SE512352C2 - Methods and apparatus for dehumidifying moisture - Google Patents
Methods and apparatus for dehumidifying moistureInfo
- Publication number
- SE512352C2 SE512352C2 SE9802811A SE9802811A SE512352C2 SE 512352 C2 SE512352 C2 SE 512352C2 SE 9802811 A SE9802811 A SE 9802811A SE 9802811 A SE9802811 A SE 9802811A SE 512352 C2 SE512352 C2 SE 512352C2
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- insulating layer
- cooling surface
- air
- cage
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
- F24F2003/1435—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification comprising semi-permeable membrane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
512 352 Z Figur 6 visar i sektion en andra anordning . 512 352 Z Figure 6 shows in section a second device.
I referens till figurer 1-3 betecknas med 1 en strömmande blandning av luft och ånga 1 1 med torr temp. = T1 och våt temp. = T2, som avfuktas genom daggutfällning mot en kylyta 2 med en yttemperatur T4, som är väsentligt lägre än T1/T2. Kylytan kyls i sin tur av ett kylmedium 21 , som kan vara luft, vatten eller köldmediet i en kylmaskin.Med uppfinningen avgränsas blandningen 1 mot kylytan 2 av ett värmeisolerande, semipermeabelt isolerskikt 3 och en mellan isolerskiktet och kylytan innesluten ång/luftmassa 4 av väsentligt lägre ångtryck P2 och temperatur T3 än motsvarande ångtryck P1 och temperaturer T1/T2 i blandningen 1.In reference to Figures 1-3, 1 denotes a flowing mixture of air and steam 1 1 with dry temp. = T1 and wet temp. = T2, which is dehumidified by dew precipitation against a cooling surface 2 with a surface temperature T4, which is significantly lower than T1 / T2. The cooling surface is in turn cooled by a cooling medium 21, which may be air, water or the refrigerant in a cooling machine. lower vapor pressure P2 and temperature T3 than the corresponding vapor pressure P1 and temperatures T1 / T2 in mixture 1.
Typiska temperatur- och ångtrycksgradienter genom isolerskikt och kylyta illustreras i figurer 2 och 3. Gradienterna och ett ångflöde 11 över skikten bestäms av parametrar såsom temperaturer, ångtryck och tillflöde av blandningen 1, av temperatur TS i kylmediet 21 , av yta på kylytan 2 och av diffusionsmotstånd och värmeisoleringsförmåga i isolerskiktet 3. En ytterst hög energiverkningsgrad i en separation av ånga ur blandningen 1 erhålles genom att det latenta värmet i ångflödet 11 diffunderande genom isolerskiktet 3 är mycket stort relativt den sensibla värmeförlusten i blandningen via värmeledning i isolerskiktet. lett i praktiken utfört test erhålles följande samband. Blandningen 1 har torr temp. Tl= +60° och våt temp.T2= +40° och RH = 32% och är representativ vid torkning av spannmål och sluttorkning av virke.Isolerskiktet omfattar 50 mm mineralull med täckskikt av fiberväv å ömse sidor. Kylytan är dubbelt ytförstorad relativt isolerskiktet och kyld av ytterluft med T5= +5°.Med blandningen strömmande över isolerskiktet uppnås en kontinuitet i temperatur- och ångtrycksgradienterna, varvid torr och våt temperatur T 3 i ång/luftmassan 4 inställer sig på +26°. Ångflöde är 1,0 kg/ h, m2 isolerskikt drivet av en ångtrycksskillnad P1- P2 = 25 mbar.Typical temperature and vapor pressure gradients through insulating layers and cooling surface are illustrated in Figures 2 and 3. The gradients and a vapor 11 fate 11 over the layers are determined by parameters such as temperatures, vapor pressure and flow of the mixture 1, of temperature TS in the refrigerant 21, of surface of the cooling surface 2 and of diffusion resistance and thermal insulation capacity in the insulating layer 3. An extremely high energy efficiency in a separation of steam from the mixture 1 is obtained in that the latent heat in the vapor 11 diffusing through the insulating layer 3 is very large relative to the sensitive heat loss in the mixture via heat conduction in the insulating layer. led in practice performed test, the following connection is obtained. Mixture 1 has a dry temp. Tl = + 60 ° and wet temp.T2 = + 40 ° and RH = 32% and is representative when drying grain and final drying of wood. The insulating layer comprises 50 mm mineral wool with a cover layer of fibrous fabric on both sides. The cooling surface is twice enlarged relative to the insulating layer and cooled by external air with T5 = + 5 °. With the mixture flowing over the insulating layer, a continuity in the temperature and vapor pressure gradients is achieved, whereby dry and wet temperature T 3 in the steam / air mass 4 sets at + 26 °. Steam flow is 1.0 kg / h, m2 insulating layer driven by a steam pressure difference P1- P2 = 25 mbar.
Latenta värmet i ångflödet per m2 isoleryta = 595 kcal/ h Sensibla värmeförlusten i blandningenl per m2 isoleryta= k(T1-T3) = 0,8x34 = 27 kcal/h = "transportförlusten" i ångseparationen. Processens verkningsgrad = 595/ 595+27 = 0.98 Motsvarande verkningsgrad vid ett konventionellt utbyte av blandning 1 mot ytterluft framgår av följande: Blandningen +60° RH=32% ånginnehåll 41,5 g/ m3 Yrter1uft+s° RH =so% ànginnehàii sts g/ m3 utbyte 36- g/ m3 q l 512 352 3 Transport av 1,0 kg ånga tar 1000/36 = 28 m3 utbytesluft, som skall värmas från TS till Tl. "Transportförlusten" uppgår till =0,3x28x(60-S) = 460 kcal/ kg ånga och verkningsgraden blir S95/ 59S+460 = 0,56.Latent heat in steam fl fate per m2 insulating surface = 595 kcal / h Sensitive heat loss in the mixturel per m2 insulating surface = k (T1-T3) = 0.8x34 = 27 kcal / h = "transport loss" in the steam separation. Process efficiency = 595/595 + 27 = 0.98 The corresponding efficiency in a conventional exchange of mixture 1 with external air is shown in the following: The mixture + 60 ° RH = 32% steam content 41.5 g / m3 Yter1 air + s ° RH = so% steam content sts g / m3 yield 36- g / m3 ql 512 352 3 Transport of 1.0 kg of steam takes 1000/36 = 28 m3 exchange air, which must be heated from TS to Tl. The "transport loss" amounts to = 0.3x28x (60-S) = 460 kcal / kg steam and the efficiency is S95 / 59S + 460 = 0.56.
En konventionell kondensationsprocess med nedkylning av blandningen under ångmättnadspunkten och påföljande återvärmning resulterar i väsentligen likartad verkningsgrad.A conventional condensation process with cooling of the mixture below the steam saturation point and subsequent reheating results in substantially similar efficiency.
Som framgår av ovanstående exempel erhålles en radikalt minskad transportförlust i jämförelse med konventionell teknik och en verkningsgrad i ångseparationen , som ligger mycket nära den optimalt möjliga.As can be seen from the above examples, a radically reduced transport loss is obtained in comparison with conventional technology and an efficiency in the steam separation, which is very close to the optimum possible.
Ett lämpligt utförande av isolerskiktet 3 är mineralull avtäckt å ömse sidor av perforerat duk- eller skivmaterial. Med isolertjocklek, kompressionsgrad i mineralullen och med perforeringsgrad i täckskikten kan diffusionsmotstånd resp. värmeisoleringsförmåga varieras inom vida gränser och optimeras för skilda applikationer av uppfinningen.A suitable embodiment of the insulating layer 3 is mineral wool covered on both sides of perforated fabric or sheet material. With insulation thickness, degree of compression in the mineral wool and with degree of perforation in the cover layers, diffusion resistance resp. thermal insulation capacity is varied within wide limits and optimized for different applications of the invention.
Det har befunnits lämpligt, speciellt vid luftkylning av kylytan 2, att ytförstora denna relativt isolerskiktet 3 ien storleksordning 2 till 3 gånger.Härmed sjunker yttemp. T4 och temp. T3 och ångtryck P2 i luftmassan 4 och ökar drivkraften P1-P2 för ångdiffusion genom isolerskiktet.It has been found suitable, especially when air-cooling the cooling surface 2, to enlarge this surface relative to the insulating layer 3 by an order of magnitude 2 to 3 times. T4 and temp. T3 and vapor pressure P2 in the air mass 4 and increases the driving force P1-P2 for vapor diffusion through the insulating layer.
Det av kylmediet 21 upptagna värmet åternyttjas ex.vis för lokalvärme eller till forcerad kallufttorkning av ett torkgods. Kylytan 2 arrangeras lämpligt vertikal eller lutande så att utfällt kondensat ej överförs till isolerskiktet utan följer ytan nedåt till en undre , dränerad kondensatskål 6.The heat absorbed by the coolant 21 is reused, for example, for local heating or for forced cold air drying of a drying product. The cooling surface 2 is suitably arranged vertically or inclined so that precipitated condensate is not transferred to the insulating layer but follows the surface downwards to a lower, drained condensate bowl 6.
I referens till figurer 4 och 5 beskrives nedan en första anordning för luftavfuktning enligt sättet. En av luft 21 kyld kylyta 2 är utformad enligt mitt sv. patent 9202247-4 som ett utspänt foliehölje i form av en vertikalt utsträckt folieslang 22 med sin undre ända hopsnörd kring en med en kondensatskål 6 försedd rörstos S. Inom foliehöljet är anordnad en bur 7 beklädd med nämnt isolerskikt 3. Buren genomströmmas av luft/ångblandning 1 tillförd via rörstosen och avledd via en slang 8, som kan dragas via rörstosen eller alternativt via folieslangens övre ända.Mellan bur och kylyta innehålles nämnd luft/ångmassa 4. Kylytan 2 är i anordningen väsentligt ytförstorad relativt isolerskiktet 3. På ovan beskrivet sätt diffunderar ånga 11 ur blandning en 1, genom isolerskiktet 3 och via luftmassan 4 till utfällning på foliehöljets insida för att vidare uppsamlas i kondensatskålen 6 och avledas. Ångseparationen sker med försumbar värmeförlust i blandningen. 512 352 4- l referens till figur 5 utformas anordningen som en till storlek och prestanda standardiserad kolonn, som till valfritt antal parallellkopplas via luftkanaler 12,13 till ex.vis en torkkammare 9. En blandning 1 drives från torkkammaren genom kolonnerna , avfuktas och returneras via kanal 13 tillbaks till torkkammaren. Kolonnerna placeras i plan tämligen tätt och i sicksack, formande en effektiv tubvärmeväxlare för god värmeväxling mot ett flöde av ytterluft 21. Flödet drives vidare till en forcerad kallufttorkning av ett torkgods 10.In reference to Figures 4 and 5, a first device for air dehumidification according to the method is described below. A cooling surface 2 cooled by air 21 is designed according to my sv. patent 9202247-4 as a stretched foil casing in the form of a vertically extended foil hose 22 with its lower end constricted around a pipe socket S provided with a condensate bowl 6. A cage 7 lined with said insulating layer 3 is arranged. The cage is flowed through by air / steam mixture 1 supplied via the pipe socket and diverted via a hose 8, which can be pulled via the pipe socket or alternatively via the upper end of the foil hose. Between cage and cooling surface is contained mentioned air / vapor 4. The cooling surface 2 is substantially surface enlarged relative to the insulating layer 3. In the manner described above steam 11 from mixture 1, through the insulating layer 3 and via the air mass 4 to precipitate on the inside of the foil casing to be further collected in the condensate bowl 6 and diverted. The steam separation takes place with negligible heat loss in the mixture. 512 352 4- In reference to Figure 5, the device is designed as a column standardized for size and performance, which in any number is connected in parallel via air ducts 12, 13 to, for example, a drying chamber 9. A mixture 1 is driven from the drying chamber through the columns, dehumidified and returned via channel 13 back to the drying chamber. The columns are placed in a plane rather tightly and in a zigzag, forming an efficient tube heat exchanger for good heat exchange against a flow of external air 21. The flow is driven further to a forced cold air drying of a drying material 10.
En praktiskt lämplig kolonnstorlek kan exempelvis dimensioneras sålunda. Yta av bur och isolerskikt ca 10 m2, kylyta ca 20 m2 i form av en folieslang 22 av diameter 1,3 m och höjd 5 m, utspänd av ett inre övertryck via strypning i returkanaler 8 och 13, hopsnörd i sin övre ända och snörd med sin nedre ända kring rörstosen 5. Med en vättemperatur T2 =+4()° i blandningen 1, lämpad för en relativt långsam torkning av lövträ, blir kolonnens avfuktningskapacitet enligt ovan ca 10 kg/ h, vilket svarar mot upptorkning av ca 10 m3 lövträ. Barrträ torkas vid högre vättemperatur TZ och ångtryck P1, vilket ökar ångflödet i kolonnen och korresponderar med en snabbare upptorkning av samma volym (10 m3) barrträ. Med nämnd dimensionering avfuktas en torkkammare 9 med ex.vis 80 m3 löv- eller barrvirke med 8 kolonner, som illustreras i figur S . För en virkestork med konventionell ängtransport genom luftbyte med ytterluft ersättes denna transport med anordningen med till virkesvolymen anpassat kolonnantal.A practically suitable column size can, for example, be dimensioned thus. Surface of cage and insulating layer approx. 10 m2, cooling surface approx. 20 m2 in the form of a foil hose 22 of diameter 1.3 m and height 5 m, stretched by an internal overpressure via throttling in return channels 8 and 13, jointed at its upper end and laced with its lower end around the pipe socket 5. With a wet temperature T2 = + 4 () ° in the mixture 1, suitable for a relatively slow drying of hardwood, the dehumidification capacity of the column as above will be about 10 kg / h, which corresponds to drying of about 10 m3 hardwood. Coniferous wood is dried at higher water temperature TZ and steam pressure P1, which increases the steam fl fate in the column and corresponds to a faster drying of the same volume (10 m3) of softwood. With the mentioned dimensioning, a drying chamber 9 is dehumidified with, for example, 80 m3 of hardwood or softwood with 8 columns, which is illustrated in Figure S. For a timber dryer with conventional meadow transport by air exchange with external air, this transport is replaced by the device with a number of columns adapted to the timber volume.
Resultatet blir dels en radikalt sänkt energiförbrukning , som därtill àterbrukas t ett andra torksteg 10.The result is a radically reduced energy consumption, which is also recycled in a second drying step 10.
I referens till figur 6 beskrives vidare en andra anordning för luftavfuktning enligt sättet. En kylyta 2 i form av förängarbatteriet 23 i en kylmaskin är omsluten av en bur 7, som är beklädd med sagt isolerskikt 3. Bur och kylyta är åtskilda av nämnd äng/luftmassa 4. En luft/ångblandning 1 drives utmed burens ytteryta, varvid ånga 1 1 på beskrivet sätt diffunderar genom isolerskiktet till ång/luftmassan 4 och vidare till daggutfällning på kylytan 23. Efter passage av buren 7 drives den torkade blandningen 1 över kylmaskinens kondensor.In reference to Figure 6, a second device for air dehumidification according to the method is further described. A cooling surface 2 in the form of the evaporator battery 23 in a cooling machine is enclosed by a cage 7, which is lined with said insulating layer 3. The cage and cooling surface are separated by said meadow / air mass 4. An air / steam mixture 1 is driven along the outer surface of the cage, steam 1 1 diffuses through the insulating layer to the steam / air mass 4 and further to dew precipitation on the cooling surface 23. After passing the cage 7, the dried mixture 1 is driven over the condenser of the cooling machine.
Anordningen är väl lämpad att hälla torrt i svala, fuktbelastade lokaler.The device is well suited for pouring dry in cool, moisture-laden rooms.
Kylmaskinen behöver endast dimensioneras för ångbildningsvärmet i utfällt vatten, ej för ett transportarbete i att kyla och átervärma luft.The cooling machine only needs to be dimensioned for the steam generating heat in precipitated water, not for a transport work in cooling and reheating air.
Andra anordningar för luftavfuktning enligt sättet än som ovan beskrivits kan förekomma inom uppfinningens ram.Devices for air dehumidification according to the method other than those described above may be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9802811A SE512352C2 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1998-08-24 | Methods and apparatus for dehumidifying moisture |
| PCT/SE1999/001425 WO2000010672A1 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-08-23 | A method of air drying |
| AU56668/99A AU5666899A (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-08-23 | A method of air drying |
| EP99943604A EP1131145A1 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1999-08-23 | A method of air drying |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9802811A SE512352C2 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1998-08-24 | Methods and apparatus for dehumidifying moisture |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE9802811D0 SE9802811D0 (en) | 1998-08-24 |
| SE9802811L SE9802811L (en) | 2000-02-25 |
| SE512352C2 true SE512352C2 (en) | 2000-03-06 |
Family
ID=20412323
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9802811A SE512352C2 (en) | 1998-08-24 | 1998-08-24 | Methods and apparatus for dehumidifying moisture |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1131145A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5666899A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE512352C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000010672A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB197341A (en) * | 1922-05-08 | 1924-02-14 | Gaston De Bethune | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for condensing distilled vapours |
| US2854785A (en) * | 1954-03-19 | 1958-10-07 | Ironrite Inc | Cabinet stabilizer |
| US4185466A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1980-01-29 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Partial pressure condensation pump |
| SE500368C2 (en) * | 1992-07-28 | 1994-06-13 | Sten Zeilon | Drying plant - involves steam from dried material absorbed in gas mix. of carrier gas and steam |
-
1998
- 1998-08-24 SE SE9802811A patent/SE512352C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-08-23 EP EP99943604A patent/EP1131145A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-08-23 AU AU56668/99A patent/AU5666899A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-23 WO PCT/SE1999/001425 patent/WO2000010672A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE9802811L (en) | 2000-02-25 |
| WO2000010672A1 (en) | 2000-03-02 |
| EP1131145A1 (en) | 2001-09-12 |
| SE9802811D0 (en) | 1998-08-24 |
| AU5666899A (en) | 2000-03-14 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| NUG | Patent has lapsed |