SU2A1 - Water purifier with chemical reagents - Google Patents

Description

The proposed apparatus is intended to purify water with the help of chemical reagents, and, unlike the existing devices of the same purpose, the apparatus is designed for precise adjustment of the dissolved reagents depending on the amount of water being purified and for thoroughly mixing them with water; In order to successfully separate the mechanical impurities in the apparatus, a method of slowing down the speed of water movement in the appropriate places was applied.

FIG. 1 the apparatus is shown schematically in vertical section. FIG. 2 shows the upper part of the apparatus in a side view (at an angle of 90 to FIG. 1) with the indication of the distribution device in part in section and FIG. 3 shows a top view of the apparatus.

The water to be cleaned flows through pipe 2 into tank 1 (figs. 2 and 3), divided by partition 3 and mesh or grid 4 into two compartments so that the incoming water can reach the outlet from the reservoir gap (sill) 5 only by bending the wall 3 and pass through the grid 4. Slit about

horizontal and goes to the entire length of tank 1, so that water through it, as if through a threshold, can freely pour out of the latter into a trough 6 adjacent to the reservoir 6. Thanks to the inclined partition 3 and grid 4, the water approaches the threshold 5 s gradually decreasing speed and is discharged through this threshold is quite calm stream. The trough 6 is divided by adjustable partitions 7 and 8 into three compartments from which pipes 10, 11 and 12 lead, directing the water, with jets of various sizes, to different places or organs of the water treatment apparatus. The baffles 7 and 8, which serve to control the distribution of water, are reinstalled by means of screws 9 rotated by handwheels 9. A large stream is directed through pipe 10 from the middle section of trough 6 to upper hydraulic wheel 13 and then through pipe 19 to receiving tank 18 installed in the upper part the tank 17, divided by a conical partition 20 into two chambers A and B. The shaft of the upper-arm gear wheel 13 rotates, by means of a gear 14, a hollow vertical shaft 15 located along the axis of the tank 17 and equipped with a funnel 16 and m Shalkiya 21, 22 and 23, of which the first is fastened to the reservoir 18 situated within the tube 31, and the second and third bevel located at the bottoms of chambers A and B of the tank 17, which serves to prepare a solution of a soluble reagent is difficult. The water going to the preparation of this solution is supplied to the funnel 16 by the pipe 11 and is poured into the tank 17 near the bottom of its chamber B through the processes 24 of the shaft 15. The solution of the hardly soluble reagent (lime, barite and others) obtained in the tank 17 is poured into The above reaction tank 18, into which (through pipe 30), also diluted solutions of readily soluble reagents (soda, sulphate of alumina, etc.) and the bulk of the water to be purified are fed.

To supply the proper amount of these latter solutions, a device is used consisting of a vessel 25 divided by a partition 26 into two compartments 25 ° and 25 (Figs. 2 and 3). In the 25 ° compartment, the small upper-armhole piercing wheel 27 rotates, and the reagent solution is placed in the other. The third jet from the trough 6 is directed by pipe 12 to wheel 27, to which scoops 28 are connected, which take the reagent from compartment 25 and pour it into the funnel connected by pipe 29 to 25 ° in which the reagent is diluted with raw water flowing from the wheel 27. This diluted solution is sent by pipe 30 to the upper part of tank 18, in which it is displaced with both the untreated water coming through pipe 19 and the aqueous solution of the sparingly soluble reagent prepared in the manner indicated below in tank 17.

The readily soluble reagent is consumed, even with a large dilution with water, in a very small amount relative to the mass of the water being purified, and therefore its preliminary displacement in the tank 25 with part of the raw water strongly contributes to the uniform distribution of this reagent in the whole mass of water to be purified. The solution of this reagent, as it is consumed, is kept in the compartment 25i of the tank 25 at a constant equation, for example, by means of a float device or by means of a drain pipe (not shown in the drawing). By reinstalling the partition 7 of the trough b, it is possible to regulate within a wide range the amount of raw iodine fed through the pipe 12, and, consequently, the number of revolutions of the wheel 27 rotated with this water. This easily and accurately adjusts the amount of reactive solution supplied by the wipes 28 to the funnel of pipe 29. In order to establish the proper proportions, you can, if desired, also change the number of buckets 28 and tilt them to reduce or increase the scooped solution. Since this scooping mechanism 27, 28 always works in constant conditions and plays exclusively the role of the distributor I of an easily soluble reagent solution,: the speed of the wheel 27 will be strictly proportional to the mass of water falling on it, and, consequently, the mass of all passing through raw water apparatus, whatever the load of the water purifier itself.

In the case when two easily soluble reagents are used for purification of water, for example, soda and aluminum sulphate or; etc., on the other side of the water supply: scaffolding 27 is arranged in tank 25, the second I compartment 25, and the wheel is supplied with cher: packs, scooping the reactive I solutions simultaneously from both compartments 25 and 25.

In the application for supplying the solution I of easily soluble reagents of a special small water wheel 27, which is not related to the dies and does not experience variable resistance I, is essential and practically very important I feature of the proposed apparatus; for in previously known apparatuses (Ginzburg and others), in which the same i water wheel performs various functions determining the variable nature of the resistances of the mechanism, there can be no question of proportionality of the number of wheel revolutions; the mass of water falling on it, and hence the proportionality of the supply of reactive solutions. In Ginzburg and others, the water to be cleaned falls on the hydraulic wheel, which is thus the receiver of all the raw water entering the water purifier, whereby the number of revolutions of the water wheel is not subject to arbitrary changes, but is established by itself. Therefore, the adjustment of the supply of reactive solutions, if necessary, should be carried out in the named apparatus in a coarse manner — by changing the number of ladles or their slope.

A third stream of water, directed by pipe 11 to the funnel 16 of the hollow shaft 15 and discharged from the last near the bottom of the lower chamber B of the tank 17 through the branches of the shaft 24, is used to prepare a solution of a sparingly soluble reagent supplied to the upper chamber A of the tank 17 periodically (for example, after 24 hours or working day). A pipe 34 with a funnel 33 serves for this. This reagent, which is loaded in certain quantities, preferably in a mixture with water (for example, in the form of milk of lime), is spent in the upper chamber A and transferred through the nozzle 35 into the pipe 36 with a tap or valve 40 into the lower chamber. B. To do this, pre-close the valve 38 on the pipe 37, which communicates the upper part of the lower chamber B with the lower part of the upper chamber A, is lowered from the lower chamber.-S through the pipe 39 upset and open the valve, valve or valve 40.

When dissolving a sparingly soluble reagent, untreated water releases, as a result of exchange reactions, significant amounts of precipitation, which the reagent envelops also like all sorts of mechanical impurities; therefore, to make perfect use of the reagent and to prepare a saturated solution, it must be vigorously stirred with water. The latter is achieved by the fact that in the lower chamber the reagent semi-used in the upper chamber A is mixed with the untreated water supplied through the hollow shaft 15 by the action of the agitator 23 and tubular processes 24, as well as by the action of the jets themselves flowing

 through these tubular appendages. This solution of the sparingly soluble reagent, filling the entire lower chamber B of the tank 17, falls, with the valve 38 of the tube 37 open, into the lower part of the upper chamber A, where it meets i with a fresh reagent load, with which; The eye is thoroughly mixed by the stirrer 22. This mixing is also facilitated by the air sucked through the pipe 41, adjacent to the reagent overflow pipe 37. As the chamber A is filled with the reagent solution, it is freed from mechanical impurities and sediments resulting from chemical reagent and untreated water interactions. These impurities are precipitated due to the fact that the action of the agitator 22 does not extend to the upper part of chamber A, which lies above the sedative mesh partition 42. For a similar purpose, there is a mesh partition 43 and in the lower chamber B. The saturated reagent solution then passes upwards through an annular filter 44 and, completely transparent, pours over the edge of the tank 18 with a thin sweeping stream into the funnel of the pipe 31, where it is thoroughly mixed with the stream of raw water supplied by the pipe 19 and with a dilute solution of readily soluble solution. an asset supplied by pipe 30. Thus, a thoroughly prepared mixture of purified water with various kinds of reagents gets into the tank 18; and the rim 45, located above the funnel of the tube 31, eliminates the butt; bringing part of this mixture directly into the annular space of the tank 18. The whole mass descends through the tube 31 downwards and then rises upward in the annular space in which the stirrer 21 operates and sends through the tube 32 into the funnel 46 of the tube 47, which directs j evenly a mixture of water and reagents into the channel 48 and under the conically expanding cap 49, mounted on the collecting cone bottom 51 of the settling tank C so that an annular passage for the mixture is formed between the bottom edge of the cap and the bottom. Starting from reservoir 18, the direction of the fluid changes several times and

its speed gradually and smoothly decreases, as a result of which the most significant precipitation resulting from water purification reactions is completed already in the lower part of the lighting reservoir C and these precipitates sliding down the cone 51 are periodically removed from the apparatus. The grinded water rises up the settling tank upwards also at an all-decreasing speed, until it reaches a filter 52 in a perfectly calm state, above which an open tank 53 is installed, into which completely transparent water is discharged and removed through pipe 54. Thus reactive solutions, properly prepared, are supplied in the proposed apparatus, with easy and precise adjustment, strictly proportional to the whole mass of water to be purified, and the proportionality of their feeds is maintained even with different oscillations nor in the load of water purifier. Thorough and uniform mixing is especially favored by mechanical scaffolds 21, 22 and 23 and the flow of jets through hollow rotating processes 24. Successful cleaning is further facilitated by changing the direction of movement of the water being purified and slowing its speed in those places where chemical impurities and precipitation should precipitate. reactions.

SUBJECT OF INVENTION.

A water purifier with chemical reagents

from a settling tank C with instruments for preparing a sparingly soluble reagent and for proportional mixing of solutions of different reagents with the water being cleaned, with a TI means of filling wheels, differing in cumulative use: a) tank 17 divided by conical partition 20 into two chambers A and B communicated between pipes 35, 36, 37 for bypassing the contents of the lower chamber B to the lower part of the upper chamber A; b) a hollow shaft 15 with a funnel 16, rotated by an upper water pumping wheel 13, which serves to introduce part of the water to be purified through processes 24 into the lower part of chamber B and carrier agitators 23 and 22, respectively, near the bottoms of the chamber Bn A; c) a reservoir 18 located in the upper part of chamber A for mixing reagents with all purified water supplied through pipe 19 from the upper arm of the impeller 27 and through pipe 30 in the form of a solution with easily soluble reactants and guided by the central pipe 31 into the annular space of the reservoir 18 with a stirrer 21 and out of it via pipe 32 to the sig clarifier water distribution device, consisting of a trough 6, receiving treated water through a horizontal threshold 5 of tank 1 and equipped with movable partitions 7 and 8 for dividing all water into three adjustable jets 10, 11, 12 directed respectively to the upper-end gear wheels 13 and 27 with scoops 28.