TW200919992A - Multi-port accumulator for radio-over-fiber (RoF) wireless picocellular systems - Google Patents

Multi-port accumulator for radio-over-fiber (RoF) wireless picocellular systems Download PDF

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TW200919992A
TW200919992A TW97127849A TW97127849A TW200919992A TW 200919992 A TW200919992 A TW 200919992A TW 97127849 A TW97127849 A TW 97127849A TW 97127849 A TW97127849 A TW 97127849A TW 200919992 A TW200919992 A TW 200919992A
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Taiwan
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rof
cable
interrogators
tail
pico
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TW97127849A
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Eric Raymond Logan
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Corning Cable Sys Llc
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/80Optical aspects relating to the use of optical transmission for specific applications, not provided for in groups H04B10/03 - H04B10/70, e.g. optical power feeding or optical transmission through water
    • H04B10/806Arrangements for feeding power
    • H04B10/808Electrical power feeding of an optical transmission system
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H04B10/25754Star network topology
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08Access point devices
    • H04W88/085Access point devices with remote components

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Description

200919992 九、發明說明. 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明大體上係關於無線通信系統,且特定而言係關 於用於光纖傳送無線電(RoF)通信之基於光纖的無線微微 蜂巢式系統之詢答機及詢答機系統及方法。 【先前技術】
無線通信迅速增長’帶來對高速行動資料通訊不斷增 加的需求。例如,所謂“無線保真”或“ WiFi”系統及無 線區域網路(WLAN)正部署在許多不同類型之區域中(咖啡 店、機場、庫等)。無線通信系統與稱作“用戶端”之無線 裝置通信’用戶端必須駐留於該無線範圍或“蜂巢覆蓋區 域”内以便與該存取點裝置通信。 一種部署一無線通信系統之方法涉及使用“微微蜂巢 (picocells ) 微微蜂巢係具有在自大約幾米至多達大 約20米之範圍中之一半徑的射頻(RF)覆蓋區域。因為一微 微蜂巢覆蓋-較小區域,所以通常每微微蜂巢僅有幾個使 用者(用彳4)。微微蜂巢亦允許在較小區$中進行選擇性 無線覆蓋,否則當藉由習知基地台建立之更大單元覆蓋 時,這些區域將具有不良的訊號強度。 一-飞木栉田一運接至— 制器之無線存取點裴置建立,並 ^ . ”上位於中心仅置 無線存取點裝置包含數位資訊處理電 置 機/接收機及一天線,該天狳 ^ 、頰 線了刼縱地連接至該射 /接收機。一既定微微蜂巢 發 啤果之大小係藉由該存取點装置 200919992 之射頻功 環境,以. 敏性決定 - 性,以便 蜂巢大小 可建立一 微蜂巢式 <、 可通過該 先前 統,其中 處理單元 特定而言 執行於該 器啟動且 取點裝置 光纖 ij 以將該等 射頻光訊 (EM)訊號 等RoF詢 . 該等RoF 過程。 儘管 存在某些 率之數量、該接收機靈 « & , 注 天線增益及該射概 及藉由該無線用戶端裝置 射頻 。用戶端裝置通常具有—饵靈 該存取點裝置之該等上敏 。人μ W f生主要地決定該微微 口併連接至該頭端控制器 ά Ά ^ m 裔之右干存取點裝置, 微微蜂巢陣列,該微 ▼果暉列覆盍一稱作“微 區域”之區域。-緊密封裝微微蜂巢式陣列 微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域提供高細戶資料通量。 技術之無線系統及網路俜 斗各 ,塔係基於有線的訊號分散系 該存取點裝置被處理為連結至-中央纟置之單獨 。這使得該無線系統/網路相對複雜且難以縮放, ’當許多微微蜂巢需要覆蓋-大區域時。再者, 存取點裝置之數位資訊處理需要藉由該頭端控制 控制此等裝置’這進一步令該分散及使用幕多存 以產生一大微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域之過程複雜化。 傳送無線電(RoF)無線微微蜂巢式系統利用光纖 射頻訊號傳輸至R〇F詢答機,由R〇F詢答機將該 號轉換為電氣射頻訊號,然後轉換為無線電磁 ,且反之亦然。與習知無線系統存取點不同,該 答機大體上不要求任何訊號處理功能,藉此簡化 钩答機之分散以產生一大微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域之
RoF無線微微蜂巢式系統大體上係穩壯的,但仍 缺點。一缺點係關於在製造及部署—具有_^線性 200919992 詢答機陣列之光纖電纜方面相對較為困難。每一詢答機 要光學上耦接至一上鏈結光纖及一下鏈結光纖以及至一 源線(通常經由一 “系鏈電纜”)。此涉及如下冗長且非 耗時之處理:存取該上鏈結及下鏈結光纖及該電纜中之 源線,編接該光纖及電源線,然後將其連接至該詢答機 用於分散詢答機之該線性陣列方法之另一缺點係在於, 旦部署該系統,該方法不易於可調整。這使得難以快速 廉價地變更該微微蜂巢覆蓋區域,以適應該特定無線環 之該等變更之需求或結構。 【發明内容】 本發明之一態樣係一多埠累加器設備,其用於可操 地支援兩個或兩個以上R〇F詢答機,及用於將一連接提 至一尾端電纜,該尾端電纜承載上鏈結及下鏈結光訊號 電源。該設備包含一殼體及藉由該殼體支援之兩個或兩 以上RoF詢答機埠,每一 RoF詢答機埠經組態以可操縱 連接至該等RoF詢答機之一者。該設備亦包含一藉由該 體支援且經組態以可操縱地連接至該尾端電纜之尾端電 埠。該尾端電纜埠光學上及電子上連接至每一 RoF詢答 埠,以便向每一 RoF詢答機提供該上鏈結及下鏈結光訊 及該電源。 本發明之另一態樣係一種形成一 R〇F無線微微蜂巢 覆蓋區域之方法。該方法包含可操縱地支援兩個或兩個 上RoF詢答機於一殼體上,且經由一尾端電纜將用於該 RoF詢答機之下鏈結光訊號提供至該殼體上之一尾端電 需 電 常 電 及 境 縱 供 及 個 地 殼 纜 機 號 式 以 等 纜 7 200919992 埠。該方 或多個該 獻於形成 " 本發 一 RoF 無 包含一殼 每 一 RoF € 之一者。 V. 耦接至複 RoF詢答 該尾端電 埠,以便 本發 且自如本 等其他特 說明包含 ί J 該等圖式 應瞭 發明之具 • 性及特徵 . 對本發明 分。該等 施方式一 相應 法更包含通過該殼體將該下鏈結光訊號分散至一 等RoF詢答機’以致使該一或多個RoF詢答機貢 一微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域。 明之另一態樣係一多埠累加器設備,其用於支援 線微微蜂巢式系統之複數個R 〇 F詢答機。該設備 體,及藉由該殼體支援之複數個R〇F詢答機埠° 詢答機埠經調適以可操縱地連接該等R〇F詢答機 該設備亦包含一尾端電纜,其於該殼體内光學上 數個RoF詢答機埠,以便為該尾端電纜與複數個 機埠之間之上鏈結及下鏈結光訊號提供光傳輸。 緵亦於該殼體内電子上耦接至複數個RoF詢答機 為複數個RoF詢答機埠之每一者提供電源。 明之其他特徵及優點將在以下實施方式中闡釋, 文所述之本發明之說明或藉由其實施而認識,此 徵及優點將易於為熟習此項技術者顯而易見,該 以下之實施方式、該等申請專利範圍,以及隨附 〇 解,上述一般性說明及以下實施方式均係描述本 體實施例’且意欲為瞭解如所主張之本發明之本 提供一概述或架構。包含隨附該等圖式係以提供 之又一瞭解,且將其併入及構成本說明之一部 圖式圖解說明本發明之各種具體實施例,且與實 起’用於解釋本發明之原理及操作。 地’在圖中未盡顯示所有各種基本電子電路元件 8 200919992 及訊號調節組件,諸如偏置接頭、射頻篩選器、放大器、 功率分配器等等,以便於說明及圖解說明。熟習此項技術 者將顯而易見,此等基本電子電路元件及組件在本發明之 該等系統中之應用。 【實施方式】 現在詳細參考本發明之某些具體實施例,其實例在隨 附該等圖式中圖解說明。只要可能,相同或類似參考編號 用於所有圖式中以引用相同或類似部件。 通用基於光纖的R〇F無線微微蜂巢式系統 第1圖係一基於光纖的R〇F無線微微蜂巢式系統10 之一通用實例具體實施例之示意圖。系統1 〇包含:一頭端 單元20 ; —分散單元26 ;至少一 RoF詢答機單元(“詢 答機” )30; —主要光纖射頻通信連結34,其光學上將該 頭端單元耦接至該分散單元;及至少一次要光纖射頻通信 連結3 6,其將一或多個詢答機耦接至該分散單元,因此於 該詢答機與該頭端單元之間建立一連接。在一實例具體實 施例中,光纖射頻通信連結3 4及3 6包含至少一光纖,且 較佳地包含兩個光纖(例如,上鏈結及下鏈結光纖,如以 下所討論)。如以下所詳細討論的,系統1 0經調適以形成 一微微蜂巢40,其實質上圍繞詢答機30居中放置。一或 多個詢答機30形成一微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44。分散單元 2 6經調適以將該主要光纖射頻通信連結3 4劃分為若干次 要光纖射頻通信連結(以下稱,“尾端電纜” )3 6,其促 進在一既定基礎結構中分散若干詢答機30。 9 200919992 頭端單元20經調適以執行或以促進若干RoF應用之 任一者,諸如射頻辨識(RFID)、無線區域網路(WLAN)通信 或行動電話服務,以提供非限制性實例。顯示在微微蜂巢 40之内的係以一電腦之形式之一用戶端裝置45。用戶端裝 置4 5包含一天線4 6 (例如,一無線卡),其經調適以接收 及/或發送無線電磁射頻訊號。 第2圖係一詳細示意圖,其顯示第1圖之系統1 0之頭 端單元2 0之一實例具體實施例。頭端單元2 0包含一服務 單元50,其為一特定無線服務或應用提供電氣射頻服務訊 號。在一實例具體實施例中,服務單元5 0藉由自一或多個 外部網路5 2傳遞(或調節然後傳遞)此等訊號,來提供電 氣射頻服務訊號。在一特定實例具體實施例中,此包含如 IEEE 8 02.1 1標準中之規定提供無線區域網路訊號分散, 即,在自2.4至2.5千兆赫及自5.0至6.0千兆赫之頻率範 圍内。在另一實例具體實施例中,服務單元5 0藉由直接產 生該訊號來提供電氣射頻服務訊號。在另一實例具體實施 例中,服務單元50協調在微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44之内用 戶端裝置之間該等電氣射頻服務訊號之遞送。 服務單元50電子上耦接至一電光(E/0)轉換器60,該 電光(E/0)轉換器60自該服務單元接收一電氣射頻服務訊 號,且將其轉換為一對應光訊號。在一實例具體實施例中, E/0轉換器60包含適合於為本發明該等光纖發送射頻應用 提供充分動態範圍之一雷射,且視需要包含一電子上耦接 至該雷射之雷射驅動器/放大器。E/0轉換器60之適當雷 10 200919992 射之貝例包含雷射二極體、分散回饋(dfb)雷射、 Fabry-Per〇t (FP)雷射’及垂直空腔表面發射雷射(vcsel)。 頭端單元20亦包含一光電(〇/E)轉換器62,其電子上 耗接至服務單tl 5G。Ο/e轉換器62接收-光射頻服務訊 號並將其轉換為一對應電氣訊號。在一實例具體實施例 中’ Ο/E轉換器係一光探測器,或一電子上麵接至一線性
放大器之光探測器。E/〇 M 轉換60及O/E轉換器62構成 ί. 一“轉換器對單元” 66。 在一實例具體實施例中 調變/解調器(Μ/D)單元7〇 ①匕3—射頻訊號 一產生一既定頻率之一射頻載 然後將射頻訊號調變至該載體上,且亦解調變接收之 射頻訊號。服務單…包含數位訊號處理單二 :11號處理器)72 ’ -中央處理單元(CPU) 74,其用於 :理資料及以其他方式執行邏輯及計算操作…記= =76丨用於儲存資料,諸如rfid標籤資訊或待通過 該‘,,、線區域網路傳輸之資料。在一實例具體實施例十,虚 該等不㈣號通道㈣聯之料不㈣率係藉纟M/D單 疋7〇建立’其基於來自中央處理器74之指令產生 頻載體頻率。同時,如以下之所述, :同射 m , 符疋組合微微蜂 巢相關聯之該等公共頻率藉* Μ/D單元70建 相同射頻載體頻率》 、
第3圖係第!圖之系…。之部分之實例具體實施例之 洋細不意圖’纟包含分散單元26及詢答機3〇。詢答機 包含一轉換器冑66,其中,該E/Ο轉換器60及其中之〇/E
200919992 轉換器 6 2經由諸如一回圈器之一射頻訊號導向元件 於電子上耦接至一天線系統100。訊號導向元件106 指引該等下鏈結及上鏈結電氣射頻服務訊號,如以下 論。在一實例具體實施例中,天線系統1 00包含一或 方向性接線天線,諸如申請於2 0 0 6年8月1 6日之美 利申請序列號碼1 1 /5 04,999中之揭示,該專利申請以 方式併入本文。在另一實例具體實施例中,天線系統 增強之方向性,諸如申請於2007年2月6日之美國專 請序列號碼1 1 /7〇3,0 1 6中之揭示,該專利申請以引用 併入本文。以下更詳細地討論天線系統1 0 〇。詢答機 包含一殼體 1 02,其在一實例具體實施例中容納某些 有各種詢答機元件。在一實例具體實施例中,某些或 天線系統1 00位於殼體1 02外部。在一實例具體實施^ 殼體102僅容納組成轉換器對單元66之該等元件。 第4圖係詢答機3 0之一替代實例具體實施例之特 圖,其中天線系統100包含兩個天線:一電子上耦接至 轉換器62之傳輸天線101T,及一電子上耦接至E/0 器60之接收天線1 0 1 R。該雙天線具體實施例避免了 訊號導向元件1 0 6之需要。亦注意,第3圖中之詢答 之實例具體實施例包含轉換器對單元6 6内之D C功率 器180,且天線系統100在殼體102之内。第4圖亦 說明一實例具體實施例,其中詢答機3 0包含一連接器 其經調適以連接至尾端電纜 36上之一對應連接器 3 7。第4圖亦圖解說明一實例具體實施例,其至少包 106 用於 所討 多個 國專 引用 具有 利申 方式 30亦 或所 所有 内中, 寫視 .0/E 轉換 射頻 機30 轉換 圖解 3 1 > 插頭 含一 12 200919992 天線反射器1 04,該天線反射器1 04相對天線系統1 00佈 置,以便增強該天線系統之方向性,諸如上述美國專利申 請序列號碼1 1/703,0 1 6中之所述。 本發明之詢答機3 0不同於與非RoF無線通信系統相 關聯之典型存取點裝置,其在於該詢答機之該較佳具體實 施例僅具有幾個訊號調節元件,且無數位資訊處理功能。 相反,該資訊處理功能位於頭端單元2 0之遠端,且在一特 定實例中,在服務單元5 0中。這允許詢答機3 0非常緊湊 且幾乎無需維護。此外,詢答機3 0之較佳實例具體實施例 功率消耗很小,對射頻訊號透明,且不需要一區域電源, 如以下之所述。 參考第2圖及第3圖,在一實例具體實施例中,光纖 射頻通信連結 34及尾端電纜 36包含至少一下鏈結光纖 1 3 6D及至少一上鏈結光纖1 3 6U。光纖射頻通信連結3 4中 之下鏈結及上鏈結光纖136D及136U光學上將頭端單元 20之轉換器對66耦接至分散單元26,同時尾端電纜36 中之該下鏈結及上鏈結光纖將該分散單元2 6連接至詢答 機30處之該轉換器對。因此,每一詢答機30光學上耦接 至頭端單元20。 在一實例具體實施例中,本發明之該基於光纖的無線 微微蜂巢式系統1 〇利用一習知電信波長,諸如8 5 0奈米、 1 3 00奈米,或1 5 5 0奈米。在另一實例具體實施例中,系 統1 0利用其他較少見但適當之波長,諸如9 8 0奈米。 系統1 0之實例具體實施例包含單模光纖或多模光 13 200919992 纖,以用於下鏈結及上鏈結光纖136D及136U。光纖之特 定類型依賴於系統1 0之應用。對於許多内建部署應用,最 大傳輸距離通常不超過300米。當考慮使用多模光纖用於 下鏈結及上鏈結光纖1 3 6D及1 3 6U時,需要考慮所期望 R〇F傳輸之最大長度。舉例而言,已顯示一 1400MHz.km 多模光纖頻寬一距離產品足夠用於高達3 0 0米之5 · 2千兆 赫傳輸。 在一實例具體實施例中,本發明利用5 0微米多模光纖 用於該下鏈結及上鏈結光纖13 6D及13 6U,及E/Ο轉換器 60,該E/Ο轉換器60操作於850奈米,且使用指定用於 10Gb/s資料傳輸之商業上可用VCSEL。在一更特定實例具 體實施例中,OM3 50微米多模光纖用於該下鏈結及上鏈 結光纖136D及136U。 無線系統 1 0亦包含一電源 1 6 0,其產生一電源訊號 162。電源160電子上耦接至頭端單元20,以用於為其中 之該等功率消耗元件提供電源。在一實例具體實施例中, 一電源線168穿過該頭端單元且穿過分散單元26連接至每 一詢答機30,以為轉換器對66中之E/Ο轉換器60及0/E 轉換器62、該可選射頻訊號導向元件1 06 (除非元件1 06 係一被動裝置,諸如一回圈器),及任何其他功率消耗元件 (未顯示)提供電源。以替代方式,電源線1 6 8連接自分 散單元26,其視需要亦可包含一電源160(第3圖)。在一 實例具體實施例中,電源線1 68包含兩個導線1 70及1 72, 其承載單一電壓且電子上耦接至詢答機30處之一 DC功率 14 200919992 轉換器180。DC功率轉換器180電子上耦接至E/O轉換器 60及Ο/E轉換器62,且變更該電壓或位準電源訊號162 為詢答機3 0中之該等功率消耗組件所需之該(等)功率位 準。在一實例具體實施例中,根據由電源線1 6 8承載之電 源訊號162之類型,DC功率轉換器180可為一 DC/DC功 率轉換器或一 AC/DC功率轉換器。在一實例具體實施例 中,電源線1 6 8包含標準電功率輸送電線,諸如一用於標 準電信及其他應用之銅芯雙絞線(例如,1 8-26 AWG (美 國線規))。在另一實例具體實施例中,電源線1 6 8 (虛線) 直接自電源160連接至詢答機30,而非自或通過頭端單元 2 0。在另一實例具體實施例中,電源線1 6 8包含兩個以上 導線且承載多個電壓。 在一實例具體實施例中,頭端單元2 0經由一網路連結 5 3可操縱地耦接至一外部網路5 2 (第2圖)。 多埠累加器 如上所述,一利用一線性詢答機陣列之R〇F無線微微 蜂巢式系統具有某些與其製造及部署相關之缺點。相應 地,藉由將詢答機3 0併入一更緊湊且可更輕鬆製造及部署 之RoF無線微微蜂巢式系統,本發明之一態樣致力於解決 此等及其他缺點。 第5圖係根據本發明一多埠累加器設備2 0 0 ( “多埠 累加器”)之一實例具體實施例之示意透視圖。多埠累加 器200包含一殼體202,其具有若干側壁204、一頂端壁 206及一底部壁208。殼體202包含兩個或兩個以上詢答機 15 200919992 連接器埠2 1 2,其形成於對應之兩個或兩個以上側壁204 中。第5圖之多埠累加器200圖解說明一矩形(方形)殼 體 2 02之一實例異體實施例,其具有四個側壁 204A、 204B、204C及204D,四個側壁分別帶有四個關聯R〇F詢 答機連接器淳(“詢答機埠” )212A、212B、212C及212D。 殼體202在頂端壁206上亦包含一尾端電纜埠214。殼體 2 02可大體上由若千適當材料製成,諸如金屬或塑膠。 第6圖係移除頂端壁206後多琿累加器200之平面視 圖,其顯示尾端電纜連接器埠(“尾端電纜埠” )214及 四個詢答機30A、30B、30C及30D,其經由關聯詢答機埠 212人、2123、212(:及2120可操縱地耦接至該裝置。針對 每一詢答機埠212’裝置200包含光纖部分236U及236D, 其對應於尾端電纜36中之上鏈結及下鏈結光纖ι36υ及 136D。因此’每一光纖部分236UA及236DA光學上於一 端連接至詢答機埠212A’且於其相對端連接至尾端電纜埠 214等等。 同樣’針對每一詢答機埠212,裝置200包含一電源 線部分268’其於一端連接至該詢答機埠且於其相對端連 接至尾端電纜埠214。因此,電源線部分268A電子上連接 詢答機埠212A至尾端電纜埠214等等。 第7圖係第6圖之多埠累加器2〇〇之侧視圖,其顯示 使用連接至尾端電纜埠214之尾端電纜連接器插頭37,將 尾端電缓3 6連接至該多埠累加器。第8圖係移除側壁2〇4B 後,如第7圖中所示之裝置2〇〇之側視圖,其圖解說明尾 16 200919992 端電纜埠 214 及詢答機埠 212C 之間經由光纖 236UC、236DC及電源線部分168C之光及電氣連接。 詢答機埠2 1 2 A、2 1 2B及2 1 2 C類似地連接至尾端電 214 ° 第9圖及第10圖分別類似於第7圖及第8圖,且 說明在一不要求尾端電纜埠2 1 4之預接型組態中多埠 器2 0 0及尾端電纜3 6之一實例具體實施例。在該預接 態具體實施例中,不同於使用單獨光纖部分2 3 6U及 連接至每一射頻詢答機埠2 1 2,上鏈結及下鏈結光纖 及136D自該尾端電纜中剝離出來且直接連接至關聯 詢答機埠。 在一實例具體實施例中,尾端電纜3 6在多埠累 200之相對端包含一連接器插頭37,以用於連接至在 合連接器通訊端27處之分散單元26 (第3圖)。類伯 本發明之此外各具體實施例包含類似於尾端電纜36 端電纜,其包含一類似於該連接器插頭37之連接器指 而非電纜埠,諸如電纜埠2 1 2A-2 1 2D ’以連接該詢答 諸如詢答機3 0。本發明之再此外各具體實施例包含帶 久安裝電纜總成之多埠累加器,詢答機永久連接至該 纜總成。 使用多埠累加器之一般操作方法 第1 1圖係一 RoF無線微微蜂巢式系統1 0之一實 體實施例之示意圖,其類似於在第1圖中顯示之R〇F 微微蜂巢式系統,但使用根據本發明之一或多個多埠 部分 其他 纜埠 圖解 累加 型組 23 6D 1 36U 射頻 加器 一配 〔地, 之尾 ,頭, 機, 有永 等電 例具 無線 累加 17 200919992 器200以部署詢答機30。請注意,在第11圖中位於最下 面的多埠累加器係在上述結合第9圖及第1 0圖討論之預接 型組態中。 參考第11圖以及第2圖,在頭端單元20中之系統10 服務單元5 0之操作中,產生一對應於其特定應用之電氣下 鏈結射頻服務訊號S D ( “電氣訊號S D ” )。在一實例具體 實施例中,這藉由向射頻Μ/D單元70提供一電氣訊號(未 顯示)之數位訊號處理器72來完成,該電氣訊號被調變至 一射頻載體上以產生一所需電氣訊號SD。 電氣訊號SD由E/Ο轉換器60接收,E/Ο轉換器60 將此電氣訊號轉換為一對應光下鏈結射頻訊號S D1 ( “光
訊號SD’” ),接著該訊號被導向主要光纖射頻通信連結34 之若干(例如,五個)下鏈結光纖1 3 4 D。在此注意,在一 實例具體實施例中,光訊號S D'可自訂以具有一既定調變 索引。此外,在一實例具體實施例中,控制E/Ο轉換器60 之調變功率(例如,藉由一或多個增益控制放大器,未顯 示)以改變源自天線系統1 00之傳輸功率。在一實例具體 實施例中,改變提供至天線系統1 0 0之功率量,以界定該 關聯微微蜂巢40之微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44之大小。 光訊號 SD’通過下鏈結光纖 134D傳輸至分散單元 26,分散單元26用於將訊號SD'導向該等五個尾端電纜36 之下鏈結光纖136D。光訊號SD\然後通過該等各自尾端電 纜3 6傳输至該關聯多埠累加器200。在每一下鏈結光纖 13 6D中之光訊號SD'接著經由尾端電纜埠214被導向該關 18 200919992 聯下鏈結光纖部分2 3 6 D,且因此被導向該關聯詢答機連接 器埠212。然後,每一光訊號SD'由Ο/E轉換器62接收於 該關聯詢答機30中。每一 Ο/E轉換器62將光訊號SD'轉 換回電氣訊號SD,然後將電氣訊號SD傳輸至訊號導向元 件1 0 6。訊號導向元件1 0 6然後將電氣訊號S D導向天線系 統1 0 0。電氣訊號S D被回饋至天線系統1 0 0,促使其輻射 一對應電磁下鏈結射頻訊號S D "( “電磁訊號S D " ” ,以 建立一關聯微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域。 第12圖係第1 1圖之該等多埠累加器2 0 0之一者之特 寫平面視圖,顯示與該多埠累加器關聯之微微蜂巢式覆蓋 區域44。因為由多埠累加器200支援之每一詢答機30之 天線系統1 00係方向性的,微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44由兩個 或兩個以上子區域 44A、44B......等組成,該等區域諸如 第12圖中所示之子區域44A、44B、44C及44D。如果一 用戶端裝置45係在該微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域之一者(例 如,如第12圖中所示之子區域4 4A)之内,則該用戶端裝 置將經由用戶端裝置天線46(第1圖)接收電磁訊號SD I’, 該用戶端裝置天線4 6可為一無線卡之一部分,或舉例而言 可為一行動電話天線。天線46在該用戶端裝置中將電磁訊 號SD"轉換為電氣訊號SD (訊號SD未顯示於其中)。用 戶端裝置4 5然後處理電氣訊號S D,例如,將該訊號資訊 儲存在記憶體中,將該資訊顯示為一電子郵件或文字訊息 等等。 在一實例具體實施例中,用戶端裝置4 5產生一電氣上 19 200919992 鏈結射頻訊號SU (未顯示在該用戶端裝置中),該 由天線46被轉換為一電磁上鏈結射頻訊號SU’’( “ 號 SU”” )。 因為用戶端裝置 45定位於微微蜂巢式覆蓋 44A内,所以藉由該詢答機30A之天線系統1 00偵 磁訊號S U "。天線系統1 0 0將電磁訊號S U ”轉換回 號SU。電氣訊號SU由訊號導向元件106導向E/0 60,E/Ο轉換器60將此電氣訊號轉換為一對應光上 頻訊號SU'( “光訊號SU'” ),接著該光訊號SLT 機埠2 1 2 A處被導入上鏈結光纖部分23 6U。光訊號 過光纖部分236U傳輸至尾端電纜埠214,該尾端 214用於將此光訊號導向連接至該尾端電纜埠之該 端電纜3 6之關聯上鏈結光纖1 3 6U上。 光訊號 SU’通過上鏈結光纖 136U傳輸至分-2 6,於此其被導向主要射頻光纖通信連結1 3 4之關 結光纖1 3 4U。光訊號SU’然後通過主要射頻光纖通 134傳輸至頭端單元20,於此其由Ο/E轉換器62 Ο/E轉換器62將光訊號SU'轉換回電氣訊號SU,接 導向服務單元50。服務單元50接收並處理訊號SU 實例具體實施例中其包含一或多個以下内容:儲存 資訊;以數位方式處理或調節該訊號;經由網路上連 將該訊號發送至一或多個外部網路52上;及將該訊 至其他微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44或子區域44A、44B 一或多個區域中之一或多個用戶端裝置45。在一實 訊號猎 電磁訊 子區域 測到電 電氣訊 轉換器 鏈結射 在詢答 SU'通 電纜埠 關聯尾 敫單元 聯上鏈 信連結 接收。 著將其 ,在一 該訊號 結224 號發送 等等之 例具體 20 200919992 實施例中,訊號S U之處理包含解調變此電氣訊號於射頻 訊號Μ/D單元70中,且然後在數位訊號處理器72中處理 該解調變訊號。 具有可調天線系統指向性之詢答機 第13圖係詢答機3 0之一實例具體實施例,其包含一 具有可調指向性之天線系統1 0 〇。第1 3圖之詢答機3 0包 含兩個或兩個以上天線元件 1 0 1,諸如所示之該等三個天 線元件101A、101B及101C,每一者具有不同指向性(即, EM輻射型樣)。天線元件 1 0 1電子上連接至一天線開關 3 0 0,天線開關3 0 0切換於待使用之天線系統1 0 0之該(等) 天線元件1 0 1之間。 在一實例具體實施例中,天線元件 1 0 1 A經組態以為 所有或實質上所有微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44提供覆蓋,天線 元件1 0 1 B經組態以覆蓋兩個微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域(舉 例而言,子區域44A及44B ),同時天線元件101C經組態 以覆蓋微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域4 4 A。這允許多埠累加器200 使用多埠累加器200之一、某些或所有詢答機3 0以形成某 些或所有微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域44。在一實例具體實施例 中,天線開關3 00包含一天線3 02且經組態以可經由天線 3 02所接收之一無線交換訊號S S切換。在另一實例具體實 施例中,交換訊號S S係非無線的且源自頭端單元2 0或自 分散單元26。 其他多埠累加器殼體結構 為了圖解說明之目的,以上結合一支援四個詢答機30 21 200919992 之矩形殼體2 0 2說明了多谭累加器2 0 0。第1 4圖係一 累加器2 0 0之一實例具體實施例之示意平面視圖,其 一可操縱地支援六個詢答機3 0之六角形。同樣,第 係一多埠累加器 200之一實例具體實施例之示意平 圖,其具有一可操縱地支援三個詢答機30之三角形截 本發明之此外各具體實施例包含替代累加器,其包含 結構佈置中之任意數量之詢答機。 熟習此項技術者將顯而易見在本發明之精神及範 可對本發明進行各種修改及改變。因此,本發明意欲 於附加申請專利範圍及其均等範疇内所提供之對本發 修正和改變。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係一基於光纖的R〇F無線微微蜂巢式系統 通用具體實施例之示意圖,其顯示單一詢答機及其關 微蜂巢及微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域; 第2圖係第1圖之系統之一頭端單元之一實例具 施例之詳細示意圖; 第3圖係第1圖之系統之分散單元及詢答機之一 具體實施例之詳細示意圖; 第4圖係第3圖中所示之詢答機之一替代實例具 施例之特寫視圖,其於該詢答機殼體之内包含一傳輸 元件及一接收天線元件,以及用於增強該等天線元件 向性之反射器; 第5圖係根據本發明一多埠累加器之一實例具體 多埠 具有 [5圖 面視 體。 任何 疇内 涵蓋 明的 之一 聯微 體實 實例 體實 天線 之指 實施 22 200919992 例之示意透視圖,該多埠累加器具有四個詢答機埠; 第6圖係第5圖之多槔累加器之一實例具體實施例 平面視圖,該頂端壁已被移除,顯示該内部上鏈結及下 結光纖部分及連接該尾端電纜埠至該等詢答機埠之該等 源線部分; 第7圖係第6圖之多埠累加器之側視圖,其顯示連 至尾端電纜埠之該尾端電纜; 第8圖與第7圖相同,但該側壁已被移除,以圖解 明該尾端電纜埠及該等詢答機埠之一者之間之該等光及 氣連接; 第9圖及第10圖分別與第7圖及第8圖相同,且圖 說明該多埠累加器及尾端電纜之一預接型組態之一實例 體實施例; 第11圖係根據本發明一 R〇F無線微微蜂巢式系統 一實例具體實施例之示意圖,其類似於在第 1圖中之 示,但使用若干多埠累加器; 第12圖係第11圖之該等多埠累加器之一者之特寫 面視圖,其顯示該關聯微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域由四個微微 巢式覆蓋子區域組成,該等微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域與藉 該多埠累加器支援之該等四個詢答機相關聯; 第1 3圖一詢答機之一實例具體實施例,其用於該多 累加器且包含一具有可調天線方向性之天線系統; 第1 4圖係一多埠累加器之一實例具體實施例之示 平面視圖,其具有一支援六個詢答機之六角形殼體;及 之 鏈 電 接 說 電 解 具 之 所 平 蜂 由 埠 意 23 200919992 之示意 第1 5圖係一多埠累加器之一實例具體實施令 平面視圖,其具有一支援三個詢答機之三角形殼題 【主要元件符號說明】 f 10 R〇F無線微微蜂巢式系統 20 頭端單元 26 分散單元 27 連接器通訊端 30 詢答機 3 1 連接器 34 光纖射頻通信連結 36 尾端電纜 37 連接器插頭 40 微微蜂巢 44 微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域 45 用戶端裝置 46 天線 50 服務單元 52 外部網路 53 網路連結 60 E/Ο轉換器 62 Ο/E轉換器 66 轉換器對 70 射頻訊號調變/解調器(Μ/D)單元 72 數位訊號處理單元 24 200919992 74 中央處理單元 76 記憶體單元 100 天線系統 101 天線元件 102 殼體 104 天線反射器 106 射頻訊號導向元件 134 主要射頻光纖通信連結 160 電源 162 電源訊號 168 電源線 170 導線 1 72 導線 180 DC功率轉換器 200 多埠累加器 202 殼體 206 頂端壁 208 底部壁 214 尾端電纜埠 300 天線開關 302 天線 101 A 天線元件 101B 天線元件 101C 天線元件 25 200919992 101R 接 收 天 線 1 01T 傳 m 天 線 1 34D 下 鍵 結 光 纖 1 34U 上 鏈 結 光 纖 1 36D 下 鏈 結 光 纖 1 36U 上 鏈 結 光 纖 168C 電 源 線 部 分 204A 側 壁 204B 側 壁 204C 側 壁 204D 側 壁 212A RoF 詢 答 機 連 接 器 埠 212B Ro F 詢 答 機 連 接 器 埠 212C RoF 詢 答 機 連 接 器 埠 212D RoF 詢 答 機 連 接 器 埠 236DA 光 纖 部 分 236DC 光 纖 部 分 236UA 光 纖 部 分 236UC 光 纖 部 分 268A 電 源 線 部 分 30A 詢 答 機 44A 微 微 蜂 巢 式 覆 蓋 子 區 域 44B 微 微 蜂 巢 式 覆 蓋 子 區 域 44C 微 微 蜂 巢 式 覆 蓋 子 區 域 26 200919992 44D 微 微 蜂 巢 式 覆 蓋 子 區域 SD 電 氣 訊 號 SD' 光 下 鍵 結 射 頻 訊 號 SD" 電 磁 下 鏈 結 射 頻 訊 號 ss 無 線 交 換 訊 號 su 電 氣 訊 號 SU' 光 上 鏈 結 射 頻 訊 號 SU" 電 磁 訊 號
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Claims (1)

  1. 200919992 十、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種多埠累加器設備,其用於可操縱地支援兩或兩 上光纖傳送無線電(R〇F)詢答機,及用於提供至一承載 結及下鏈結光訊號及電源之尾端電纜的一連接,其包 一殼體; 藉由該殼體支援之兩或兩個以上R〇F詢答機埠,每-詢答機埠經組態以可操縱地連接至該等R〇F詢答機 者; 一尾端電纜埠,其藉由該殼體支援且經組態以可操 連接至該尾端電纜,該尾端電纜埠係光學上及電子上 至每一 RoF詢答機埠,以便提供該上鏈結及下鏈結光 及該電源至每一 RoF詢答機。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之設備,其中: 該尾端電纜埠經調適以接收由該尾端電纜承載之兩 個以上外部對的上鏈結及下鏈結光纖; 該尾端電纜埠經由各自兩或兩個以上内部對的上鏈 下鏈結光纖部分光學上耦接至該兩或兩個以上R〇F詢 埠;及 該尾端電纜埠經組態以光學上耦接該等外部對的上 及下鏈結光纖至該等内部對的上鏈結及下鏈結光纖。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之設備,其中: 該尾端電纜埠經調適以接收一由該尾端電纜承載且 該電源之外部電源線; 該尾端電纜埠經由各自兩或兩個以上内部電源線部 個以 上鏈 含: • RoF 之一 縱地 連接 訊號 或兩 結及 答機 鍵結 承載 分電 28 200919992 子上耦接至該等兩或兩個以上RoF詢答機埠;及 該尾端電纜埠經組態以電子上將外部電源線耦接至該等 兩或兩個以上内部電源線部分,以便為該等RoF詢答機之 每一者提供電源。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之設備,其中該殼體具有四 個側壁及四個RoF詢答機埠,每一側壁支援一詢答機埠。 5 .如申請專利範圍第1項所述之設備,其中該設備已與其 關聯一微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域,該微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域藉由 兩或兩個以上分別由該等兩或兩個以上RoF詢答機形成之 微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域組成。 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之設備,其中該等RoF詢答機 之至少一者包含一具有一可調天線指向性之天線系統。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之設備,其中該等RoF詢答機 之至少一者包含一接線天線。 8 . —種RoF無線微微蜂巢式系統,其包含: 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之兩或兩個以上多埠累加器 設備,該等多埠累加器設備之每一者光學上耦接至該等尾 端電纜之一對應者。 9.如申請專利範圍第8項所述之RoF無線微微蜂巢式系 統,其更包含: 一頭端單元,其經組態以產生下鏈結光訊號及接收上鏈 結光訊號;及 一分散單元,其光學上耦接至該頭端單元及每一尾端電 纜,以便分散於每一多埠累加器設備之該等詢答機與該頭 29 200919992 端單元之間的該等上鏈結及下鏈結光訊號。 1 0. —種形成一光纖傳送無線電(R〇F)無線微微蜂巢式覆 蓋區域之方法,其包含: 可操縱地支援兩或兩個以上R〇F詢答機於一殼體上; 經由一尾端電纜將該兩或兩個以上R〇F詢答機之下鏈結 光訊號提供至該殼體上之一尾端電纜埠;及 通過該殼體分散該下鏈結光訊號至該等R〇F詢答機之一 或多者,以致使該等RoF詢答機之一或多者貢獻於形成一 微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域。 1 1.如申請專利範圍第1 0項所述之方法,其中每一 RoF詢答 機接收該下鏈結光訊號,並形成一構成該微微蜂巢式覆蓋 區域之一部分之微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域。 1 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1 0項所述之方法,其更包含: 可操縱地支援於RoF詢答機埠處之該等兩個或兩個以上 RoF詢答機,該等RoF詢答機光學上及電子上耦接至該尾端 電纜埠。 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第1 2項所述之方法,其更包含: 承載一電源線中之該尾端電纜中的電源;及 經由連接至該尾端電纜埠及該等RoF詢答機埠之每一者 的電源線部分通過該殼體分散電源,以便為該等RoF詢答 機之每一者提供電源。 14.如申請專利範圍第10項所述之方法,其中每一 RoF詢答 機包含一天線系統,且更包含調整該等天線系統之至少之 一者之指向性,藉以調整對該微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域之對應 30 200919992 RoF詢答機的貢獻。 1 5. —種多埠累加器設備,其用於支援一光纖傳送無線電 (RoF)無線微微蜂巢式系統之複數個RoF詢答機,其包含: 一殼體; 藉由該殼體所支援之複數個RoF詢答機埠,每一 RoF詢答 機埠經調適以可操縱地連接該等RoF詢答機之一者; 一尾端電纜,其於該殼體内光學上耦接至複數個RoF詢 答機埠,以便為該尾端電纜與複數個RoF詢答機埠之間之 上鏈結及下鏈結光訊號提供光傳輸;及 其中該尾端電纜於該殼體内電子上耦接至複數個RoF詢 答機埠,以便為複數個RoF詢答機埠之每一者提供電源。 1 6·如申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之設備,其更包含一 RoF 詢答機,其可操縱地連接至每一 RoF詢答機埠。 1 7.如申請專利範圍第1 6項所述之設備,其中每一 RoF詢答 機具有一方向性天線系統,其經組態以形成一關聯微微蜂 巢式覆蓋子區域,該關聯微微蜂巢式覆蓋子區域藉由兩或 兩個以上該等RoF詢答機形成之微微蜂巢式覆蓋區域組 成。 1 8 .如申請專利範圍第1 5項所述之設備,其更包含: 一尾端電纜埠,其藉由該殼體支援且光學上及電子上耦 接至每一 RoF詢答機埠; 一尾端電纜插頭,其可操縱地於一尾端電纜端固定至該 尾端電纜;及 其中該尾端電纜可操縱地經由該尾端電纜插頭連接至該 31 200919992 尾端電纜埠。 1 9 · 一種RoF無線微微蜂巢式系統,其包含兩個或兩個以上 如申請專利範圍第1 8項所述之設備。 20.如申請專利範圍第1 8項所述之設備,其中每一 RoF詢答 機埠經由該殼體内部之下鏈結及上鏈結光纖部分光學上耦 接至該尾端電纜埠。 32
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