SU51132A1 - The method of increasing the strength and chemical resistance of bricks and concrete products - Google Patents

Description

In a number of chemical productions, the scarce lead can be completely replaced by a brick impregnated with coal tar pitch. Red brick, impregnated with coal tar pitch, can be used as a lining material and as a material for the construction of chemical equipment.

According to previously known methods of impregnating bricks and other porous materials with bitumen, bricks are dried before impregnation, and drying of bricks takes a very long time and requires the construction of a special dryer, time and fuel consumption. However, after being impregnated with this method, the brick is not completely impregnated.

The proposed method does not require drying the brick, but, on the contrary, a full impregnation of the brick with water, which takes about 20 to 15 minutes, is necessary.

The impregnation process is as follows.

The brick, which is pre-prerequisite for impregnation with coal tar pitch, is immersed in water for 15–20 minutes before it is lowered into the molten pitch to be completely saturated with water.

Then a brick, impregnated with water, is immersed in pre-melted coal tar pitch at a temperature of 170-190 °. The end of the impregnation is determined by the moment when the surface of the pitch becomes calm (during the impregnation process, a strong churning of the mass occurs due to the release of water from the brick). During the impregnation process, the pores of the brick are gradually filled with molten pitch. The whole impregnation process takes 6-7 hours.

The fracture of a brick after its impregnation with coal tar pitch in the manner indicated above has a uniform black color over the entire surface, which indicates through-impregnation of the brick. Thus, from the porous material, due to impregnation, a dense monolithic material of high mechanical strength and chemical resistance is obtained.

The temporary compressive strength of the impregnated red brick is increased 3-4 times; so, before the impregnation of the brick, the temporary compression resistance is 260 KZJCM, and after impregnation it reaches 981 kg1 cm -.

The brick gain after impregnation is 900–1000 g, which is 1,000 tons per 1,000 bricks.

To bond the bricks soaked in the above method, masonry of the composition is proposed to be applied: 100 c. including coal tar pitch, 200 in. including cement mark 1. КЦ or „КЦВ, or simply sand, 5 в. small fiber asbestos.

A brick impregnated with the above method is resistant to hydrochloric acid of any concentration, to sulfuric acid and nitric concentration up to 40 ° / o, to phosphoric acid, to solutions of mineral salts, to alkalis and to organic substances, such as: acetic, oxalic, citric acids, fruit juices and glucose. The heat resistance of such a brick is 100-130 °.

Having greater mechanical strength and resistance to a whole range of chemical reagents, the brick impregnated with pitch can be used for lining electrolytic baths, extractors in the production of phosphoric acid, crystallizers, in the production of salts, for building acid storage, acid-resistant floors, etc.

In addition to the chemical industry, this brick can be successfully used for laying chambers of the heating network, for sewer manholes, collectors, foundations and a number of other structures.

Concrete can be impregnated in the same way. Impregnation of concrete is obtained through, and the strength of concrete is also increased by 3-4 times. Concrete collectors impregnated in this way will not be eroded by soil and sewage; it is possible to reduce the walls of concrete pipes, which will compensate to some extent for the impregnation consumption by pitch.

Subject matter .

A method of increasing the strength and chemical resistance of bricks and concrete products by impregnating them with coal tar pitch, characterized in that the brick or concrete products are saturated with water and then immersed in molten coal tar pitch for impregnation.