TW200530263A - Prevention and treatment of hypertensive heart diseases by the selective estrogens 8β-vinyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,17β-diol and 17β-fluor-9α-vinyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,16α-diol - Google Patents
Prevention and treatment of hypertensive heart diseases by the selective estrogens 8β-vinyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,17β-diol and 17β-fluor-9α-vinyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,16α-diol Download PDFInfo
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- TW200530263A TW200530263A TW093136621A TW93136621A TW200530263A TW 200530263 A TW200530263 A TW 200530263A TW 093136621 A TW093136621 A TW 093136621A TW 93136621 A TW93136621 A TW 93136621A TW 200530263 A TW200530263 A TW 200530263A
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- diol
- vinyl
- triene
- agonist
- female
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Description
200530263 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於高血壓性心臟病之預防及治療。 【先前技術】 高血壓係決定人類心血管發病率及死亡率之關鍵因素之 —(Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP5 Evans JC, O'Donnell CJ, Kannel WB, Levy D. Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1291-1297)。與同齡男性相比,停經前女性的高血壓發 病率明顯較低(Corrao JM,Becker RC,Ockene IS,Hamilton GA. CHD risk factors in women. Cardiology 1990; 77:8-24) 。但在停經之後觀察不到該等性別差異(August P,Oparil S. Hypertension in women. Jclin Endocrinol Metabol 1999; 84:1 826-1 866),此係歸因於卵巢功能衰退所導致之雌激素 缺損。藥理學介入(pharmacological intervention)亦可導致 雌激素缺損,例如用於治療視雌激素而定之癌症(例如乳癌 及前列腺癌)、.子宮内膜異位及其它疾病所使用之GnRH促 效劑或拮抗劑、芳香晦抑制劑或抗雌激素。雌激素缺損之 臨床症狀與此類型之治療的關聯得到很好證明。因此,藉 由GnRH類似物之治療與熱潮紅(hot flash)之誘發及骨骼礦 物質密度(bone mineral density)降低相關聯(Sagsveen M.等 人2003, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4: CD001297)。同樣對 於芳香臃抑制劑而言已經描述了抑制雌激素作用之負面效 應係血管舒縮症狀之誘發及骨絡礦物質密度之減小 97704.doc 200530263 (Wickman S.等人2003,J. Clin. Endocrinol Metab. 88:3785-93) 。已知雌激素對血管壁發揮有益效應,其包括内皮一氧化 氮合成酶之向上調節(up-regulation)(Hayashi T,YamadaK, Esaki T,Kuzuya M,Satake S,Ishikawa T,Hidaka H,Iguchi A. Estrogen increases endotheiiai nitric oxide by a receptor mediated system. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 1995; 214:847-855; MacRitchie AN,Jun SS,Chen Z,German Z,
Yuhanna IS,Sherman TS,Shaul PW. Estrogen upregulates endotheiiai nitric oxide synthase gene expression in fetal pulmonary artery endothelium. Circ Res. 1997; 81:355-62) 及血管收縮素-1受體表達(Nickenig G,Baumer AT,Grohe C,
Kahlert S,Strehlow K,Rosenkranz S,Stablein A,Beckers F,
Smits JF,Daemen MJ,Vetter H,Boehm M. Estrogen modulates ATI receptor gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Circulation 1998; 97:2197-2201)。作為天然、無選擇性ERa 及ΕΙΙβ促效劑之雌二醇降低了停經後女性之血壓(Modena Φ MG, Molinari R*, Muia N, Castelli A, Pala F, Rossi R. Double blind randomized placebo controlled study of transdermal estrogen replacement therapy on hypertensive postmenopausal women. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12:1000-1008; Szekas B, Vajo Z,Acs N,Hada P,Csuzi L,Bezeredi J,Magyar Z,Brinton EA. HRT reduces mean 24 hr blood pressure and its variability in postmenopausal women with treated hypertension. Menopause 2000; 7:31-35)。高血壓增加了心臟的工作負荷,其引起心 97704.doc 200530263 肌質量之適應性增加(心肌肥大)。雖然心臟肥大本身代表一 . 代償機制(compensatory mechanism),但其仍為發展成心臟 衰竭及心因性猝死(sudden cardiac death)之確定及獨立風 險因素(Levy D,Garrison RJ,Savage DD,Kannel WB,Castelli WP. Prognostic implications of echocardio graphic ally determined left ventricular mass in the Framingham Heart Study. N Engl J Med 1990; 3 22:1561-1566) ° 性別本身在決 定左心室肥大之程度中充當關鍵要素的原理發現已報導於 φ 若干基於人群之研究中,該等研究包括Framingham人群及 患有主動脈瓣狹窄(aortic stenosis)之患者(Carroll JD, Carroll EP, Feldman T, Ward DM , Lang RM, McGaughey D and Karp RB. Sex-associated differences in left ventricular function in aortic stenosis of the elderly. Circulation 1992; 86:1099-1107; Krumholz HM, Larson M, Levy D. Sex
differences in cardiac adaptation to isolated systolic hypertension. Am J Cardiol 1993; 72:310-313; Dannenberg AL? Levy D5 Garrison RJ. Impact of age on echocardiographic left ventricular mass in a healthy population (the Framingham study)· Am J Cardiol 1989; 64:1066-1068)。最 近,心臟肥大與性激素含量之間之直接聯繫已在雌性SHR 大鼠之主動脈縮窄(aortic constriction)或發展為高血壓後 之動物模型中得以確定(Wallen WJ,Cserti Ch,Belanger MP, Wittnich C. Gender-differences in myocardial adaptation to afterload in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Hypertension 97704.doc 200530263 2000; 36:774-779; van Eickels M, Grohe C,Cleutjens JP, · Janssen BJ, Wellens HJ, Doevendans PA. 17beta-estradiol attenuates the development of pressure-overload hypertrophy. Circulation. 2001; 18;104:1419-1423; Pelzer T5 de JagerT,
Muck J,Stimpel M,Neyses L. Oestrogen action on the myocardium in vivo: specific and permissive for angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibition. J Hypertens 2002; 20:1001-1006)。心肌肥大、冠狀動脈疾病以及瓣膜性心臟病最終會 φ 引起心臟衰竭,心臟衰竭定義為心臟不能將心輸出量維持 在提供周邊組織(peripheral tissue)上所需充氧血的足夠水 平上。心臟衰竭晚期具有與惡性疾病晚期相比擬之不良預 後(prognosis),且係工業國家中代表心血管死亡率之單一最 重要原因(Haddy FJ· Heart failure - incidence and survival. N Engl J Med. 2002; 347:1397-402)。類似於心臟肥大及高 血壓,女性患心臟衰竭與男性相比較不常見,且在女性患 者中顯現之心臟衰竭的預後明顯地較好(Luchner A, Φ Brockel U, Muscholl M, Hense HW, Doring A5 Riegger GA5 Schunkert H. Gender-specific differences 〇f cardiac remodeling in subjects with left ventricular dysfunction: a population-based study. Cardiovasc Res. 2002; 53:720-7)。 雌激素會調節標靶基因之表達作用,且因此經由兩種不 同胞核内激素受體(nuclear hormone receptor)(雌激素受體 a(ERo〇及雌激素受體β(ΕΓΙβ))來調節心肌以及血管功能,該 等受體充當視配位體而定之轉錄因子(Walters p,Green S, 97704.doc -9- 200530263
Greene G,Krust A,Bornert JM,Jeltsch JM,Staub A,Jensen E5 Scrace G, Waterfield M, Chambon P. Cloning of the human estrogen receptor cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1985;
82:7889-7893; Kuiper GG,Enmark E,Pelto-Huikko M, Nilsson S,Gustafsson JA. Cloning of a novel receptor expressed in rat in rat prostate and ovary. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93:5925-593 0)。ERoc 以及 ERp在包括小鼠、大鼠 及人類之若干物種之血管細胞以及心臟肌細胞中得以表達 且具有功能性。
兩種已知之雌激素受體(ER)亞型(ERa及ΕΙΙβ)均由不同 基因編碼,其顯示具有高度之序列同源性。因此,激素結 合區域内之胺基酸序列僅有三個胺基酸是不同的。兩種受 體同質型(isotype)在若干器官系統中調控相異但亦眾多的 生物效應(Kuiper GG,Carlsson B,Grandien K,Enmark E, Haggblad J,Nilsson S,Gustafsson JA. Comparison of the Ligand Binding Specificity and Transcript Tissue Distribution of Estrogen Receptors a and β Endocrinology 1997; 138:863-870; Jankowski M, Rachelska G5 Donghao W? McCann SM,Gutkowska J. Estrogen Receptors activate atrial natriuretic peptide in the rat heart. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98:11765-1 1770)。 雌激素受體β(ΕΪΙβ)之組織分佈及功能 ΕΙΙβ於1995/96年經驗明為第二ER亞型(Kuiper 等人 (1996), Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93:5925-5930; Mosselman, 97704.doc -10- 200530263
Dijkema (1996) Febs Letters 392: 49-53; Tremblay 等人 e (1997),Molecular Endocrinology 1 1: 353-365) o ERp之表達 模式不同於 ERa(Kuiper 等人(1996),Endocrinology 138: 863-870)。ERp在大鼠前列腺中高度表達而其在子宮内低度 表達。其它展示ERP之高度表達的器官為卵巢顆粒細胞 (Couse等人Endocrinology 138,1997,S· 4612-4613)。除此 之外,具有ΕΓΙβ之高度表達之器官包含骨骼(Onoe Y等人, 997, Endocrinology 138:4509-4512)、金管系統(Register TC, · Adams MR 1998, J Steroid Molec Biol 64: 187-191)、肺、泌 尿生殖道(Kuiper GJM 等人 1997, Endocrinology 138: 863-870)、胃腸道(Campbell-Thopson 1997,BBRC 240: 478-483)及睾丸(Mosselmann S 等人 1996 Febs Lett 392 49-53)。ERa、ΕΙΙβ及ERot/β基因剔除小鼠之表型已經提供 了血管系統中ERp之功能重要性之證據。因此,雌二醇在 ERoc及ERp基因剔除小鼠兩者中顯示了於動脈硬化 (artheriosclerosis)模型(血管損傷回應模型)中之保護性效 馨 應,其表明了剩餘ER同種型調控該保護性效應(lafrati MD 等人 1997, Nature Medicine 3: 545-548)。在 ERa/ERp雙基因 剔除小鼠中雌二醇之保護性效應失去(Karas RH等人2001,
Circ. Res 89: 534-539)。 已經在ΕίΙβ缺損小鼠中觀察到異常血管功能及高血壓 (Zhu Υ 等人 2002,Science 295: 505-508)。該等資料證明了 ERP在調整血管功能及血壓方面之重要作用。 ER配位體及其對心血管系統之影響 97704.doc -11 - 200530263 與荷爾蒙替代療法(hormone replacement therapy)(HRT) 中所使用之天然ER配位體17β-雌二醇及共扼雌激素(普力 馬林(PREMARIN)中之活性要素)相比,亞型選擇性ER促效 劑於心血管系統t之效應尚未詳細研究。儘管17β-雌二醇 以及共軛雌激素及合成雌激素刺激子宮内膜且因此經常與 黃體素組合使用,但預期同種型選擇性雌激素可允許進行 不導致產生對(例如)子宮及肝臟之不當刺激效應的雌激素 治療。用雌激素刺激子宮内膜據認為係與子宮内膜癌之風 險增加有關聯(Harlap S 1992,Am J Obstet Gynecol 166: 1986-1992)。 一種對骨骼及血管系統顯示類雌激素效應而對子宮及乳 腺顯示抗雌激素效應的選擇性雌激素為ER部分促效劑/拮 抗劑。此類型選擇性雌激素被稱為選擇性雌激素受體調節 劑(SERM)(R.F. Kauffman, H.U. Bryant 1995,DNAP 8 (9): 53 1-5 3 9)。歸因於SERM,已經展示出内皮功能之改良,然 而SERM對血壓、心臟肥大及心輸出量之有益效應尚未描述 (Nickenig G,B’aumer AT,Grohe C,Kahlert S,Strehlow K, Rosenkranz S,Stablein A,Beckers F,Smits JF,Daemen MJ, Vetter H5 Boehm M. Estrogen modulates ATI receptor gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Circulation 1998; 97: 2197-22019)。 最近,已經驗明ΕΓΙβ選擇性雌激素(例如在WO 01/77139; PCT/EP03/06172, WO 02/26763; DE 100486349 中)。 【發明内容】 97704.doc -12- 200530263 本發明係關於使用8β_乙烯基-雌-H5G0)-三烯、3,i7^ 二醇及17β-氟-9α-乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,16心二醇(兩 種顯示雌激素受體P(ERp)之選擇性之類固醇雌激素受體配 位體)及8β_乙烯基-雌4,3,5(1〇>三烯-3,ηβ_二醇及17卜氟 -9〇6-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,16〇6-二醇之前藥來預防及 治療一或多種選自(1)高血壓、(2)心臟肥大及(3)心臟衰竭之 群之病症。 本發明係基於如下發現:ER_p選擇性促效劑8卜乙烯基_ 雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯_3,17β-二醇及17卜氟…乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5( 10)-三烯-3,16α-二醇在高血壓之臨床前模型(即自發 性高血壓大鼠(SHR))中可 (i)降低收縮、平均及舒張血壓, (Π)預防心臟肥大之發展及 (iii)增力σ心輸出量。 儘管已在ΕΙΙβ缺損之小鼠中已觀察到異常血管功能及高 血壓(Zhu Υ等人 2002,Science 295: 505-508),且該等觀察 表明了 ΕΙΙβ在血管功能及血壓調整中起重要作帛,但兩種 ER-β促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌三烯_3,17卜二醇及 17β务9α_乙烯基-雌],3,5(1〇)_三烯_3,16α_二醇在高血壓 之臨床前模型(即自發性高血壓大鼠(SHR))中可 ⑴降低收縮、平均及舒張血壓, (ii) 預防心臟肥大之發展及 (iii) 增力〇心輸出量 之實證係新穎的。 97704.doc 13 200530263 ERP基因剔除小鼠(knockout mice)中失常血管功能之表 型係 2001 年 4月 4日申請之 Gustafss〇n JA 及 Bian Z(Kar〇 Bi。 AB,Sweden)之專利申請案GB 2374412A之基礎。發明者觀 察到,與野生型(wt)同窩出生小鼠(littermate)相比,年齡大 於5個月之雄性及雌性ERp基因剔除小鼠之平均動脈壓 (MAP)升南。各個ERp缺損小鼠之心臟質量與野生型同窩出 生小鼠沒有差別且未在心臟、肺或腎中偵測到諸如肥大或 纖維化之病理性變化。儘管發明者申請ΕΚβ調節化合物用於 調節血壓且尤其用於治療高血壓之用途的專利,但迄今為 止尚未公佈可證明該等效應之有關ΕΙ^β選擇性促效劑之研 究0 考慮到GB 2374412中所描述之ERp缺損小鼠之表型未證 明如心臟肥大或纖維化之病理性變化,本發明者於本研究 中所使用之ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β_乙烯基-雌-l,3,5(10)-三烯_3,17β-二醇(W00177139)及17β_氟_9α_乙烯基-雌-l,3,5(10)_三烯 -3,16心二醇(?(:17£?03/06172)抑制81111心臟肥大之發現係 出乎預料且新穎的。 此外,已發現所調查之兩種ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,17β-二醇及 17β-氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,16〇1_二醇在降低31111血壓方面比170_雌 二醇及選擇性ERoc促效劑3,17β-二羥基-19-降-17α-孕 -1,3,5(10)-三烯-21,16(1-内酯(^〇 02/26763)更有效。 該等觀察提供了可建議使用兩種ERp促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)_三烯-3,17β-二醇及17β-氟-9α_乙烯基-雌 97704.doc -14 - 200530263 -1,3,5(10)-三稀-3,16〇〇-二醇供預防及/或治療 (1)南血壓 (2)心臟肥大及 (3)心臟衰竭 的基礎。 【實施方式】 本發明者已研究了自發高血壓性大鼠中選擇性ERP促效 劑叩-乙烯基_雌_1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,170-二醇及170-氟-9〇^乙 烯基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)-三烯·3,16α-二醇之心血管效應,自發高 血壓性大鼠係大體上模擬人類高血壓及心臟肥大之較完善 模型糸統(Dantas AP,Scivoletto R,Fortes ZB,Nigro D, Carvalho ΜΗ. Influence of female sex hormones on endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoid generation in microvessels of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Η少perie則ion· 1999; 34:914-9)。在進行該等研究中,觀察 到用化合物80-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,170-二醇及170-氟-9α-乙稀基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三稀-3,16α-二醇治療之動物中 收縮血壓以及舒張血壓的顯著降低。 令人吃驚地,用8β-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯_3,17ρ_二醇 及17β-氟-9α-乙烯基_雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,ΐ6α_:醇治療 時,如藉由活體内形態測量法及心臟磁振造影(cardiac mri) 評估之心臟肥大的發展在該等動物中得到顯著抑制。介入 性(invasive)以及非介入性血液動力學研突矣3日m 1凡衣明用8β-乙烯 基-雌],3,5⑽-三稀-3,17β-二醇及m9a_乙稀基-雖 97704.doc 15 200530263 ],3,5(1〇)•二烯_3,16α_二醇治療之動物中心輸出量 良。 改 基於該等結果,可作出結論,選擇性ER_(3促效劑乙烯 基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)·三烯_3,17卜二醇及17卜氟-9α_乙埽基_雌 -1,3,5(1〇)_三烯-3,16α_二醇提供一種預防及治療人類中一 或多種選自(1)高血壓、(2)心臟肥大及(3)心臟衰竭之群之病 症的新穎方法。 < 根據本發明,ERp選擇性促效劑8β_乙烯基 三烯-3,Πβ-二醇及17β_氟·9α_乙烯基_雌三烯 -3,16α-二醇及其前藥可用於產製供預防及治療一或多種選 自(1)高血壓、(2)心臟肥大及(3)心臟衰竭之群之病症的= 物。 該等化合物適合用於女性及男性之該等適應症 (indication) ° ERp選擇性促效劑8β-乙烯基—雌],3,5(1〇)_三烯-3,ι<7卜二 醇及17β-氟-9α-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯_3,16〇〇_二醇可在 無額外黃體素之共同投用下而用於本發明之目的。此係歸 因於ΕΙΙβ選擇性促效劑將不會引起對子宮内膜之刺激,在使 用ERoc促效化合物之情況下必須藉由黃體素之共同投用來 拮抗該刺激。 ΕΙΙβ選擇性促效劑8β_乙烯基-雌“,^⑺卜三烯—^^卜二 醇及17β-1_9α_乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_3,16α•二醇尤其 適合用於本發明之目的,即用於由於停經後印巢功能衰退 或化學或手術去勢而顯示出内源性雌激素水平降低的婦 97704.doc -16- 200530263 女。 在本發明之另一態樣中,卿選擇性促效劑可與抗雌激 素及/或芳香腾抑制劑組合(即附加於彼等)而投用,該等抗 雌激素及/或芳香酶抑制劑用於治療激素依賴性及非依賴 性腫瘤。投用ΕΙΙβ選擇性你对為丨々α n〆 擇性促效劑之目的係預防雌激素喪失對 心血管系統之有害效靡,女 ,。錢、尤其疋對血壓及心臟功能之 效應。 在本發明之另―態樣中’卿選擇性促效劑可與用於治 療月〕列腺增生之抗雌激素、芳香腌抑制劑或選擇性雕激素 叉體調節劑(SERM)組合使用以預防雌激素喪失對心血管 系統之有害效應’尤其是對血壓及心臟功能之負面效應。 待使用之抗雌激素可為(例如)7α_[9_[(4,4,5,5,5•五氟苯 基)亞續酿基]壬基]雌],„⑽三烯_3,導二醇(氟維司群 (fulvestrant))。 待使用之芳香晦抑制劑可選自下列化合物之群:安美達 錠(anaStr〇Z〇le)、阿他美坦(atamestane)、法倔唑(fadr〇z〇le) 福美斯坦(f〇fmestane)、來曲嗤(ietr〇z〇ie)。 待使用之SERM可選自下列化合物之群:雷洛昔芬 (raloxifene)、他莫昔芬(tam〇xifene)、5-.(4-{5-[(RS)-(4,4,5,5,5-五鼠本基)亞續醯基]戊氧基}苯基)_6_苯基_8,9_ 二氫_7H-苯幷環庚烯醇(w〇 00/03979)。 «亥專化合物可按照經口及非經腸投用兩種方式而用於所 提及之適應症。 具有ΕΙΙβ促效活性待投用之化合物劑量係在廣泛範圍内 97704.doc -17- 200530263 變化’且可涵蓋任何有效劑量。基於待治療之病症或待達 成之效應及投用之類型,化合物之劑量可為每曰〇 001毫克 /公斤體重-100毫克/公斤體重,較佳0 003毫克/公斤體重_3〇 毫克/公斤體重。 對於人而言,此對應於每日〇·〇8〇毫克至8000毫克之劑 量,較佳0.240至2400毫克。 根據本發明,一劑量單位中含有〇·〇8毫克至2〇〇〇毫克之 一或兩種具有ER /3促效活性之化合物。 根據本發明待使用之包含具有ΕΙΙβ促效活性之化合物之 醫藥組合物或醫藥製劑含有作為活性成份之一或兩種化合 物8β_乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)•三烯-3,17β_二醇及17β-氟-9α-乙 稀基·雌-1,3,5(10)-三稀-3,16α-二醇,其視情況可與其它藥 理或醫藥活性物質混合。醫藥製劑之產製可以已知之方式 進行,藉以可使用已知及通常所使用之醫藥佐劑以及其它 通常所使用之媒劑及稀釋劑。 舉例而言,下列文獻對照案中所推薦或指明可作為用於 醫藥品、美容品及相關領域之佐劑的彼等物質適合於作為 此等媒劑及稀釋劑:Ullmans Encyklopadie der technischen Chemie [Ullman?s Encyclopedia of Technical Chemistry],第 4卷(1953) ’ 第 1至 39 頁;Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ’弟 52卷(1963),第 918 頁及其後,Czetsch-LindenwaldSR,
Hilfsstoffe ftir Pharmazie und angrenzende Gebiete [Adjuvants for Pharmaceutics and Related Fields] ; Pharm· Ind.,第 2期, 1961,第 72頁及其後:Dr. Η. P. Fiedler,Lexikon der 97704.doc -18- 200530263
Hilfsstoffe fur Pharmazie ,Kosmetik und angrenzende Gebiete [Dictionary of Adjuvants for Pharmaceutics, Cosmetics and Related Fields],Cantor KG,Aulendorf in
Wurttemberg 117p-Fluor-9a-vinyl-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-3,16 a-diol 971 o 可將該等化合物以經口或非經腸方式(例如腹膜内、肌肉 内、皮下、經皮膚或靜脈内)投用。亦可將該等化合物以滲 入組織之缓釋型系統形式植入於皮下。 對於經口投用而言,膠囊、藥丸、錠劑、塗覆錠劑等皆 適合。除了活性成份之外,劑量單位可含有醫藥上相容之 媒劑,諸如(例如)澱粉、糖、山梨糖醇、明膠、潤滑劑、矽 酸、滑石粉等。 對於非經腸投用而言,活性成份可溶解或懸浮於生理上 相容稀釋劑中。經常使用添加或未添加有增溶劑、界面活 性劑、懸浮劑或乳化劑之油作為稀釋劑。所使用之油之實 例為橄欖油、花生油、棉籽油、大豆油、蓖麻油及芝麻油。 亦可以儲槽式注射劑(depot injection)或植入製劑之形式 使用該等化合物,可調配該等化合物以使活性成份之延遲 釋放成為可能。 作為惰性材料,植入物可含有(例如)生物可降解聚合物 或諸如(例如)聚碎氧橡膠之合成聚石夕氧。此外,對於經皮膚 投用而言,可將活性成份添加至(例如)貼片。 為了產製裝填有ΕΙΙβ促效活性化合物之陰道内系統(例 如,陰道環)或子宮内系統(例如,子宮栓、圈、IDUs、Mirena®) 97704.doc -19- 200530263 供局部投用,各種聚合物皆適合,諸如(例如)聚矽氧聚合 物、乙烯醋酸乙烯S旨(ethylene vinyl acetate)、聚乙烯或聚 丙稀。為達成活性成份之較好生體利用性,亦可將化合物 調配為環糊精包合物(cyclodextrin clathrate)。出於此目 的,使該化合物與α、β-或γ-環糊精或後者之衍生物 (PCT/EP95/02656)反應。 根據本發明,亦可將具有ER万促效活性之化合物用脂質 體封裝成膠囊。 方法 雌激素受體結合研究 使用作為配位體之[3Η]-雌二醇藉由競爭實驗測定8β-乙 烯基_雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,17β-二醇及17β-氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,16α-二醇之結合親和力。含有受體之細胞 溶質(cytosol)係製備自大鼠前列腺(含有ΕΙΙβ之細胞溶質)及 大鼠子宮(含有ERa之細胞溶質)。 如(Stack,Gorski 1985,Endocrinology 117,2024-2032)戶斤 描述並進行如Fuhrmann等人所描述之一些變更(Fuhrmann U·等人1995,Contraception 51: 45-52)來執行大鼠子宮細胞 溶質之製備及結合研究。 如(Testas J·等人,1981,Endocrinology 109: 1287-1289) 所描述執行大鼠前列腺細胞溶質之製備及結合研究。 與大鼠子宮雌激素受體相比8β-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三 烯-3,17β-二醇及17β·氟-9α-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯 -3,16α-二醇顯示了與大鼠前列腺較高之結合親和力,ERp 97704.doc -20- 200530263 為大乳岫列腺中主導性ER,ERa為大鼠子宮中主導性er。 根據此假定,已發現與ERa相比8β-乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(10)_三 稀3,17卜二醇及17β_氟-9α-乙烯基·雌_1,3,5(10)-三烯 -3,16心二醇顯示出與人類ERp之較高親和力,人類受體藉 由桿狀病毒(Bacul〇virus)/SF_9表達系統來表達。 自發高血屋性大鼠(SHR)中ERp促效劑8p-乙烯基·雌 -1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_317p•二醇及氟_9α乙烯基雌 1’3,5(1〇)•三烯-3,16α-二醇對血壓及心臟功能之影饗的 研究 在三個獨立研究中調查ΕΙΙβ促效劑對卵巢切除Shr之血 壓(ΒΡ)的影響,卵巢切除之SHR係已廣泛接受之高血壓性 心臟病之動物模型。作為參照使用雌二醇及類固醇ΕΙΙακ 效劑 3,17-二羥基-19-降 _ι7α_ 孕-三烯-21,16α_ 内 酉旨。 動物圈養及照料 將雌性自發高血壓性大鼠(SHR-Nico ; 12週大;Charles River Laboratories)用於實驗。使所以動物保持於標準狀況 下(例如12小時啟/閉光照週期、商業級飼料及飲水無限 制)。如下所概述隨機地將動物分派至不同治療組。藉由耳 牌將所有動物分別進行標記。 卵巢切除及治療: 將雌性大鼠(SHR ; 12週大)之卵巢切除(ovx)且根據下述 方案在ovx後一天開始治療4週。 藥物: 97704.doc -21 - 200530263 使用乙醇(EtOH)/花生油4+1作為媒劑每曰注射所有化人 物。 研究方案及血液動力學量測 群組 治療階段 動物/組 1.虛擬ΟΡ 年齡之12至16週 10 2. ovx,EtOH /花生油 年齡之12至16週 10 3. ονχ,17β-雌二醇(2pg/kgbw/d) 年齡之12至16週 10 4· ονχ,3,17β-二羥基-19-降-17a-孕 -1,3,5(10)-三稀_21,16oc-内 S旨(30 pg/kg BW/d/sc) 年齡之12至16週 10 5· ονχ,ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(10)•三烯-3,17β-二醇(30 pg/kg BW/d/sc)[或17β-敗_9a -乙烯基-雌 1,3,5(10)•三浠_3,16a-二醇(30 pg/kg BW/d/sc),分別地] 年齡之12至16週 10 將12週大之雌性SHR(Chades River*™)的卵巢切除或進行 虛擬手術(sham-operated)。自卵巢切除後一天開始隨機選擇 動物進行每日皮下注射17β-雌二醇(E2, 2 pg/kg體重/d)、選 擇性ERoc促效劑3,17β-二羥基-19-降-17oc-孕-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯 -21,16α_ 内酯(WO 02-26763)(30 pg/kg 體重/d/sc)、選擇性 £1^促效劑80_乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,170-二醇(或170_ 氟-9a-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯-3,16a-二醇,分別為30 pg/kg體重)或安慰劑。所有動物可自由獲取標準大鼠食物及 水。將 E2,3,17β-二羥基-19-降-17a-孕-1,3,5(10)-三稀 -21,16a-内酯及8β_乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,170-二醇(或 17 0-氟-9〇6_乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,16〇^二醇)溶解於乙 醇且使用花生油作為載劑物質每日進行注射,安慰劑動物 97704.doc -22- 200530263 只接收乙醇/花生油。在4週治療之後如先前所描述 (Fraccarollo D5 Hu K, Galuppo Ρ, Gaudron Ρ5 Ertl G. (1997), Circulation. 1997; 96: 3963-3973)量測血液動力學參數且使 動物安樂死。 活體内血液動力學: 量測下列各參數:收縮血壓、舒張血壓、平均血壓;左 心室射出分率(ejection fraction);左心室收縮及舒張壓以及 左心室中企壓增加及減小之速度;心輸出量、心臟指數、 心率;系統性血管阻力(systemic vascular resistance)。於異 氟烷(isofluran)麻醉下在靜止時進行所有量測。 心臟肥大: 藉由量測心臟總重量並隨後對於脛骨長度進行規格化判 定所有動物之心臟肥大。 子宮重量: 量測作為經典ERoc調控雌激素作用之指示物子宮鮮重 (fresh weight) 〇 統計 將量測值表達為來自不同動物之參數的平均值土標準偏 差(SEM)。藉由單因子變異數分析(one-way analysis of variance)(ANOVA)繼之以事後(post hoc)Bonferroni 測試來 執行統計學分析。<0.05之P值視作具有統計學上顯著性。 結果 實驗結果清楚證明了 8β-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(10)-三烯 -3,170-二醇及170-氟-9〇1-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,16〇1- 97704.doc -23- 200530263 一酉子對回血壓、心臟肥大及心臟衰竭之動物模型(shr大鼠) 之有利效應。 籲與天然雌激素雌二醇(2 pg/kg/d)及ERa促效劑3,17β-二羥 基-19-降-17α-孕-1,3,5(10)-三烯-21,16α-内酯(劑量:30
Kg/kg/d)相比,8β-乙烯基-雌],3,5(1〇)_三烯-3,17卜二醇 (劑! ·30 pg/kg/d)既未導致子宮生長之刺激亦未影響〇νχ SHR之〇vx誘發脂肪表型(圖1、圖2)。 • 8β·乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)•三烯_3,17β-二醇與媒劑治療(安 慰劑)之動物相比降低了 SHR之血壓水平。該化合物與雌 二醇及 ERa促效劑 3,17β-二羥基-19-降 _ΐ7α_孕-1,3,5(1〇)- 二烯-21,16α-内酯相比更有效(圖3)。 鲁8β-乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)-三烯_3,ΐ7β_二醇增大了雌二醇 缺損之SHR大鼠的左心室整體(gl〇bal)效能指數,諸如心 輸出量、左心室搏出量(圖4、圖5)及心臟指數。 籲與雌二醇及ERoc促效劑3,17 -二羥基-19-降-Ι7α-孕 -1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-21,16α-内酯不同,8β-乙烯基-雌 _1,3,5(1〇)-三烯-3,170-二醇導致對心臟肥大之抑制效 應’此由與安慰劑治療之大鼠相比心臟重量之降低所表 明(圖6)。 φ使用相同研究設計在獨立實驗中測試170-氟_9〇6_乙歸基_ 雌-1,3,5(10)-二稀_3,16〇6-二醇(3〇48/]<^/(1)。£1^促效劑對 81«1顯示出與80-乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(1〇兴三烯_3,17|^二醇 類似之藥理學概況(資料未圖示)。 【圖式簡單說明】 97704.doc -24- 200530263 在下列各圖中ΕίΙβ促效劑代表8β-乙烯基_雌_1,3,5(1〇)-三 烯-3,17β_二醇且ERoc促效劑代表3,17β-二羥基降-17〇6-孕-1,3,5(10)-三稀- 21,16oc -内酉旨。 圖1係展示用不同ER配位體進行治療對印巢切除 (ovx)SHR之子宮重量影響的圖解。 圖2係展示用不同ER配位體進行治療對印巢切除shr之 體重影響的圖解。 圖3係展不用不同ER配位體進行治療對印巢切除ghr之 血壓(SAP)影響(兩次研究之平均值)的圖解。 圖4係展示用不同ER配位體進行治療對印巢切除SHR之 心輸出量影響(兩次研究之平均值)的圖解。 圖5係展示用不同ER配位體進行治療對印巢切除SHR之 心搏出量(stroke volume)影響(兩次研究之平均值)的圖解。 圖6係展示用不同ER配位體進行治療對卵巢切除SHR之 心臟重量影響(兩次研究之平均值)的圖解。 97704.doc -25-
Claims (1)
- 200530263 十、申請專利範園: 1· 一種ΕΓΙβ促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_3,170_二醇 及170-氟-9〇^乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三烯_3,16〇^二醇之應 用,其係用於產製供預防及/或治療高血壓性心臟病之藥 物。 2·如請求項1之ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌-13,500)-三烯 -3,17β-二醇及 ΐ7β-氟-9oc-乙烯基-雌 _1,3,5(1〇)-三烯 -3,16α-二醇之應用,其係用於產製供預防及/或治療一或 多種選自(1)高血壓、(2)心臟肥大及(3)心臟衰竭之群之病 症的樂物。 3. 如睛求項1之ER0促效劑8β-乙浠基-雌_1,3,5(1〇)-三烯 -3,17β_ 二醇及 ΐ7β·氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 _1,3,5(10)_三烯 •3,16α-二醇之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療與雌激素缺 乏相關之心血管系統功能障礙。 4. 如請求項3之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療與高血壓相關 之血管功能障礙。 5. 如請求項4之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療與血管Ν〇(一 氧化氮)產製削弱相關之血管功能障礙。 6. 如請求項4之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療心臟衰竭。 7. 如請求項4之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療心臟肥大。 8 · 種如請求項3至7中任一項之ERp促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(1〇)_ 三烯-3,17β-二醇及 17β_ 氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5( 1〇)_三烯-3,16α-二醇於停經後女性上之應用。 9· 一種如請求項3至8中任一項之ERp促效劑8卜乙烯基_雌 97704.doc 200530263 ,,% -3,1%-二醇及 17β_ 氟-9α-乙烯基·雌 1Λ Λ ^ .-二%-3,16〇6_二醇於切除卵巢女性上之應用。 10·如滑求項3 ,,„ 、 8中任一項之现β促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌 η „ —烯·3,17β-二醇及17β_氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 — ~_3,16α_二醇於女性上之應用,該女性經以 GnRH(促性特 激素釋放激素)促效劑或GnRH拮抗劑治療。 11 ·如請求項3 s ’ 芝8中任一項之ERp促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(1〇)_ = 一細-3,17β-二醇及ι7β_氟_9α_乙烯基-雌 -1,3,5(1〇)二 —歸-3,16oc-二醇於女性上之應用,該女性經以 至少一種ip ό > 、 <目抗雌激素、SERMs(選擇性雌激素受體調節 劑)或芳香酶抑制劑之群之化合物治療。 12 · —種如請灰工苔, 貝3至7中任一項之ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β_乙浠基-雌 IW10)·二烯_3,17β_二醇及17β_氟-9α-乙烯基-雌 1’〜5(1〇)-二烯_3,16以_二醇於男性上之應用,該男性經以 至少一種選自抗雌激素、SERMs、GnRH促效劑、GnRH ί口 A si &香轉抑制劑或黃體素之群之化合物治療。 13 ·如清求項6之應用,其係用以改善心臟衰竭中降低之心輸 出里(cardiac output)及/或心搏出量(stroke volume) 〇 14. 一種如請求項13iERp促效劑8β_乙烯基-雌-三 烯_3,17β-二醇及17β_氟-9α-乙烯基·雌_1,3,5(1〇)_三烯 -3,16α-二醇於停經後女性上之應用。 15· —種如請求項14之ΕΙΙβ促效劑8β-乙烯基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)-三 烯-3,17β·二醇及17β_氟-9α-乙烯基-雌·1,3,5(1〇)_三烯 ·3,16α_二醇於切除卵巢女性上之應用。 97704.doc -2- 200530263 16·如請求項13至15中任一項於女性上之應用,該女性經以 GnRH促效劑或GnRH拮抗劑治療。 1 7.如請求項13至1 5中任一項於女性上之應用,該女性經以 至少一種選自抗雌激素、SERMs或芳香酶抑制劑之群之 化合物治療。 18. —種如請求項13或14之ERp促效劑乙烯基-雌 - 1,3,5(1〇)_三烯-3,17β_二醇及17卜氟_9α•乙烯基_雌 -1,3,5(1〇)_三烯_3,16α•二醇於男性上之應用,該男性經以 至少一種選自抗雌激素、SERMs、GnRH促效劑、GnRH 才口抗、芳香酶抑制劑或黃體素之群之化合物治療。 19·如响求項!之ERp促效劑8卜乙烯基-雌三烯 3’17P —醇及17β_氟_9α-乙浠基-雌-1,3,5(1〇)_三烯 -3’16α-一醇之應用,其係用於預防及/或治療與懷孕相關 之南血壓。 97704.doc
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| DE10027887A1 (de) | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-13 | Jenapharm Gmbh | Verbindungen mit einer Sulfonamidgruppe und diese Verbindungen enthaltende pharmazeutische Zusammensetzungen |
| US7534780B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2009-05-19 | Bayer Schering Pharma Aktiengesellschaft | Estradiol prodrugs |
| DE102005057224A1 (de) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-05-31 | Bayer Schering Pharma Ag | Prodrugs ERß-selektiver Substanzen, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und diese Verbindungen enthaltende pharmazeutische Zusammensetzungen |
| TWI389917B (zh) * | 2006-04-13 | 2013-03-21 | Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti | 作為心血管疾病治療藥物的雄甾烷與雄甾烯之氮雜環烷基衍生物 |
| TWI392682B (zh) * | 2006-04-13 | 2013-04-11 | Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti | 作為心血管疾病的治療藥物之雄甾烷和雄甾烯的胺基衍生物 |
| US9604931B2 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2017-03-28 | Gtx, Inc. | Nuclear receptor binding agents |
| US9623021B2 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2017-04-18 | Gtx, Inc. | Nuclear receptor binding agents |
| WO2008091555A2 (en) | 2007-01-22 | 2008-07-31 | Gtx, Inc. | Nuclear receptor binding agents |
| EP2143432A1 (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2010-01-13 | Bayer Schering Pharma AG | 9-alpha estratriene derivatives as ER-beta selective ligands for the prevention and treatment of intestinal cancer |
| WO2011079047A1 (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-30 | Drugtech Corporation | Methods for reducing the occurrence of preterm delivery and other pregnancy-related conditions |
| US9844558B1 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2017-12-19 | Amag Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Methods of reducing risk of preterm birth |
| US10556922B2 (en) | 2015-09-29 | 2020-02-11 | Amag Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Crystalline and amorphous forms of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SK14632002A3 (sk) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-03-04 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Substituované estratriény a ich použitie ako selektívne účinných estrogénov |
| DE10019167A1 (de) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-18 | Schering Ag | Substituierte Estratriene als selektiv wirksame Estrogene |
| GB2374412A (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2002-10-16 | Karobio Ab | Hypertension treatment and assay |
| US7414043B2 (en) * | 2002-06-11 | 2008-08-19 | Schering Ag | 9-α-substituted estratrienes as selectively active estrogens |
| DE10226326A1 (de) * | 2002-06-11 | 2004-01-15 | Schering Ag | 9-alpha-substiuierte Estratriene als selektiv wirksame Estrogene |
-
2004
- 2004-11-16 PT PT04803177T patent/PT1689410E/pt unknown
- 2004-11-16 ES ES04803177T patent/ES2307064T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-16 AT AT04803177T patent/ATE395919T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-11-16 JP JP2006540330A patent/JP2007512279A/ja active Pending
- 2004-11-16 EP EP04803177A patent/EP1689410B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-16 PL PL04803177T patent/PL1689410T3/pl unknown
- 2004-11-16 DE DE602004014020T patent/DE602004014020D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-11-16 WO PCT/EP2004/013121 patent/WO2005051401A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-11-16 DK DK04803177T patent/DK1689410T3/da active
- 2004-11-23 GT GT200400241A patent/GT200400241A/es unknown
- 2004-11-23 UY UY28630A patent/UY28630A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-24 US US10/995,552 patent/US20050148560A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-25 PA PA20048618401A patent/PA8618401A1/es unknown
- 2004-11-25 PE PE2004001154A patent/PE20050665A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-11-26 TW TW093136621A patent/TW200530263A/zh unknown
- 2004-11-26 AR ARP040104378A patent/AR046672A1/es unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005051401A2 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| DE602004014020D1 (de) | 2008-07-03 |
| DK1689410T3 (da) | 2008-09-08 |
| US20050148560A1 (en) | 2005-07-07 |
| EP1689410B1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
| ATE395919T1 (de) | 2008-06-15 |
| AR046672A1 (es) | 2005-12-14 |
| WO2005051401A3 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
| UY28630A1 (es) | 2005-06-30 |
| PL1689410T3 (pl) | 2008-10-31 |
| PE20050665A1 (es) | 2005-11-02 |
| EP1689410A2 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| GT200400241A (es) | 2005-10-31 |
| PT1689410E (pt) | 2008-08-18 |
| ES2307064T3 (es) | 2008-11-16 |
| PA8618401A1 (es) | 2005-08-04 |
| JP2007512279A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
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