RU2425805C1 - Method of purifying water from ions and apparatus for implementing said method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: method involves tangential feeding of water into the top part of a cylindrical vessel and imparting circular motion to the stream, treatment of the water with a rotating electric field with strength of 2.00.6 V/cm and tapping water through channels. The electric field is created using 4-8 pairs of electrodes lying inside a housing on its walls. Water is fed from down the cylindrical vessel on three channels: purified water is continuously fed from a central channel and water saturated with a neutral precipitate, anions and cations is continuously or periodically fed through two peripheral channels. During continuous tapping, water flow rate is set proportional to concentration of ions in the initial water, which is controlled by water valves, and during periodic tapping - based on accumulation time thereof, which depends on concentration of anions and cations. Separation of anions and cations on the channels is facilitated by positive and negative electrodes placed over the channels and additional exposure to a constant electric field created by the electrodes over the channels. ^ EFFECT: high level of purity of discharges of soluble substances which are in form of anions and cations in aqueous medium, in large volumes at low expenses. ^ 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water purification technology and can be used in various industries for the treatment of industrial discharges.

Known cyclones, technology and devices [1], providing wastewater treatment in the field of centrifugal forces, using the tangential feed of the initial water flow to the upper part of the cylindrical vessel to create a rotation of the water flow, while suspended particles are deposited in the conical lower part of the cylindrical vessel.

The main disadvantage of devices and technologies is the inability to purify water from ions of soluble substances.

There is a method of clarification of water [2], using for its processing a constant electric current with a voltage of 5-10 V / cm, at which gravitational purification of water, preserving the "memory" for 50-100 hours, is accelerated.

The disadvantage of this method is that ions that do not form insoluble salts after processing remain in the water and accumulate in closed cycles of its circulation.

The relative mobility of ions is known [3], namely, that the anions and cations of soluble substances have approximately equal mobility with the exception of dissociated water ions, which is significant when the electric field is more than 20 V / cm, and practically absent when the field is less than 3 V / cm.

The objective of the invention is to increase the level of purification of discharges from soluble substances, which in the aquatic environment are in the form of anions and cations, in large volumes at low cost.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the water is affected by a rotating electric field with a voltage of 2.0 ± 0.6 V / cm, which gives an additional rotational movement to the flow of suspended particles and ions for their removal from the central region of the cylindrical vessel to the peripheral one, and water is released from below the cylindrical the vessel through three channels: from the central region through the channel, it is continuously purified, from the peripheral region through two channels saturated with a neutral precipitate, anions and cations continuously or periodically, while In case of irrigation / drainage, the water flow rate is set proportionally to the concentration of ions in the source water, which is controlled by the gate valves, and if it is periodic, by the time of their accumulation, which depends on the concentration of anions and cations, the separation of anions and cations through the channels is ensured by installing positive and negative electrodes above the channels additional exposure to a constant electric field created by electrodes mounted above the channels.

The cylindrical vessel is made of insulating material and / or metal with an internal insulating coating, inside of which 4-8 pairs of electrodes are located at the wall, made congruently to the walls of the vessel, which are connected through a serial switching device to a direct current source to create a rotating electric field with a strength of 2 ± 0.6 V / cm, and in the lower part of the cylindrical vessel above the peripheral channels there are two electrodes connected directly to the DC source for section the channels along the channels of ions and cations, while additional baffles are installed in the bottom part of the cylindrical vessel, and the outlet channels have adjustable valves.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of the device; figure 2 is a section aa to explain the process of creating a rotating electric field; figure 3 is a section bB to explain the process of separation of anions and cations.

In the drawings, the following notation: 1 - a cylindrical vessel; 2 - water supply channel; 3 - electrodes to create a rotating electric field; 4 - electrodes for the separation of anions and cations; 5 - channel for the withdrawal of purified water; 6 - channel for the withdrawal of water with anions; 7 - channel for water output with cations; 8 - partitions for the separation of water with anions and cations; 9 - adjustable gate valves; 10 - a direct current source; 11 - device sequential switching of electric current; 12 - calculated path of the movement of ions.

The implementation of the method of purification of water from ions is as follows.

Contaminated water is supplied to the upper part of the cylindrical vessel 1 through the water supply channel 2, which is installed tangentially, the flow of which acquires a clockwise rotation. At the same time, a pair of electrodes 3 located opposite each other is supplied with voltage from a direct current source 10 through a series switching device 11, which automatically connects the voltage to the electrodes 3, providing an ion path 12 along the clockwise movement of water. Water, rotating, sinks to the bottom of the cylindrical vessel 1. Due to the rotating electric field, ions from the center of the vessel are carried out to the peripheral region of the vessel, and suspended particles are carried out together with them due to centrifugal forces. At the bottom of the cylindrical vessel 1, a constant voltage is applied to the electrodes 4 from an electric current source 10, which ensures the localization of anions and cations at opposite electrodes 4. To eliminate rotational motion at the bottom of cylinder 1 and prevent the mixing of purified water and water saturated with anions and cations, they are installed annular and radial partitions 8.

Water is discharged from the bottom of the cylindrical vessel 1 through three channels: from the central region through channel 5 it is purified continuously, from the peripheral region through channel 6 saturated with a neutral precipitate and anions, and through channel 7 with a neutral precipitate and cations. Water is dispensed from peripheral channels continuously or periodically. With continuous water supply, the flow rate to maintain a balance of water intake and flow rate is controlled taking into account the proportionality of the quantitative ion composition of the source water by the shutter valves 9. Periodic water is produced by the accumulation time of ions and cations in the channels, depending on their concentration in the water.

Given the relative mobility of the ions, the electric field in the cylindrical vessel 1 is maintained at 2.0 ± 0.6 V / cm, at which dissociation of water and the formation of OH ^- and H ⁺ ions are practically absent.

The proposed method of purification of water from soluble substances and a device for its implementation increases the level of purification of discharges in large volumes at low cost.

Literature

1. Zhukov A.I., Mongayt I.P., Rodziller I.D. Industrial Wastewater Treatment Methods: A Reference Guide. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1977. - P.55-61.

2. RF patent No. 2031857. The method of clarification of water. IPC C02F 01/46, B03C 05/00. Will declare. VNIIHydrogol. Auth. Stefanyuk B.M. Claim 07/16/91. Publ. 03/27/95. Bull. Number 9.

3. Yakovlev S.V., Krasnobrotko I.G., Rogov V.M. Technology of electrochemical water treatment. - L .: Stroyizdat, 1987. - P.26-27.

Claims (2)

1. A method of purifying water from ions, including tangential water supply to the upper part of a cylindrical vessel and applying a circular motion to the stream, treating the water with a physicoelectrical method and draining the water through channels, characterized in that the water is affected by a rotating electric field of tension 2.0 ± 0.6 V / cm, which gives an additional rotational movement to the flow of suspended particles and ions for their removal from the central region of the cylindrical vessel to the peripheral, and water is discharged from the bottom of the cylindrical vessel through three channels: tral area through the channel is cleaned continuously, from the peripheral area through two channels - saturated with a neutral precipitate, anions and cations, continuously or periodically, while with a continuous drainage, the water flow rate is set in proportion to the concentration of ions in the source water, which is regulated by the gate valves, and with periodic by the time of their accumulation, depending on the concentration of anions and cations, and the separation of anions and cations into channels is ensured by installing a positive and negative electron above the channels rows and an additional influence by a constant electric field produced by electrodes installed over channels. 2. A device for implementing the method of water purification from ions according to claim 1, including a cylindrical vessel, electrodes of physical-electric water treatment, an electric power source, water supply and drainage channels, characterized in that the cylindrical vessel is made of insulating material and / or metal with an internal insulating coating, inside of which 4-8 pairs of electrodes are located at the wall, made congruently to the walls of the vessel, which are connected through a serial switching device to a constant current source to create a dc electric field with a strength of 2 ± 0.6 V / cm, and in the lower part of the cylindrical vessel above the peripheral channels there are two electrodes connected directly to a direct current source for separation of ions and cations along the channels, while in the bottom part of the cylindrical vessel partitions, and the output channels have adjustable valves.

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