200533797 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於供玻璃纖維用之上漿組合物。 【先前技術】 玻璃纖維通常在形成之後藉由可給予所要特性之上漿組 合物進行處理。如本文之使用，術語”上漿”（”size"、”sized”、 sizing”）意謂著在纖維形成之後向玻璃纖維塗覆之塗料組 合物。在其形成及處理之後，可將已上漿的玻璃纖維聚集 為包括複數根獨立纖維的束（bundle)或繩。可將該等繩纏繞 成線圈或”成型封裝”。可使該等成型封裝乾燥以自纖維移 除濕氣。對某些用途而言，通常經由諸如撚轉（twist)框架 之習知織物撚轉技術將纖維纏繞至線軸之上。 上漿組合物可起若干作用。其可用作潤滑劑及黏合劑且 可保護該等纖維不受彼此磨損之損害。 上漿組合物亦可改良纖維在進一步處理期間之效能。舉 例而言，編織過程可涉及自線軸移除纖維及引導纖維越過 或穿過可出現磨損的一系列導向條及其它接觸點。 合物亦可改良纖維在用於高速織物編織之喷氣織 :::效能。在噴氣織機中，一或多個緯紗進料系統藉由 鍤助女置為與經紗梭口交叉之由成組的中繼(relay)噴嘴所 =主喷氣喷嘴來傳送(意即，插入)緯紗至由經紗形成之 此為熟習此項技術者所熟知。 隨噴氣織機 使得將緯紗穿 在速度上已得以增加，被殖總μ 1 曰刀σ圾瑀纖維已得以改良 過經紗梭口所需要之办畜旦〜 , 而女&王虱里得以減少（”飛行 96745.doc 200533797 能力”）且/或穿過經紗梭口之時段得以減少（，，插入時間，，）。如 本文之使用，術語”飛行能力"指的是在特定時間内被傳送 穿過在固定氣壓下所固持的織機喷氣噴嘴之紗之量。如本 文之使用，術語”插入時間”為自編織循環開始紗自織機之 喷氣喷鳴檢穿織物之寬度並穿過織物之相對側的織邊或邊 緣的經歷時間。粗織孔（open)繩或2形繩可減少特定紗之飛 行能力及插入時間。然而，粗織孔繩及/或z形繩可降低最 終織物產品之品質。 因此，提供一種可改良噴氣織機之中的纖維玻璃之效能 的纖維玻璃上聚組合物為有利之舉。 【發明内容】 本發明係關於供玻璃纖維用之澱粉油型上漿組合物。該 上漿組合物可提供具有包含編織中之高飛行能力及低插入 時間之多種有利特性的玻璃纖維繩。藉由上漿組合物處理 之玻璃纖維繩可經受多種進一步處理操作，例如撚轉、斬 切、形成束、粗紡、經斬切之墊或連續繩墊或編織或編結 成布料。該等繩可適用於多種應用，例如用於印刷電路板 之布料。 在一實施例中，本發明提供一種包括澱粉混合物之供玻 璃纖維用之上漿組合物，該澱粉混合物包括在足以溶液化 至少5〇%之高黏度殿粉且足以溶液化至少50%之低黏度澱 杨之μ度下加以瘵煮的高黏度澱粉及低黏度澱粉。 在另貝知例中，本發明提供一種至少部分地由上漿組 合物塗佈之玻璃纖維。 96745.doc 200533797 在另一實施例中，本發明提供一種用於生產至少部分經 塗佈之玻璃纖維之方法，其包括向玻璃纖維塗覆上漿組合 物。 在另一實施例中，本發明提供一種編織方法，其包括將 複數根經紗饋入織機_以形成一梭口；將複數根玻璃纖維 繩饋入由經紗形成之該梭口中，其令玻璃纖維繩包括至少 部分地由上漿組合物塗佈之複數根玻璃纖維。 【實施方式】 為此說明書之目的，除非另有指示，應將用於該說明書 中的表示成分之量、反應條件等等的所有數字理解為在所 有狀況下均由術語”大約”來修飾。因此，除非相反地加以 指不，下文說明書中所陳述之數值參數為可取決於由本發 明設法獲得的所要特性而變化的近似值。絲毫不應試圖將 均等原則之應用限制於申請專利範圍之範疇，至少應鑒於 所報‘之有效數位之數目且應用普通舍入技術 來理解每一數值參數。 儘管闡明本發明之廣範疇之數值範圍及參數為近似值， 但盡可能地精確地報導在特定實例中所陳述之數值。然 而，任何數值均固有地含有不可避免的由在其個別測試量 測中發現之標準差所導致的某些誤差。 進一步，應注意：如此說明書中之使用，單數形式，，一 (a 、an )及”該”（”the”）包括複數的指示物，除非特別地 及明確地限制為單一指示物。 本發明提供一種供塗佈玻璃纖維用之含水上漿。該含水 96745.doc 200533797 上漿包括澱粉混合物，其包括高黏度澱粉及低黏度澱粉。 本發明亦提供玻璃纖維繩，其包含至少一根玻璃纖維， 且通常為複數根玻璃纖維，其中將塗料或上漿組合物塗覆 至玻璃纖維之表面的至少一部分。在一實施例中，將經塗 佈之玻璃纖維編織成織物。 畜用於噴氣織機時，由至少部分地由本發明之上漿組合 物塗佈之玻璃纖維形成的玻璃纖維繩可展示良好的飛行能 力及插入時間特性。由至少部分地由本發明之上漿組合物 塗佈之玻璃纖維形成之玻璃纖維繩可用於諸如梭織機或劍 桿織機的其它織機中。 上漿組合物之殿粉混合物包括高黏度殿粉及低黏度澱 粉。該澱粉混合物之澱粉在足以溶液化至少50%之高黏度 澱粉且足以溶液化至少50%之低黏度澱粉之溫度下加以蒸 煮。在一實施例中，澱粉混合物之澱粉在足以溶液化至少 80%之低黏度澱粉之溫度下加以蒗者。 澱粉混合物之澱粉可在與另一種澱粉相比可較大程度地 溶液化一種澱粉之溫度下加以蒸煮。在另一實施例中，澱 粉混合物之殿粉在足以溶液化至少75%之高黏度澱粉且足 以溶液化至少80%之低濃度澱粉之溫度下加以蒸煮。在另 一實施例中，澱粉混合物之澱粉在足以溶液化至少80%之 高黏度澱粉且足以溶液化至少90%之低濃度澱粉之溫度下 加以蒸煮。 如本文之使用，術語，，溶液化，，是指在溶劑中溶解物質（溶 質）。如本文之使用，術語”可溶物”是指在溶劑中溶解之物 96745.doc 200533797200533797 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a size composition for glass fibers. [Prior Art] Glass fibers are usually treated with a sizing composition that gives the desired properties after formation. As used herein, the term "size" ("size", "sized", sizing ") means a coating composition that is applied to glass fibers after fiber formation. After its formation and processing, the sized glass fibers can be aggregated into bundles or ropes including a plurality of individual fibers. These ropes can be wound into coils or "formed packages". These molded packages may be allowed to dry to remove moisture from the fibers. For some applications, fibers are usually wound onto spools via conventional fabric twisting techniques such as twist frames. Sizing compositions can serve several functions. It can be used as a lubricant and binder and protects these fibers from each other's abrasion. Sizing compositions can also improve the performance of fibers during further processing. For example, the weaving process may involve removing fibers from the spool and guiding the fibers across or through a series of guide bars and other contact points where wear may occur. The composition can also improve the performance of fibers in air-jet weaving ::: used for high-speed fabric weaving. In an air-jet loom, one or more weft feeding systems convey (meaning, insert) weft yarns by a set of relay nozzles = main air-jet nozzles that are placed across the warp shed by a helper. The formation of warp yarns is well known to those skilled in the art. With the air jet loom, the speed of weft thread penetration has been increased, and the total μ 1 fiber has been improved to meet the needs of the warp shed. The female & king louse has been reduced ("Flying" 96745.doc 200533797 capability ") and / or the period of time through the warp shed is reduced (,, insertion time ,,). As used herein, the term "flying ability" refers to the amount of yarn that is conveyed through a jet loom held at a fixed air pressure within a specific time. As used herein, the term "insertion time" is self-woven Start of loop The elapsed time of the yarn spun from the loom through the width of the fabric and passed through the weaving edge or edge of the opposite side of the fabric. The coarse open rope or 2 rope can reduce the flight ability and insertion of a specific yarn Time. However, coarse woven hole ropes and / or z-shaped ropes can degrade the quality of the final fabric product. Therefore, it is advantageous to provide a fiber glass coating composition that can improve the performance of fiber glass in air jet loom. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a starch oil type sizing composition for glass fibers. The sizing composition can provide a glass fiber rope having a variety of advantageous characteristics including high flight ability and low insertion time in weaving. The glass fiber rope treated with the sizing composition can be subjected to a variety of further processing operations, such as twisting, chopping, stranding, woolen, chopped pads or continuous rope pads, or Woven or braided into cloth. These ropes may be suitable for a variety of applications, such as cloth for printed circuit boards. In one embodiment, the invention provides a sizing composition for glass fibers including a starch mixture, the starch The mixture includes high-viscosity starch and low-viscosity starch cooked at a degree sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of a high-viscosity powder and at least 50% of a low-viscosity Dianyang poplar. In another known example, The present invention provides a glass fiber that is at least partially coated with a sizing composition. 96745.doc 200533797 In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for producing at least a portion of a coated glass fiber comprising The glass fiber is coated with a sizing composition. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a weaving method including feeding a plurality of warp yarns into a loom to form a shed; and feeding a plurality of glass fiber ropes into the warp yarns. In this shed, the glass fiber rope includes a plurality of glass fibers at least partially coated with a sizing composition. [Embodiment] For the purpose of this specification, except Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients, reaction conditions, and the like used in this specification should be understood as modified in all cases by the term "about." Therefore, unless otherwise indicated, the following The numerical parameters stated in the description are approximations that can vary depending on the desired characteristics sought to be obtained by the present invention. No attempt should be made to limit the application of the principle of equality to the scope of the patent application, at least in view of the 'significant number Numbers and the use of ordinary rounding techniques to understand each numerical parameter. Although the numerical ranges and parameters that clarify the broad scope of the present invention are approximate, the numerical values stated in the specific examples are reported as accurately as possible. However, any numerical value is It inherently contains certain errors unavoidably caused by the standard deviation found in its individual test measurements. Further, it should be noted that as used in this specification, the singular form, one (a, an), and "the" ("The") includes plural counters, unless specifically and explicitly limited to a single counter. The present invention provides an aqueous sizing for coating glass fibers. The aqueous 96745.doc 200533797 sizing includes a starch mixture including high viscosity starch and low viscosity starch. The present invention also provides a glass fiber rope comprising at least one glass fiber, and usually a plurality of glass fibers, wherein a coating or sizing composition is applied to at least a portion of a surface of the glass fiber. In one embodiment, the coated glass fibers are woven into a fabric. When used in air-jet looms, glass fiber ropes formed from glass fibers coated at least in part with the size composition of the present invention can exhibit good flight performance and insertion time characteristics. Glass fiber ropes formed at least in part from glass fibers coated with the size composition of the present invention can be used in other loom such as shuttle loom or rapier loom. The powder mixture of the sizing composition includes high viscosity powder and low viscosity starch. The starch of the starch mixture is cooked at a temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the high viscosity starch and sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the low viscosity starch. In one embodiment, the starch of the starch mixture is added at a temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 80% of the low viscosity starch. The starch of a starch mixture can be cooked at a temperature that can solubilize one starch to a greater extent than another starch. In another embodiment, the powder of the starch mixture is cooked at a temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 75% of the highly viscous starch and sufficient to solubilize at least 80% of the low-concentration starch. In another embodiment, the starch of the starch mixture is cooked at a temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 80% of high viscosity starch and sufficient to solubilize at least 90% of low concentration starch. As used herein, the term, solubilization, refers to dissolving a substance (solute) in a solvent. As used herein, the term "soluble matter" refers to what is dissolved in a solvent. 96745.doc 200533797
如本文之使用，術語π高黏度澱粉”是指當在低於125。(：之 溫度下加以蒸煮時產生少於8 0 %可溶物之殿粉。如本文之 使用’術語”低黏度澱粉η是指當在低於12 5 °C之溫度下加以 蒸煮時產生80%或更多可溶物之澱粉。 可用於本發明之上漿組合物之澱粉包括源自諸如，但不 限於玉米、小麥、馬龄薯、木薯、含壤玉米、西米、稻米、 混合澱粉等澱粉源的含直鏈澱粉之澱粉。具有高直鏈澱粉 含量（例如，50重量％或更多）之澱粉組份可自玉米澱粉或混 合玉米殿粉獲得，而具有低直鏈殿粉含量（例如，2〇至重 量％)之澱粉組份通常可自馬鈐薯或陽離子、磷化、乙氧基 化或醚化玉米澱粉獲得。 可藉由（例如）乙酸化、氯化、酸解、諸如磷化劑、乙氧 基化劑或醚化劑之衍生劑、交聯劑或酶催化作用來改質適 用於上漿組合物之澱粉。可藉由使用能與羥基在澱粉顆粒 中之兩種不同分子上發生反應之雙官能劑之處理來交聯澱 粉。 適於在本發明中用作低黏度澱粉的可購得之澱粉之非限 制性實例為由National Starch出售的Hi_Set@ 369。⑧ 369為直鏈澱粉含量為55%的環氧丙烷改質玉米澱粉。 適:在本發明中用作高黏度《的可購得之澱粉之非限 制性貫例為由Nati()nal Starxh出f的hyl⑽⑧，其直鍵殺粉 含量為58%。 當澱粉顆粒在水中蒸煮時 出現兩個主要事件··澱粉顆 96745.doc 200533797 粒膨脹且顆粒之内的諸如直鏈澱粉之物質浸出。藉由在足 以溶液化至少50%之高|占度澱粉且足以溶液化至少5〇%之 低黏度澱粉之蒸煮溫度下蒸煮澱粉混合物，澱粉混合物中 之大部分澱粉顆粒膨脹且破裂。因為大部分澱粉顆粒破 衣所以一旦冷卻之後經療煮之澱粉混合物之黏度不顯著 增加且更容易與下文描述之酯蠟相摻合。在先前技術中， 通常相信用於上漿中之澱粉或澱粉混合物之可溶物％應限 制為保持上漿之黏度處於高水準且藉此潛在地避免一旦塗 覆至玻璃纖維之後上漿之遷移。在本發明中，用於蒸煮澱 粉混合物之溫度產生相對低黏度上漿。舉例而言，在包括 HiSet® 369及Hylon®之上漿之一實施例中，上漿之黏度少 於或等於20厘泊。在足以溶液化至少5〇%之高黏度澱粉且 足以溶液化至少50%之低黏度澱粉之溫度下進一步蒸煮殿 粉混合物可改良包含於上漿組合物之中的任何油及/或蠟 之溶混性。 南黏度澱粉及低黏度澱粉之組合亦可提供由包含高黏度 殿粉所引起的經改良之繩剛性及完整性與由包含低黏度澱 粉所引起的繩可撓性及減少之斷裂長絲之間的平衡。在高 黏度殿粉包括HYLON®且低黏度殿粉包括Hi-Set® 369之一 實施例中，高黏度澱粉與低黏度澱粉之比率分別在自1.5:1 至2 ·· 1之範圍内。 上漿組合物中之澱粉混合物之總量可取決於若干因素， 其包括但不限於，由上漿塗佈之玻璃纖維或繩之飛行能力 及/或插入時間特徵之最佳化，及與上漿之其它組份的相容 96745.doc -10 - 200533797 性。在高黏度澱粉包括HYL〇N⑧且低黏度澱粉包括Hi_Set⑧ 369之一實施例中，上漿組合物中之澱粉混合物之量在刈 至60重量百分比固體之間。 上漿組合物亦可包括一或多種潤滑劑。可使用熟習此項 技術者已知的任何適當的潤滑劑。潤滑劑可用於減少長絲 間之磨損且改良經塗佈之繩之飛行能力及插入時間特徵。 有用潤滑劑之非限制性實例為非離+的及陽離子的潤滑 劑。適用於本發明之非離子潤滑劑之非限制性實例包括蠟 及油。蠟之實例包括石蠟、動物蠟、礦物蠟、石油衍生物 蠟及酯蠟。 可使用用於上漿組合物中的熟習此項技術者已知的任何 油。有用油之非限制性實例包括氫化至多種程度的植物 油，諸如棉籽油、玉米油、大豆油。適用於上漿組合物中 之其它油包括棕櫚油及椰子油。進一步，多種油之摻合亦 為有用的。適用於上漿組合物中的可購得之油的一實例為 可自C + T Refinery購得之CT7000油，其為大豆油。 在另一實施例中，上漿組合物可包括非離子潤滑劑，其 包括油及由將單羧酸與一元醇發生反應而形成之複數種酯 蠟。單羧酸及一元醇包括具有大約8個至大約32個碳原子的 脂族鏈。在上漿組合物中使用複數種酯蠟可改良噴氣織機 中之玻璃纖維繩之飛行能力及插入時間。 有用單羧酸之非限制性實例包括辛酸、癸酸、十二烧酸、 十三烧酸、十四烷酸、十五烷酸、十六烷酸、十七烧酸、 十八烧酸、十九烧酸、二十烷酸、二十二烷酸、二 96745.doc -11 - 200533797 酸、二十六烷酸及三十烷酸。 有用一元醇之非限制性實例包括十二烷醇 '正十三烷 醇、十四烷醇、正十五烷醇、十六烷醇、十七烷醇、十八 烷醇、正十九烷醇 '二十烷醇、二十六烷醇及三十烷醇。 可藉由熟習此項技術者所熟知的且諸如在Encyci〇pedia of Chemical Technology 第 9卷（198〇)第 291至 31〇 頁中揭示的 習知酯化方法來將單羧酸與一元醇發生反應而形成酯。 在另一貫施例中，複數種酯蠟之熔點在40°C與70°C之 間。在另一貫施例中，複數種酯蠟包括由使選自由辛酸、 癸酸、十二烷酸、十三烷酸、十四烷酸、十五烷酸及十六 烧酸組成之群的單魏酸與選自由十四烧醇、正十五烧醇、 十六烷醇、十七烷醇、十八烷醇、正十九烷醇、二十烷醇 組成之群的一元醇反應而形成之酯蠟。在另一實施例中， 複數種醋蠟包括由使具有8至14個碳的單羧酸與具有16至 18個碳的一元醇反應而形成之酯蠟。在另一實施例中，複 數種醋壤包括辛酸十六烧酯、辛酸十八烧酯、十二酸十六 烷酯、十二酸十八烷酯、十四酸十八烷酯及十六酸十八烷 醋。包括複數種酯蠟的市售產品之實例為可自KosterAs used herein, the term π high-viscosity starch "means a powder that produces less than 80% solubles when cooked at a temperature below 125 ° C. As used herein, the term" low-viscosity starch " η refers to starch that produces 80% or more of solubles when cooked at a temperature below 125 ° C. Starches that can be used in the sizing composition of the present invention include sources such as, but not limited to, corn, Amylose-containing starches from starch sources such as wheat, horse-fried potatoes, cassava, loamy corn, sago, rice, and mixed starch. Starch components with high amylose content (eg, 50% by weight or more) can be obtained from Obtained from corn starch or mixed corn flour, while starch components with low amylose content (for example, 20 to wt%) are typically available from mochi or cationic, phosphated, ethoxylated, or etherified corn Obtained from starch. Can be modified for sizing by, for example, acetation, chlorination, acidolysis, derivatizing agents such as phosphating agents, ethoxylating agents or etherifying agents, cross-linking agents or enzyme catalysis Starch of composition Treatment of two difunctional agents that react on two different molecules in the granules to cross-link starch. A non-limiting example of a commercially available starch suitable for use as a low viscosity starch in the present invention is Hi_Set sold by National Starch @ 369. ⑧ 369 is propylene oxide modified corn starch with an amylose content of 55%. Suitable: In the present invention, the non-limiting example of commercially available starch that is used as a high viscosity is Nati () nal Starxh's hyl⑽⑧ has a direct bond powder content of 58%. When starch granules are cooked in water, two main events occur. · Starch particles 96745.doc 200533797 The substances such as amylose are swollen and within the particles Leaching. By cooking the starch mixture at a cooking temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the high-starch starch and sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the low viscosity starch, most starch particles in the starch mixture swell and break. Because Most starch granules are broken so that once cooled, the viscosity of the cured starch mixture does not increase significantly and it is easier to blend with the ester wax described below. In the prior art, it is generally believed that The solubles% of starch or starch mixture in the sizing should be limited to keep the sizing viscosity at a high level and thereby potentially avoid the migration of the sizing once applied to the glass fibers. In the present invention, it is used for cooking The temperature of the starch mixture produces a relatively low viscosity sizing. For example, in one embodiment including HiSet® 369 and Hylon® sizing, the sizing has a viscosity of less than or equal to 20 centipoise. It is sufficient to solubilize at least 5 0% high-viscosity starch and sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of low-viscosity starch, further cooking the powder mixture may improve the miscibility of any oil and / or wax contained in the sizing composition. The combination of low-viscosity starch also provides a balance between improved rope stiffness and integrity caused by the inclusion of high-viscosity starch powder and rope flexibility and reduced broken filaments caused by the inclusion of low-viscosity starch. In one embodiment, the high-viscosity powder includes HYLON® and the low-viscosity powder includes Hi-Set® 369. In one embodiment, the ratio of the high-viscosity starch to the low-viscosity starch ranges from 1.5: 1 to 2 ·· 1, respectively. The total amount of starch mixture in the sizing composition may depend on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, optimization of the flight capabilities and / or insertion time characteristics of the sizing-coated glass fiber or rope, and the above The compatibility of other components of the pulp is 96745.doc -10-200533797. In one embodiment where the high viscosity starch includes HYLON (R) and the low viscosity starch includes Hi_Set (R) 369, the amount of the starch mixture in the sizing composition is between 刈 and 60 weight percent solids. The sizing composition may also include one or more lubricants. Any suitable lubricant known to those skilled in the art may be used. Lubricants can be used to reduce abrasion between filaments and improve the flight capability and insertion time characteristics of the coated rope. Non-limiting examples of useful lubricants are non-ionizing and cationic lubricants. Non-limiting examples of non-ionic lubricants suitable for use in the present invention include waxes and oils. Examples of the wax include paraffin wax, animal wax, mineral wax, petroleum derivative wax, and ester wax. Any oil known to those skilled in the art for use in sizing compositions can be used. Non-limiting examples of useful oils include vegetable oils hydrogenated to various degrees, such as cottonseed oil, corn oil, soybean oil. Other oils suitable for use in sizing compositions include palm oil and coconut oil. Further, blending of various oils is also useful. An example of a commercially available oil suitable for use in a sizing composition is CT7000 oil, which is commercially available from C + T Refinery, which is soybean oil. In another embodiment, the sizing composition may include a non-ionic lubricant including an oil and a plurality of ester waxes formed by reacting a monocarboxylic acid with a monohydric alcohol. Monocarboxylic acids and monohydric alcohols include aliphatic chains having from about 8 to about 32 carbon atoms. The use of a plurality of ester waxes in the sizing composition can improve the flight capability and insertion time of glass fiber ropes in air jet loom. Non-limiting examples of useful monocarboxylic acids include octanoic acid, capric acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, Undecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, behenic acid, two 96745.doc -11-200533797 acids, hexacosanoic acid, and tricosanoic acid. Non-limiting examples of useful monohydric alcohols include dodecanol'n-tridecanol, tetradecanol, n-pentadecanol, cetyl alcohol, heptadecanol, stearyl alcohol, n-nonadecane alcohol The alcohols are eicosanol, hexacosanol, and triacontanol. Monocarboxylic acids and monohydric alcohols can be produced by conventional esterification methods known to those skilled in the art and such as disclosed in Encycipedia of Chemical Technology Volume 9 (198o), pages 291-31. React to form an ester. In another embodiment, the melting point of the plurality of ester waxes is between 40 ° C and 70 ° C. In another embodiment, the plurality of ester waxes includes a monomer selected from the group consisting of octanoic acid, capric acid, dodecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, and hexadecanoic acid. Weir acid is formed by reacting a monohydric alcohol selected from the group consisting of tetradecanol, n-pentadecanyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, heptadecanol, stearyl alcohol, n-nonadecanyl alcohol, and eicosanol. Of ester wax. In another embodiment, the plurality of vinegar waxes includes an ester wax formed by reacting a monocarboxylic acid having 8 to 14 carbons with a monohydric alcohol having 16 to 18 carbons. In another embodiment, the plurality of vinegars include hexadecyl octoate, octadecyl octanoate, hexadecyl dodecanoate, octadecyl dodecanoate, octadecyl myristate, and hexadecyl Stearyl vinegar. An example of a commercially available product including a plurality of ester waxes is available from Koster
Keunen Inc·購得的 KESTER WAX 385。KESTER WAX 385 包括比率分別為9:20:20:45:3:0.1的辛酸十六烧g旨、辛酸十 八烷酯、十二酸十六烷酯、十二酸十八烷酯、十四酸十八 烷酯及十六酸十八烷酯。 非離子潤滑劑之量可取決於若干因素，諸如但不限於， 減少長絲間磨損所需的潤滑劑量及將經塗佈上漿之玻璃纖 96745.doc -12- 200533797 維之粗紡能力及插入時間特性最佳化。在非離子潤滑劑包 括KESTER WAX 385及CT7000油之一實施例中，上漿中之 非離子潤滑劑之量在25與35重量百分比固體之間且蠟與油 之比率在2:1與3:1之間。 上槳組合物亦可包括陽離子潤滑劑。在一實施例中，陽 離子潤滑劑包括烷基咪唑啉衍生物，其包括正烷基-N_醯胺 基-烷基咪唑啉類化合物。可藉由在產生閉環之條件下使脂 肪酸或羧酸與聚伸烷多元胺反應來形成此等陽離子潤滑 劑。四伸乙五胺與十八烷酸之反應為該反應之例示且美國 專利第2,200,815號中描述了此等咪唑啉。美國專利第 2,267,965、2,268,273及 2,353,837號中描述了其它口米唑琳。 有用之咪唾啉潤滑劑可以自BASF corp•以AlubraspinTM 261 /閏/月劑之名義或以Cation-X之名義而獲得。陽離子潤滑劑 之量可取決於若干因素，諸如但不限於，減少由上漿塗佈 之玻璃纖維之長絲間之磨損所需的量。在一實施例中，陽 離子潤滑劑以2.0與3.0重量百分比固體之間的量而存在。 上漿組合物亦可包括矽烷偶合劑。適用於上漿組合物中 之矽烷偶合劑包括能與纖維玻璃之表面進行化學鍵結之官 能基及能與澱粉混合物之澱粉進行化學結合之第—官妒 基。適用於上漿組合物中之矽烷偶合劑之實例為環氧官:: 石夕燒。諸如自Union Carbide Corporation的r '缩水甘油氧基 丙基三甲氧基矽烷（Α·187)之可購得之矽烷適用於上漿2 合物中。Τ藉由將石夕烧偶合劑與妓量的諸如酷酸之適當 羧酸發生反應而在使用之前將矽烷偶合劑水解至一定^ 96745.doc -13- 200533797 :二聚中之矽烷偶合劑之量可取決於若干因*，諸如伸 :限於’用於繼合物中之殿粉之類型及量、將澱粉偶 璃纖維所需之量、偶合劑與該聚之其它組份 性及由上裝塗佈之玻璃纖維之飛行能力及插入時間特徵之 ^°在域組合物之—實施财，包括卜縮水甘油氧 土丙土二甲乳基矽烷之偶合劑以自3〇至6〇重量百分比固 體範圍之中的量而存在。 視需要’上漿組合物可包括殺生物劑或殺真菌劑以控制 用於玻璃纖維的上漿溶液之有機生長。可使㈣習此項技 術者所已知的可與該上漿組合物之其它成分相容的任何適 當的殺生物劑或殺真_。在—非限制性實施例中，適用 於上漿中之殺生物劑包括氯化化合物^可料之殺生物劑 之一貫例為可自ChemTreat, Inc·購得的chemtreat CL-2141(亞甲基雙硫氰酸酯）。 視需要，上漿可包括消泡劑以控制上漿組合物中之起 泡。可使用熟習此項技術者所已知的可與該上漿組合物之 其它成分相容的任何適當的消泡劑。在一非限制性實施例 中，適用於上襞中之消泡劑包括聚醚_甘油三酸酯。適用於 上漿中的用作消泡劑之聚醚·甘油三酸酯之一實例包括可 自BASF Corp.購得之MAZU® DF-136消泡劑。 可藉由機械途徑或藉由使用乳化劑來將諸如潤滑劑之上 漿組合物之組份加以乳化。可使用適用於乳化蠟及油中的 熟習此項技術者所已知的任何乳化劑。在包括非離子乳化 劑之上漿的實施例中，可基於乳化劑之親水性/親脂性平衡 96745.doc -14- 200533797 (HLB)來遥擇礼化制，其中HLB為乳化劑之親水性（親水或 極性）及親脂性（親脂或非極性）群之大小及強度之平衡。低 HLB數字（小於9)指示性質上為親脂的乳化劑且高勵數字 (大於11)心不性質上為親水的乳化劑。適用於上聚組合物的 適當的非離子乳化劑之一實例包括可自basf c〇rp·購得之 TMAZ 8 1礼化劑，其為去水山梨糖醇單油酸酯，其為肛b 約為10之山梨糖醇自旨之環氧乙烧衍生物。有用的乳化劑之 另一實例為可購得之TWEEN81。待使用之乳化劑之量可取 決於所使用之潤滑劑及用於將其混合的裝置之類型。在包 括乳化劑之上漿組合物之一實施例中，乳化劑以3 〇至6 〇 重量百分比固體之間的量而存在。 上漿組合物亦可包括水。在包括水之上漿組合物之一實 施例中’纟包括去離子水。水以足以促進塗覆玻璃纖維之 大體上均勻之塗層的量而存在。在包括水之上漿組合物之 實施例中，上漿組合物中之固體之重量百分比在最終上漿 組合物中小於15。 士上文所述，本發明之上漿組合物可用於改良處理期間 玻璃纖維之效能。可將上漿組合物塗覆至具有多種直徑之 玻璃纖維並形成為具有多種數目之纖維之繩。在一商業上 有用之實施例中，至少部分地由上漿組合物塗佈的玻璃纖 維之直徑在8.0與11·〇微米（意即，G直徑）之間。 可藉由使用熟習此.項技術者所熟知的任何適當的方法將 上漿組合物塗覆至玻璃纖維。在一非限制性實例中，可藉 由使用塗覆器（applicator)將上漿組合物塗覆至玻璃纖維。 96745.doc -15- 200533797 美國專利第2娜2號中展示了適於將上漿組合物塗覆至 玻璃纖維之塗覆器之一實例。 一旦將上聚組合物塗覆至複數根破璃纖維，則可將咳等 複數根玻璃麟聚集成-束或—條繩。可㈣賴繞成線 圈或成型封裝。亦可將該繩在編織之前撚轉為紗或成為一 團。在-商業上有用之實施例中，該繩包括約至8〇〇根 纖維，例如G-75或G-150繩。 可藉由使用熟習此項技術者已知的任何適當的編織方法 來編織包括複數根玻璃纖維之繩，其中玻璃纖維至少部分 地由上漿組合物塗佈。 在-實施例中，用於編織之方法包括將複數根經紗饋入 織機之中以形成-梭口；及將複數根玻璃纖維繩饋入由經 紗形成之該梭口中，其中玻璃纖維繩包括至少部分地由上 漿組合物塗佈的複數根玻璃纖維。在另一實施例中，複數 根玻璃纖維之直徑在8.0與li.o微米之間。在另一實施例 中，用於編織方法中之玻璃纖維繩包括2〇〇至8〇〇根纖維。 在另一貫轭例中，用於編織方法中之織機可包括噴氣織 機。在另-實施射，用於編、織方法中之玻璃纖維繩大體 上不具有撚轉。 如本文之使用，具有"大體上無撚轉”之玻璃纖維繩是指 在纏繞於成型封裝上之後未加以撚轉之繩。應理解存在當 使纖維玻璃繩形成且纏繞成一成型封裝時所產生的成型= 裝中之纖維玻璃繩之某些撚轉。此外，當玻璃纖維繩自成 型封裝中退出（pay out)並饋入織機時纖維玻璃繩中可存在 96745.doc -16- 200533797 額外的附隨撚轉。因此，源於成型及纏繞及/或源於自成型 封裝中退出，”大體上不具有撚轉之紗”之中可具有某些撚 轉0 /在上名組合物之製備中，在添加至主要混合物之前，通 常將該等組份與水相混合並分別地加以製備。舉例而言， 可藉由混合澱粉與水並接著藉由熟習此項技術I已知的任 :方法進仃療煮來製備澱粉混合物。分別製備其它組份並 隨後將其添加至澱粉與水之混合物。 =終組合物中之水之總量通常應足以使能夠藉由使用習 知裝置及技術將組合物有效地塗覆至玻璃纖維。此通常引 起，終上漿組合物中的小於15%之固體含量。在—非限制 I*生貝施例中，上漿之固體百分比在5%與7〇/〇之間。 、一實施例之殿粉製備方法使用噴射式蒸煮鋼，當其在管 道中移動時該噴射式蒸煮锅直接將蒸汽噴射至澱粉及水之Keunen Inc. purchased KESTER WAX 385. KESTER WAX 385 includes hexadecyl octanoate, octadecyl octanoate, hexadecyl dodecanoate, octadecyl dodecanoate, tetradecanoate, and ratios of 9: 20: 20: 45: 3: 0.1. Stearyl and octadecyl hexadecanoate. The amount of non-ionic lubricant may depend on a number of factors, such as, but not limited to, the amount of lubricant required to reduce inter-filament wear and the size and size of the glass fiber that will be coated and sizing 96745.doc -12- 200533797 Optimized time characteristics. In one embodiment where the non-ionic lubricant includes KESTER WAX 385 and CT7000 oil, the amount of non-ionic lubricant in the sizing is between 25 and 35 weight percent solids and the wax to oil ratio is 2: 1 and 3: Between 1. The upper paddle composition may also include a cationic lubricant. In one embodiment, the cationic lubricant includes an alkylimidazoline derivative, which includes an n-alkyl-N-amidino-alkylimidazoline compound. These cationic lubricants can be formed by reacting fatty acids or carboxylic acids with polyalkylene polyamines under conditions that produce ring closure. The reaction of tetramethylenepentamine with octadecanoic acid is an example of this reaction and these imidazolines are described in U.S. Patent No. 2,200,815. Other orazolazoles are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,267,965, 2,268,273, and 2,353,837. Useful imidoline lubricants can be obtained from BASF corp • under the name Alubraspin ™ 261 / 闰 / monthly or under the name Cation-X. The amount of cationic lubricant may depend on a number of factors, such as, but not limited to, the amount required to reduce abrasion between the filaments of the sizing-coated glass fibers. In one embodiment, the cationic lubricant is present in an amount between 2.0 and 3.0 weight percent solids. The sizing composition may also include a silane coupling agent. Silane coupling agents suitable for use in sizing compositions include functional groups capable of chemically bonding to the surface of fiberglass and chemically bound groups that can be chemically combined with starch of starch mixtures. An example of a silane coupling agent suitable for use in a sizing composition is an epoxy resin :: Shiyaki. Commercially available silanes such as r'glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (A.187) from Union Carbide Corporation are suitable for use in sizing compounds. ΤHydrolyze the silane coupling agent to a certain level by reacting the ishiyan-yaki coupling agent with a suitable amount of a suitable carboxylic acid such as a cool acid ^ 96745.doc -13- 200533797: The amount may depend on a number of factors, such as extension: limited to the type and amount of powder used in the secondary compound, the amount required to mix the starch fiber, the coupling agent and the other components of the polymer, and the above The flight capability and insertion time characteristics of coated glass fibers are included in the composition of the field composition, including the coupling agent of glycidyloxyclay propionate dimethyl milk silane, from 30 to 60 weight percent Exist in the solid range. Optionally, the sizing composition may include a biocide or fungicide to control the organic growth of the sizing solution for glass fibers. Any suitable biocide or real killer known to those skilled in the art that is compatible with the other ingredients of the sizing composition can be made. In a non-limiting example, a biocide suitable for sizing includes chlorinated compounds. One example of a biocide that may be expected is chemtreat CL-2141 (methylene group), which is commercially available from ChemTreat, Inc. Dithiocyanate). If desired, the sizing may include a defoamer to control foaming in the sizing composition. Any suitable defoamer known to those skilled in the art and compatible with the other ingredients of the sizing composition can be used. In a non-limiting example, a suitable antifoaming agent for use in a palate includes polyether triglycerides. One example of a polyether triglyceride suitable for use as a defoamer in sizing includes MAZU® DF-136 defoamer available from BASF Corp. Components such as a lubricant sizing composition can be emulsified mechanically or by using an emulsifier. Any emulsifier suitable for emulsifying waxes and oils known to those skilled in the art can be used. In embodiments that include a non-ionic emulsifier sizing, the etiquette can be made remotely based on the hydrophilicity / lipophilicity balance of the emulsifier 96745.doc -14- 200533797 (HLB), where HLB is the hydrophilicity of the emulsifier Balance of size and strength of (hydrophilic or polar) and lipophilic (lipophilic or non-polar) groups. A low HLB number (less than 9) indicates a lipophilic emulsifier in nature and a high excitation number (greater than 11) is a hydrophilic emulsifier in nature. One example of a suitable non-ionic emulsifier suitable for use in the polymerizing composition includes TMAZ 8 1 chemotherapeutic agent, which is commercially available from basf corp, which is sorbitan monooleate, which is anal b Sorbitol's intended ethylene oxide derivative of about 10. Another example of a useful emulsifier is TWEEN81, which is commercially available. The amount of emulsifier to be used may depend on the lubricant used and the type of device used to mix it. In one embodiment that includes an emulsifier sizing composition, the emulsifier is present in an amount between 30 and 60 weight percent solids. The sizing composition may also include water. In one embodiment that includes a water sizing composition ' ' includes deionized water. Water is present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the coating of a substantially uniform coating of glass fibers. In embodiments including a water sizing composition, the weight percentage of solids in the sizing composition is less than 15 in the final sizing composition. As mentioned above, the size composition of the present invention can be used to improve the performance of glass fibers during processing. The sizing composition can be applied to glass fibers having various diameters and formed into ropes having various numbers of fibers. In a commercially useful embodiment, the diameter of the glass fibers at least partially coated with the sizing composition is between 8.0 and 11.0 micrometers (i.e., G diameter). The sizing composition can be applied to the glass fibers by using any suitable method known to those skilled in the art. In a non-limiting example, the sizing composition can be applied to glass fibers by using an applicator. An example of an applicator suitable for applying a sizing composition to glass fibers is shown in 96745.doc -15-200533797 U.S. Patent No. 2-2. Once the polymer composition is applied to a plurality of broken glass fibers, a plurality of glass fibers such as a cough can be gathered into a bundle or a rope. It can be wound into a coil or molded package. The rope can also be twisted into yarn or lumped before weaving. In a commercially useful embodiment, the rope includes about to 800 fibers, such as a G-75 or G-150 rope. A rope comprising a plurality of glass fibers can be woven by using any suitable weaving method known to those skilled in the art, wherein the glass fibers are at least partially coated with a sizing composition. In an embodiment, the method for weaving includes feeding a plurality of warp yarns into a loom to form a shed; and feeding a plurality of glass fiber ropes into the shed formed by the warp yarns, wherein the glass fiber ropes include at least A plurality of glass fibers partially coated with a sizing composition. In another embodiment, the plurality of glass fibers have a diameter between 8.0 and li.o microns. In another embodiment, the glass fiber rope used in the weaving method includes 2000 to 800 fibers. In another example of a continuous yoke, the loom used in the weaving method may include an air-jet loom. In another implementation, the glass fiber rope used in the weaving and weaving methods does not generally have twists. As used herein, a fiberglass rope with " substantially untwisted " refers to a rope that has not been twisted after being wound on a molded package. It should be understood that there are conditions when a fiberglass rope is formed and wound into a molded package. The resulting molding = some twisting of the fiberglass rope in the package. In addition, 96745.doc -16- 200533797 can be present in the fiberglass rope when the fiberglass rope is paid out from the shaped package and fed into the loom Associated with twisting. Therefore, due to forming and winding and / or from withdrawal from the forming package, "the yarn that does not have twisting substantially" may have some twisting 0 / in the composition above In the preparation, these components are usually mixed with water and added separately before being added to the main mixture. For example, starch and water can be mixed and then any of the techniques known in the art can be used. Method: Prepare a starch mixture by cooking. Prepare other components separately and then add them to the mixture of starch and water. = The total amount of water in the final composition should usually be sufficient to enable the use of conventional devices and Skill The composition is effectively applied to glass fibers. This usually results in a solids content of less than 15% in the final sizing composition. In the non-limiting I * Scallop example, the sizing solids percentage is between 5% and 7 〇 / 〇。 1. An embodiment of the method of preparing the palace powder uses a spray-type cooking steel, when it moves in a pipeline, the spray-type cooking pot directly sprays steam to starch and water.
匕口物巾#自蒸汽至混合物之添加比率將下游溫度 :制為一特定值。將混合物保持為足以溶液化至少50%之 高黏度殿粉且足以溶液化至少50%之低黏歧粉之蒸煮溫 度。藉由冷卻該混合物來中止蒸煮。 、曰可藉由任何適當途徑來將躐 '油及乳化劑與脫礦質水相 二〇亚加以礼化。一種乳化方法為將該混合物循環穿過高 壓均化泵並將其回復至相同容器。以此方法，可監控乳液 之⑽貝直至該混合物形成具有所要範圍之内的顆粒之乳 ，人另種礼化該混合物之方法為藉由使用諸如E^nbach 混合為之高剪切混合器來在—貯槽中將其㈣。接著將乳 96745.doc 17 200533797 液添加至澱粉混合物。 可將潤滑劑與水相混合並添加至混合物。矽烷偶合劑可 與水相混合並接著添加至混合物而其它成分可直接添加至 混合物。 可藉由熟習此項技術者已知的任何其它適當的方法來製 備本發明之上漿組合物並藉由使用習知技術將其塗覆至玻 璃纖維。可藉由熟習此項技術者已知的任何方法將經上漿 之纖維聚集在一起以形成繩並接著將其在烘箱中或在室溫 下乾燥使得纖維上之上漿之濕氣含量得以減少。 實例 實例1 表1描述本發明之上漿組合物之一特定實例，其自所列之 成分製備以產生約1000加侖之上漿組合物。 表1The addition ratio of dagger mouth towel # from steam to the mixture makes the downstream temperature: a specific value. The mixture is maintained at a cooking temperature sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the high-viscosity powder and sufficient to solubilize at least 50% of the low-viscosity powder. The cooking was stopped by cooling the mixture. In any case, the oil and emulsifier and the demineralized water phase can be ritualized by any appropriate means. One method of emulsification is to circulate the mixture through a high pressure homogenizing pump and return it to the same container. In this way, the shellfish of the emulsion can be monitored until the mixture forms a milk with particles in the desired range. Another way to salute the mixture is by using a high-shear mixer such as E ^ nbach mixing. Scoop it in a storage tank. Milk 96745.doc 17 200533797 was then added to the starch mixture. Lubricants can be mixed with water and added to the mixture. Silane coupling agents can be mixed with the water phase and then added to the mixture while other ingredients can be added directly to the mixture. The size composition of the present invention can be prepared by any other suitable method known to those skilled in the art and applied to glass fibers by using conventional techniques. The sizing fibers can be brought together by any method known to those skilled in the art to form a rope and then dried in an oven or at room temperature so that the moisture content of the sizing fibers is reduced . Examples Example 1 Table 1 describes a specific example of a size composition of the present invention prepared from the ingredients listed to produce about 1000 gallons of size composition. Table 1
成分 量(lbs) HYLON®澱粉 198.8 HiSet® 369澱粉 124.3 Kester Wax 385 124.3 CT-7000 油 49.7 TWEEN 81乳化劑 24.9 Alubraspin 261 潤滑劑 37.3 MAZU® DF-136消泡劑 5.0 A-187偶合劑 24.9 醋酸 1.6 CL-2141殺生物劑 50 mL 在該實例中，藉由將澱粉添加至攪動混合或漿料貯槽 (slurry tank)來製備含水上漿組合物，其中先前已向該貯槽 中添加約300加侖之脫礦質水。 96745.doc -18- 200533797 藉由將澱粉混合物自該漿料貯槽抽汲經過喷射式蒸煮鍋 來進行澱粉之瘵煮，其中將蒸汽直接喷射至澱粉混合物 中。控制瘵汽添加比率以提供約為126 5。〇(土2 2。〇)之蒸煮溫 度且將出口反壓力控制為大約27 psig(土7 psig)。蒸煮溫度 下之澱粉混合物之滯留或停留時間約為丨丨秒以蒸煮澱粉混 合物且出口溫度不高於85 。 接著將澱粉混合物導引至預設為85 yc之主要混合貯 槽。約為80加侖之量的脫礦質水用於洗滌漿料貯槽以自漿 料貯槽徹底移除生澱粉並自噴射式蒸煮鍋沖洗任何剩餘澱 粉。此洗滌水亦沖流入主要混合貯槽中。除上述方法之外， 可使用熟習此項技術者所已知的諸如開口銷蒸煮的蒸煮殿 粉之任何其它方法來溶液化高黏度澱粉並溶液化低黏度澱 粉至藉由使用喷射式蒸煮鍋所獲得之相同程度。 向包含溫度設定為約8(TC (士2.2。〇)的5〇加侖之水的分離 之乳液貯槽添加特定量之CT70〇〇、Kester Wax 385及 TWEEN 81。藉由壓力設定為25〇〇 psi之均化器來攪動該混 合物並循環貯槽之内含物。一旦已將該等成分乳化至顆粒 尺寸處於約1至3微米之範圍内之程度，則藉由均化器將乳 液轉移至主要混合貯槽。用水（8(rc)沖洗該乳液貯槽。 向另一貯槽添加約30加侖的溫（大約63。〇脫礦質水並開 始攪拌。接著添加Alubi*aspinTM261烷基咪唑啉衍生物潤滑 劑亚持續攪拌直至其溶解（約〗〇分鐘），此時將混合物轉移至 主要混合貯槽。 向主要混合貯槽直接添加MAZUDF 136消泡劑。 96745.doc -19- 200533797 向另射槽添加約30加侖的室溫（大約25°C )脫礦質水並 開始攪拌。接著添加指示量之醋酸。緩慢添加A-187矽烷偶 ^劑（不超過1 gpm之速率）且攪拌溶液直至其澄清（至少5分 知）。接著將混合物添加至主要混合貯槽。 CL-2141殺生物劑為向主要混合貯槽添加之最後成分。 接著向主要混合貯槽添加溫（63它）脫礦質水，其中脫礦質 水之里足以使上漿之總量製備為約1〇〇〇加侖，固體含量約 為6。/。’且攪拌持續至少額外之1〇分鐘。 已凡成之上漿組合物之固體百分比為6·2%(士〇·3%)，且黏 度少於20厘泊。 藉由使用塗覆器將本實例之上漿組合物塗覆至玻璃纖 維。美國專利第2,728,972號中展示了適於此應用之塗覆器 之貝例。在塗覆上漿之後，將纖維聚集在一起以形成由 多根纖維組成之繩。 實例2 在喷氣織機中，與由先前技術之上漿組合物所上漿之 G-75玻璃纖維相比，由本發明之組合物所上漿之G_75玻璃 纖維可展示改良之效能。舉例而言，由實例丨中之組合物所 上漿之G-75玻璃纖維在ZAX-e噴氣織機（Tsudakoma c〇rp·， 曰本）之主要噴嘴處需要少於4巴之氣壓而同時以1000緯紗/ 为之速率刼作。在相似條件下，由美國專利第5,393,335號 之貝例中所揭示之上漿來上漿的G_75玻璃纖維在主要噴嘴 處需要大約6巴之氣壓。因此，使用由本發明之組合物所上 漿之玻璃纖維可將在喷氣織機之主要喷嘴處所需之氣壓量 96745.doc -20- 200533797 減少20至30%(意即增加飛行能力）。 熟習此項技術者將瞭解可不偏離本發明之廣發明概念對 上述之實施例進行改變。因此應理解本發明不侷限於所揭 示之特定實施例，而意欲覆蓋由附屬申請專利範圍所界定 的本發明之精神及範疇之内的修正。 96745.doc -21 -Ingredients (lbs) HYLON® starch 198.8 HiSet® 369 starch 124.3 Kester Wax 385 124.3 CT-7000 oil 49.7 TWEEN 81 emulsifier 24.9 Alubraspin 261 lubricant 37.3 MAZU® DF-136 defoamer 5.0 A-187 coupling agent 24.9 acetic acid 1.6 CL-2141 Biocide 50 mL In this example, an aqueous sizing composition was prepared by adding starch to an agitated mixing or slurry tank, to which approximately 300 gallons of desulfurization had been previously added. Mineral water. 96745.doc -18- 200533797 The stewing of starch is performed by drawing the starch mixture from the slurry storage tank through a spray cooking pot, in which steam is directly sprayed into the starch mixture. The radon addition ratio is controlled to provide approximately 126 5. (Soil 2 2.0) and control the outlet back pressure to approximately 27 psig (soil 7 psig). The retention or residence time of the starch mixture at the cooking temperature is about 丨 seconds to cook the starch mixture and the outlet temperature is not higher than 85 ° C. The starch mixture is then directed to a main mixing tank preset to 85 yc. An amount of about 80 gallons of demineralized water is used to wash the pulp storage tank to completely remove raw starch from the pulp storage tank and rinse any remaining starch from the jet cooker. This wash water is also flushed into the main mixing tank. In addition to the methods described above, any other method known to those skilled in the art, such as split pin cooking, can be used to solubilize high-viscosity starches and solubilize low-viscosity starches by using a spray cooking pot. Get the same degree. To a separate emulsion storage tank containing 50 gallons of water set to a temperature of about 8 (TC (± 2.2 °)) was added a specific amount of CT70, Kester Wax 385, and TWEEN 81. By setting the pressure to 250,000 psi A homogenizer to agitate the mixture and circulate the contents of the tank. Once the ingredients have been emulsified to a point where the particle size is in the range of about 1 to 3 microns, the emulsion is transferred to the main mix by a homogenizer Tank. Rinse the emulsion tank with water (8 (rc). Add about 30 gallons of warm (about 63. demineralized water to the other tank and start stirring. Then add Alubi * aspinTM261 alkyl imidazoline derivative lubricant sub-continuously Stir until it dissolves (about 0 minutes), at which point the mixture is transferred to the main mixing tank. MAZUDF 136 defoamer is added directly to the main mixing tank. 96745.doc -19- 200533797 Add another 30 gallon chamber to the other shot tank Warm (about 25 ° C) demineralized water and start stirring. Then add the indicated amount of acetic acid. Slowly add A-187 silane coupling agent (at a rate not exceeding 1 gpm) and stir the solution until it is clear (at least 5 minutes) . Add the mixture to the main mixing tank. CL-2141 biocide is the final ingredient added to the main mixing tank. Then add warm (63 it) demineralized water to the main mixing tank, where the demineralized water is sufficient to sizing The total amount is prepared at about 10,000 gallons, the solids content is about 6%, and the stirring is continued for at least an additional 10 minutes. The solids percentage of the finished sizing composition is 6.2% (± 0.5%) · 3%), and the viscosity is less than 20 centipoise. The size composition of this example is applied to glass fibers by using a coater. U.S. Patent No. 2,728,972 shows a coater suitable for this application. Example. After coating and sizing, the fibers are gathered together to form a rope composed of multiple fibers. Example 2 In an air-jet loom, G-75 glass fibers sized with a prior art sizing composition In comparison, G-75 glass fibers sizing from the composition of the present invention can show improved performance. For example, G-75 glass fibers sizing from the composition in Example 丨 on a ZAX-e air-jet loom (Tsudakoma c 〇rp · ， Japanese version) Requires an air pressure of less than 4 bar while working at a rate of 1,000 wefts / at the same time. Under similar conditions, the sizing of G_75 glass fiber, as disclosed in the US Pat. No. 5,393,335, is at the main nozzle. An air pressure of about 6 bar is required. Therefore, the use of glass fibers sizing from the composition of the present invention can reduce the amount of air pressure required at the main nozzle of the air-jet loom 96745.doc -20- 200533797 (meaning that Increase flight capability). Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments can be changed without departing from the broad inventive concept of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the appended patent application. 96745.doc -21-