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane along a multiphase angle of rotation, generating a signal for the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane, characterized in that the optical radiation of the image is recorded by video synchronously with reception IR radiation placed on a video object due to scanning in the azimuthal plane of the corresponding phase rotation angle by fixed-frequency clock pulses. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the phase angle scan is converted into a code in proportion to the clock pulses from the beginning of the registration of the reverse phase increment to its zeroing by measuring the code N _{j by} successive approximation with the normalized value N _0j by condition, if the measured code N _{j is} greater than the normalized N _0j , then the latter is increased by summing the pulses, otherwise, by subtracting them, if the codes N _{j =} N _{0j are} identical, the number of pulses is not changed, and the normalized code is taken as the measured one. 3. The device of the optoelectronic circular review, containing blocks for receiving infrared and optical radiation with the possibility of rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with a phase angle sensor in the form of a sector-ring multiphase structure and a signal conditioner of the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane, characterized in that the optical radiation receiver is a video camera mounted on a scanner of an infrared radiation receiving unit that organizes rotation in the azimuthal plane by a drive with an infrared angle sensor zy located coaxially between the movable and fixed sector-ring structures of the scanner. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the infrared radiation receiver is a photodiode array included in accordance with a multiphase bridge switch circuit consisting of a parallel connection of two voltage dividers arranged from the series connection of a resistor and phase matrix photodiodes, the input diagonal of a multiphase bridge The switch is used to connect an energy source, and its output diagonal is loaded on the actuator of the scanner device. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the driver of the signal for the presence of radiation and its direction in the azimuthal plane is made on an IR LED with an autonomous power source in the form of a decorative design, for example, an icon placed on the subject.

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