SU1761894A1 - Wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: construction area, for the erection of walls of low-rise buildings. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The wall structure includes wall blocks 1 with depressions 3 on all sides of the block and inserts 4 and 7. The inserts 4 connect the blocks from the side of horizontal and end surfaces and are made in the form of paired, regular truncated pyramids. The inserts 7, which enter the recesses on the vertical surfaces, are made in the form of a regular truncated pyramid with decorative decoration of a larger base. The side of the smaller base, the pyramid, refers to the side of the larger base and the height of the pyramid as 2: 8: 3, and the ratio of the side of the larger base of the pyramid to the larger and smaller sides of block 1 is 4: 5: 10. 1 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

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WITH

The invention relates to the construction, in particular for the construction of walls of low-rise buildings and can be widely used in rural and country house construction.

The known wall structure includes blocks with central through oval holes for connecting insert pins with radial tangentially directed ribs and protruding ring flanges in the middle. Additional protruding surfaces, longitudinal grooves, and recesses are provided on the surfaces and ends of the blocks.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of manufacturing and the complexity of building a wall of blocks.

The closest technical solution is a wall structure including wall blocks and inserts for them in

the form of paired truncated cones. The recesses in the blocks under the inserts are alternated on the bed surfaces of larger and smaller diameters of the cones, the dimensions of which are 5/15 to 12/15 of the block thickness at a cone height not exceeding the diameter of the larger base.

The disadvantage of this design is that the recesses in the blocks under the inserts are alternated on the bed surfaces of larger and smaller diameters of the cones, which is unacceptable from the point of view of unification. The conical shape of the liners in combination with the rectangular shape of the external surfaces of the block leads to the fact that all internal bridges (walls of the monolith) have a non-uniform cross-section. Thus, the ratio of the total volume of inserts to the volume of

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about

00 About 4

unit will be small and will be approximately 10-15%.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the wall construction of the wall blocks and liners thereto and reduce the labor intensity of wall construction.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the most simple geometrical form of wall blocks and liners to them in the wall structure is chosen, all dimensions of which can be unified and represent the following optimal relations.

The liners are made in the form of a regular truncated pyramid or in the form of paired regular truncated pyramids connected by large bases. The larger base of the regular truncated pyramid is located at the level of the block surface, and the ratio of the sides of the smaller base, the larger base and the height of the pyramid is 2: 8: 3, and the ratio of the side of the larger base of the pyramid to the larger and smaller sides of the block is -4: 10: 5 . Due to this geometry, the weight of the wall block without liners will be no more than 60% of the weight of the monolithic block in the wall structure. The use of liners for wall blocks in the wall structure provides a reduction of thermal conductivity up to 60% of the thermal conductivity of the block due to the fact that the liners are filled with pressed wood sawdust or slag. As a result, sound insulation is also good. Wall blocks made in the form of rectangular frames are made of durable material, for example, from concrete or ceramics.

FIG. 1 shows a fragment of the wall, a plan view; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - a general view of the wall structure (without liners); in fig. 4 and 5 - a general view of the liners.

A wall structure comprising a wall block 1 of a rectangular shape made of a durable material, such as concrete or ceramics, contains side ribs 2 forming the frame of block 1, recesses 3 on all sides of block 1. Recesses 3 are made in the form of a regular truncated pyramid with edges at an optimum angle of 45 ° in terms of strength. The side of the smaller base 6 of the pyramid refers to the side of the larger base 5 and the height of the pyramid as 2: 8: 3, and the ratio of the side of the larger base 5 of the pyramid to the larger and smaller sides of block 1 is 4: 5: 10 (see Fig. 3). Inserts 4 are made in the form of paired regular truncated pyramids, and liners 7 are designed in the form of a regular truncated pyramid and are intended for the decoration of the outer and inner sides of the walls,

and also serve to increase their thermal and sound insulation (see Fig. 5).

The construction of the wall or the installation of the foundation is carried out around the perimeter of the building as follows (see Figs. 1 and 2).

0 In the recess 3 of the block 1, the liners 4 are placed on top of half of the blocks 1 of the first row, 4 of the liners 4 are superimposed by blocks 1 of the second row so that they enter the recesses 3, the subsequent rows of blocks are similarly assembled to the desired height of the wall being erected. In the course of work, only the side ribs 2 of the blocks 1 are greased with mortar, which ensures material savings.

In case of need additional strengthening of walls and the base, for example, for seismic resistance, they grease not only onboard

5 ribs 2 blocks 1, but the surface of the liners 4 and 7; To enhance the seismic resistance of the walls and the foundation of the building, as well as during the erection of fortification structures in the liners 4, vertical through holes (not shown) can be provided for the passage of metal rods and, if necessary, various kinds of communications.

Inserts 7 upon reaching a given

The 5 heights of the walls are laid in the depressions 3 of the blocks 1 on the outer and inner sides.

Due to the simplification of the wall construction of wall blocks and liners to them, due to the shape and geometrical ratios of building elements, the laboriousness of building walls and foundations, as well as transportation as a result of reducing the weight of blocks (without liners) to 60%, is drastically reduced in blocks. The use of the proposed wall structures makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the outer walls by 30-40%, and the mass of the walls by 60%. The consumption of mortar is reduced by about 55%, and ceramic materials by 2 times.

Claims (1)

Claim 1. A wall structure comprising wall blocks with recesses on the horizontal surfaces of a variable cross section extending to the surface of the blocks in which the corresponding inserts halfway into the body of the connected blocks are placed, characterized in that with the aim of simplifying the construction and reducing the laboriousness of building walls; wall blocks are made with additional recesses under the liners on the end and vertical surfaces, the liners connecting the blocks from the side of the horizontal and the end surfaces are made in the form of paired regular truncated pyramids connected by large bases, and those entering the depressions on vertical surfaces, in the form of a regular truncated pyramid, greater than 0 The innovation is located in the level of the block surface, while the ratio of the sides of the smaller base, the larger base and the height of the pyramid is 2: 8: 3, and the ratio of the side of the larger base of the pyramid to the larger and smaller sides of the block is 4: 10: 5. 2, The wall structure according to claim 2, wherein the liners facing the surface of the wall are decorated with a decorative base of a larger base. FIG. Z 7