RU2796110C2 - Centrifugal cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water treatment.

SUBSTANCE: centrifugal treatment device designed to purify natural and industrial wastewater from suspended solids by centrifugal separation used in mechanical engineering, the construction industry, mining and other industries. The device consists of a housing in the form of a spiral diffuser channel with a horizontal axis, with nozzles for contaminated water supply, purified water removal, sludge removal, thin-layer settling zone with wash water troughs. It also contains a coagulant supply and dosing device in the form of a belt conveyor with an adjustable counterweight and a damper control sensor and a conveyor drive. The mixing chamber is a static mixer composed of separate helical swirl plates. The spiral housing in the outlet part, in front of the thin-layer plates, contains a stabilization chamber with an inclined bottom wall.

EFFECT: significant improving the quality of wastewater treatment.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The device is designed for purification of natural and industrial wastewater by centrifugal separation and can be used in mechanical engineering, construction industry, mining and other industries.

Known devices for the purification of polluted wastewater from suspended solids by centrifugal separation. For example, in the book. "Engineering protection of surface water from industrial effluents" (D.A. Krivoshey, P.P. Kukin, V.L. Lapin and others. M. Higher school. 2003. - 344 p.) in fig. 4.11 shows a diagram of a multi-tiered open hydrocyclone (p. 99). In this device, to improve the quality of cleaning, tiers of conical diaphragms are used.

The weight of the used hydrocyclones is applicable for water purification from coarsely dispersed large pollutants. To improve the quality of cleaning and trapping medium and small particles of pollutants, either additional cleaning devices are used or physicochemical methods are used to pre-enlarge medium and small particles of pollutants.

In the centrifugal cleaning device (utility model patent No. 193149, bull. No. 29 dated 10/15/2019), it is proposed to add a coagulant to the contaminated liquid, which coarsens all pollutants into aggregates in the form of flakes, which are more effectively subjected to centrifugal forces and thin-layer settling. This device is accepted by us as a prototype. The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows.

The flow of the coagulant into the source contaminated water is carried out using an ejector and the amount of the incoming coagulant depends on the amount of liquid flowing through the pipe and the greater the flow rate of the liquid, the more coagulant is fed through the ejector. But such an ejection supply does not take into account the concentration of suspended solids in the initial purified water, which can vary depending on the conditions and characteristics of technological processes. This factor in the prototype is not taken into account.

Another drawback is that not all large particles of sludge thrown to the wall of the spiral housing will enter the sludge discharge pipe, and some will enter the zone of thin-layer settling, worsening its operation.

The technical solution is to improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a device containing a body in the form of a spiral diffuser channel with contaminated water supply pipes, purified water discharge pipes, sludge removal pipes, thin-layer inclined sedimentation plates with washing chutes, a coagulant supply device with a mixing chamber, the coagulant supply device is made in in the form of a belt conveyor with an adjustable counterweight and a damper control sensor and a conveyor drive, and the mixing chamber is a static mixer composed of a set of separate screw turbulators, while the spiral housing in the output part in front of the thin-layer plates contains a stabilization chamber, and the lower wall of the stabilization chamber has slope to the sludge outlet.

The proposed device is shown in figure 1 - a general view in cross section, figure 2 - coagulant supply device, figure 3 - static mixer with a set of helical turbulators, figure 4 - housing with a stabilization chamber.

Here:

1 - housing, 2 - mixing chamber, 3 - coagulant supply device, 4 - contaminated water supply pipe, 5 - washing liquid supply pipe, 6 - clean water outlet pipe, 7 - thin-layer plates, 8 - washing troughs, 9 - outlet pipe sludge, 10 - stabilization chamber, 11 - funnel, 12 - belt conveyor, 13 - hopper, 14 - coagulant, 15 - damper, 16 - lever scales, 17 - counterweight, 18 - sensor, 19 - screw elements of the mixer.

The centrifugal cleaning device is a housing 1 in the form of a spiral diffuser channel with a horizontal axis. In the upper narrow part of the body 1, a mixing chamber 2 is attached to it, in which screw elements 19 are located. A contaminated water supply pipe 4 is attached to the mixing chamber 2; above which the coagulant supply device 3 is located. The coagulant supply device 3 consists of a hopper 13 containing powdered coagulant 14. The hopper 13 has a gate 15 that can adjust the size of the hopper opening. Under the through hole of the hopper 13 there is a belt conveyor 12, which is driven by an external source (not shown).

The belt conveyor 12 is fixed on one of the arms of the balance scale 16. The other arm of the balance scale 16 has a counterweight 17, which can move along the arm having a calibration markup. The position of the balance scales 16 is controlled by the sensor 18, located under the arm of the scales 16 with the belt conveyor 12.

A funnel 11 is located on the contaminated water supply pipe 4 under the belt conveyor 12, in the coagulant pouring zone.

In the lower expanded part of the housing 1, there is a stabilization chamber 10, which has an asymmetric configuration and the lower wall of the chamber has an inclination to the sludge outlet 9.

The stabilization chamber 10 is adjoined by a thin-layer settling zone, consisting of thin-layer plates 7, having washing gutters 8 in the inlet part, into which the washing water is supplied through the branch pipe 5, and after the gutters 8 it is drained into a common sludge discharge pipe 9.

The proposed device works as follows. Before starting the treatment process, an analysis of wastewater is carried out. To be cleaned, the type, nature and concentration of polluting components (salts of iron, aluminum, magnesium, lime, etc.) and its required amount.

Based on the initial data obtained, the coagulant supply device 3 is adjusted by adjusting the lever scales 16. To do this, the counterweight 17 is installed in such a way on the graduated arm of the scales 16 in order to provide the necessary amount of coagulant 14 on the belt conveyor 12. In order to simplify the adjustment of the scales 16, you can use the the established calibration characteristic G _to =f (L _pr ), where G _to - the required weight of the coagulant, L _pr - the number of divisions on the graduated marking of the scales 16.

After setting up the device 3, they start the cleaning process and start supplying wastewater to the pipe 4 and turn on the drive (not shown) of the belt conveyor 12. The required amount of coagulant 14 is fed through the conveyor 12 into the wastewater through the funnel 11. Next, the water with the coagulant is supplied to mixing chamber 2, where, passing through the screw connections 19, it is actively turbulized and thoroughly mixed. Due to the action of the coagulant, the pollutant particles are coarsened into flakes and fall into the zone of action of centrifugal forces in the spiral diffuser channel of the housing 1 and are thrown to the wall. The thickened near-wall sludge enters the stabilization chamber 10, where, due to the inclined bottom, it slides into the pipe 9 and is removed from the device. In the stabilization chamber 10, the water flow rate is reduced due to diffuseness. From the stabilization chamber 10, water, purified from a significant part of the pollutants, enters the zone of thin-layer plates 7, where it is cleaned from the remaining pollutants. The particles settled on the plate 7 slide down into the washing troughs 8, from where they are washed off with washing water from the pipe 5 and discharged into the sludge outlet pipe 9. The water purified from pollutants from the pipe 6 is discharged to consumers.

Thus, using the proposed centrifugal treatment device, it is possible to significantly improve the quality of wastewater treatment.

Claims (3)

1. A device for centrifugal wastewater treatment, containing a housing in the form of a spiral diffuser channel, contaminated water supply pipes, purified water discharge pipes, sludge removal pipes, thin-layer inclined sedimentation plates with washing troughs, a coagulant supply device with a mixing chamber, characterized in that the supply device coagulant is made in the form of a belt conveyor with an adjustable counterweight and a damper control sensor and a conveyor drive, and the mixing chamber is a static mixer composed of a set of separate screw turbulators. 2. The device for centrifugal cleaning, characterized by p. 1 in that the spiral housing in the output part in front of the thin-layer plates contains a stabilization chamber. 3. Device for centrifugal cleaning, characterized by p. 2 in that the lower wall of the stabilization chamber has an inclination to the sludge outlet.

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