SE514450C2 - Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith - Google Patents

Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith

Info

Publication number
SE514450C2
SE514450C2 SE9500347A SE9500347A SE514450C2 SE 514450 C2 SE514450 C2 SE 514450C2 SE 9500347 A SE9500347 A SE 9500347A SE 9500347 A SE9500347 A SE 9500347A SE 514450 C2 SE514450 C2 SE 514450C2
Authority
SE
Sweden
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
oxygen
volume
gas
cutting
Prior art date
Application number
SE9500347A
Other languages
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
SE9500347L (en
SE9500347D0 (en
Inventor
Mark Faerber
Original Assignee
Aga Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aga Ab filed Critical Aga Ab
Priority to SE9500347A priority Critical patent/SE514450C2/en
Publication of SE9500347D0 publication Critical patent/SE9500347D0/en
Priority to EP96902543A priority patent/EP0871559A1/en
Priority to PCT/SE1996/000101 priority patent/WO1996023624A1/en
Priority to CZ972441A priority patent/CZ244197A3/en
Publication of SE9500347L publication Critical patent/SE9500347L/en
Publication of SE514450C2 publication Critical patent/SE514450C2/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
    • B23K26/125—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special environment or atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases of mixed gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/228—Selection of materials for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
    • B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic materials other than metals or composite materials

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

A method of laser-beam cutting stainless steel, other high-alloy steel materials, and aluminium or aluminium alloys while using nitrogen as a cutting gas. According to the method, there is used nitrogen which contains oxygen in a small amount corresponding to 0.1-10 volume-%. The oxygen content is preferably 0.5-5.0 volume-%. The invention also relates to a gas composition for use when carrying out the method.

Description

514 450 medan skärgasens uppgift i första hand är att blåsa bort smält material och skydda laseroptiken. Denna teknik är av speciellt intresse vid skärning av rostfritt stål och andra höglegerade stålmaterial samt aluminium och aluminiumle- geringar. Vid utnyttjande av nitrogen, N2, som skärgas kan man därvid uppnå helt_oxidfria snittytor. Skärhastigheten blir lägre än vid utnyttjande av oxygen men detta kan uppvägas av erhållandet av snitt med hög kvalitet, bl.a. gradfria snitt. 514 450 while the task of the cutting gas is primarily to blow away molten material and protect the laser optics. This technology is of particular interest in the cutting of stainless steel and other high-alloy steel materials as well as aluminum and aluminum alloys. When using nitrogen, N2, which is cut, it is possible to achieve completely oxide-free cut surfaces. The cutting speed will be lower than when utilizing oxygen, but this can be offset by obtaining high-quality cuts, e.g. graduated sections.

Ett ändamål med föreliggande uppfinning är att åstadkomma ett sätt vid laserskärning med utnyttjande av en inert nitrogen/oxygenblandning som skärgas, vilket förhättrar skärhastigheten och minskar gasförbrukningen{ V Ett annat ändamål är att åstadkomma en för användning vid genomförande av sättet lämpad gaskomposition för skärgasen.An object of the present invention is to provide a method of laser cutting using an inert nitrogen / oxygen mixture as cutting gas, which increases the cutting speed and reduces the gas consumption {V Another object is to provide a gas composition suitable for use in carrying out the method for the cutting gas.

Till grund för uppfinningen ligger insikten om att man för vissa tillämpningar kan acceptera en viss oxidation av snittytan, vilken eventuellt kan avlägsnas i ett efterfö- ljande mekaniskt eller kemiskt bearbetningssteg, om detta medger ökad skärhastighet och ett gradfritt snitt samt sänkt gastryck, vilket ger lägre flöde och därmed reducerad gasförhrukning.The invention is based on the insight that for certain applications a certain oxidation of the cut surface can be accepted, which can possibly be removed in a subsequent mechanical or chemical processing step, if this allows increased cutting speed and a gradual cut as well as reduced gas pressure, which gives lower flow and thus reduced gas consumption.

Det speciellt karakteristiska för det i första stycket angivna sättet vid laserskärning är därvid enligt före- liggande uppfinning att man som skärgas utnyttjar nitrogen innehållande en liten mängd, 0,1-10 volym-%, oxygen. Före- trädesvis uppgår oxygenhalten till 0,5-5 volym-%. ~ Medelst detta sätt uppnår man alltjämt gradfria snitt, varvid dock skärhastigheten kan ökas jämfört med då väsent- ligen ren nitrogen utnyttjas. Detta har sin grund i att den ingående mängden oxygen är tillräcklig för åstadkommande av 314 450 en exotermisk oxidationsreaktion med grundmaterialet, som höjer temperaturen och effektiviserar skärprocessen. Gas- trycket kan därvid sänkas, vilket medför reducerad gasför- brukning med åtföljande kostnadsbesparning. Eftersom gas- ' förbrukningen vid skärning är mycket stor kan en sänkning av denna medföra en väsentlig kostnadsreduktion.According to the present invention, the particularly characteristic of the method specified in the first paragraph is laser cutting using nitrogen containing a small amount, 0.1-10% by volume, of oxygen. Preferably, the oxygen content amounts to 0.5-5% by volume. ~ By means of this method, degree-free cuts are still achieved, whereby, however, the cutting speed can be increased compared with when substantially pure nitrogen is utilized. This is due to the fact that the amount of oxygen contained is sufficient to produce an exothermic oxidation reaction with the base material, which raises the temperature and streamlines the cutting process. The gas pressure can then be reduced, which leads to reduced gas consumption with accompanying cost savings. Since the gas consumption during cutting is very large, a reduction of this can lead to a significant cost reduction.

Då uppfinningen utnyttjar av oxygen förorenad nitrogen kan ett speciellt fördelaktigt och kostnadseffektivt utförande uppnås genom att producera nitrogenet på plats ur den omgivande luften med utnyttjande av i och för sig känd filtreringsteknik t.ex. membranteknik eller PSA. Renhets- graden för det alstrade nitrogenet bestäms därvid så att för skärningsoperationen erforderlig mängd oxygen kvarstår i den producerade gasen såsom en förorening. Härvid undvi- kes all transport och förvaring av två gaser och erforder- lig blandning av dessa.When the invention utilizes oxygen-contaminated nitrogen, a particularly advantageous and cost-effective embodiment can be achieved by producing the nitrogen on site from the ambient air using filtration techniques known per se, e.g. membrane technology or PSA. The degree of purity of the generated nitrogen is then determined so that the amount of oxygen required for the cutting operation remains in the produced gas as an impurity. This avoids all transport and storage of two gases and the necessary mixing of these.

Om så krävs för vissa tillämpningar, för att förbättra korrosionsegenskaperna och svetsbarheten, kan bildad oxid på snittytorna avlägsnas i ett efter skärmomentet följande mekaniskt eller kemiskt bearbetningssteg. Vid kemisk be- arbetning kan eventuell oxid avlägsnas genom etsning med utnyttjande av kända medel.If required for certain applications, in order to improve the corrosion properties and weldability, the oxide formed on the cut surfaces can be removed in a mechanical or chemical processing step following the screen step. In the case of chemical processing, any oxide can be removed by etching using known means.

Uppfinningen avser även en gaskomposition för användning vid laserskärning av rostfritt stål, andra höglegerade stålmaterial, aluminium eller aluminiumlegeringar med utnyttjande av nitrogen som skärgas. Gaskompositionen innefattar nitrogen med ett litet innehåll 011-10 volym-%, oxygen. Företrädesvis uppgår oxygenhalten till 0,5-5 volym-%.The invention also relates to a gas composition for use in laser cutting of stainless steel, other high-alloy steel materials, aluminum or aluminum alloys using nitrogen as the cutting gas. The gas composition comprises nitrogen with a small content 011-10% by volume, oxygen. Preferably, the oxygen content amounts to 0.5-5% by volume.

En sådan gaskomposition kan med fördel uppnås genom ut- filtrering av nitrogen ur luften, varvid den önskade mäng- den oxygen föreligger i form av en ej avlägsnad förorening 514 450 i kvävgasen.Such a gas composition can advantageously be obtained by filtering out nitrogen from the air, the desired amount of oxygen being present in the form of an uncontaminated impurity in the nitrogen gas.

Utnyttjandet av en gaskomposition av detta slag ger en för de flesta tillämpningar acceptabel snittkvalitet, varvid gastrycket och därmed gasförbrukningen kan sänkas och skärhastigheten ökas jämfört med skärning med ren nitrogen.The use of a gas composition of this kind provides an average cut quality for most applications, whereby the gas pressure and thus the gas consumption can be reduced and the cutting speed increased compared to cutting with pure nitrogen.

Givetvis kan även nitrogenet och oxygenet transporteras till arbetsplatsen separat för blandning i samband med arbetsoperationen eller levereras i förblandat tillstånd.Of course, the nitrogen and oxygen can also be transported to the workplace separately for mixing in connection with the work operation or delivered in a premixed state.

Claims (5)

._ , _ ._ ' f _ , . LU ,- v <. t l , , = . . « 51 q _ _ h u << u PATENTKRÄV._, _ ._ 'f _,. LU, - v <. t l,, =. . «51 q _ _ h u << u PATENT REQUIREMENTS 1. Sätt vid laserskärning av rostfritt stål, andra hög- legerade stålmaterial, aluminium eller aluminiumlegeringar med utnyttjande av nitrogen som skärgas, k ä n n e - t e c k n a t a v att man utnyttjar nitrogen innehållande en liten mängd, 0,1-10 volym-%, oxygen.1. For laser cutting of stainless steel, other high-alloy steel materials, aluminum or aluminum alloys using nitrogen as the cutting gas, it is possible to use nitrogen containing a small amount, 0.1-10% by volume, of oxygen. 2. Sätt enligt krav 1, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a v att man utnyttjar nitrogen innehållande 0,5-5 volym-% oxygen.2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that nitrogen containing 0.5-5% by volume of oxygen is used. 3. Sätt enligt krav 1 eller 2, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a v att nitrogenet produceras på plats ur den omgivande luften och att renhetsgraden bestäms så att erforderlig mängd oxygen kvarstår i den producerade gasen.3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nitrogen is produced on site from the ambient air and that the degree of purity is determined so that the required amount of oxygen remains in the produced gas. 4. Sätt enligt något av krav 1-3, k ä n n e t e c k n a t a'v att skärmomentet efterföljs av ett mekaniskt eller kemiskt oxidavlägsningssteg.4. A method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the shielding moment is followed by a mechanical or chemical oxide removal step. 5. Användning av en gaskomposition innefattande nitrogen med ett litet innehåll, 0,1-10 volym-%, företrädesvis 0,5-5 volym-%, av oxygen, k ä n n e t e c k n a d a v att den används vid laserskärning av rostfritt stål, andra höglegerade stålmaterial, aluminium eller aluminiumlege- ringar.Use of a gas composition comprising nitrogen with a small content, 0.1-10% by volume, preferably 0.5-5% by volume, of oxygen, characterized in that it is used in laser cutting of stainless steel, other high-alloy steel materials , aluminum or aluminum alloys.
SE9500347A 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith SE514450C2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9500347A SE514450C2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith
EP96902543A EP0871559A1 (en) 1995-01-31 1996-01-30 A method of cutting by laser and gas composition for use in such cutting
PCT/SE1996/000101 WO1996023624A1 (en) 1995-01-31 1996-01-30 A method of cutting by laser and gas composition for use in such cutting
CZ972441A CZ244197A3 (en) 1995-01-31 1996-01-30 Method of cutting stainless steel by laser beam

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9500347A SE514450C2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
SE9500347D0 SE9500347D0 (en) 1995-01-31
SE9500347L SE9500347L (en) 1996-08-01
SE514450C2 true SE514450C2 (en) 2001-02-26

Family

ID=20397036

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
SE9500347A SE514450C2 (en) 1995-01-31 1995-01-31 Method of laser cutting and gas composition for use therewith

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0871559A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ244197A3 (en)
SE (1) SE514450C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996023624A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2779078A1 (en) * 1998-05-29 1999-12-03 Air Liquide Cutting gas used in laser cutting of aluminum and its alloys
FR2825305A1 (en) * 2001-06-01 2002-12-06 Air Liquide Laser beam welding comprises use of lateral nozzle for improved distribution of protective gas
DE102004026033A1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-12-15 Linde Ag Gas mixture for laser beam fusion cutting
FR2893873B1 (en) 2005-11-25 2008-12-12 Air Liquide PROCESS FOR CUTTING WITH A STAINLESS STEEL FIBER LASER
FR2893872B1 (en) 2005-11-25 2008-10-17 Air Liquide CUTTING PROCESS WITH FIBER STEEL LASER C-MN
CN117020404A (en) * 2023-08-10 2023-11-10 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Methods, devices, components, processing equipment and storage media for laser cutting carbon steel

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK168593B1 (en) * 1985-05-09 1994-05-02 Aga Ab Method of laser cutting metallic workpieces
EP0712346B2 (en) 1994-06-06 2005-06-22 Amada Company Limited laser beam machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE9500347L (en) 1996-08-01
SE9500347D0 (en) 1995-01-31
EP0871559A1 (en) 1998-10-21
CZ244197A3 (en) 1998-12-16
WO1996023624A1 (en) 1996-08-08

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