SU1122995A1 - Telemetric system for well-logging - Google Patents

Abstract

TELEMETRIC SYSTEM OF THE DAY OF WELLING OF WELLS, consisting of surface and borehole parts, connected by a logging cable, the surface part of which includes a controller and a modem, and a borehole part - a controller, a modem, and interface circuits. measuring modules and instrument trunk for transmitting information and power supply voltage, characterized in that, in order to expand the functionality of the X capabilities of the telemetry system, there are three instrument trunk lines on one side. They are connected to the three cores of the logging cable, and on the other hand, two trunk lines are connected to the interface circuits via a symmetrical transformer or a choke, and a third line is connected to the modules via a switching element to the modules containing an internal polarization sensor (ps) or electromechanical devices to the fourth trunk lines (Connections command output and downhole controller data input and command inputs, data output and signal Readiness of the interface circuits, center and pole C lines of the trunk are connected to It connects to the Outputs Tact, Borehole Control, and N inputs of the interface circuits, and the seventh line is connected to the output of the General CO measurement of jTenbHbix modules. cl

Description

The invention relates to equipment for geo-logical surveys of wells, in particular to well equipment built according to a modular principle. Telemetry systems are known for complex equipment containing a large number of sensors of different physical fields. The exchange of information between the controller of the downhole tool and the sensors is organized on the basis of the radial or main-radial interface 1J. However, a large number of interface lines reduces the noise immunity of the measuring modules, and the tracing of a large number of wires creates a number of negative side effects, such as shunting the acoustic isolator in acoustic acoustic devices, the difficulty of making sealed multi-pin connectors of limited diameter, reducing the reliability of contact connections and device as a whole. It is difficult to standardize the electrical connection of modules and their arrangement into modular instruments, designed to solve various geological problems. In addition, there may be modules in one modular device that need to be centered and those that need to be pressed against the borehole wall. Therefore, it is desirable to connect the modules flexibly with a connector, for which it is convenient to use segments of a serial seven-core cable with standard seven-contact connectors used in geophysical equipment. In this case, there is no need to develop special connectors. Closest to the proposed technical entity is a telemetry system for transmitting data via a logging cable, consisting of surface and downhole parts, connected by a logging cable, in the ground part of which a controller and modem enter, and in the well part - a controller, modem, interfacing circuits, measurement modules, and instrument arteries for transmission, information, and supply voltage. Bottom-up and top-down commands are controlled by a computing device connected to the logging cable via a modem. Commands are transmitted by a bipolar serial code with a clock frequency of 20 kHz. The modem of the downhole tool demodulates the signal and transmits it to the controller by the control module, which transmits it along the instrument trunk to the measuring modules. All modules of the well tool, including The control module is connected to the trunk using a universal interface. The universal interface includes an address decoder, a response scheme, and a counter for the number of information words. The response pattern transmits a signal to the end of a group of information words. The control module exchanges signals with the rest of the measuring modules on the five wires. The first wire of the trunk is a unidirectional line through which control commands are transmitted, the coding method involving the transmission of clock pulses contained in the control word and having a frequency f (... The second wire is designed to issue a command acknowledgment signal. The third wire is a unidirectional a line for transmitting data in digital form from the measuring modules to the well controller. The fourth wire is supplied with clock pulses with a frequency of 2, with transmitting the data. The fifth wire is designed to transmit a Return signal, which signals that the window data is being transmitted. For the downhole tool to function, two more lines need to be added — Ground and Power. (Using the Ground of the device dramatically reduces the noise immunity system. Therefore, the total number of lines in the trunk of the downhole part of the telesystem is the eighth and eighth lines are the armor cable and the instrument case, which are used as a return power supply wire J r2J |. The disadvantages of the known telesystem are that the data transmission is only performed in digital form, which excludes the construction of modules using acoustic (AK), pulsed-neutron INK) and nuclear magnetic (NMK) logging. The digitization of signals from the modules of these methods is impossible today for a whole number of reasons of a technical and economic nature. For example, digitizing only one wave pattern of a serial SPAK-6 acoustic logging device in the 5 ms interval will require. transfer 30 kbps of information. With a trigger frequency of 10 Hz emitters, the total amount of information in 1 s is 300 kbps. Transfer such amount of information through a cable with a maximum bandwidth of 5060 kbit / s, possibly decreasing proportionally the logging speed, that с. committed unacceptable. In addition, it is unnecessarily complicated (the well part of the relevant modules (AK, INK, SL); it is not possible to measure the potentials of the self-polarization of the well (PS method), since in order to measure this signal, it is necessary to measure the potential difference between two electrodes, one of which is on the surface, and the second in the borehole; the communication module of the tele system can be only the top one in the well device, which makes it difficult and practically impossible to use electric logging modules; if the well device contains a module having An electromechanical device, this device cannot be powered from a separate source from the surface, which is necessary in many cases. The purpose of the invention is to enhance the functional capabilities of the telemetry system. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a telemetry system for well logging consisting of and downhole parts, connecting logging cable, in the ground part of which a controller enters and in the downhole part - a controller and a modem, interface circuits, measurement modules and instrument cable for transmission Information and power supply, three instrumentation lines on one side are connected to the three cores of the logging cable, and on the other side, two main lines are connected to the interface circuits via a three-dimensional transformer or choke, and a third line is connected to the module 954T1 with a module connected to the module m, containing the sensor PS or elektromekh-. devices, to the fourth line of the trunk, the command output and the input of the well controller data and command inputs, data and signal outputs, the readiness of the interface circuits, the fifth and sixth lines of the trunk line are connected to the corresponding outputs Tact, the Well controller, and the inputs of the interface circuits, and the seventh line is connected to the common output of the measuring modules. The first and second wires of the pipeline are a continuation of the first and second core wire cables. Through these two wires, analog signals are transmitted from the rotating and rotating devices directly to the core wire. The third conductor of the pipeline is also a continuation of the third conductor of the logging cable and is used for supplying the logging equipment with a voltage of a special form or for organizing the PS signal measurement circuit. The fourth wire is a bi-directional line through which a command is transmitted from the control module to the measurement modules or a readiness signal and data are transmitted back. On the right side of the highway, signals are transmitted from the control module to the measuring modules. and the sixth wire switches the measuring modules from receive mode / to transfer mode. The seventh conductor of the trunk line is digital ground, the eighth is the instrument body and the wireline armor. FIG. I is given a functional diagram of the well part of the proposed system; in fig. 2 is a universal interface diagram; in FIG. 3 is a time diagram of his work. In this tele system, the first and second wires of the cable are connected to the first and second lines of the line from one end, respectively, from the other they are loaded onto the characteristic impedance 1. These lines are connected to the control module and measuring modules via transformer 2 or chokes 3, from the middle points of which The voltage of the 4 modules power supply is removed. The second power cable is the cable braid and the case.

device. A third cable core is connected to the third wire of the trunk. The measurement modules are connected to the third core through the switching element 5. A fourth line is connected to the command output and the Readiness and Data controller inputs. The universal interfaces 6 (Fig. 2) are connected to the fourth line of the line by inputs, outputs of the buffer register 7, and readiness outputs of control devices 8. The trunk line is connected to the clock output of the controller 9 and to the clock inputs of the buffer registers 7, the six line trunk is connected to the output of the controller 9 and to the control devices 8 of the universal interfaces 6. The seventh line is common to digital signals.

The control module includes a modem 10 connected by a digital output 11 and input 12 to the controller 9 and an input to a crystal oscillator 13. The crystal oscillator is also connected to the controller 9. The control module also includes a universal interface 6 and service sensors 14. The universal interface 6 consists of a buffer register 7 / decoder 15 command and control device 8. In addition to universal interfaces 6 and logging devices 16 and 17, individual devices are included in the measurement modules. For example, the first measurement module has a switching element 5 that connects the logging device to the third trunk line. Electro-mechanical devices can be applied through the switching element 5 through a voltage of a special form. In the second measuring module, the logging device is connected to the first and second cores of the cable through a transformer. With such a connection, AK, INK, NMK signals can be transmitted to the ground part of the telemetry system. In the end plug, the load resistances 18 are connected to the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh lines of the line.

The downhole part of the telesystem works as follows.

The signal from the first and second cores of the cable is removed from the second

windings of the transformer 2 and is decoded in modem 10. Then it goes through digital output 11 to controller 9 and from there to. fourth line of the highway. Simultaneously with the command 19 from the controller 9, the clock signals 20 are sent to the fifth line of the trunk, through which the command 19 is entered into the buffer register 7 of the universal interface 6. Next, the command enters the decoder 15 via the bus 21. At the end of the command, the controller 9 issues a generous trunk line control signal 22, by. to which the control device 8 generates a command decryption signal 23. The decrypted command is fed through one of the outputs 24 to the logging device 16 or 17. At the same time, the work permitting signal 25 is received from the control device 8 to the logging device 16 and 17.

In the case of a survey of a logging device containing an acoustic logging probe, the emitters of the acoustic signal are excited, and the wave pattern 26 through the transformer enters the first and second lines of the pipeline.

If the logging device contains a PS probe, then the analog information signal 27 is supplied through switching element 5 to the third line of the pipeline. If the logging information is digitized in the logging device itself, then it is digitally fed via bus 28 to the buffer register 7.

In any case, after the logging device has completed its work on line 29, the ready signal 30 is fed into the control unit 8.

The control unit on the ready signal 30 forms the information recording signal 31 in the buffer register 7, and also transmits readiness to the fourth trunk line and resets the operation enable signal 25.

The controller 9, upon receipt of the ready signal 30, supplies clock signals 20 to the fifth line, by means of which information from the buffer register 7 of the universal interface 6 is output to the fourth line of the highway and fed through the controller 9 to modem 10, from where it is encoded to the first and the second core wireline cable.

7

When the next command enters the logging cable, the controller of the control module - resets the control signal 22 to the sixth trunk line in O and prepares the universal interfaces 6 to receive this command,

The proposed telemetry system is designed first of all for the study of oil and gas wells with a unit of equipment containing a large number of sensors and a common protective housing. 1e1J8 18

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1229958

The wesptema can be used as a standard for instrumentation complexes focused on the study of oil, gas, ore and coal wells.

Technical and economic efficiency in the implementation of a predicted telemetry system is achieved by unifying downhole equipment, reducing the cost of developing individual modules and modular devices.

otodnost. Tact Up Earth

Claims (1)

A TELEMETRIC SYSTEM FOR WELL LOGGING, consisting of a ground and a borehole part connected by a logging cable, the ground part of which includes a controller and modem, and the borehole part - a controller, modem, interface circuits, measuring modules and instrument trunk for transmitting information and voltage, characterized in that · in order to expand the functionality of the telemetry system, three lines of the instrument line from one side. They are connected to three wires of the logging cable, and on the other hand, two trunk lines are connected to the interface circuits through a symmetrical transformer or inductor, and the third line is connected via the switching element to modules containing a self-polarization sensor (PS) 'or electromechanical devices, g to the fourth main lines connected output of commands and data input of the downhole controller and inputs of commands, output of data and signal Readiness of interface circuits, the fifth and sixth lines of the main are connected to the corresponding outputs Tact / 'Control of the downhole controller and inputs of interface circuits, and the seventh line is connected to the output of the General measuring modules.