RU2585103C1 - Extended mine clearing charge - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to military equipment, particularly to extended mine clearing charge. Extended mine clearing charge consists of sections, each of which contains extended explosive charges, units of bend, as well as end joint and transmission of detonation. Each end assembly comprises an end nozzle. Each section is made with same end nozzles, made with cylindrical ends. Extended mine clearing charge is equipped with covering ends of nozzles with clutches of sections with locks based on split spring rings of rhomboid section and annular grooves. Bottom and lead-in surface grooves on couplings and nozzles and all end and side surfaces of rings are tapered, converging to adjacent section. Rings are made with possibility of twisting and jamming in grooves at stretching power load.

EFFECT: higher functional characteristics of mine clearing charge.

5 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of military equipment, namely, devices of elongated clearance charges supplied from land launchers to anti-tank mine fields through the air by jet engines to make passages for armored vehicles and other equipment in mine fields during a quick offensive operation.

From the prior art, elongated clearance charges are known that are part of the ammunition of the UR-83P and UR-77 demining systems (prototype) (Russia) (see, for example, Russia's Arms / Catalog / T.UN / High-precision weapons and ammunition "/ AOZT" Military Parade ", p. 657, 658. M. - 1997)," TAMKAR "(Turkey) (see, for example," Jane's Mines and Mine Clearance 2008-2009 "/ Edited by Colin King / Thirteenth Edition, p. 715), “M58 (M58 MICLIC)” (USA) (see, for example, US Army Field Charter FM 20-32. Mine / Contermine Operations. Headquarters, Department of the Army, Washington, DC, 30 June 1999. Change 08/22/2001. Chapter 10).

Known clearance charges have a length of up to several hundred meters and a mass of several tons and, according to the conditions of production and operation, consist of successively assembled long sections weighing several tens of kilograms between each other by screwing. In this case, each section contains links of explosive charges (BB), each of which is located in the outer shell or in the case, through power threads that absorb the main longitudinal loads of the reactive feed, through detonation transmission cords, section bend nodes between the links, end knots for terminating power threads, knocking and joining sections. The end nodes contain a metal end fitting equipped with a transfer charge detonator.

All domestic and foreign elongated clearance charges known to the authors have threaded units for connecting sections in series, respectively, made differently with internal threads on the tail nipple (since this is the fuse mounting side) and external threads on the head nipple. Accordingly, many related parts are structurally different. In the production of clearance charges, this increases the nomenclature of the metal kit and, ultimately, its cost.

When equipping and reloading demining systems, charges are sequentially collected from sections that are removed from the packages, delivered by combat crew to elongated cartridges on board the unit, sequentially attached and compactly stacked due to the formed folds. Docking of the next sections is often preferred to be done already inside the cassette upon completion of laying the previous section in it (especially at sub-zero temperatures). In this case, only one fighter can freely act in the cassette, he also stacks and makes sections. All operations are manual, time-consuming, time-consuming and, for combat crew, are regulated by the standard assembly time and loading of the clearance charge into the clearance unit.

The developers of this type of weapon are faced with the task of constantly improving it in the direction of improving the main tactical and technical characteristics, which include, on the one hand, the linear mass of explosives and the length of the mine clearance, which determine the effectiveness of the action, and on the other hand, the convenience and speed of reloading its installation combat crew.

With an increase in the length and mass of the charge, the convenience and speed of recharging the machine becomes almost the main operational parameter. Indeed, the passage of explosive passes is carried out during a quick offensive operation, and reloading of a moving mine clearance unit after the next application cannot be carried out on the go, such as loading a truck, and the installation is recharging behind the front edge of the front, near which it should be ready at the time of reloading be. Therefore, when conducting training combat training, the calculations work out assembly operations, trying to reduce the reload time to a minimum.

Known clearance charges in recent decades have been made from plastic explosives. Currently, the technological capabilities of forming elongated charges from plastic explosives, especially with an increase in their linear mass, are practically exhausted. But in a new perspective opened up the use of more powerful and in the current conditions technologically advanced injection-molded explosive compositions. Therefore, the new design of mine clearance charges returned to the schemes of multi-link sections with rigid hull or checkered explosive links, i.e. with the linear mass of explosive charge divided along the section length.

However, if due to the flexibility and softness of the plastic charge, the elongated mine clearance charge is supplied in air in a relatively sparing mode, then when the elongated charge is supplied with a “dissected” linear mass, significantly larger, jerky-uneven loads occur: transverse, during sampling from the cartridge, and longitudinal, in flight and during final braking. This specificity of multi-link structures requires an appropriate design solution in the direction of increasing the strength of the connecting nodes.

Technological tasks to reduce the complexity of manufacturing and the cost of all components of the clearance charge remain invariably relevant.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an elongated mine clearance devoid of the above disadvantages.

The invention provides the following technical results:

- reduction of the assembly time and loading of the mine clearance charge into the mine clearance facility (up to 40%) and reduction of the laboriousness of assembly operations to combat crew in the field, especially at low temperatures;

- improving the functional characteristics of the connecting nodes of the mine clearance charge and reducing jerky-uneven loads on the elements of the sections when starting the mine clearance charge;

- increasing technological and reducing the cost of structural solutions by reducing the range of parts of the end elements of the sections, the simplicity and manufacturability of the manufactured parts.

The elongated mine clearance developed by the authors consists of sections, each of which contains elongated explosive charges, bend nodes, as well as end knots for connecting and transmitting detonation, each containing an end fitting, characterized in that each section is made with the same end fittings made with cylindrical ends, and the elongated clearance charge is equipped with clutch sections of the sections with locks covering the ends of the fittings based on split spring rings of rhomboidal section and count tsevyh grooves, and bottom surfaces of the grooves on zahodnye couplings and fittings, and all the end and side surfaces of the rings are conical, converging towards the adjacent section, and the rings is configured to twisting and jamming in the grooves when a tensile force load.

The taper angles are 150 ... 165 ° for the opposite end surfaces of the rings, 30 ... 60 ° for the opposite side surfaces of the rings and the bottom surfaces of the grooves of the fittings and couplings, and the section of the rings is made with double or more elongation.

Split rings are made with attenuating transverse cuts, and the number of ring-groove pairs in each coupling can be at least four.

The couplings may be provided with slots at the points of the spans of the split rings for introducing expanding tongs.

This embodiment of the design of the elongated mine clearance charge provides a significant reduction in the reloading time of the mine clearance unit and facilitates combat crew work. It also provides an increase in the strength and functional characteristics of the connecting charge nodes, an increase in technological and a decrease in the cost indicators of the developed technical solution.

The design of the proposed extended charge clearance is illustrated by drawings and photographs.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of an elongated mine clearance charge in a partially assembled form, in the process of feeding it to the installation cassette and before final assembly using the next coupler.

In FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an assembly for connecting sections of an elongated clearance charge.

In FIG. 3 shows the geometry of one of the coupling spring rings.

In FIG. 4, 5, 6, photographs of options for connection points are presented before and after the tensile tests to failure.

Like all known elongated clearance charges, the developed elongated clearance charge (Fig. 1) contains sections connected in series. The sections contain elongated links 1, 2 of the explosive charge in the body or braid sheath, bend nodes 3 between all links 1, 2, through detonation transmission cords 4, through power threads 5, as well as end head 6 and tail 7 knots for closing power threads, connection of sections and transmission of detonation. The end nodes contain end fittings equipped with transfer charges-detonators - head end fittings 8 and tail end fittings 9.

In the developed design, each section is symmetrical - with the same head 8 and tail 9 fittings, while the fittings 8, 9 are made with ends 10 and 11 cylindrical in shape (Fig. 2). The clearance charge is provided with clutch sections 12 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2) with locks based on (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) spring split rings 13, annular grooves 14 on the inner side, covering the ends of the fittings (put on the ends of the fittings) couplings 12 and mating annular grooves 15 at the cylindrical ends 10, 11 of the adjacent fittings 8, 9.

The rings 13 are made of rhomboidal cross-section, with the bottom 16 surface of the grooves on the couplings, the input 17 (at the end) and 18 (inside) surfaces on the couplings, the bottom surface of the 19 grooves 15 on the fittings, the input surface 20 on the fittings (Fig. 3) and all end 21, 22, side 23 and 24 of the surface of the rings are conical. These conical surfaces of the respective castle pairs converge to an adjacent section (the vertices of the conical surfaces of each castle pair are directed towards the corresponding joined section).

When this ring 13 is made with the possibility of twisting and jamming in the grooves 14 with tensile power load.

The taper angles 25 and 26 (Fig. 3) of the rings 13 for opposite end surfaces 21 and 22 are 150 ... 165 °. The taper angles 27 and 28 for the opposite side surfaces 23 and 24 of the rings 13, as well as the taper angles for the bottom surfaces 16 of the grooves 14 on the couplings 12, and also the taper angles of the bottom surfaces 19 of the grooves 15 on the fittings are selected within the range of 30 ... 60 °. The cross section of the rings is made with double and more elongation. These ratios are obtained as a result of calculation and design studies. With a decrease in the angle of 30 °, the length of the rings sharply increases and their stability decreases, and with an increase in the angle of 60 °, the rigidity of the rings increases significantly.

The rings 13 are mainly in the middle part relative to the slot 29 is made with weakening transverse cuts 30.

In each coupling, only two lock pairs can be made, that is, one ring per side. However, as will be noted below, it is advisable to have the number of lock pairs at least four, that is, at least two rings per side.

The main - combat - execution of an elongated clearance charge laid in a mine clearance cassette never involves the need for disassembly in sections. Like regular ammunition, it is designed for single use. In an emergency situation, for example, if the installation is damaged, the charge will be overloaded without disassembling, for example, in the car body.

The training performance of the inert charge of mine clearance provides for its use with shots at a distance of up to ten times. After the training shot, the disassembly of the inert charge into sections is also not provided. The charge, as expected, withstands training shots and is picked up from the ground and placed back into the mine clearance cassette. It is possible, however, and accidental damage to the inert charge, when it may be necessary to replace any section. Known threaded connection nodes do not always allow this to be done due to deformation of threaded parts during starts and falls and due to clogging and jamming of the thread.

In the proposed construction, on the lateral surface of the training (inert) elongated clearance charges, shown in FIG. 2 slotted slots 31 for the expanding tool at the site of the gaps (slots 29) of the split spring rings.

The described conical execution of the surfaces of the rings and grooves, an elongated sectional shape, reducing the thickness of the ring, weakening the cutouts on the rings and their duplication to further reduce the necessary connecting force per ring, provide the possibility of manual assembly without the use of special tools that are always inconvenient for military use.

When the mine installation equipment is equipped with an extended mine clearance charge, the sections are removed from the packages (in the box - 1 section and 1 separate coupling with rings installed) and are delivered by calculation to the installation board. While any end of the section closest to the machine, like the head, is sent to the installation cassette for connection to the jet engines of charge supply, the first fighter puts the sleeve 12 on the tail end fitting 9, and the second calculation fighter sends the nearest fitting 8 of the second section to the coupling. By counterpropagating movement, both fighters shift the tail and head end nodes 7 and 6 of the connected sections in the coupling until they stop and click on the fittings of the split spring rings. Following the first, the second attached section, as well as all subsequent ones, are fed aboard and are subsequently stacked in the mine clearance cassette. An explosive device 32 and a brake cable 33 are attached to the end coupling or adapter, which is designed to provide a given feed distance and electrical or mechanical detonation of the charge.

The connection using split rings greatly simplifies not only the joining of the sections, but also the process of stacking the charge in the cassette, in which the twisting of the charge due to the constant change in the plane of the bends easily plays out at the joints of the sections in the couplings 12 acting as swivels.

When reactively feeding an elongated charge to a minefield through the air, the successive involvement of the sections in the movement is jerky. Under the action of lateral jerks and during straightening of previously folded sections, the charge filament twists, similar to how it happened when laying the section in a cassette. And just as this was ensured during installation, the scrolling of the stressed sections at the joints of the sections along the couplings 12 maintains the integrity of the structure.

With an increase in traction or brake loads to peak values and with repeated ripples of the longitudinal load of the ring 13, abutting the sharp edges of the surfaces 21 and 22 against the end surfaces of the working grooves of the couplings and fittings, they are twisted and correspondingly rotate the ring sections in the grooves up to jamming in opposite corners of the opposing grooves of the couplings and end fittings, while acting as shock absorbing pads. Moreover, due to the conical shape of the end surfaces 21 and 22 and the taper angles of 25 and 26, equal to 150 ... 165 °, double or more section elongation, when the rings are twisted (twisted), their stop edges and end stop surfaces remain in a state of “sliding” in depth , but not out of the grooves and cannot go out of gears.

In the position wedged in the corners of the grooves, the split rings have increased stability and, accordingly, compressive strength, and therefore can be made in section with more than double elongation. On the other hand, for split spring rings with longer sections (in other words, with thinner sections), less diverging efforts are required, and this is one of the conditions for enabling field assembly of charges without the use of a special tool.

Laboratory tensile tests confirmed the reliability, speed of assembly and sufficient strength of the joints. In particular, the strength of the joint assembly made in the dimensions of the serial product amounted to 10,500 kg, which exceeds the existing strength by almost half.

Claims (5)

1. An elongated clearance charge consisting of sections, each of which contains elongated explosive charges, bend nodes, as well as end knots for connecting and transmitting detonation, each containing an end fitting, characterized in that each section is made with the same end fittings, made with cylindrical ends, and the elongated clearance charge is equipped with clutch sections of the sections with locks covering the ends of the fittings based on split spring rings of the rhomboid section and annular grooves, zahodnye that bottom surface and the grooves of the sleeves and fittings, and all the end and side surfaces of the rings are conical, converging towards the adjacent section, and the rings is configured to twisting and jamming in the grooves when a tensile force load. 2. The elongated clearance charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the taper angles are 150 ... 165 ° for the opposite end surfaces of the rings, 30 ... 60 ° for the opposite side surfaces of the rings and the bottom surfaces of the grooves of the nipples and couplings, and the ring section is double and more lengthening. 3. An elongated clearance charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the split rings are made with attenuating transverse cutouts. 4. The elongated clearance charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of rings in each coupling is at least four. 5. An elongated clearance charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the couplings are provided with slots in the place of the gaps of the split rings.

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