SE201960C1

SE201960C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE201960C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: P G NorbEA Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en anordning for utforande av andning med hjalp av en regenerativ varmevaxlare, som iir sammansatt av genomgaende kanaler bildande skikt och som via en rorledning eller s. k. kanyl Or anslutbar till andningssystemet. Anordningar av denna art anvandas speciellt vid operativa ingrepp under forbikoppling av den normala andningsvagen genom nasan, resp. munnen och svalget. Kanylen placeras harvid i ett i halsen upptaget snitt, varvid varmevaxlarens uppgift Or att hindra en olamplig avkylning, dO luften direkt indrages i strupen. I utandningsluften innehallen varme avldmRas salunda till varmevaxlaren for att sedan overga till inandningsluften. Samtidigt intraffar en kondensation av utandningsluften medfaljande fukt ph de av metall utforda skikten. Denna kondenserade fukt avdunstar anyo i den torrare inandningsluften och pa detta salt skall en uttorkning av andningsvagarna metverkas. Sistnamnda i och for sig betydelsefulla effekt forutsatter att fukthalten i den utandade luften Or sa hog, att daggpunkten uppnas i varmevaxlaren. Detta Or visserligen fallet i en del av vaxlarkroppen, men en annan del av densamma forblir dock inaktiv, vilket medfOr ett relativt stort tryckfall fOr att uppna visst utbyte. Dessutom ger metallskiktens hoga varmeledning i eget plan en dalig verkningsgrad och darmed ett daligt utbyte pa saval varme- som fuktsidan. Inventor: P G NorbEA The present invention relates to a device for performing breathing with the aid of a regenerative heat exchanger, which is composed of through-forming layers and which can be connected to the breathing system via a pipeline or so-called cannula. Devices of this kind are used especially in surgical procedures during bypassing the normal respiratory tract through the nose, resp. mouth and pharynx. The cannula is then placed in a section taken up in the throat, whereby the heat exchanger's task Or to prevent an inappropriate cooling, dO the air is drawn directly into the throat. The exhaled air contains heat which is then dissipated to the heat exchanger and then transferred to the inhaled air. At the same time, a condensation of the exhaled air with accompanying moisture occurs in the metal-challenging layers. This condensed moisture evaporates anyo in the drier inhaled air and on this salt a dehydration of the airways must be effected. The latter in itself significant effect presupposes that the moisture content in the exhaled air Or so high that the dew point is reached in the heat exchanger. This is admittedly the case in a part of the exchanger body, but another part of it remains inactive, which entails a relatively large pressure drop in order to achieve a certain yield. In addition, the high thermal conductivity of the metal layers in their own plane gives a poor efficiency and thus a poor yield on both the heat and moisture side.

Uppfinningen avser att eliminera dessa olagenheter och att salunda astadkomma en vaxlaranordning, som formai overfora den avgaende luftens temperatur och fuktinnehall till den ingaende under Mgt utbyte och med lagt luftmostand och som har lag vikt, sa att den sO litet som mojligt besvarar patienten. Ett annat andamal med uppfinningen at att astadkomma en anordning, som Or tillika enkel och billig i utforande, sa att den kan bortkastas, t. ex. darest dess kanaler fyllts av upphostningar, slem och dylikt. Detta ernas vasentligen darigenom att skikten aro utforda av pap-per och atminstone delvis belagda eller impregnerade med ett hygroskopiskt material Rr samtidig vaxling av temperatur och fuktighet mellan den utandade och inandade luften. Enligt en annan uppfinningen kanneteeknande egenskap Oro tvenne vaxlar-kroppar anslutbara till kanylen resp. en med denna forbunden del, sasom en hylsa och riktade at var sitt hall. Anordningen enligt uppfinningen kan anbringas nara intill halsen och hindrar dammed patientens rorelse sa litet som Om den ena vaxlarkroppen blir obrukbar eller icke fungerar, t. ex. genom att den igensattes eller blockeras av sangkladerna, shsom ett lakan eller dylikt, Or den andra vaxlarkroppen intakt resp. i stand att taga hand om andningsluften. The invention is intended to eliminate these nuisances and thus to provide a changer device which is capable of transmitting the temperature and moisture content of the exhaust air to the inlet during high exchange and with added air condition and which has low weight, so that it responds as little as possible to the patient. Another object of the invention is to provide a device which is also simple and inexpensive in design, so that it can be discarded, e.g. darest its channels filled with coughs, mucus and the like. This is essentially due to the fact that the layers are challenged by paper and at least partially coated or impregnated with a hygroscopic material Rr simultaneously changing temperature and humidity between the exhaled and inhaled air. According to another invention, the characteristic feature of two gear bodies connectable to the cannula resp. one with this connected part, such as a sleeve and directed at each hall. The device according to the invention can be placed close to the neck and thus prevents the patient's movement as little as if one of the wobble bodies becomes unusable or does not work, e.g. by being clogged or blocked by the song clothes, shsom a sheet or the like, Or the other changer body intact resp. able to take care of the breathing air.

Uppfinningen skall nedan narmare beskrivas under hanvisning till 0 bifogade ritning sasom exempel visade utforingsform, varvid Oven andra uppfinningen kannetecknande egenskaper skola angivas. I fig. 1 visas i perspektiv en anordning i anvandningslage. I fig. 2 visas anordningens enskilda delar i avsevart stOrre skala och fOrda isar for vinnande av tydlighet. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing as an exemplary embodiment, in which case the above-mentioned characteristics of the invention may be stated. Fig. 1 shows in perspective a device in the mode of use. Fig. 2 shows the individual parts of the device on a considerably larger scale and provides ice for gaining clarity.

A ritningen betecknar 10 en kanyl, som Or 2 av kant utfOrande och som är avsedd att inforas i luftstrupen genom en i halsen upptagen oppning, i vilket lage den fasthalles medelst ett runt halsen anbragt band eller dyl., vars andar fastas i hal 12 i en bricka 14, vid vilken sitter en studs 16. Denna har ett centralt hM 18, som passar till ett rorstycke 20, som är fast forbundet med en i hada andar oppen hylsa 22. In the drawing, 10 denotes a cannula, which is 2 of edge design and which is intended to be inserted into the trachea through an opening received in the throat, in which layer it is held by means of a band or the like arranged around the neck, the spirits of which are fastened in hall 12 in a washer 14, at which sits a bounce 16. This has a central hM 18, which fits into a pipe piece 20, which is fixedly connected to a sleeve 22 open in hot spirits.

Anordningen är foretradesvis utrustad med tva vaxlarkroppar 24, 26, utformade att axiellt kunna anslutas till hylsan 22 pa var sida om denna. Vaxlarkroppen är utford av papper av cellulosa- eler asbesffiber och eventuellt impregnerad med ett amne, som akar papperets vathallfasthet. Pappersskikten kunna sammansattas till band av s. k. enkelwell, som spiralformigt lindas till en cylinder av den onskade diametern. Med enkelwell forstas liarvid, att ett slatt och ett korrugerat skikt aro forenade med varandra till en sammansatt ban.a, som sedan lindas till spiralformen. For att uppnà hog effekt i fraga om varme- och fuktOverforing skall korrugeringshoj den vara liten, f8retradesyis sa att avstandet mellan tvâ plana lindningsvarv ãr mindre an 3 mm, t. ex. 0,75 mm. Vaxlarkroppen blir pa detta satt uppfylld av tranga i bada andar oppna kanaler. Papperet air vidare impregnerat med en hygroskopisk substans, t. ex. ett vattennisligt salt, sasom litiumklorid. The device is preferably equipped with two exchanger bodies 24, 26, designed to be axially connected to the sleeve 22 on each side thereof. The exchanger body is challenged with cellulose or asbestos fiber paper and possibly impregnated with a substance which increases the paper's water resistance. The paper layers can be assembled into strips of so-called single wave, which are helically wound into a cylinder of the desired diameter. By simple well is meant that a smooth and a corrugated layer are joined together to form a composite web, which is then wound into the helical shape. In order to achieve a high power in the matter of heat and moisture transfer, the corrugation height must be small, so that the distance between two planar winding turns is less than 3 mm, e.g. 0.75 mm. The exchanger body is in this way filled with narrow channels open in both spirits. The paper air is further impregnated with a hygroscopic substance, e.g. a water-soluble salt, such as lithium chloride.

De bada vaxlarkropparna 24, 26 aro inb8rdes forenade med band 28 av gummi eller annat elastiskt material. Banden kunna vara forenade med vaxlarkropparna medelst nklar eller stift 30, som samtidigt kunna hava till uppgift att halla samman den lindade vaxlarkroppens enskilda vary. Det är lampligt att gOra aystandet mellan de diametralt anordnade banden 28 stOrre an hylsans 22 ytterdiameter. Detta kan astadkommas genom att linda vaxlarkropparna till storre ytterdiameter an hylsans 22 ytterdiameter, varvid de sista lindningsvarven fa bilda avsatsen 32, som svarar mot avsatsen 34 vid hylsans andar. De bada vaxlarkropparna 24, 26 anbringas pa var sida av hylsan 22 genom att stracka de elastiska banden 28. Dessa ga fritt utanpa hylsan 22 och sedan kropparnas andar anslutits till hylsans andar, tjanstgra banden for att lasa kroppama i lag. The two exchanger bodies 24, 26 are fitted together with bands 28 of rubber or other elastic material. The straps may be joined to the exchanger bodies by means of keys or pins 30, which at the same time may have the task of holding together the individual varies of the wounded exchanger body. It is suitable to make the distance between the diametrically arranged strips 28 larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve 22. This can be achieved by winding the exchanger bodies to a larger outer diameter than the outer diameter of the sleeve 22, the last winding turns forming the ledge 32, which corresponds to the ledge 34 at the spirits of the sleeve. The two exchanger bodies 24, 26 are applied to each side of the sleeve 22 by stretching the elastic bands 28. These go freely outside the sleeve 22 and after the spirits of the bodies are connected to the spirits of the sleeve, serve the bands to load the bodies in layers.

Vaxlarkroppama 24, 26 kunna monteras pa hylsan 22, under det att denna sitter pa den I patienten inforda kanylen 10 utan att praktiskt taget behova rubba hylsan, varfOr ett byte icke fororsakar nagot obehag. Vaxlarkropparna aro latta och intaga ett lage, dar de aro minst i vagen, genom att anbringa en vaxlarkropp pa var sida om den centrala hylsan 22. Harigenom vinnes 13.8g grad av saker- het for att en storande igensattning genom upphostningar eller dylikt eller genom yttre ftiremal undvikes. The exchanger bodies 24, 26 can be mounted on the sleeve 22, while this is located on the cannula 10 inserted into the patient without having to practically disturb the sleeve, for which reason a replacement does not cause any discomfort. The exchanger bodies are light and occupy a layer, where they are least in the way, by placing a exchanger body on each side of the central sleeve 22. This gives a gain of 13.8g degree of accuracy for an interfering clogging by coughing or the like or by external ftiremal avoided.

Vid utandningen avlananar luften varme till vaxlarkropparna och samtidigt absorberas fukt. Denna varme och fukt over& sedan till den kallare och torrare inandningsluften, vars stromningsriktning är direkt motsatt utandningsluften. During exhalation, the air dissipates heat to the exchanger bodies and at the same time moisture is absorbed. This heat and moisture over & then to the colder and drier inhaled air, whose flow direction is directly opposite the exhaled air.

En fordel med den beskrivna fjadrande anslutningen av vaxlarkropparna ar att dessa jute är stelt forbundna med centrumdelen, respektive kanylen. Om bararen av vaxlaren exempelvis under somnen skulle rikta vaxlaren mot yttre foremal, sa att stora krafter skulle kunna overforas till kanylen, kan fjadringen medfOra att kroppama bojer undan, sa att ett minimum av averkan pa oppningen i strupen astadkommes. An advantage of the described resilient connection of the exchanger bodies is that these jutes are rigidly connected to the center part and the cannula, respectively. If, for example, during the sleep, the wearer of the changer directs the changer towards external objects, so that large forces could be transmitted to the cannula, the suspension can cause the bodies to bend away, so that a minimum of impact on the opening in the throat is achieved.

Eftersom utandningsluftens relativa fukthalt är storst, da den traffar det narmast hylsan 22 belagna partiet av de resp. vaxlarkropparna, kunna dessa liar hava den minsta halten ay hygroskopisk substans och eventnellt sakna dylikt. Daremot ãr det viktigt, att de yttre delarna av vaxlarkroppen, som sist passeras av utandningsluften och forst av inandningsluften hava starkare hygroskopiska egenskaper. Since the relative moisture content of the exhaled air is greatest, when it hits the portion of the resp. the exchanger bodies, these liar may have the minimum content of hygroscopic substance and possibly lack such. On the other hand, it is important that the outer parts of the exchanger body, which is last passed by the exhaled air and first by the inhaled air, have stronger hygroscopic properties.

Uppfinningen är givetvis icke begransad till den visade utforingsformen utan kan varieras i flera avseenden inom ramen av den till grund for densamma liggande idea. Salunda kunna banden 28 ersattas av specialfjadrar. The invention is of course not limited to the embodiment shown, but can be varied in several respects within the framework of the idea underlying it. Thus, the straps 28 can be replaced by special springs.

Claims

Patent claim

Device for performing breathing with the aid of a regenerative heat exchanger, which consists of layers with continuous channels and which can be connected to the breathing system via a cannula, characterized in that the layers are challenged by paper and at least partially coated or impregnated with a hygroscopic material for simultaneous exchange of temperature and humidity between the exhaled and inhaled air.

Device according to patent claim 1, characterized by two exchanger bodies, which are connected to the cannula resp. one with this connected part, like a sleeve, and directed at each its hall.

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the bath exchanger bodies are inboard connected to resilient or elastic elements which also serve for the retention of the bodies in the coaxial layers on each side of a center part, such as a sleeve. 3

4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hygroscopic substance has its greatest concentration at the side of the whale body which is last passed by the exhaled air. Request publications: