RU2777047C1 - Flying junction - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to highways and can be used in the reconstruction of existing urban flying junctions or in areas of new buildings. The flying junction is located at different levels. The junction is additionally equipped with tram tracks, located at the edge of the roadway, and automobile exits, connecting roads of different levels; where the first even lane (FEL) of the upper road (UR) is connected by two automobile exits from the FEL of the lower road (LR), one of which is intended for climbing from LD to UR, the second for descending from UR to LR. The LR FEL is connected by an split road with the UR FEL, located under the bridge for tram tracks, and the first odd lane (FOL) of the LR is connected by an automobile exit with the UR FEL, passing along the bridge over the tram tracks, and a two-track tram section, located at the edge of the FOL along the UR is connected by tram tracks with a two-track tram section, located at the edges of the FOL along the LR; either the LR FOL is connected by automobile exits with the UR FEL, passing along the bridge over the tram tracks, and the two-track tram section, located at the edge of the FOL along the UR is connected by tram tracks with two two-track tram sections of the LR, located at the edges of the FOL and the FEL along the LR; or a two-track tram section, located at the edge of the FOL along the UR, it is connected by tram tracks with a double-track tram section, located at the edge of the FOL along the LR.

EFFECT: increase in the safety of urban transport, an increase in the speed of passenger delivery.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The field of technology to which the invention belongs

The invention relates to roads and can be used in the reconstruction of existing urban overpass interchanges or in areas of new buildings.

State of the art

Known two-level overpasses, which are designed to pass passenger, freight and cars. At present, the trend towards the development of a tram that does not create harmful emissions into the atmosphere, has a minimum resistance to movement compared to other passenger transport, and consumes less energy to transport one passenger per kilometer is increasing.

A method for reconstructing a cloverleaf overpass, including the construction of two-lane directional ramps with two overpasses and two tunnels with approaches, characterized in that they additionally arrange ramps that make it possible to close traffic along the highway for the construction of tunnels, and also arrange ramps for construction or repair overpasses. [Patent 2428538 (RF), A method for reconstructing a cloverleaf overpass/ Vasiliev A.S. - Publ. 02/20/2011. Bull. No. 5, IPC E01C 1/04 (2006.01)].

The disadvantage of two-level overpass interchanges, in particular the technical solution according to patent 2428538 (RF) “Method of reconstruction of a cloverleaf overpass” is a rather complicated design, high construction cost, for the implementation of the application it will be necessary to free a large area from urban development.

The technical solution presented in patent 2428538 (RF) is chosen as a prototype.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result to be achieved by this solution is to increase the safety of urban transport, increase the speed of delivery of passengers and reduce the cost of transportation of passengers and goods.

An ordinary tram does not have the highest speed, and needs to be increased. This can be facilitated by the introduction of light rail lines. Tram tracks should not intersect with the lanes of other vehicles of the vehicle, or have a special cover from possible collisions (barriers, (UZP - crossing closing device, etc.). The most appropriate solution is to use two-level interchanges without crossing tram tracks by other TS.

An overpass located at different levels, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with tram exits located at the edge of the roadway, and exits for motor vehicles connecting roads of different levels; where the first even lane (PPP) of the upper road (VD) is connected by two car ramps with the PPP of the lower road (ND), one of which is intended for ascent from ND to VD, the other - for descending from VD to ND,

at the same time, the PPP ND is connected by an automobile ramp to the PPP VD located under the bridge for tram tracks, and the first odd lane (PNL) of the ND is connected by a motor ramp to the PPP VD passing through the bridge above the tram tracks, and the double-track tram section located at the edge of the PNP along VD is connected by tram exits with a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the ND;

or the ND TNP is connected by car ramps to the VD PNP passing through the bridge over the tram tracks, and the double-track tram section located at the edge of the PNP along the VD is connected by tram ramps to two double-track tram sections of the ND located at the edges of the PNP and PPP along the ND;

or a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the VD is connected by tram exits to a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the ND.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the overpass interchange full profile PPRPP; figure 2 - the second version of PPRPP; figure 3 - viaduct interchange lightweight profile PPROP.

Implementation of the invention

Figures 1, 2, 3 and the text presents the following notation:

1 - upper road;

2 - lower road;

3 - traffic lanes of the upper road;

4 - traffic lanes of the lower road;

5 - tram tracks of the upper road;

6 - tram tracks of the lower road;

7 - the first exits between the tram tracks of the upper and lower roads;

8, 9 - stopping platforms at the tram tracks of the upper and lower roads;

10 and 11 - the first lane of automobile traffic along the upper road in the odd and even directions;

12 and 13 - the first lane of automobile traffic along the lower road in odd and even directions;

14, 15, 16, 17 - ramps between the car lanes of the upper and lower roads;

18 - road bridge over tram tracks;

19 - tram bridge over motorways;

20 - second tram exits;

21 - the second tram tracks of the lower road;

22 - stopping platforms at the second tram tracks;

VD - upper road;

ND - lower road;

PNP - the first odd car lane;

CHP - the first even car lane;

PPROP - overpass interchange of lightweight profile;

PPRPP - overpass interchange of a full profile;

PPRPPDTP - full profile overpass interchange with additional tram tracks,

TC is a vehicle.

Viaduct interchanges allow you to freely cross the road vehicles, which are located at different levels. All presented overpass interchanges are additionally equipped with tram exits 7, as well as exits for road transport, which are laid so that the tram tracks do not cross the traffic lanes.

The tram tracks of both roads are located along the edge of the roadway.

For convenience of description, the direction of movement from left to right, and from top to bottom, we will call odd, and the opposite direction - even, we will call the rightmost lane for car traffic in the odd direction the first odd lane of the TNG, the rightmost lane for car traffic in the even direction - the first even lane of the PPP, at the same time, it should be indicated to which road the pososa belongs: to the upper road of the VD or to the lower road of the LP;

The odd tram track of the upper road is connected by exit 7 with the odd tram track of the lower road, and the even tram tracks are similarly connected.

Below are three options for overpass interchanges:

In the first interchange (figure 1) PPP VD is connected by two car ramps with PPP ND, one of which 16 allows you to climb from ND to VD, the other 15 - to descend from VD to ND, in addition, PPP ND is connected by a motor ramp to PPP VD 17, the motorway ramp is laid under the bridge for tram lines, the ND PNP is connected by the motorway ramp to the PPP VD 14, the motorway ramp passes over the bridge over the tram tracks. The double-track tram section VD 5 is connected by ramps 7 with the double-track tram section ND 6. We will designate this design of the overpass interchange as the overpass interchange of the full profile PPRPP.

When moving from point A to points C and D, it is necessary to make 1 and 2 turns, respectively; when moving from point B to points C and D, it is necessary to make 0 and 1 turns, respectively; when moving from point C to points A and B, it is necessary to make 0 and 1 turns, respectively; when moving from point D to points A and B, it is necessary to make 1 and 0 turns, respectively. The total number of U-turns while driving along the overpass is 6.

The operation of the PPRPP is possible with any number of vehicle movements from one road to another.

In the second junction (figure 2) PPP VD is connected by two car ramps with PPP ND, one of which 16 allows you to climb from ND to VD, the second 15 - to go down from VD to ND, PNP ND is connected by road with PPP VD 14, the exit passes over the bridge over the tram tracks, the double-track tram section of the VD is connected by exits 7 and 20 with two double-track tram sections of the ND;

In the third interchange (figure 3) PPP VD is connected by two car ramps with PPP ND, one of which 16 allows you to climb from ND to VD, the other 15 - to descend from VD to ND, the double-track tram section of the VD is connected by ramps 7 to the double-track tram section of the ND ; such a construction of an overpass interchange will be denoted by an overpass interchange of a lightweight profile PPROP.

When moving from point A to points C and D, it is necessary to make 1 and 2 turns, respectively; when moving from point B to points C and D, it is necessary to make 0 and 1 turns, respectively; when moving from point C to points A and B, it is necessary to make 2 and 2 turns, respectively; when moving from point D to points A and B, it is necessary to make 0 and 1 U-turns, respectively, the total number of U-turns when driving along the overpass is 9.

The operation of the PPROP is possible with a small number of vehicle movements from one road to another, i.e. no more than one vehicle per minute.

The number of vehicle turns at overpass junctions characterizes the effectiveness of the junctions and allows you to choose the option of using the junction depending on the intensity of the vehicle movement between the VD and LP.

The viaduct shown in Fig. 1 is more efficient than the viaduct shown in Fig. 3, but it is expensive to build and operate.

Given the three options for overpass interchanges shown in figure 1, 2, 3, you can carry out the decoupling of tram tracks and lanes of road transport in the design of various urban routes. Restriction in laying routes may be insufficient width of the road. In this case, it will be necessary to expand the carriageway for laying lanes and ramps for motor transport and tracks and ramps for trams.

Claims (4)

An overpass located at different levels, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with tram exits located at the edge of the roadway, and exits for motor vehicles connecting roads of different levels; where the first even lane (PPP) of the upper road (VD) is connected by two car ramps with the PPP of the lower road (ND), one of which is intended for ascent from ND to VD, the second - for descending from VD to ND, at the same time, the PPP ND is connected by an automobile ramp to the PPP VD located under the bridge for tram tracks, and the first odd lane (PNL) of the ND is connected by a motor ramp to the PPP VD passing through the bridge above the tram tracks, and the double-track tram section located at the edge of the PNP along VD, connected by tram exits with a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the ND; or the ND TNP is connected by car ramps to the VD PNP passing through the bridge over the tram tracks, and the double-track tram section located at the edge of the PNP along the VD is connected by tram ramps to two double-track tram sections of the ND located at the edges of the PNP and PPP along the ND; or a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the VD is connected by tram exits to a double-track tram section located at the edge of the TNP along the ND.

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