SU511A1 - The method of obtaining solid products compaction of formaldehyde with phenols and other substances - Google Patents

Description

As is well known, solid products obtained by compaction of phenols and formaldehyde are used in engineering or in pure form or in mixture with various mineral and organic substances that are not chemically bound to the compaction products, but represent only a mechanical admixture to them, filling agent. Some organic sulfonic acids and sulfonated products, namely sulfonic acids released from sulfonation products of petroleum and other hydrocarbon oils, as well as sulfonated fats and fatty acids or sulfonic acids, obtained by the action of strong sulfuric acid on a mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons with fatty oils or olein, have chemical combination with phenol and formaldehyde, to enter into chemical interaction, to form new products, compaction, all of which are initial mechanical substances that are not mechanically connected, but chemical chesky.

Until now, however, solid and perfectly homogeneous compaction products have not been obtained with organic materials in which there are either no substances containing aldehyde, phenolic or sulfonic groups, or these substances are found in only such small quantities. in which they could not influence the compaction reaction. These include, for example, coal and wood tar, turpentine, and other materials whose solid compaction products could be widely used in industry and technology.

The inventor has established that such substances also give solid products with phenols and formaldehyde, if the process of packing them is carried out in the presence of the above mentioned sul1, {|) and acids, which not only salga “chol” into the composition of final products, but also contribute introduced many of them inert in their absence mate,) Hiiiii. P 1) |: 1n:; 1111Х below the condition n::.; Mi to obtain solid and eoBepiuciiiio ..r.; .. i ciiMf.ie masses on a mixture of phenols,

(JAj | j-.j., Ucrit; ia n sulphonic slot with stone Kiyiu Jitiiiot n cut resin, turpentine, rosin, rosin oil, fats, fatty and petroleum acids, and garbage obtained from acid refining of oil and its distillate. ” these materials undergo chemical changes in the compaction process, since, as part of the final reaction products, they completely lose their inherent individual properties and cannot be isolated from them by conventional methods {which are used to separate | components from mechanical mixtures i this astvorov. Thus soluble in ether or benzene completely recovered turpentine these solvents bodies i mi of produktsv sealing it,

and raijouasi emola nai / yukai net only a lie |

significant quantities. It is difficult to admit that, at the same time, all those diverse in chemical nature eemecTija, j found, for example, in a gas pitch, could have the ability to react with phenol and aldehyde, but also those j components of it, which do not possess this ability, j are distributed in insoluble compaction products quite evenly, thus forming solid solutions. The reaction itself | the seal is accompanied by another term; michsesky effect and proceeds with | L | 1ugi.h quantitative ratios I || Niol; | and l1, ida, than this will be overrun: i in those cases where compaction is made without the addition of the mentioned lu.iiin; materials.i

And | 1 by 1 of these substances can be vndo; ij ieii5iTb wide range of iio.iyKitMbix properties of solid products, because depending on the reaction conditions, the quality and quantity of the starting materials, vents are obtained, possessing varying degrees of hardness, elasticity and the ability of the mechanical, physical 11 chemical agents. They are easily given by the o (i () ii6 () TKe by different tools - liiMii and do not require I to make complex devices from them. Although the end products are heated

. to a high temperature, they do not melt, I a p: and lag, nevertheless, all kinds of i objects can be cast from this I mass if it is not used in the final phase of the co-current, but in the intermediate one, when the reaction has not finished yet the product remains liquid and fluid for some time. The liquid mass poured into the appropriate form in them slowly in the cold and quickly hardens when heated and passes into the final solid phase of condensation, retaining the shape of the vessel in which it was located.

The materials listed above can be used for condensation and in the form of various types of their mixture, with the observance of the condition that the mixture of these materials, phenols and formaldehyde or its polymers also includes the mentioned sulfonic acids or sulfonated products. Example I, K 100 gr. Prbd zhyog carbolic acid, 50 gr. acids from coconut oil and 15 grams. A 45% aqueous solution of petroleum sulfonic acids (obtained, for example, by sulfonating petroleum jelly distillate) adds 50 grams. formalin (4Q%) and the mixture is heated until boiling. When boiling ceases, the mass is thoroughly changed and heated in the bath until the evaporation of water reduces its weight by 55 grams. of the amount taken to seal the venous. After that, it is cooled to 35-45 and another 40 grams is introduced into it during the change. formalin. At the same time, a quite homogeneous, not very thick, oil-like mass is obtained, which is allowed to stand with periodic stirring at an ordinary temperature until it thickens considerably, but does not lose, however, the ability to pour out of the vessel; then it is poured into forn.n11 open or hermetically sealed. 90 ° and finally the completely solidified mass is heated in a bale with water. It turns out about 200 grams. yellow or svetlorptsovogo, solid infusible and soner