SU199440A1 - DEVICE FOR THE EXCITATION OF SEISMIC WAVES - Google Patents

Description

A device for exciting seismic waves, consisting of a driver and a plate, is known. The causative agent is a carburetor engine. This device uses one act of operation of the carburetor machine - throwing the heavy piston upwards, which reduces productivity. The proposed device is characterized in that it uses a diesel-hammer pile with an automatic catch-and-release device as a driver.

This makes it possible to increase the productivity of seismic exploration.

The drawing shows a diagram of the device with the use of a standard diesel rod hammer.

The main working part of the device is ush; ice in the construction of a diesel pile hammer. In order to clarify the difference in the operation of the seismic wave generator from the operation of a diesel hammer in the pile driving mode, first, a description of the structure and operation of the diesel hammer is given.

Pile Cap J. To install the diesel hammer on the driven pile, a spherical hinge is connected to the base 2, which serves at the same time as the fuel tank and the attachment point of the piston 3 to the nozzle 4 and the fuel pump 5 with the rod 6. In the base 2 there are also fixed lower ends of the rods 7 fastened in the upper part ferrule 8. Impact part 9 is worn on the rods;

A pusher 10, a drive w, i into operation through the rod 6, a fuel pump 5, and a finger 11 for gripping and lifting the impact part are fastened on the impact part. In addition, a carriage 12 is mounted on the rods 7 with a hook 13 fixed on it, which is connected to the lever 15 by means of a spline 14. The latter is supported by a spring 16, which is fastened by a second end on the carriage 12.

Three 17 (which, in the usual diesel engine mode, is attached directly with the carriage 12) is used to lift the carriage with the impact part and to install the diesel hammer on the pile.

The normal operation of the diesel hammer described above is as follows. A diesel hammer supported by a special hammer is mounted with a head-cap / on top of the pile. The carriage 12 is lowered on the cable 17, slidable to the rods 7 until the hook 13 engages with the finger 11. Then the carriage together with the hook part 9 hooked to it with the hook 13 and the finger 11 and raised to the top of the rods 7.

After that, the lever 15 is manually rotated. The rotation is transmitted through the axis 14 to the hook 13 and the impact released. Part 9 falls, slipping along the rods 7. At the end of the fall, the cylinder of the impact part is put on the piston 3, as a result of which a cavity is formed pressure increases sharply (adiabatic compression). Increasing its pressure through the piston head 3, base 2 and pile head / is not applied to the pile.

During adiabatic compression, the air inside the cavity is heated; at the same time, the pusher 10 on the stem 6 of the fuel pump 5, and into the closed cavity through the nozzle 4, diesel fuel sprays in a sprayed state.

Having come into contact with heated air, the fuel quickly burns (analogs of the explosion), the pressure in the cavity rises dramatically, which also in the form of impact, combined with the first, is transmitted to the pile, and the shock part 9 is ejected upwards under the action of this pressure.

In the normal mode of the diesel hammer, the shock part 9 does not reach the carriage 12. It stops at a certain height under the influence of gravity and then falls again.

The peak is repeated with a period of 0.8-1 sec, since the entire system is in self-oscillation mode. To stop the diesel hammer, the fuel supply is turned off, and the shock part is stopped in the lower position.

For seismic prospecting, it is necessary, first, to create a pulse strictly synchronously on command from the station, and secondly, after one impact, there should be a lull for seconds, during which the equipment records the reflected waves.

To create a seismic mode of operation of a diesel hammer, it must be supplemented with a special automatic catching and launching device.

On the carriage 12, the tsri pomosh and the horizontal axis 18 are fixed to the rocker 19. The rod 20 with the cylinder 21 is loosely inserted into the hole in the yoke. The reset spring 22 is attached to the rod. A pin 23 is inserted into the rod, preventing it from falling out of the hole. On the platform 24, the latch 26 is fastened with the help of the axis 25.

A wire 31 connects an electromagnet to a receiver / amplifier 32 of a signal equipped with an antenna 33.

At the upper ends of the rods 7, shock absorbers 34 are fixed, connected to a rigid beam 35, on which there is a lock 36, holding the rod 37. The lower end of the latter is fastened to the carriage 12, the upper end is fastened by a cable 17.

Preparing the device to work.

The device is installed plate 38 on .grunt. Opening the lock 36, release the rod 37 and lower the carriage 12 with the help of the cable 17. In this case, the rocker arm 19 is hooked with the latch 26. As the carriage is lowered, the slab 21 of the rod 20 rests on the impact part 9, the rod slides freely into the hole of the rocker arm 19, and the spring 22, resting against the rocker, is compressed under the weight of the carriage 12.

Hook 13 abuts the bevelled part into the nail 11, rotates over the axis 14 and the lever 15 and overcomes the resistance of the spring 16, and engages with the finger 11. After that, the carriage 12 together with the impact part is raised with the help of the cable 17 until the rod 37 will be locked by lock 36. Then the tension of the cable weakens, and the weight of the entire system is distributed through the rod 37, lock 36 and beam 35 on the shock absorbers 34. In this position, the device is ready for operation.

The operation of the device.

At a certain moment from the seismic station, the antenna 33 receives a command signal, which is amplified by receiver-amplifier 32 and, in the form of an electrical impulse, is fed through wire 31 to electromagnet 29. Anchor 30, working off the signal, hits the lower end of the latch 26, which, overcoming the spring resistance 27, disengages from the yoke 19. At this time, the spring 22 is compressed between the impact part 9 and the yoke 19. Straightening, the spring sharply turns the yoke 19 around the axis 18, and the end of the yoke hits the end of the lever 15. Squeezing impact energy t spring 16 and believe UHC hook 13 through the axis 14 frees hydrochloric punch part 9.

Under the force of gravity, the impact part falls, slips along the rods 7. Together with the impact part, the rod 20 moves downward until the pin 23 touches the rocker arm 19. Next, the rocker under the action of the weight of the rod 20 and the spring 22 tilts and engages the latch 26. The hook 13 with the lever 15 returns to its original position under the action of the spring 16.

The impact part falls, as described above, onto the base, and a seismic pulse is transmitted to the ground through the headgear / and plate 38, which is the sum of the impact of the incident load and the momentum of the fuel explosion. After this, the strike part flies upwards. Fuel is supplied in such doses that it reaches the carriage 12. When the shock part moves upwards, the spring 22 is compressed, and the hook 13 engages with the finger 11. The excess energy of the shock part moves upwards through the carriage 12, the rod 37, the lock 36 and the beam 35 on the shock absorbers 34 are absorbed by them, and the device is ready for the production of the next impulse on command from the manufacturer.

A full cycle from the moment the signal is given until the device returns to its original position is 1.5-2.5 seconds. Thus, seismic pulses from the station can be repeated with a period of 3 seconds or more. Due to the high energy accumulated in the spring 22 and the height between the suspended drum part and the base of the diesel hammer (the height deviation does not exceed 3 mm), the teams of the seismic station can be processed strictly synchronously (maximum deviation +0.0015 sec) and the device can used in conjunction with signal accumulation equipment.

Subject invention

A device for exciting seismic waves, consisting of an exciter and a plate, characterized in that, in order to increase the performance of seismic exploration, a pile diesel-hammer with an automatic catch-and-release device is used as an exciter.

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