TW200936146A - Antiviral nucleoside compounds - Google Patents
Antiviral nucleoside compounds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW200936146A TW200936146A TW097145866A TW97145866A TW200936146A TW 200936146 A TW200936146 A TW 200936146A TW 097145866 A TW097145866 A TW 097145866A TW 97145866 A TW97145866 A TW 97145866A TW 200936146 A TW200936146 A TW 200936146A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- cis
- uridine
- azido
- oxy
- dioxaphosphol
- Prior art date
Links
- -1 nucleoside compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N Uridine Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-XVFCMESISA-N 0.000 claims description 122
- 229940045145 uridine Drugs 0.000 claims description 64
- 241000711549 Hepacivirus C Species 0.000 claims description 61
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N beta-L-uridine Natural products O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O[C@@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N uracil arabinoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(CO)OC1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 DRTQHJPVMGBUCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003443 antiviral agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940079322 interferon Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 101100295741 Gallus gallus COR4 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940124683 HCV polymerase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004179 3-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(Cl)=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940122604 HCV protease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940121759 Helicase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000852 azido group Chemical group *N=[N+]=[N-] 0.000 claims 4
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 102000016559 DNA Primase Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010092681 DNA Primase Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004799 bromophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- KGQCLZJFUIPDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxaphospholane Chemical compound C1CPOO1 KGQCLZJFUIPDGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims 1
- SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;6-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)amino]hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC1=CC(C(=O)NCCCCCC([O-])=O)=CC(OC)=C1OC SNOOUWRIMMFWNE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 9
- 108700008776 hepatitis C virus NS-5 Proteins 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 25
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 21
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000013103 analytical ultracentrifugation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 210000003494 hepatocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 9
- OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N etoac etoac Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.CCOC(C)=O OJCSPXHYDFONPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 210000003240 portal vein Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 9
- ODLGMSQBFONGNG-JVZYCSMKSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-5-azido-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@](CO)(N=[N+]=[N-])O1 ODLGMSQBFONGNG-JVZYCSMKSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004731 jugular vein Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000004712 monophosphates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000011178 triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- FHPJZSIIXUQGQE-JVZYCSMKSA-N 1-[(2r,3r,4s,5r)-5-azido-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@](CO)(N=[N+]=[N-])O[C@H]1N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 FHPJZSIIXUQGQE-JVZYCSMKSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940126062 Compound A Drugs 0.000 description 5
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Heterophylliin A Natural products O1C2COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC2C(OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 NLDMNSXOCDLTTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101800001554 RNA-directed RNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000001294 liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 102100036475 Alanine aminotransferase 1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010082126 Alanine transaminase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108060004795 Methyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000282579 Pan Species 0.000 description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical group [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960004748 abacavir Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyldiimidazole Chemical compound C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940125532 enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010073071 hepatocellular carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 231100000844 hepatocellular carcinoma Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002342 ribonucleoside Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004885 tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-beta-D-Xylofuranosyl-NH-Cytosine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-toluenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(Cl)(=O)=O)C=C1 YYROPELSRYBVMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)NC2=C1NC=N2 LRFVTYWOQMYALW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002126 C01EB10 - Adenosine Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N Cytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000018832 Cytochromes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010052832 Cytochromes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N Deuterated methanol Chemical compound [2H]OC([2H])([2H])[2H] OKKJLVBELUTLKV-MZCSYVLQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HSHXDCVZWHOWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N'-hexadecylthiophene-2-carbohydrazide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNNC(=O)c1cccs1 HSHXDCVZWHOWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XENHXZMAOSTXGD-DSMKLBDQSA-N [(2r,3r,4r,5r)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyloxolan-3-yl] (2s)-2-amino-3-methylbutanoate;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.C[C@@]1(O)[C@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C(C)C)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1C(=O)N=C(N)C=C1 XENHXZMAOSTXGD-DSMKLBDQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCGSCOLBFJQGHM-SCZZXKLOSA-N abacavir Chemical compound C=12N=CN([C@H]3C=C[C@@H](CO)C3)C2=NC(N)=NC=1NC1CC1 MCGSCOLBFJQGHM-SCZZXKLOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960005305 adenosine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- PPQRONHOSHZGFQ-LMVFSUKVSA-N aldehydo-D-ribose 5-phosphate Chemical class OP(=O)(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PPQRONHOSHZGFQ-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-Furanose-Ribose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940063834 carboxymethylcellulose sodium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006285 cell suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000019425 cirrhosis of liver Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N cytidine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940042399 direct acting antivirals protease inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002085 enols Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000006232 ethoxy propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229940125777 fusion inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940040511 liver extract Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000010534 mechanism of action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037353 metabolic pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N muconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=CC=CC(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008024 pharmaceutical diluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006316 polyvinylpyrrolidine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006233 propoxy propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QORQCDBXUYAZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(O)=O QORQCDBXUYAZLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AEFBNJXWRHSZGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3a,4,5-hexahydropyrene Chemical compound C1=C2CCCC(CC3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 AEFBNJXWRHSZGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide Substances CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C LMDZBCPBFSXMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QITVRBREBFELAB-HCWSKCQFSA-N 1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-2-azido-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]pyrimidine-2,4-dione Chemical class O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(N=[N+]=[N-])N1C(=O)NC(=O)C=C1 QITVRBREBFELAB-HCWSKCQFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decane-sulfonic-acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O KVGOXGQSTGQXDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decoxydecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCC LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylazepan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1CCCCCC1=O AXTGDCSMTYGJND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMMPLVWPWSYRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylbicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-ene-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1CC2(C(O)=O)CCC1(C)C=C2 AMMPLVWPWSYRDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)(C)OC HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQWXKASOCUAEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(carboxymethoxy)ethoxy]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COCCOCC(O)=O CQWXKASOCUAEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-phenylmethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-morpholin-4-ylethanone Chemical compound C(C1=CC=CC=C1)OC1=NN(C=C1C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NC1CC2=CC=CC=C2C1)CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 HVTQDSGGHBWVTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005999 2-bromoethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylbutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(O)=O MLMQPDHYNJCQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(dimethylamino)propyliminomethylidene-ethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN=C=NCCCN(C)C FPQQSJJWHUJYPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTNUUDFQRYBJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropanehydrazide Chemical compound COCCC(=O)NN HTNUUDFQRYBJPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenylpropionic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 XMIIGOLPHOKFCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKTYXVDYIKIYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-dioxole Chemical compound C1OOC=C1 XKTYXVDYIKIYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPTFZDRBJGXAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nonylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 WPTFZDRBJGXAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 6-[(E)-C-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-N-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C/C(=N/O)/C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVXGFJNIJXPREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9h-fluorene;hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 HVXGFJNIJXPREA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- TWCMVXMQHSVIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aglycone of yadanzioside D Natural products COC(=O)C12OCC34C(CC5C(=CC(O)C(O)C5(C)C3C(O)C1O)C)OC(=O)C(OC(=O)C)C24 TWCMVXMQHSVIOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLMKQQMDOMTZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Astrantiagenin E-methylester Natural products CC12CCC(O)C(C)(CO)C1CCC1(C)C2CC=C2C3CC(C)(C)CCC3(C(=O)OC)CCC21C PLMKQQMDOMTZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O Chemical compound CCN1N=C(C)C=C1C(=O)NC1=NC2=CC(=CC(OC)=C2N1C\C=C\CN1C(NC(=O)C2=CC(C)=NN2CC)=NC2=CC(=CC(OCCCN3CCOCC3)=C12)C(N)=O)C(N)=O JGLMVXWAHNTPRF-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035484 Cellulite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091026890 Coding region Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-CCXZUQQUSA-N Cytarabine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-CCXZUQQUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000626 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004163 DNA-directed RNA polymerases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000700721 Hepatitis B virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020004684 Internal Ribosome Entry Sites Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282553 Macaca Species 0.000 description 1
- TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N Muconic acid Natural products OC(=O)\C=C/C=C\C(O)=O TXXHDPDFNKHHGW-CCAGOZQPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010049752 Peau d'orange Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091000080 Phosphotransferase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940123066 Polymerase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006819 RNA synthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101710118046 RNA-directed RNA polymerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008199 Rhododendron molle Species 0.000 description 1
- IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N Ribavirin Chemical compound N1=C(C(=O)N)N=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 IWUCXVSUMQZMFG-AFCXAGJDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002684 Sepharose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012505 Superdex™ Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000340 Transaminases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- GLNADSQYFUSGOU-GPTZEZBUSA-J Trypan blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C2C=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(/N=N/C3=CC=C(C=C3C)C=3C=C(C(=CC=3)\N=N\C=3C(=CC4=CC(=CC(N)=C4C=3O)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)=C(O)C2=C1N GLNADSQYFUSGOU-GPTZEZBUSA-J 0.000 description 1
- IERHLVCPSMICTF-CCXZUQQUSA-N [(2r,3s,4s,5r)-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(O)=O)O1 IERHLVCPSMICTF-CCXZUQQUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000278 alkyl amino alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005213 alkyl heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N ampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000723 ampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous guanidine Natural products NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008209 arabinosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021311 artificial sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003705 background correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OFWBDYUSWOSTGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OFWBDYUSWOSTGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019658 bitter taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004067 bulking agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003123 carboxymethyl cellulose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036232 cellulite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N chlorin Chemical compound C\1=C/2\N/C(=C\C3=N/C(=C\C=4NC(/C=C\5/C=CC/1=N/5)=CC=4)/C=C3)/CC\2 SURLGNKAQXKNSP-DBLYXWCISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007882 cirrhosis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- UCDHYFZYUGDETN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanophosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C#N UCDHYFZYUGDETN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004210 cyclohexylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004186 cyclopropylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960000684 cytarabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006567 deketalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;oxalate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O IRXRGVFLQOSHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl formate Chemical group CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CGAJYBUEWWHRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonyliminocarbamate;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound CCOC(=O)N=NC(=O)OCC.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CGAJYBUEWWHRDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS([O-])(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCOCCOCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DEFVIWRASFVYLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011087 fumaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004383 glucosinolate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000283 hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000005252 hepatitis A Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000004404 heteroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PFOARMALXZGCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N homoegonol Natural products C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC2=CC(CCCO)=CC(OC)=C2O1 PFOARMALXZGCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000003 hoof Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002955 immunomodulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121354 immunomodulator Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000099 in vitro assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005462 in vivo assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940047122 interleukins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BPHPUYQFMNQIOC-NXRLNHOXSA-N isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside Chemical compound CC(C)S[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O BPHPUYQFMNQIOC-NXRLNHOXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000019423 liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mandelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004379 membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl chloroformate Chemical compound COC(Cl)=O XMJHPCRAQCTCFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002324 mouth wash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940051866 mouthwash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEKRFYZGYUTGRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-ethylmethanediimine Chemical compound CCN=C=N FEKRFYZGYUTGRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-ethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CCNC(C)C RIVIDPPYRINTTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021096 natural sweeteners Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001338 necrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001331 nose Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940127073 nucleoside analogue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005429 oxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010603 pastilles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003200 peritoneal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphoramidate Chemical compound NP([O-])([O-])=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000020233 phosphotransferase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pivalic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C(O)=O IUGYQRQAERSCNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-oxo-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)chromen-4-olate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=1C2=CC=CC=C2OC(=O)C=1C(CC(=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 WSHYKIAQCMIPTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000069 prophylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCSINKKTEDDPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl propionate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CC MCSINKKTEDDPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012264 purified product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083082 pyrimidine derivative acting on arteriolar smooth muscle Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003230 pyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960000329 ribavirin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N ribavirin Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1N1N=CN=C1 HZCAHMRRMINHDJ-DBRKOABJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011125 single therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012453 sprague-dawley rat model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003890 succinate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012134 supernatant fraction Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003419 tautomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;fluoride Chemical compound [F-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC QSUJAUYJBJRLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000014898 transaminase activity proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002264 triphosphate group Chemical class [H]OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])OP(=O)(O[H])O* 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075420 xanthine Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
- C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
- C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
- C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
- C07H19/16—Purine radicals
- C07H19/20—Purine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
200936146 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於可有效地經口吸收並在肝臟中產生大量對 應磷酸化核苷之核苷衍生物。該等單磷酸酯可轉化成可抑 制HCV複製並可用於治療C型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染之對應 三磷酸酯。 【先前技術】 近年來,人們對於識別可用於治療C型肝炎病毒(HCV) φ 感染之NS5B聚合酶核苷抑制劑頗為關注。儘管此領域研 究人員之最初報告僅闡述了有限功效,但當Merck公佈在 黑猩猩中評估MK-0608之結果時此類藥劑之巨大潛力變得 顯而易見。(Olsen, D.B.; Carroll, S.S.; Davies, M.E.; Handt, L·; Koeplinger,K.; Zhang, R.; Ludmerer, S.; MacCoss, M.; Hazuda,D.J.藉由NS5B聚合酶之核苷抑制劑強力抑制受 HCV感染之黑猩猩的病毒複製(Robust suppression of viral replication in HCV infected chimpanzees by a nucleoside ^ inhibitor of the NS5B polymerase). Antivir. Ther. 2006, 11 (5,Suppl·): S7。(第15期國際HIV耐藥性培訓(15th , International HIV Drug Resistance Workshop),2006年 6 月 13-17日;Sitges,西班牙))在此研究中,以2 mg/kg/天之 靜脈劑量在7天内達成>5 log!〇之病毒滴度降低。 已在研發之其他藥劑並未達成此顯著功效。舉例而言, NM283 (Idenix,最近停產)在黑猩猩中僅達成1.15 logi〇之 病毒滴度降低(7 天,16.6 mg/kg/天)。(Standring D.N·; 136255.doc 200936146
Lanford R.; Wright T.; Chung R.T.; Bichko V.; Cretton-Scott E.; Pan-Zhou X.; Bergelson S.; Qu L.; Tausek M.; Bridges E.; Moussa A.; Storer R.; Pierra C.; Benzaria S.; Gosselin G·; La Colla P·; Sommadossi J.P. NM 283在黑獲 猩中具有抵抗基因型1慢性C型肝炎病毒(HCV-1)感染之強 效抗病毒活性· ·/. //epaio/og},2003,35,(Supp 2),3.)。在 第2研究階段中,R1 626 (Roche)在1500 mg BID下經14天達 成1.2 log1()之平均血清病毒滴度降低。(Roberts, S.; 參 Cooksley, G.; Shaw, D.; Berns, H.K.; Brandi, M.T.; Fettner, S.H.; Hill, G.; Ipe, D.; Klumpp, K.; Mannino, M.; O'Mara, E.; Tu, Y.; Washington, C.B.,— 種乾向慢性HCV患者之 HCV聚合酶之新穎核苷類似物R1 626之多重漸增劑量研究 的中期結果(Interim results of a multiple ascending dose study of R1626, a novel nucleoside analog targeting HCV polymerase in chronic HCV patients)。歐洲肝臟研究協會 之第 41 屆年會(41st Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver),維也納(Vienna), 2006年 4月 26-30 曰)〇
ΜΚ-0608 NM283 R1626
此等藥劑(所有藥劑均展現良好核苷血漿濃度)間之功效 136255.doc 200936146 差異可能歸因於磷酸化速率及三磷酸酯在肝臟中所達成、農 度之差異。一種避免初始核普填酸化緩慢速率之方法係使 用核苷單磷酸之前藥(激酶旁路)。已經開發出用於此目的 之許多前藥,但少數顯示可達成單磷酸在活體内之口服生 物利用度及細胞内遞送。 一類此前藥係芳基酿胺化物(McGuigan)型。儘管此等前 藥顯示印象深刻的活體外單磷酸酯細胞内遞送,但關於活 體内應用之報告甚少。(相反,其磷酸追蹤記錄為較佳) © McGuigan之一個值得注意的報告詳述了阿巴卡韋(abacavir) 之芳基醯胺化物前藥在獼猴中之藥物動力學評估。 (McGuigan, C.; Harris, S. A.; Daluge, S. M.; Gudmundsson, K. S.; McLean, E. W.; Burnette, T. C.; Marr, H.; Hazen, R ·
Condreay, L. D.; Johnson, L.; De Clercq,E.; Balzarini,J·將 磷醯胺化原核苷技術應用於阿巴卡韋會顯著地增強抗病毒 效能(Application of phosphoramidate pronucleotide ©technology to abacavir leads to a significant enhancement of antiviral potency). J. Med. Chem. 2005, 48, 3504- 3515)。此文早報導當糟由靜脈投藥時前藥可十分迅速地 - 自企漿清除。儘管許多申請案對活體外特性進行了描述, • 但鮮有描述芳基醯胺化物前藥活體内特性之其他文獻報 告’此表明此等前藥對於成功的活體内施藥而言不夠穩 定。 乾向肝臟之另一類單構酸前藥係環狀丨_芳基_丨,3_丙酯 (HepDirect)前藥。(Erion, M. D.; Reddy, K. R.; Boyer, S_ 136255.doc 200936146 Η·; Matelich, M. C.; Gomez-Galeno,J.; Lemus,R. η.; Ugarkar,B. G·; Colby,T. J.; Schanzer, J·; Van Poelje,P. d. 可用於使基於麟酸/膦酸之藥物把向肝臟之一系列細胞色 素P(45〇) 3A-激活之前藥(HepDirect前藥)的設計、合成及 定性(Design,synthesis, and characterization of a series 〇f cytochrome P(45〇) 3A-activated prodrugs (HepDirect prodrugs) useful for targeting phosph(on)ate-based drugs to
the liver). J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 5154-5163 ; Eri〇n, M. D.; van Poelje, P. D.; Mackenna, D. A.; Colby, T. j.;
Montag, A. C·; Fujitaki,J. M.; Linemeyer, D. L.; Bullough, D. A.使用HepDirect前藥之靶向肝臟之藥物遞送(Liver-targeted drug delivery using HepDirect prodrugs). j Pharmacol. Exp. 77zer. 2005, 3/2, 554-560)。一種
HepDirect磷酸前藥MB07133現已進入人類臨床試驗階段。 (Boyer, S. H.; Sun, Z.; Jiang, H.; Esterbrook, J.; Gomez-Galeno, J. E.; Craigo, W.; Reddy, K. R.; Ugarkar, B. 〇.· MacKenna,D. A.; Erion,M. D.用於治療肝細胞癌瘤之胞 嘧啶-1 -β-D·呋喃阿拉伯糖苷單磷酸之新穎靶向肝臟之前藥 的合成及定性(Synthesis and characterization of a novel liver-targeted prodrug of cytosine-1-β-D- arabinofuranoside monophosphate for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma). ·/· Meof. C〜w· 2006, 49, 771 1-7720)。MB07133係阿糖胞苷 5·-0-單磷酸之前藥(araCMP)。 136255.doc 200936146
HO OH MB07133
O ❹ 最近,Roche之科學家聯合加的夫大學(Cardiff University) 之McGuigan報導4·-疊氮基尿苦之芳基醯胺化物單磷酸前 藥的合成及評估。(Perrone,Ρ·; Luoni,G. Μ.; Kelleher,Μ. R.; Daverio, F.; Angell, A.; Mulready, S.; Congiatu, C.; Rajyaguru, S.; Martin, J. A.; Leveque, V.; Le Pogam, S.; Najera,I.; Klumpp,K·; Smith, D· B·; McGuigan,C,將麟酿 胺化ProTide方法應用於4'·疊氮基尿苷可向無活性核苷賦 予亞微莫耳抗C型肝炎病毒效能(Application of the phosphoramidate ProTide approach to 4'-azidouridine confers sub-micromolar potency versus hepatitis C virus on an inactive nucleoside). J. Med. Chem. 2007, 50, 1840-1849)。 而R1479 (R1 626之核苷母體)在基於細胞之複製子分析中 可達成合理的效能,4'-疊氮基尿苷儘管作為RdRp抑制劑 與其三磷酸酯具有類似效能但其無活性^ (Smith, D. B.; Martin, J.A.; Klumpp, K.; Baker, S. J.; Blomgren, P. A.; Devos, R.; Granycome, C.; Hang, J.; Hobbs, C. J.; Jiang, W.-R.; Laxton, C.; Le Pogam, S.; Leveque, V.; Ma, H.; Maile, G.; Merrett, J. H.; Pichota, A.; Sarma, K.; Smith, M.; Swallow, S.; Symons, J·; Vesey, D.; Najera, I.; Cammack,N·作為C型肝炎病毒複製抑制劑之4’-經取代核 136255.doc -10- 200936146 糖核苷的設計、合成及抗病毒性質:R1479之發現(Design, synthesis and antiviral properties of 4'-substituted ribonucleosides as inhibityors of hepatitis C virus replication: the discovery of R1479) Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2007 17:2570)。4'-疊氮基尿苷之某些芳基醯胺化物單磷酸前藥 展現複製子活性(EC5〇低達0.22 μΜ),表明第一磷酸化步驟 係問題所在。尚未報告此等前藥之活體内評估。
【發明内容】
R1479 (4'-AQ 4,-疊氮基尿苷(4’_AU> R0142 NTP 之 NS5b IC50 (μΜ) 複製子ec5〇(mM) R1479 0.29 1.28 4'-AU 0.30 ... >100 R0142 mm» 0.22 本發明係關於新穎4’疊氮基尿苷、4'疊氮基胞苷之5'-0-[4-(R,S)-(雜)芳基-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]衍 生物及1-((211,311,48,51〇-5-疊氮基-3,4-二羥基-5-羥基甲基-四氫-呋喃-2-基)-4-烷基胺基-1Η·嘧啶_2·酮及其二-醯基衍 生物。本發明之化合物擁有式I或Π之結構。 0
136255.doc -11 - 200936146 其中v係苯基或"比啶基’該苯基或吡啶基視情況經一個至 三個選自由鹵素、Cw烷基、C〗.6鹵代烷基、c“6烷氧基或 II基組成之群之取代基取代; ” ,<χ。* 的 * * * Β-1 Β-2 Β-3 ‘ 1^及112獨立地選自Η及/或(:0尺4 ; φ Υ係Ο或ΝΗ; R_3係C 1 - C6烧基或COR4且 R4係CN6烷基、Cw烷氧基-Cw烷基、c3.6環烷基、c3-6 環烷基-C!-3烷基、C!-6烷氧基或雜芳基,其中該雜芳基係 含有一個或兩個選自氮、氧或硫之雜原子的五員環或吡啶 或具有一個或兩個氮原子之六員環;或其醫藥上可接受之 鹽。 本發明進一步提供一種使用單獨式〗化合物或其與其他 〇 抗病毒化合物及/或免疫調節劑之組合來治療HCV感染的 方法。本發明進一步提供一種抑制HCV複製之方法。本發 明進一步提供可用於治療HCV感染之含有式ϊ之組合物。 本文所用片語「一 0或an)」實體係指彼實體之一個或多 個;舉例而言,一化合物係指一種或多種化合物或至少一 種化合物。如此,術語「一(3或抓)」、「一或多」、及 「至少一」在本文中可互換使用。 如在本說明書中所用,不管在過渡段中抑或在申請專利 136255.doc -12· 200936146 範圍之正文t ’術語「包 應绘釋為具有開放型人爲。介P⑽⑻」及⑺mp_gA 扭「 3 亦即,該等術語應詮釋為與片 入物力I」或「包括至少J具有相同含義。在用於化 二$組合物時’術語「包含」意指該化合物或組合物包 括至少所述特徵或組份但亦可包括額外特徵或組份。
應理解’接受本發明化合物投藥之個體並不需要遭受特 定創傷狀態H,可在形成任—症狀之前,預防性地 投與本發明化合物。術語「治療性」、「治療性地」及此 等術語之變化形式可用於涵蓋治療性、減輕性以及預防性 用途因此’如本文所用「治療或減輕症狀」意指與沒有 接受本發明化合物投藥之個體的症狀相比會減少、預防及/ 或逆轉接受此投藥之個體的症狀。 式!化合物展現互變異構現象。互變異構化合物可以兩 種或更多種可相互轉化物質形式存知質子移變互變異構 體係由-共價鍵結氫原子在兩個原子間之遷移產生。互變 異構體通常以平衡狀態存在且欲分離出單個互變異構體之 嘗試通常會產生化學及物理性質均與化合物之混合物相符 之混合物。該平衡之位置係端視分子内之&學特徵而定。 舉例而言,在許多脂肪族醛及酮中’例如,在乙醛中,酮 形式佔優勢;然而在酚類中,烯醇形式佔優勢。常見質子 移變互變異構體包括酮/烯醇(_C(=〇)_CH-t;-C(-OH)=CH-;), 醯胺 / 亞胺基酸(-C(=〇)-NH-t;-C(-〇H)=N-)及肺(-C(=NR)- NH-tCGNHR^N-)互變異構體,後兩者在雜芳基及雜環 中特別常見且本發明涵蓋該等化合物之所有互變異構體形 136255.doc •13- 200936146 式。 除非另有說明,否則,本文所用技術及科學術語均具有 本發明所屬技術領域之一名普通技術者所普遍理解的含 義。本文提及為彼等熟習此項技術者已知之各種方法及材 料。陳述藥理學基本原理之標準參考著作包括G〇〇dman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics > 第 10版’ McGraw Hill Companies Inc,紐約(2001)。在製 備此等化合物中所用初始材料及試劑通常可自商家(例 ® 如’ Aldrich Chemical公司)購得或者可藉由彼等熟習此項 技術者已知之方法按照參考文獻中所述程序來製備。除非 另外指出’否則’在下列說明及實例中所提及之材料、試 劑及諸如此類均可自商業來源獲得。一般合成程序已闡述 於諸如下列等專著中:Fieser及Fieser之有機合成之試劑 (Reagents for Organic Synthesis); Wiley & Sons:紐約,第 1-21 卷,R. C. LaRock,有機轉化大全(Comprehensive Organic Transformations),第 2 版,Wiley-VCH,紐約 Ο 1999,有機合成大全(Comprehensive Organic Synthesis), B. Trost及 I. Fleming (編寫)第 1-9 卷 Pergamon,牛津, 1991 ;雜環化學大全(Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry), A. R· Katritzky 及 C. W. Rees (編寫)Pergamon,牛津, 1984,第 1-9卷;雜環化學大全(Comprehensive Heterocyclic Chemistry) II,A. R. Katritzky 及 C. W. Rees (編寫) Pergamon,牛津,1996,第 1-11 卷;及有機反應(Organic Reactions),Wiley & Sons:紐約,1991,第 1-40卷且為彼 136255.doc • 14· 200936146 等熟習此項技術者所熟知β 在本發明之—個實施例中,提供—種其中Rl、R2、B及 V係如上文所述之通式U1UI化合m「如上文所定 義」係指上文針對每一基團所提供之最廣泛定義。在下文 所提料所有其他實施财,可存在於每—實施例中且未 明確定義之取代基具有上文所提供之最廣泛定義。 在本發明之第二實施例中,提供一種其中B係B_i之通式 I化合物。 在本發明之第三實施例令,提供一種如下通式J化合 物:其中B係B-1,V係視情況經取代之苯基且心及心獨立 地為氫或Ci.6烧基。 在本發明之第四實施例中,提供一種通式〖之化合物。 在本發明之第五實施例中,提供一種如下符合通式】之 通式II化合物:其中V係視情況經取代之苯基且B係。 在本發明之另一實施例中,提供一種如下通式〗之化合 物:其中B係B-1且V係視情況經取代之吡啶基。 在本發明之又一實施例中,提供一種如下通式j之化合 物:其中B係B-1且Y係NH且R3係Cw烷基或r4CO。此等官 能團化嘌呤可用作尿苷部分之前藥,此可用於最優化親脂 性以及遮蔽氫鍵結供體官能團。因此,4-醯氧基及4·烧氧i 基幾基氧基衍生物係適宜前藥。進而言之,已知某些胞苦 單磷酸類似物可在細胞内脫去胺基生成對應的尿苦單填酸 類似物(Murkami,E.; Niu,C·; Bao,H.; Steuer,
Whitaker, T.; Nachman, T.; Sofia, M.A.; Wang, P.; Otto, 136255.doc -15- 200936146 M.J.; Furman,P.A.,涉及產生p-d-2,-C-曱基尿苷5·-三磷酸 (一種C型肝炎病毒RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶之強效抑制劑) 之第二代謝途徑的P-D-2LC·曱基胞苷之作用機制(The Mechanism of Action of P-D-2'-C-Methylcytidine Involves a Second Metabolic Pathway Leading to p-d-2'-C-Methyluridine 5'-Triphosphate, a Potent Inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase.),抗 微生物藥劑化學療法(JW/w/crofe. , 2008,52,458-464.)。因此,4-0-烷基及4-N-烷基衍生物亦 為尿嘧啶鹼基之代理物。 在本發明之第六實施例中,提供一種其中B係B-2之通式 I化合物。 在本發明之第七實施例中’提供一種其中B係B-2且V係 視情況經取代之苯基的通式[化合物。 在本發明之另一實施例中,提供一種其中B係B_2且V係 視情況經取代之吡啶基的通式I化合物。 在本發明之第八實施例中,提供一種其中B係B_3之通式 Η匕合物。 在本發明之第九實施例中,提供一種3係6_3且¥係視情 沉*、經取代之苯基的通式I化合物。 ,在本發明之另一實施例中,提供一種其中Β係Β_3且V係 視情況經取代之吡啶基的通式I化合物。 在本發明之第十實施例中,提供一種選自由表丨之化合 物9至化合物61及62組成之群之化合物。 136255.doc -16- 200936146 在本發明之第十一實施例中’提供一種選自由下列組成 #群化α物.4-叠氮基-順式_5’_〇_[4_(s)_(3_氣苯基)_2· 氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷2,,3,-〇雙·丙酸 酯;4,-疊氮基-順式_5,-0_[4_(s)_(3_氣苯基)_2_氧基 二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2-基]尿苷2,,3,_〇_雙_戊酸酯;及^,_疊 氮基·順式·5,-〇·[4-(8)_(3·氯苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2_二氧雜磷 雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2,,3,-〇-雙-異戊酸酯β ❹ ❹ 在本發明之第十二實施例中,提供一種用於治療由〇型 肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病的方法,其包括對有此需要之 患者投與治療有效量之通式I或II化合物,其中Ri、R2、Β 及V係如上文所述。本發明進一步提供一種其 B及V係如上文所述之通式1或„化合物之用途,其在治療 由C型肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病中用作抗病毒劑。 在本發明之第十三實施例中,提供一種用於治療由c型 肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病的方法’其包括對有此需要之 患者共同投與治療有效量之至少一蠢免疫系統調節劑及/ 或至少一種可抑制HCV複製之抗病毒劑以及其中、R2、 B及V係如上文所述之通式I或π化合物。本發明進一步提 供其中R,、R2、Β及V係如上文所述之通式I或卩化合物與 至少一種免疫系統調節劑及/或至少一種可抑制Hcv複製 之抗病毒劑之組合的用途,該組合疼痛治療由C型肝炎病 毒(HCV)造成之疾病。 在本發明之第十四實施例中,提供一種用於治療由(:型 肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病的方法,其包括對有此需要之 136255.doc 17 200936146 患者共同投與治療有效量之干擾素、介白素、腫瘤壞死因 子或群落刺激因子以及其中Rl、R2、B及V係如上文所述 之通式I或II化合物。本發明進一步提供其中R1、r、B及 V係如上文所述之通式I或π化合物與干擾素、介白素膜
瘤壞死因子或群落刺激因子中之至少一錄A ^ ^ 裡在治療由c型肝 炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病中的用途。
❹ 在本發明之第十五實施例中,提供一種用於治療由c型 肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病的方法,其包括對有此需要之 患者共同投與治療有效量之干擾素或化學衍生干擾素以及 其中R】、R2、B及V係如上文所述之通式1或11化合物。本 發明進一步提供其中R】、R2、B及V係如上文所述之通式工 或II化合物與干擾素或化學衍生干擾素之組合在治療由c 型肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病中的用途。 在本發明之第十六實施例中,提供一種用於治療由c型 肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病的方法’其包括對有此需要之 患者共同投與治療有效量之抗病毒化合物以及其中Rl、 R2、B及V係如上文所述之通式I或π化合物,該抗病毒化 合物係選自由下列組成之群:HCV蛋白酶抑制劑、另— HCV聚合酶抑制劑、HCV解旋酶抑制劑、HCV引發酶抑制 劑及HCV融合抑制劑。本發明進一步提供其中Ri、、b 及V係如上文所述之通式I或π化合物與抗病毒化合物之秦且 合的用途’該抗病毒化合物係選自由HCV蛋白酶抑制劑、 另一 HCV聚合酶抑制劑、HCV解旋酶抑制劑、HCV?丨發酶 抑制劑及HCV融合抑制劑組成之群,該組合用於治療由。 136255.doc 200936146 型肝炎病毒(HCV)造成之疾病。 在本發明之第十七實施例中,提供-種抑制HCV複製之 方法,其包括投與治療有效量之其中R丨、R2、Β及V係如 上文所述之通式I或Π化合物。 在本發明之第十人實施例中,提供—種組合物其含有 治療有效量之其中Rl、R2、BA v係如上文所述之通式【或 II化口物與至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑、稀釋劑或賦形 劑的混合物。
【實施方式】 本文所用術語「烷基」表示(但不受進一步限制)含有1 個至10個碳原子之無支鏈或具支鏈、飽和、單價烴殘基。 術語「低碳數烷基」表示含有丨個至6個 支键煙殘基。本文所用W」係指包㈣至6= 原子之烧基。烧基之實例包括但不限於低碳數院基,包括 曱基、乙基、丙基、異-丙基、正丁基、異丁基第三丁 基、新戊基、己基、及辛基。 本文所述定義可經增補以形成化學上相關之組合,例 如,「雜烷基芳基」、「齒代烷基雜芳基」、「芳基烷基 雜環基」、「烷基羰基」、「烷氧基烷基」及諸如此類。 當術語「烧基」用作另一術語後之後綴時,例如,在「苯 基烧基」或「經基烧基」中’此欲指經一個至兩個選自其 他明確命名基團之取代基取代的如上文所定義烷基。因 此,舉例而言,「苯基烷基」係指具有一個至兩個苯基取 代基之炫基’並因此包括苄基、苯基乙基、及聯苯基。 136255.doc -19- 200936146 「烷基胺基烷基」係具有一個至兩個烷胺基取代基之烷 基。「羥基烷基」包括2-羥基乙基、2-羥基丙基、經基 曱基)-2-甲基丙基、2-羥基丁基、2,3_二羥基丁基、2 (羥 基甲基)、3 -經基丙基,及諸如此類。因此,本文所用術語 「羥基烷基」用於定義下文所定義雜烷基之子類。術語_ (方)院基係4a未經取代烧基或芳院基。術語(雜)芳基 ((heter〇)aryl或(het)aryl)係指芳基或雜芳基。 除非另有說明’否則本文所用術語「伸烷基」表示具有 1個至10個碳原子之二價飽和直鏈烴基團(例如,(CH2)d 或具有2個至1〇個碳原子之具支鏈飽和二價烴基團(例 如,-〇1]'^-或-(:112(^〇.-?〇(:112-)。(:().4伸烷基係指包含1_ 4個碳原子之直鏈或具支鏈飽和二價烴基團,或者當為c〇 時省略伸烷基基團。除亞甲基外,伸烷基之打開鍵結並不 連接至同一原子。伸烷基之實例包括但不限於亞甲基、伸 乙基、伸丙基、2-甲基-伸丙基、ι,ι_二甲基_伸乙基、伸 丁基、2-乙基伸丁基。 本文所用術語「氰基」係指藉由三鍵連接至氮之碳, 即,-C=N。 本文所用術語「齒代烷基」表示如上文所定義無支鏈或 具支鏈烷基,其中1個、2個、3個或更多個氫原子經由卣 素取代。實例係1-氟甲基、1-氣甲基、^溴甲基、丨_碘甲 基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氣曱基、丨·氟乙基、卜氣乙 基、1 2-氟乙基、2-氣乙基、2-溴乙基、2,2-二氣乙基、3-漠丙基或2,2,2-三氟乙基。 136255.doc • 20· 200936146 本文所用術語「烷轰其 备^ ^ 軋基」意指_〇-烷基,其中「烷基」 係如上文疋義’例如,甲备龙 —λ; 甲氣基乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙 氧基、正丁氧基、異丁也一 # 共丁虱基、第二丁氧基、戊氧基、己氧 基、庚氧基’包括該等之同分異構體。本文所帛「低碳數 院氧基」表示具有如前文所定義<「低碳數院基」基團之 烧氧基本文所用「Cl-10烧氧基」係指其中烧基係<:】·】〇 之-〇胃烧基。
本文所用術„D烧氧基烧基」係指基團R'R"-,其中RI係 如本文所定義烷氧基且尺"係如本文所定義伸烷基,同時應 瞭解,該烷氧基烷基部分之連接點應位於該伸烷基上。 C,.6烷氧基烷基表示其中除該基團烷氧基部分的碳原子外 烷基部分包含i-6個碳原子之基團。Ci3烷氧基_Ci6烷基表 不其中烷基部分包含1_6個碳原子且烷氧基具有13個碳之 基團。實例包括但不限於曱氧基曱基、曱氧基乙基、曱氧 基丙基、乙氧基乙基、乙氧基丙基、丙氧基丙基、曱氧基 丁基、乙氧基丁基、丁氧基丁基、第三丁氧基丁基、乙氧 基戊基、丙氧基戊基,包括該等之同分異構體。 本文所用術語「環烷基」表示含有3個至8個碳原子之飽 和碳環,即,環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基 或環辛基。本文所用「<:3_7環烷基」係指在碳環中包含3個 至7個碳之環烷基。 本文所用術語「環烷基烷基」係指基團RIR"_,其中R,係 如本文所定義之環烷基且R"係如本文所定義之伸烷基,同 時應瞭解’該環烷基烷基部分之連接點位於該伸烷基上。 136255.doc 21 200936146 環烷基烷基之實例包括(但不限於)環丙基甲基、環己基甲 基、環戊基乙基。C3·7環烷基-c!·3烷基係指基團R,R",其 中R1係CM環烷基且R”係如上文所定義之c 1 _3伸烷基。
本文所用術語「烷氧基烷基」係指基團R,R"_,其中R,係 如本文所定義之烷氧基且R”係如本文所定義之伸烷基,同 時應瞭解,該烷氧基烷基部分之連接點位於該伸烷基上。 C!-6烷氧基烷基表示其中除該基團之烷氧基部分的碳原子 外烷基部分包含1_6個碳原子之基團。Ci3烷氧基_Ci6烷基 表示其中烷基部分包含丨_6個碳原子且烷氧基具有丨_3個碳 之基團。實例包括(但不限於)甲氧基曱基、曱氧基乙基、 甲氧基丙基、乙氧基乙基、乙氧基丙基、丙氧基丙基、甲 氧基丁基、乙氧基丁基、丁氧基丁基、第三丁氧基丁基、 乙氧基戊基、丙氧基戊基,包括該等之異構體。 術浯「尿嘧啶」係指式⑺之化合物,胞嘧啶係指式〇7) 之化合物,腺嘌呤係指式之化合物。 S 严 Γ2
ft i^N * * (’) (it) («0 鍵結末端之符號「*」或自鍵結拉伸出之「……」各自 係扣S能團或其他化學部分與該分子之其餘部分的連接 點。因此,例如:
MeC(=0)0R4 其中 R4== *一^ 或 ,MeC(=0)〇—〇 儘管密集致力於識別用於HCV感染之療法,但Hcv感染 B6255.doc •22· 200936146 仍為缺乏廣泛有效療法之疾病。在世界上c型肝炎病毒為 慢性肝病之主要病因(Boyer,N.等人,J. //epaio/. 2000 32:98-1 12)。感染HCV之患者具有發生肝硬化及隨後肝細 胞癌之危險’因此HCV係肝臟移植之主要指徵。 下表中提供本發明所涵蓋且屬於本發明範圍内之代表性 化合物的實例。提供下列實例及製備方法以使熟習此項技 術者能更清楚地理解並實踐本發明。彼等不應視為限制本 發明之範圍’而僅用於闡釋及代表本發明。
表1 結構 ]H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) MSM+1 實驗值 (計算值) 10 NHj Si_J ΗΟ 6η Cl A δ 2.1-2.2 (m, 2H), 4.22 (dd, 1H, J= 11, 6 Hz), 4.34 (dd, 1Η}/= 11,6 Hz), 4.35-4.4 (m, 1H), 4.49 (t, 1H, J =5 Hz), 4.5-4.6 (m, 1H), 5.02 (dd, 1H,/= 11, 6 Hz), 5.71 (dt, \U,J= 10, 3 Hz), 5.84 (d, 1H, J= 6 Hz), 6.20 (d, 1H, 5 Hz), 6.21 (d, 1H, J =6 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m, 3H), 7.4-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H) 539.4 (539.1) 11 /=\ N3 )—[ h<5 oh F A δ 2.16-2.20 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.28 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.56 (m, 1H), 5.59-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.73-5.74 (m, 2H), 6.04-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.18-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.42-7.48 (m, 1H), 7.68 (dd, 1H,/= 10, 1 Hz), 11.47 (s, 1H) 500.9 (500.1) 136255.doc -23- 200936146 ¥ 結構 程序1 JH NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) 麻命+ w 一 12 Br A 5 2.16-2.20 (m, 1H), 2.25-2.29 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.34-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.56 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.70-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.04-6.09 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.46 (m, 1H), 7.55-7.58 (m, 1H), 7.64-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H, J=3Uz), 11.47 (s, 1H) 560.4 (560.0) 13 W Ηό ΟΗ F Βγ A δ 2.16-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.30 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.54 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.71-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.04-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.43 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.69 (dd, 1H, 7=11,3 Hz), 7.78-7.81 (m, 1H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 580.6 (580.0) 14 F CI A δ 2.16-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.30 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.50-4.55 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.72-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.04-6.08 (m, 2H), 7.44-7.47 (m, 2H), 7.67-7.70 (m, 2H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 534.4 (533.1) 15 0 <0> Ηό 0Η A δ 2.12-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.30 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.20 (m, 3H), 4.21-4.24 (m, 1H), 4.33-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.36-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.57 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 5.69-5.72 (m, 1H), 5.74 (ds 1H, J= 6 Hz), 6.04-6.08 (m, 2H), 7.35-7.45 (m,5H),7.67-7.68 (d, 1H, J=8Hz), 11.46 (s, 1H) 482.4 (482.1) 136255.doc •24- 200936146 實例 1_ 結構 t程序1 lU NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-J6) 3,1 商麻+ 16 i_J HO OH Cl A δ 2.13-2.17 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.28 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.34-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.52-4.55 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.71-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.03-6.05 (m, 2H), 7.46-7.47 (m, 4H), 7.69 (dd, 1H, /=11,3 Hz), 11.48 (s, 1H) 516.6 (516.1) 17 HO OH Br A δ 2.13-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.26 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.34-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.55 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.71 (d, 1H, J= 11 Hz), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 6.5 Hz), 6.03-6.06 (m, 2H), 7.39-7.41 (m, 2H), 7.59-7.62 (m, 2H), 7.68-7.70 (dd, 1H, J= 11, 3 Hz), 11.48 (s, 1H) 562.4 (562.0) 18 0 』,。对。 HO 6h A δ 2.22-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.16-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.64 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.75 (d, 1H, «/= 6 Hz),5.82-5.85 (m, 1H), 6.05-6.08 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.36 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.63 (m, 1H), 7.66-7.71 (m, 2H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 562.4 (562.0) 19 Λ ^ [j NH \_/~a HO OH A δ 2.18-2.21 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.30 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.65 (m, 1H), 5.59-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.75 (d, 1H, 7=61^),5.90-5.93 (111, 111),6.04-6.08 (m, 2H), 7.41-7.44 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.47 (s, 1H) 516.6 (516.1) 136255.doc ·25· 200936146 結構 ]H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-^) 5^1 商命+ •v_✓ 1-1 20 厂〇 '。(T 謂。 Br^ /) HO OH F A δ 2.13-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.34-2.50 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.63 (m, 1H), 5.57-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 6 Hz), 5.86-5.89 (m, 1H), 6.03-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.26-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.63 (dd, 1H, J= 11, 3 Hz), 7.67-7.68 (m, 1H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 580.9 (580.0) 21 Λ ,〇 Γτ ,謂。 Ηό 6η Cl A δ 2.08-2.18 (m, 1H), 2.21-2.28 (m, 1H), 4.15-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.64 (m, 1H), 5.62-5.67 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 1 Hz), 5.88-5.90 (m, 1H), 6.03-6.06 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.53 (m, 1H), 7.53-7.64 (m,1H),7.69-7.71 (m,2H), 11.48 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.0) 22 J ^ ^ fl m \_/~α ΗΟ 5η A δ 2.09-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.61-2.79 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.11 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.22 (m, 2H),4.31-4.32 (m,1H),4.45-4.56 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.69 (m, 1H), 5.55-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.73-5.74 (m, 1H), 6.03-6.09 (m, 3H), 7.30-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.40-7.42 (m, 1H), 7.48-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H, J-8Hz), 11.47 (s, 1H) 534.4 (534.1) 136255.doc 26- 200936146 隹®: 結構 程序1 !H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-^6) ώ ώ + w *—1 23 〇 厂〇、〜。 。 C, HO OH A δ 2.20-2.23 (m, 1H), 2.28-2.36 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.35 (m, 3H), 4.36-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.64 (m, 1H), 5.61-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 5.89 (dd, 1H, /=11,3 Hz), 6.06-6.10 (m, 2H), 7.48-7.51 (m, 1H), 7.55 (dd, 1H, 12, 3 Hz), 7.65-7.72 (m, 2H), 11.46 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.0) 24 0 ^ P m 厂0、,? 0 HO OH F A δ 2.09-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.40-2.44 (m, 1H), 4.10-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.61 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 6 Hz), 5.88 (dd, 1H, /= 11, 3 Hz), 6.03-6.05 (m, 2H), 7.14-7.17 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.61-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.68 (dd, 1H, J- 10, 2 Hz), 11.47 (s, 1H) 518.6 (518.1) 25 rY ύΗ 』。’。税。 Br—HO 〇H A δ 2.14-2.17 (m, 1H), 2.36-2.43 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.58-4.62 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.73 (d, 1H, 7= 6 Hz), 5.89 (dd, \H,J= 11,3 Hz), 6.05-6.08 (m, 2H), 7.25-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.62-7.65 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.70 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.76 (m, 1H), 11.46 (s, 1H) 580.6 (580.0) 136255.doc 27- 200936146 結構 程序1 ]H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) 2^1 ¾ ^ ^ 蹄:碎:+ w — 26 Ο 厂ο ,〇 (Τ ^°χί ° \ η6 6η F A δ 2.16-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.33 (m, 1H), 4.14-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.43-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.60-4.64 (m, 1H), 5.61-5.66 (m, 1H), 5.75 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 5.87-5.90 (m, 1H), 6.03-6.06 (m, 2H), 7.23-7.34 (m, 1H), 7.51-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.71 (m, 2H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 534.4 (534.1) 27 0 厂〇 ,〇 0Η ^'°Χ! 0 \ //~F HO ΟΗ F A δ 2.17-2.20 (m,1H),2.39-2.41 (m, 1H), 4.11-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.63 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J- 7 Hz), 5.95 (dd, 1H, J= 12, 3 Hz), 6.03-6.06 (m, 2H), 7.27-7.29 (m, 1H), 7.37-7.39 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.67-7.69 (m, 1H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 518.6 (518.1) 28 F3C~\ } Η0 ΟΗ cf3 A δ 2.08-2.36 (m, 2H), 4.17-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.61 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 5.73 (dd, 1H, 6, 3 Hz), 5.94-5.97 (m, 1H), 6.04-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.67-7.71 (m, 1H), 8.12-8.13 (m, 2H), 11.45 (s, 1H) 618.4 (618.1) 29 Ο 厂” ί\Η Ηό ΟΗ CF, A δ 2.22-2.32 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.33-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.45-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.58 (m, 1H), 5.59-5.63 (m, 1H), 5.73 (dd, 1H, J= 8, 1 Hz), 5.83 (dd, 1H, 11, 3 Hz), 6.04-6.06 (m, 2H), 7.64-7.70 (m, 2H), 7.72-7.79 (m, 3H), 11.46 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.1) 136255.doc -28- 200936146 IK 結構 程序1 *Η NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-J6) ?,I 命麻+ 一 30 0 Λ Λ // ΝΗ /~CF3 ηο οη A δ 2.06-2.09 (m, 1H), 2.39-2.42 (m, 1H), 4.18-4.28 (m, 3H), 4.36-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.63-4.65 (m, 1H), 5.59-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.75 (dd, 1H, J=6,2 Hz), 5.85 (d, 1H, J= 11 Hz), 6.05-6.09 (m, 2H), 7.60-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.70 (dd, 1H, J- 10, 2 Hz), 7.76-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.80-7.89 (m, 1H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.1) 31 0 厂〇 ,〇 0Η 〇 Ηό δΗ CN A δ 2.20-2.31 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.34-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.44-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.75 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 5.79 (d, 1H, /- 10 Hz), 6.04-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.61-7.68 (m, 1H), 7.69 (d, 1H, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.77-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.83-7.85 (m, 1H), 7.92 (d, 1H, J= 6 Hz), 11.46 (s, 1H) 507.1 (507.1) 32 0 ,〇 fiH U-xf ° /=\ Ν3 )~~ί yj HO ΟΗ cf3 A δ 2.23-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.14-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.35-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.46-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.59 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.65 (m, 1H), 5.74-5.76 (m, 1H), 5.84 (dd, 1H, /=11,4 Hz), 6.03-6.07 (m, 2H), 7.65-7.70 (m, 3H), 7.76-7.79 (m, 2H), 11.47 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.1) 33 Ο 厂〇汐 0Η S^tcI 0 HO OH Cl A δ 2.20-2.38 (m, 2H), 4.05-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.59-5.74 (m, 4H), 6.05 (m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.65 (m,lH), 7.58 (m, 1H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.0) 136255.doc -29- 200936146 實例ί 結構 程序1 】H NMR (500 MHz,DMSO-為) ώ -l· 34 HO 6h F A δ 2.20-2.38 (m„ 2H), 4.08-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60 (d, 1H, J= 8.2 Hz), 5.73 (m, 2H), 6.03 (m, 2H), 6.05 (m, 2H), 7.17 (m, 3H), 7.7 (d, 1H, 8.2 Hz), 7.65 (m, 1H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 518.6 (518.1) 35 \\ HO OH A 6 2.15-2.35 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60 (d, 1H, 7.9 Hz), 5.73 (m, 2H), 6.03 (m, 2H), 7.4 (m, 2H), 7.68 (d, 1H, J= 8.2 Hz), 8.6 (m, 2H), 11.30(s, 1H) 483.4 (483.1) 36 CK# ^ H〇 〇H Cl Cl A δ 2.18-2.38 (m,2H),4.08-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60 (d, 1H, 7.9 Hz), 5.73 (m, 2H), 6.03 (m, 2H), 7.4 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.71 (m, 3H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 550.4 (550.0) 37 /) H0 6h A δ 2.12-2.42 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60 (m, 1H), 5.74-5.80 (m, 2H), 6.04 (m, 2H), 7.4 (m, 1H), 7.65(m, 1H,), 7.85 (m, 1H), 8.55 (m,lH), 8.65 (m, 1H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 483.4 (483.1) 38 彳%^ HO 5h Br .HCI A δ 2.20-2.42 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60 (m, 1H), 5.74 (m, 1H), 5.80 (m, 1H), 6.04 (m, 2H), 7.6 (m, 1H), 8.12 (m, 1H,), 8.65 (m, 1H), 8.70 (m, 1H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 561.4 (561.0) 39 hP^: HO OH A δ 2.04-2.42 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.66 (m, 4H), 5.60 (m, 1H), 5.74 (m, 2H), 5.85 (m, 1H) 6.04 (m, 2H), 7.30 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.65(m, 2H), 7.80 (m, 1H), 8.55 (m, 1H), 8.65 (m, 1H), 11.50 (s, 1H) 500.9 (500.1) 136255.doc -30· 200936146 結構 想 !H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-£/6) 3^1 命+ 40 A δ 2.04-2.18 (m, 1H), 2.58-2.75 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.75 (m, 6H), 5.50-5.70 (m, 2H), 5.85 (m, 1H) 6.04 (m, 2H), 7.20 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 8.55 (m, 1H), 8.65 (m, 1H), 11.40 (s, 1H) 518.6 (518.1) 41 ”、,ρ Γτ a^'°,7Cl 0 〇cl HO OH A δ 2.00 (m, 1H), 2.90 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.75 (m, 6H), 5.50 (m, 1H), 5.75 (m, 1H) 6.00-6.10 (m, 2H), 6.25-6.30 (m, 1H), 7.40 (m, 2H), 7.60(m, 2H,), 7.65 (m, 1H), 11.50(s, 1H) 550.4 (550.0) 42 \_)~F HO OH Cl A δ 2.18 (m, 1H), 2.40 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.65 (m, 6H), 5.60 (m,lH), 5.75 (m, 1H), 5.85 (m, 1H), 6.00-6.10 (m, 2H), 7.35 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.60 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 11.45 (s, 1H) 534.4 (534.1) 43 友Φ F HO OH Br A δ 2.18 (m, 1H), 2.40 (m, 1H), 4.08-4.65 (m, 6H), 5.65 (m, 1H), 5.78 (m, 1H), 5.90 (m, 1H), 6.00-6.10 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.50 (m, 1H), 7.7 (m, 3H), 11.45 (s, 1H) 580.9 (580.0) 44 CK# HO OH NC A δ 2.05 (m, 2H), 4.08-4.65 (m, 6H), 5.65 (m, 1H), 5.78 (m, 1H), 5.92 (m,lH), 6.00-6.10 (m, 2H), 7.60 (m, 2H), 7.50-7.75 (m, 3H), 7.90 (m, 2H), 11.45 (s, 1H) 507.4 (507.1) 136255.doc -31 - 200936146 IK 結構 程序1 !H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) 麻麻+ — 45 厂。、,? (\H Q Cl /^0 B δ 1.02-1.06 (m, 6H), 2.19-2.42 (m, 6H), 4.38 (d, 2H, J= 6 Hz), 4.4-4.5 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.62 (dd, 1H, J= 1, 4 Hz), 5.68 (dd, 1H, J= 8, 2 Hz), 5.73-5.76 (m, 2H), 6.08 (d, 1H, J= 4 Hz), 7.38-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.81 (d, 1H, J - 8 Hz), 11.57(d, lH,/=2Hz) 628.9 (628.1) 46 0 Λ - /T^m 厂 〇、◊〇 i 1 C〇p'〇VyN 〇 B δ 1.17 (s, 9H) 1.19 (s, 9H), 2.21-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.31-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.56 (m, 1H), 5.56 (dd, 1H, 7= 10, 3 Hz), 5.66 (d, 1H, /- 8 Hz), 5.74 (m, 2H), 5.98 (d, 1H, J= 3 Hz), 7.38-7.43 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, 1H, J= 9 Hz), 11.56 (s, 1H) 684.6 (684.2) 47 q卜 B δ 0.83-0.87 (m, 6H) 1.25-1.32 (m, 4H), 1.47-1.54 (m, 4H), 2.21-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.31-2.38 (m, 4H), 4.36 (d, 2H, J= 7 Hz), 4.38-4.43 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.56 (m, 1H), 5.60-5.62 (m, 1H), 5.65 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 5.72-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.05 (d, 1H, J= 4 Hz), 7.38-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.57 (s, 1H) 684.6 (684.2) 48 0 i0J^ /-v° O rP..。瑪。 B δ 0.80-0.87 (m, 9H) 1.22-1.35 (m, 6H), 1.44-1.55 (m, 6H), 2.1-2.4 (m, 6H), 2.7-2.8 (m, 2H), 4.36 (d, 2H, J= 7 Hz), 4.3-4.6 (m, 2H), 5.63-5.75 (m, 768.6 (768.2) Q 〇 bA^ Cl 3H), 5.87 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 6.10 (d, 1H, J= 3 Hz), 7.36-7.47 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.91 (d, 1H, 7 - 8 Hz) 136255.doc •32- 200936146 V: 結構 程序1 JH NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) 3^1 49 0 ΝίΗ^Λ Cl , B δ 0.87-0.91 (m, 12H), 1.82-2.10(m, 2H), 2.20-2.50 (m, 6H), 4.30-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60-5.80 (m, 4H), 6.04 (d, 1H, J=3.5 Hz), 7.39-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.79 (d, 1H, J-7.9Hz), 11.55(s, 1H) 684.6 (684.2) 50 B δ 1.08-1.11 (m, 12H), 2.18-2.38 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.61 (m, 2H), 4.30-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60-5.80 (m, 4H), 6.04 (d, 1H, J= 3.2 Hz), 7.39-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.79 (d, lH,J=7.9Hz), 11.55 (s, 1H) 656.6 (656.1) 51 οφ B δ 0.84-0.90 (m, 6H), 1.49-1.57 (m, 4H), 2.28-2.50 (m, 6H), 4.35-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60-5.72 (m, 4H), 6.05 (d, 1H, J= 3.5 Hz), 7.41-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.78 (d, 1Η,7=8.1 Hz), 11.54 (s, 1H) 656.6 (656.1) 52 Λ 0^: C δ 0.80-0.95 (m,12H), 1.40-1.60(m, 8H), 2.15-2.35 (m„ 4H), 4.30-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.60-5.80 (m, 4H), 6.02 (m, 1H), 7.385-7.453 (m, 3H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.80 (m, 1H), 11.55 (s, 1H) 712.1 (712.2) 53 〇Ά。 q, ^ C δ 0.89-1.06 (m, 8H), 1.652-1.672 (m, 2H), 2.20-2.50 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.56-5.74 (m, 4H), 6.06 (d, 1H, J= 3.2 Hz), 7.41-7.48 (m, 3H), 7.79 (d, lH,J-7.9 Hz), 11.52 (s, 1H) 652.6 (652.6) 136255.doc 33- 200936146 結構 'H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-c?6) 3^1 麻命+ 54 α Γ c δ 0.14-0.16 (m, 4H), 0.47-0.48 (m, 4H), 0.93-0.96 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.33 (m, 6H), 4.38 (d, 2H, 6 Hz), 4.39-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.55-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.63-5.67 (m, 2H), 5.74-5.76 (m, 2H), 6.08 (d, 1H, 4 Hz), 7.38-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.57(s, 1H) 680.6 (680.1) 55 0 厂〇 〇 iV Μ ο./0 °t Cl Λ /ΓΝ (J V c δ 2.20-2.40 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.60 (m, 4H), 5.64-5.8 (m, 2H), 5.95-6.05 (m, 2H), 6.25 (m, 1H), 7.35-7.55 (m, 3H), 7.88 (m, 1H), 8.6 (s, 2H), 8.80 (m, 2H), 11.52 (s, 1H) 706.6 (706.1) 56 0 ,0 (%Η rP< Q 〇η Cl 0 ο-7 c 5 2.10-2.40 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.65 (m, 4H), 5.64-5.8 (m, 2H), 5.95-6.05 (m, 2H), 6.25 (m, 1H), 7.35-7.55 (m, 3H), 7.88-7.9 (m, 3H), 8.3-8.4 (m, 2H), 11.60(s, 1H) 704.6 (704.1) 57 Q 〇<ό 1 c, hn5 hO c δ 2.16-2.29 (m, 2H), 4.41-4.44 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.55 (m, 1H), 5.68 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 5.71-5.75 (m, 1H), 5.82-5.84 (m, 1H), 5.93 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 6.12-6.16 (m, 2H), 6.27 (d, 1H, J = 4 Hz), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.74 (s, 1H), 7.06-7.09 (m, 2H), 7.36-7.40 (m, 3H), 7.49 (d, 1H, 2 Hz), 7.87 (d, 1H, J= 9 Hz), 11.59 (s, 1H), 12.02 (s, 1H), 12.04 (s, 1H) 702.6 (702.1) 136255.doc -34- 200936146 ❻
ίΚ 結構 程序1 JH NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) 3 I 掉麥< 麻碎+ 58 η^: c δ 2.16-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.41-4.46 (m, 3H), 4.51-4.55(m, 1H), 5.68-5.75 (m, 2H), 5.93-5.95 (m, 1H), 6.02 (d, 1H, J=1 Hz), 6.28 (d, 1H, J - 3 Hz), 6.64 (s, 2H), 7.37-7.42 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.60 (s, 1H), 13.55-13.65 (m, 2H) 704.6 (704.1) 59 Q 〇彳ό ό( c, ^ D c δ 2.16-2.25 (m, 2H), 4.39-4.43 (m, 1H), 4.49-4.54 (m, 2H), 5.70-5.73 (m, 2H), 6.05 (dd, 1H, J= 10, 3 Hz), 6.18 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 6.39 (d, 1H, 3 Hz), 7.33-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.38-7.39 (m, 2H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.49-7.52 (m, 1H), 7.54-7.57 (m, 1H), 7.83 (d, IU,J= 8 Hz), 8.19-8.22 (m, 2H), 8.78-8.81 (m, 1H), 8.81-8.82 (m, 1H), 8.99 (d, 1H, J= 3 Hz), 9.02 (d, 1H, J= 2 Hz), 11.63 (s, 1H) 726.4 (726.1) 60 CK^ q, m r° ? c δ 1.09-1.13 (m, 6H), 2.21-2.25 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.53 (m, 4H), 4.06-4.17 (m, 4H), 4.39-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.54-4.56 (m, 1H), 5.66-5.70 (m, 2H), 5.74 (d, 1H, J= 11 Hz), 5.79 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 6.08 (d, 1H, J= 3 Hz), 7.37-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.57 (s, 1H) 688.9 (688.1) 136255.doc •35- 200936146 結構 鸪 'H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-i/6) MSM+1 實驗值 (計算值) 61 /Ο c δ 2.19-2.35 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.33 (m, 6H), 4.07-4.13 (m, 4H), 4.38-4.48 (m, 3H), 4.52-4.59 (m, 1H), 5.63-5.78 (m, 3H), 5.82 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 6.10 (d, 1H, J= 1 Hz), 7.38-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.59(s, 1H) 660.6 (660.1) 62 ——- Λη r-°, 〇° 0 Q 0iX ci 9 ° \ D δ 1.22 (t, 3H, J - 7 Hz), 1.23 (t, 3H, J =7 Hz), 2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.20 (m, 4H), 4.40-4.57 (m, 3H), 4.54-4.57 (ms 1H), 5.57 (dd, 1H, J= Ί, 4 Hz), 5.66 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 5.69 (dd, 2H, 7, 2 Hz), 5.75 (d, 1H, J= 10 Hz), 6.14 (d, 1H, 4 Hz), 7.38-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, 1H, 8 Hz), 11.58(s, 1H) 660.6 (660.1) 63 0 厂。…。0H U 0XJ 0 q a-〇v D δ 1.21-1.25 (m, 12H), 2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.41 (d, m,J=6 Hz), 4.43-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.54-4.57 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.80 (m, 2H), 5.56 (dd, 1H, J= Ί, 4 Hz), 5.64 (d, 1H, J= 7 Hz), 5.69 (d, 1H, 8 Hz), 5.75 (d, 1H, J= 10 Hz), 6.14 (d, 1H, J= 3 Hz), 7.38-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H, J= 8 Hz), 11.58 (s, 1H) 688.6 (688.1) I製備方法-方法a :參見正文中實例ίο之製備法;方法A :對 適當初始材料實施實例1步驟B且隨後實施實例2步驟C ;方法 B :對適當初始材料實施在實例3中所述方法;方法c :對適當 初始材料實施在實例4中所述方法;方法D :對適當初始材料實 施在實例6中所述方法。 136255.doc -36- 200936146 其中B係尿嘧啶之本發明化合物可按照在反應圖1中所示 來容易地製備。4’-疊氮基尿苷(丨)之製備闡述於w〇 05/000864中。化合物i至其2,,3,_〇亞異丙基衍生物2之轉 化能夠藉助試劑5促成選擇性磷酸化(如在w〇 07/022073中 所述),獲得3。隨後對亞異丙基基團實施適度水性水解, 獲得化合物4。化合物4可在2'及3'位處受到進一步官能團 化’此藉由用羰基二咪唑(CDi)處理以獲得6或藉由對2·及/ 或3'羥基實施酯化以獲得7 (如在w〇 07/022073中所述)來 達成。其中B係B-2、Y係〇或且R3係C^-Cs烷基之化合物 可按照先刖在文獻(Yoshimura等人,〜尽厶2〇〇4, 6:1793-1795)中所述自5,_經保護2或藉由許多其他已知 C4-嘧啶取代反應來製備。
4'-C-疊氮基·2,,3,-0-(ΐ_甲基亞乙基)_腺苷(8,CASRN 1048373-05-2)之製備已由j· μ. Chen等人闞述於WO 2008/100447 A2(2008年8月21日)中。8至磷酸酯之轉化可 藉由2-(4-硝基-苯氧基)_4_(雜)芳基_π,3,2]二氧膦雜環己烷 2-氧化物之磷酸化、酸催化脫縮酮化及醯化反應以與實例 1至6中更詳細地闡述之嘧啶衍生物製備相似的方式來完 成。 儘管下文實例闡述具體醯化程序,但一名熟習此項技術 者應理解,許多變化形式為吾人所熟知且可經改造以適合 本發明。可藉助相應的醯基鹵或酸酐在諸如CH2Cl2、 CHC13、CC14、Et20、THF、二《惡炫、苯、甲笨、MeCN、 DMF、水或環丁砜等溶劑中,視情況於無機鹼或有機鹼存 136255.doc -37- 200936146 在時方便地實施醯化,該等醯基齒或酸酐可自相應的羧酸 製備。典型有機鹼包括三級胺,包括但不限於吡啶、甲基 〇比咬、膽AP、三乙胺(Et3N)、三丁胺、二異丙基乙基胺 ΦΙΡΕΑ)、N-甲基嗎啡啉(NMM)及基六氫吡啶。典型 無機鹼包括但不限於Κχ〇3、Na2C〇3& NaHc〇3。 ❹ 或者,可藉由於偶合劑存在或不存在時在惰性溶劑中對 醇與酸實施偶合反應來製備酷,該偶合劑可為(例如)二酿 亞胺(例如,1·(3_二甲基胺基丙基)3乙基碳化二亞胺氫氣 酸鹽、二環己基碳化二亞胺、2_乙氧基_ν_乙氧基幾基-1’2_ 一氫喧#、苯并三嗤小基氧基卷二甲基胺基)六氣磷 ,鐫(ΒΟΡ)、偶氮二甲酸二乙酯_三苯基膦、氰基磷酸二乙 S曰、疊氮磷酸二乙酯、碘化4 +甲基吼咬鑌、或氣甲酸 乙醋,該惰性溶劑可為(例如)丙酮、二甲基甲醯胺、乙 腈;函化烴’例如,二氣曱燒、二氣乙烧、氣仿;及喊, 例如’四氫》夫喃及二嗯烧。倘若需要,則此反應可於諸如 1-經基苯并三M h絲氣雜苯并三4 #添加劑存在時或 於諸如N_甲基嗎衫驗存在時實施。-名熟習此項技術者 可容易地完成適宜條件識別' 136255.doc -38- 200936146 反應圖1
© DIPEA,DMAP,CH2C12, (v) 1,1-羰基二咪唑,THF 本發明所涵蓋O-烷基化尿苷化合物可藉由按照反應圖2 所繪示對經保護尿嘧啶衍生物實施烷基化反應來製備。一 名熟習此項技術者應理解,儘管反應圖2及下列實例利用 曱矽烷基醚作為羥基保護基團,但亦可使用其他保護基 團。可對2,,3,-0-二酯(R =醯基)實施反應圖2之#驟11以提 ' 供額外4-0-醯基產物。 136255.doc -39- 200936146 反應圖2
...,—11:R = TBS 1,1 ·—<► 12:R = H I, Et3N, 試劑,條件:(i)TBSCl,咪唑,DMF ; (ii)(a)/>TsCl,> CH2C12; (b) EtOH, Et3N; (iii) Et4NF, THF TBS=第三-Bu(Me)2Si 使用環狀5'磷酸酯衍生物(例如化合物A及化合物B)處理 大鼠肝細胞可使胞嘧啶-及尿嘧啶取代之核糖核苷達成核 苷三磷酸濃度之劑量依賴性增加。當藉由靜脈投藥對大鼠 投與A及B時,與母體核苷相比,胞嘧啶取代之核糖磷酸 酯A呈現極低的NTP濃度。尿嘧啶取代之核糖磷酸酯產生 大量的相應三鱗酸S旨。 ❹
HO OH HO OH
化合物A
化合物B 136255.doc 40- 200936146 表2 大鼠肝細胞NTP 在3 h時之肝NTP 在3 h時之肝NTP (nmol/i ;,濃度) _(腹腔注射捋g 鼻,nmol/g) (經口投藥 ,nmol/g) 10 μΜ 100 μΜ Hi fNTPl 劑t ime/kg) fNTPl R1479 <LOQ 1.0 4 0.04 8 0.00 化合物A 36.0 164.0 5 0.04 10 0.19 4’-疊氮基尿苷 <LOQ 0.2 5 0.10 10 0.00 化合物B 123.5 374.3 4 24.5 8 1.58
在經口投藥後觀測到肝臟中之低濃度核苷三磷酸會造成 問題,此乃因對於化合物投藥而言,並不期望過長時期地 實施靜脈投藥。當必須維持抗病毒劑高濃度以抑制抗性菌 株選擇時,此會引發額外問題。現在已經發現核糖核苷之 醯化可提升經由腸之吸收並在門脈循環中提供高濃度磷酸 化核苷,其可經由肝臟吸收並轉化成三填酸酯。 按照在實例2中所述對該等酯實施藥物動力學分析。。/。Jr" 之計算值係所量測得存於肝後循環中之數量(AUCs m)與肝
前》農度(AUCri脈)之比率。 % F肝臟 AUC 脈 AUC d 脈
xlOO 此數值反映肝細胞對前藥之吸收。預計,把向肝細胞之 化合物可呈現明顯小於AUC門脈之AUC «脈數值。此等數值 反映未經酯化藥物磷酸酯26a之觀測濃度。計算值係 在經靜脈投與相同劑量後於門靜脈中所觀測的26a濃度(直 接反映經由腸之吸收)與於頸靜脈中所觀測的濃度間之比 率。 136255.doc -41 - 200936146 %F» AI_JC«〇投藥,門酿 Λ ΑΓν -χ 100 AXJOtt靜贓投· *頦觚 經由腸之吸收增加會導致所觀測的%F»增加。 在經口投藥後藥物在肝細胞中之濃度可藉由下式來估 計:
n/_ AUC «〇sn %F =-xlOO AUC 嫌靜臧投供 表3 化合物 門靜脈 AUC、一/劑量 頸靜脈 AUC、-。〇/劑量 %F肝臟 %F* %F B 179 4.43 2.5 32.7 0.81 45 7.98 0.25 3.1 1.5 0.05 1 AUC=曲線下面積=26a之循環濃度(ng*h/mL/mg/kg) 投與B (5 mg/kg)及43 (7 mg/kg)產生近乎等同的肝細胞 吸收功效,如藉由類似o/oFot *所證實。在經過腸期間,二 酯43容易水解成26a且沒有觀測到循環二酯。因此,預計 並觀測到肝細胞可有效地吸收經口投與之B或43。令人感 到驚奇的是,該二酯與B相比可更有效地經由腸吸收(如由 43之%F»增加22倍所證實)並有效地轉化成B且被肝細胞吸 收。 本發明化合物作為HCV活性抑制劑之活性可藉由彼等熟 習此項技術者已知之任一適宜方法(包括活體内及活體外 分析)來量測。舉例而言,可藉由抑制NS5B聚合酶來抑制 HCV之式I化合物可使用在Behrens等人,五M50 1996 15:12-22, Lohmann 等人,Virology 1998 249:108-1 18 and Ranjith-Kumar等人,·/. Kiro/ogj 2001 75:8615-8623 中所述 136255.doc -42- 200936146 標準分析程序來測定。 本發明之化合物可以多種σ服劑型及載劑調配。可以鍵 劑、糖衣錠劑、糖衣藥丸、硬及軟明膠膠囊、溶液、乳 液、糖漿劑、或懸浮液之形式實施經口投藥。本發明化人 物當藉由其他投藥途徑投藥時亦有效,彼等其他投藥賴 尤其包括連續的(靜脈滴注)局部非經腸、肌内、靜脈内、 皮下、透皮(其可包括滲透促進劑)、經口腔、經鼻、吸入
及栓劑給藥。較佳投藥方式通常係經口實施,其採用可根 據患病程度及患者對活性成份之反應加以調節之適宜日投 藥方案。 χ 本發明之一種化合物或若干化合物以及其醫藥上可用之 鹽可與-種或多種習用賦形劑、載劑或稀釋劑一起製成醫 藥組合物形式及單位劑型。該等醫藥組合物及單位劑型可 由習知成份以習知比例組成且可含有或不含額外活性化合 物或成份,且該等單位劑型可含有任何與欲採用之預期日 劑量範圍相當之適宜有效量之活性成份。該等醫藥組合物 可作為適於口服之固體(例如,錠劑或經填充之膠囊)、半 固體、粉末、持續釋放之調配物或液體(例如,溶液、懸 浮液、乳液、醜劑或經填充之膠囊)施予;或以適於直腸 或陰道投藥之栓劑形式施予;或以適於非經腸使用之無菌 注射液形式施予。典型製劑可含有自約5%至約95%的:種 或若干活性化合物(w/w)。術語「製劑」或「劑型」欲包 括該活性化合物之固體調配物及液體調配物兩者且熟習1 項技術者應瞭解,活性成份可端視托器官或組織並端視期 136255.doc •43- 200936146 望劑量及藥物動力學參數而存於不同製劑中。 本文所用術語「賦形劑」係指可用於製備醫藥組合物之 化合物’其通常安全、無毒並在生物學上及其他方面均益 不良後果’且包括可滿足獸醫應用以及人類製藥使用要求 之賦形劑。本發明化合物可單獨投與但通常會與一種或多 種根據預期投藥途徑及標準醫藥實踐所選擇適宜醫藥職形 劑、稀釋劑或載劑混合投與。 ❹
醫藥上可接受之」意指通常安全、無毒且在生物上或 其他方面可接受且可用於製備醫藥組合物者。 ^活性成份之「醫藥上可接受之鹽」形式亦可在開始時向 5亥活性成份提供在非鹽形式中不具有的期望藥物動力學特 性,並就該活性成份在體内之治療活性而言甚至可對該活 性成份之藥效動力產生有利影響。片語化合物之「醫藥上 可接受之鹽」意指醫藥上可接受的且具有期望的母體化合 物藥理活性之鹽。該等鹽包括:(1)酸加成鹽,由諸如氫氣 酸、氣邊酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、及諸如此類等無機酸形 成;或由諸如下列有機酸形成:乙酸、丙酸、己酸、環戍 烧丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、蘋果 酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、苯甲酸、3-(4-羥 基苯甲酿基)笨甲酸、肉桂酸、苯乙醇酸、曱烷磺酸、乙 炫·㈣酸、1,2-乙烷-二磺酸、2-羥基乙烷磺酸、苯磺酸、4· 氣笨續酸、2-萘磺酸、4-曱苯磺酸、樟腦磺酸、4-甲基二 環[2.2.2]-辛-2-烯-1-甲酸,葡庚糖酸、3-苯基丙酸、三甲 基乙酸、第三丁基乙酸、月桂基硫酸、葡萄糖酸、穀胺 136255.doc 200936146 ι、赵基萘甲酸、水揚酸、硬脂酸、黏康酸及諸如此類; 或(2)當存於母體化合物中之酸性質子由金屬離子(例如, 鹼金屬離子、鹼土金屬離子、或鋁離子)替代時;或與有 機驗(例如,乙醇胺、一乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、胺丁三醇、 N甲基葡糖胺、及諸如此類)結合時形成之鹽。 ,固體形式製劑包括粉劑、錠劑、丸劑、膠囊、扁囊劑、 栓劑及可分散顆粒。固體载劑可為一種或多種亦可作為稀 釋劑、調味劑、增溶劑、潤滑劑、懸浮劑、黏合劑、防腐 β 冑、鍵劑崩解劑或封勝材料之物質。在粉劑中,載劑通常 係與微細活性組份混合之微細固體。在錠劑中,活性組份 通㊉與具有所需黏合能力之載劑以適宜比例混合並壓製為 期望之形狀及大小。適宜載劑包括但不限於碳酸鎮、硬脂 酸鎮π石粉、糖、乳糖、果膠、糊精、殿粉、明膠、續 箸膝甲基纖維素、缓甲基纖維素納、低熔點蠛、可可油 諸如此類。固體形式製劑除含有活性組份外,亦可含有 Ρ 者色劑、橋味劑、穩定劑、緩衝劑、人工及天然甜味劑、 分散劑、增铜劑、增溶劑及諸如此類。 液體調配物亦適合於經口投藥,所涵蓋液體調配物包括 礼液、糖漿劑、驰劑、水性溶液、水性懸浮液。該等包括 意欲在即將使用之前轉變為液體形式製劑之固體形式製 齊J乳液可在溶液中(例如,於水性丙二醇溶液中)製備, 或可含有乳化劑’例如,㈣脂、山梨糖醇針單油酸醋或 Μ拉伯膠。水性溶液可藉由將活性組份溶於水中並加入適 且著色劑、調味劑、穩定劑及增稍劑來製備。水性懸浮液 136255.doc •45·
❹ 200936146 可藉由將微細活性組份與黏性材料(例如,天 膠、樹脂、甲基纖維素、羧某 …、或。成 、羧基甲基纖維素鈉及其他習知夕 憨浮劑)一起分散於水中來製備。 本發明之該等化合物可經調配用於非經腸投藥⑼如藉 。注射’例如漠注(bolus injeeti〇n)或持續輸注),且可以 單位劑型安瓶、預填充注射器、小體積輸注或以多劑量容 器添加防腐劑之形式提供。該等組合物可呈於油性或水性 媒劑中之懸浮液、溶液或乳液之形式,例如於水性聚乙二 醇中之溶液。油性或非水性載劑、稀釋劑、溶劑或媒劑: 實例包括丙一醇、聚乙二醇、植物油(例如撖欖油)及可注 射有機酿(例如油酸乙醋),且可含有調配劑,例如防腐 劑、潤濕劑、乳化劑或懸浮劑、穩定劑及/或分散劑。或 者,該活性成份在與適宜媒劑(例如滅菌無熱原水)使用前 可為粉末形式,其可藉由無菌分離滅菌固體或藉纟組成溶 液凍乾獲得。 本發明之化合物可經調配為軟膏、乳霜或洗劑或經皮貼 片局部施用於表皮。舉例而言,軟膏和乳霜可以水或油性 基質添加適且增稠劑及/或膠凝劑調配。洗劑可用水性或 油性基質調配’通常亦含有一種或多種乳化劑、穩定劑、 分散劑、懸浮劑、增稠劑或著色劑。適用局部施用於口腔 之調配物包含活性劑於矯味基質(通常為蔗糖及阿拉伯膠 或黃耆)中之含片(lozenges);包含活性成份於惰性基質(例 如明膠及甘油或蔗糖及阿拉伯膠)中之軟錠(pastilles);及 包含活性成份於適宜液體載劑中之漱口劑。 136255.doc -46· 200936146 本發明之化合物可經調配為栓劑投藥。首先將低熔點蠟 (例如脂肪酸甘油酯或可可脂之混合物)融化並藉由例如攪 拌使活性組份均句分散。然後將該溶融均相混合物倒入合 適大小之模具中,使其冷卻並凝固。 本發明之化合物可經調配用於陰道投藥。子宮托、棉塞 (_Ρ—、乳霜、凝膠、糊劑、泡沫劑或噴霧劑,除活性 成份外,亦包含此項技術中已知適宜之载劑。 ❹ 本發明之化合物可經調配用於經鼻投藥。該等溶液或懸 洋液可直接藉由習用方式(例如用滴管、吸管或喷霧)直接 施於鼻腔内。該等調配物可以單劑型或多劑型提供。在使 用滴管或吸管的情況下,可藉由向患者施用適當預定體積 之溶液或懸浮液來實現鼻腔施藥。 市右嘎耨,則可藉由例如 计篁霧化噴霧幫浦來實現。 本發明之化合物可經調配以用於噴霧投藥,具體而士, 投藥至呼吸道且包括鼻内投藥。該等化合物之粒徑-:較 二例如’約5微米或更小。此粒徑可藉由業内已知的方 ^例如,藉由微粉化)獲得1性成份可與適宜推進劑(例 if氣碳化物(CFC)(例如’二氣二氣甲燒、三氣敦甲烧 tr敦乙烧)或二氧化碳或其他適宜之氣體)一起提供 =加壓封裝件中。該氣霧劑亦可便_含有表面活㈣, :二印磷脂。可藉由計量閥控制藥物劑量。或者,活性 成伤可以乾燥粉末形式提供 例如,化合物存於適宜粉末 =如:糖、殿粉,衍生物(例如,經基丙基甲 維素)和聚乙浠基中之粉末混合物。粉末 136255.doc -47- 200936146 載劑可在鼻腔内形成凝膠。粉末組合物可以單位劑型存 在,例如,以(例如)明膠或泡罩包裝之膠囊或藥筒形式存 在’藉助吸入器可自其投與粉末。 當需要時,所製備調配物可具有適於持續或受控釋放投 與活性成份之腸溶包衣。舉例而言,本發明之化合物可調 配於經皮或皮下藥物遞送裝置中。當需要持續釋放該化合 物且當患者對治療方案之依從性為關鍵因素時此等遞送系 統較為有利。經皮遞送系統中之化合物經常與皮膚附著性 ® 固體載體配合使用。相關化合物亦可與滲透促進劑(例 如,Az〇ne(1十二烷基氮雜環庚_2_酮))組合。持續釋放遞 送系統可藉由手術或注射經皮下嵌入皮下層。皮下埋植劑 將化合物封裝入脂質可溶膜(例如,聚矽氧橡膠或生物可 降解聚合物,例如,聚乳酸)中。 適宜調配物以及醫藥載劑、稀釋劑及賦形劑闡釋於 Remington之「製藥科學與實踐」β…π 珍 〇/以靠卿,^E,w. Martin編輯,㈣趾⑽ 公司,第19版,Easton,Pennsylvania)中。一熟習配藥技術 人員可在本說明書教示内容範圍内改良該等調配物以提供 多種用於特定投藥途徑之調配物,且不會致使本發明組合 物不穩定或損害其治療活性。 對本發明化合物加以改變以使其更易溶於水或其他媒劑 中舉例而3 ,可谷易地藉由較小變化(鹽形成、酯化等 等)而達成,此為熟習此項技術者所習知。普通技術人員 亦明瞭,為控制本發明化合物之藥物動力學以在患者體内 136255.doc •48- 200936146 獲得最大有益作用,可對特定化合物之投藥途徑及劑量方 案加以改變。
本文所用術語「治療有效量」意指—可減輕個體之疾病 症狀所需之量。在每-具體情況下,應將劑量調整至適合 個體需要。彼劑量可端視多種因素而在寬廣範圍内變化, 該等因素係(例如)欲治療疾病之嚴重程度、患者之年齡及 大體健康狀況、用以治療此患者之其他藥物、投藥途徑及 形式及相關從業醫師之偏好及經驗。對於經口投藥而言, 一自介於約0.01至約1000 mg/kg體重/日之間的日劑量在單 一療法及/或組合療法中應為適當的。較佳曰劑量係介於 約〇·1至約500 mg/kg體重/日,更佳為〇1至約1〇〇111§/]^體 重/曰且最佳係1.0至約1〇 mg/kg體重/日。因此,對於7〇 j^g 人員投藥而言’劑量範圍可為約7 ^^至〇 7 g/曰。該曰劑 量可作為單劑量投藥或以分次劑量(通常每曰給藥1至5次) 投藥。通常,開始時用較該化合物之最佳劑量為小之劑量 治療。此後,逐步少量增加劑量,直至達到該個體患者之 最佳效果為止。對於既定疾病及患者而言,一名熟習治療 本文所述疾病者無需進行過多實驗而根據個人知識、經驗 及本申請案之揭示内容即能確定本發明化合物之治療有效 量。 在本發明實施例中’該活性化合物或鹽可與另一抗病毒 試劑(例如,利巴韋林,核苷HCV聚合酶抑制劑)、另一 HCV非核普聚合酶抑制劑或HCV蛋白酶抑制劑組合投藥。 當該活性化合物或其衍生物或鹽係與另一抗病毒試劑組合 136255.doc -49- 200936146 投藥時,其活性可增強至超過母體化合物。當該治療係組 合治療時,此投藥可與該等核苷衍生物之投藥同時或依序 進行。本文所用「同時投藥」因而包括該等試劑在同一時 間或在不同時間之投藥。在同一時間施用兩種或多種試劑 可藉由一含有兩種或多種活性成份之單一調配物達成或藉 由實質同時投與兩種或更多種含一種活性試劑之劑型達 成。 應瞭解,本文中所提及「治療」應擴展至預防性治療以 及現有病況之治療。此外,本文所用術語Hcv感染之「治 療J亦包括與HCV感染有關或由HCV感染介導之疾病或病 況或其臨床症狀之治療或預防。 概言之,治療有效量之本發明化合物及(視情況)一種或 多種額外抗病毒劑係可有效地減少病毒負荷或實現病毒對 療法之持續響應的數量。持續響應以及病毒負荷之有效指 示包括但不限於肝纖維化、肝臟之血清轉胺酶濃度及壞死 炎性活性升高。標記之一個常見實例(意欲例示而非加以 限制)係血清丙胺酸轉胺酶(ALT),其藉由標準臨床分析加 以量測。在本發明之某些實施例中’有效治療方案係一個 可將ALT含量減少至小於約45 IU/mL血清之方案。 該等醫藥製劑較佳為單位劑型。在此形式中,將該製劑 再分為含有適宜量活性組份之若干單位劑量。該單位劑型 可為包裝製劑,該包裝含有分散量之製劑,例如,小包裝 錠劑、膠囊及存於小瓶或安瓿中之粉劑◦而且,該單位劑 型自身亦可為膠囊、錠劑、丸劑或菱形錠劑,或其可為適 136255.doc -50- 200936146 宜量之任何該等封裝形式。 實例1 4'_疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(SM3-氣苯基)·2-氧基4,3,2-二氧 雜磷雜環己烷-2·基]胞苦之製備
步驟A : 4,-疊氮基-2,,3,-0_亞異丙基胞苷之製備_在氮蒙 氣中’向按照在WO 05000864中所述所製備4'-整氮基胞苦 (3.0 g,10.56 mmol)存於丙酮(60 mL)與#,iV-二曱基甲醯胺 (60 mL)之1:1混合物中的經攪拌溶液中相繼添加對曱苯磺 酸(6.18 g,32.5 mmol))及 2,2-二甲氧基丙烷(60 mL)。藉由 TLC監測該反應進程且在1 6 h後反應完全時用氨水溶液中 和該反應物。該反應混合物在減壓下經濃縮並藉由管柱層 φ 析(使用存於二氣甲烷中之8%甲醇)純化以獲得白色粉末狀 期望產物(1.5 g,44%)。 步驟B : 4’-疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜靖雜環己烷_2_基】_2’,3,-〇-亞異丙基胞苷之製 備-在氮蒙氣中,向4'-疊氮基亞異丙基胞苷(300 mg, 0.92 mmol)存於THF (19 mL)之經攪拌溶液中添加第三丁基 氣化鎮存於THF (2 Μ,1·4 mL,2.85 mmol)中之溶液。將該 反應物在環境溫度下授拌30 min並添加一份填酸化試劑 136255.doc •51- 200936146 (555 mg,1.57 mmol)。將該反應混合物在室溫下攪拌is h (TLC)。用飽和氣化敍溶液中止該反應並用EtOAc (3 X 25 mL)萃取。合併萃取物用水洗滌並經乾燥。在減壓下去除 溶劑並藉由管柱層析(使用存於二氯甲烷中之10% MeOH) 純化殘留物以獲得純淨磷酸化產物(300 mg,59%)。 步驟C : 4’·疊氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2_基】胞苷之製備-在〇°C下,向 90%三氟乙酸水溶液中添加經亞異丙基保護之前藥(300 © mS,0.54 mmol)。在反應完全後將該混合物升溫至室溫並 攪拌3 h (TLC)且濃縮。藉由用10% MeOH·二氣曱烷洗脫對 殘留物實施層析以獲得120 mg (43%)白色固體狀標題化合 物:NMR (500 MHz,CD3OD) δ: 7.65 (d,1H,),7.45 (s, 1Η), 7.42-7.28 (m, 4H), 6.1 (s, 1H), 5.85 (d, 1H), 5.68 (m, 2H), 4.68-4.24(m,4H), 2.45 - 2.20 (m, 2H); LC-MS :對於 C18H2〇ClN6〇8Pi計算值:515.8 (m+H)+;實驗值:515.6 (M+H)+。 實例2 4'-疊氮基-順式_5,_〇_[4_(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧 - 雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷之製備
步擇A : 4,-疊氮基_2,,3,-0-亞異丙基尿苷之製備-按照 136255.doc -52- 200936146 在實例1步驟A所述自4'-疊氮基尿苷(按照在w〇 05000864 中所述製得)製備41·疊氮基-2,,3·-0-亞異丙基尿苷(650 mg, 71%)。TLC (Si02) Rf: 0.50 ’ 在 10% MeOH-二氣甲烷中; 丨H NMR (500 MHz,DMSOO δ 1.32 (s,3H),1.58 (s,3H), 3.61 (dd, 1H, J = 12, 6 Hz), 3.64 (dd, 1H, / = 12, 6 Hz), 4.97 (d, 1H, J = 7Hz), 5.12 (dd, 1H, J = 3 Hz), 5.64 (t, 1H, J = 6 Hz), 5.67 (dd, 1H, J = 8, 1 Hz), 6.04 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz), 7.79 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 1 1.48 (s, 1H) 〇
步驟B : 4’·疊氮基-順式-S,-〇_[4_(S)_(3_氣苯基)_2·氧基_ 1,3’2·一氧雜磷雜環己烷基】-2,,3,-0-亞異丙基尿苷之製 備β按照在實例丨步驟B中所述形成2,,3,_亞異丙基_4,_疊氮基 ❹ 尿苷之刚藥(110 mg,64%)。4 NMR (500 MHz,DMSO〇 δ !·33 (s, 3H), 1.60 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.30 (m, 2H), 4.31 (d, 2H, J 7 Hz)> 4.38-4.45 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.04 (d, 1H’ J ~ 7 Hz),5.28 (dd,1H,j = 7,2 Hz),5.65 (d, 1H, 8Hz),5.74 (dt,1H,= 11,3 Hz),6 05 (d,1H,/ = 2 Hz), 7.40 7.47 (m, 3H), 7.52 (s, ih), 7.82 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 1 L54 (s, 1H)。 136255.doc -53- 200936146
步驟C : 4,-疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氯苯基)-2-氧基· 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基】尿苷之製備在rt下,將步 驟 B 之產物(ι·〇〇 g,1.8 mmol)在 5 mL 甲醇及 0.75 mL 濃 HC1 (9·0 mmol)中攪拌16 h。該溶液用EtOAc稀釋、用飽和
NaHC〇3水溶液洗滌。分離各層並用EtOAc萃取水性層且合 併有機層經乾燥(MgS04)並蒸發以提供0.83 g (89%)非晶形 白色固體狀化合物:1HNMR(500 MHz,DMSO-ί/6)δ2.16- 2.30 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.38 (q, 1H, J = 6 Hz), 4.4-4.5 (m, 1H), 4.53-4.6 (m, 1H), 5.62 (d, 1H, /= 8 Hz), 5.72-5.75 (m, 2H), 6.07 (d, 2H, 7 = 6 Hz), 7.40-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, 1H, 7 = 8 Hz), 11.48 (s, 1H); LC_MS .計算值:cuH19C1N509P,516.1 (M+H)+,觀測 值:m/e 516.6 (M+H)+。 實例3 2,3 -〇_雙-乙酿基·4'_疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2_氧基_1’3’2-二氧雜碟雜環己烧-2_基]尿#之製備
136255.doc -54· 200936146 在0C下,向4'-疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧 基-1,3,2 - 一氧雜麟雜環己烧-2 -基]尿苦(實例2) (5〇2 mg 0.973 mmol)存於THF (5.0 mL)之溶液中添加N,N_:異丙基 乙胺(1.29 mL,7.81 mmol)及4-二甲基胺基吡啶(61 3 mg, 0.502 mmol) ’ 繼而添加乙酸肝(0.55 mL,5.82 mmol)。將 該反應混合物在室溫下攪拌60 min,隨後用飽和碳酸氫鈉 水溶液(20 mL)稀釋並用乙酸乙醋(2x20 mL)萃取。有機層 用水(20 mL)及鹽水(20 mL)沖洗、經乾燥(Na2S〇4)並蒸 〇 發。粗製產物藉由石夕膠管柱層析純化,用二氣甲烧_曱醇 (97:3)洗脫以獲得360 mg (88%)白色固體狀標題化合物: XU NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-af6) δ 2.06 (s, 3Η), 2.09 (s, 3H), 2.26 (m, 2H), 4.37 (d, 2H, J — 6.5 Hz), 4.54 (m, 1H), 4.55 (m, 1H), 5.59 (m, 1H), 5.66 (d, 1H, 7 = 8 Hz), 5.68 (d, 1H, J = 6.5 Hz), 5.74 (dd, 1H, J = 4.5, 3.5 Hz), 6.08 (s, 1H), 7.37 (d, IH, J = 2 Hz), 7.43 (m, 2H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.79 (d,
❹ 1H,《/= 8 Hz),11.56 (s,1H); LC-MS :對於 C22H23C1N5OuP 之計算值:600.1 (M+H)+,觀測值:m/e 600.9 (M+H)+。 實例4 4 -叠氮基-順式_5'_〇_[4_(8)-(3_氣苯基)_2_氧基_1,3,2_二氧 雜璘雜環己烧-2-基]-2·,3’-0-雙-(3 -曱氧基丙醯基)尿苦之製備
136255.doc •55· 200936146
將4'-疊氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷(實例2) (96 mg, 0.19 mmol)、3 -甲氧基丙酸(0.069 mL,0,74 mmol)、EDCI (142 mg,0.74 mmol)及 DMAP (90 mg,0.74 mmol)存於 1 mL DMF 中之混合物在rt下擾拌4h,用EtOAc稀釋,用5% HC1水溶 液、水、飽和NaHC〇3水溶液、鹽水洗滌,乾燥(MgS〇4)並 蒸發。對殘留物實施Si02層析並用存於己烧中之66-90% EtOAc (經20 min斜坡變化)洗脫以提供62 mg (47%)白色固 ❿ 體狀標題化合物:1HNMR(500 MHz,DMSO-£/6)δ2.21- 2.28 (m, 2H), 2.60-2.63 (m, 4H), 3.21 (s, 6H), 3.54-3.56 (m, 4H), 4.36 (d, 2H, J = 6.5 Hz), 4.37-4.44 (m5 1H), 4.54. 4.56 (m, 1H), 5.63-5.73 (m, 2H), 5.74-5.76 (m, 2H), 6.〇8 (s, 1H), 7.37 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 7.42-7.44 (m, 2H), 7.50 (s> 1H), 7.78 (d,1H,= 8 Hz), 11.57 (s,1H); LC-MS :對於 C26H31C1N5013P之計算值:688」(m+H)+,觀測值:m/e 688.9 (M+H)+ 〇 實例5 4’-疊氮基-2’’3’-〇-羰基.順式_5’_〇_[4_(8)_(3_氣苯基)_2、氧 基-1,3,2-二氧雜鱗雜環己烧_2_基]尿苷之製備
向4'-疊氮基-順式_5,_〇·[4·(δ)_(3_氯苯基)2氧基·13,\ 136255.doc -56- 200936146 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷(實例2) (823 mg,1.60 mmol) 存於THF (8_2 mL)之溶液中添加幾基二0米0坐(γη 4.82 mmol)。將該反應混合物在室溫下攪拌16 h,隨後用 水(20 mL)稀釋且用乙酸乙酯(2x2〇 mL)萃取。有機層用 水、鹽水洗務’經乾燥(NajO4)並蒸發。藉由石夕膠管柱層 析純化殘留物並用乙酸乙酯洗脫以獲得261 mg (3〇%)白色 固體狀標題化合物:4 NMR (500 MHz,DMSO〇 δ 2_19_ 2.32 (m, 2H), 4.39-4.59 (m, 4H), 5.50 (d, 1H, J = 7.5 Hz), © 5.67 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 5.74-5.77 (m, 2H), 6.30 (s, 1H), 7.39-7.47 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, 1H, 7 = 8 Hz), 11.63 (s,1H); LC-MS :對於 C 丨 9H17C1N50 丨 0P 之計算值: 542.0 (M+H)+,觀測值:m/e 542.6 (M+H)+。 實例6 41-疊氮基-順式-5i-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2_二氧 雜填雜環己炫-2-基]尿苷2’,3’-0-雙-(曱氧基碳酸酯)之製備
在〇°C下,向4,-疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(SK3-氣苯基)_2-氡 基-I,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷(實例2) (5〇〇 mg, 0.97 mmol)及 DMAP (293 mg,2.4 mmol)存於 5 mL CH2C12 之溶液中添加氯甲酸甲酯(0.19 mL,2.4 mmol)並將所得溶 液在rt下攪拌1 h,用CHAh稀釋且用5% HC1水溶液、鹽水 136255.doc -57- 200936146 洗滌,乾燥(MgSCU)並藉由在減壓下蒸發來濃縮,此會沈 澱出標題化合物,322 mg (53%白色固體:NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-J6) δ 2.19-2.28 (m, 2Η), 3.74 (s, 6H), 4.37-4.47 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.57 (m5 1H), 5.57 (dd, 1H, J = Ί, Λ Hz), 5.67 (d, 1H, J = 7 Hz), 5.69 (dd, 2H, 9, 3 Hz), 5.75 (d, 1H, /=11 Hz), 6.14 (d, 1H, / = 3 Hz), 7.38-7.46 (m, 3H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.80 (d,1H,/ = 8 Hz), 1 1.59 (s,1H); LC-MS :對 於C22H23C1N5〇i3P之計算值:632·1 (M+H)+,觀測值:m/e © 632.6 (M+H)+。 實例7 4匕疊氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-i,3,2-二氧 雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2’,3·-0-雙-(第三丁氧基碳酸酯)之 製備
在-20°C下,向4'-疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷(實例2) (600 mg, 1.16 mmol)及 DMAP (285 mg,2.33 mmol)存於 6 mL CH2C12 之溶液中添加二碳酸二-第三丁酯(〇·53 mL,2.33 mmol)並 將該混合物在-20°C下攪拌2 h。隨後’該混合物用CH2C12 稀釋並用5% HC1水溶液、鹽水洗滌’經乾燥(MgS04)並蒸 發。對殘留物實施Si02層析並用存於己烷中之50-75% 136255.doc •58· 200936146
EtOAc (經20 min斜坡變化)洗脫以提供544 mg (65%)白色 固體狀標題化合物:4 NMR (500 MHz,DMSO-A) δ 1·41 (s, 9H), 1.42 (s, 9H), 2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.37-4.47 (m, 3H), 4.53-4.57 (m, 1H), 5.51 (dd, 1H, 7 = 7, 4 Hz), 5.58 (d, 1H, J = 8 Hz), 5.68 (dd, 2H, J = 8, 3 Hz), 5.75 (d, 1H, 7-10 Hz), 6.12 (d, 1H, J = 4 Hz), 7.38-7.45 (m, 3H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.83 (d, 1H, / = 8 Hz), 11.57 (d, 1H, J = 2 Hz); LC-MS :對於C28H35C1N5〇i3P之計算值:716.2 (M+H)+,觀測 ❹ 值:m/e 716.9 (M+H)+。 實例8 1,2-二氫-2-氧基-l-{4-疊氮基-順式-5-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氯苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]-2,3-雙-(第三-丁氧 基羰基)-P-D-呋喃核糖基}-4-嘧啶甲酸匕^二曱基乙基酯之 製備
在0C下,向4'-疊氮基-順式_5,_〇_[4_⑻_(3_氣苯基-氧 基-1,3,2_二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷(實例2) (500 mg, 0.97 mmol)、DIEA (0.99 mL,5.82 mmol)及 DMAP (119 mg, 〇.97t mm〇1)存於5 之溶液中添加二碳酸二_第三 丁酯(1.32 mL,5·82 mm〇1)並將該混合物在八下攪拌π ^ 136255.doc -59- 200936146 隨後’該混合物用CH2C12稀釋並用5% HC1水溶液、鹽水洗 滌,經乾燥(MgS〇4)並蒸發。對殘留物實施以〇2層析並用 存於己烧中之20-33%丙嗣(經20 min斜坡變化)洗脫以提供 23 1 mg (29%)白色固體狀標題化合物:NMR (500 MHz,
DMSO-c?6) δ 1.41 (s, 9Η), 1.43 (s, 9H), 1.51 (s, 9H), 2.19-2.28 (m, 2H), 4.37-4.47 (m, 3H), 4.53-4.60 (m, 1H), 5.54 (s, 1H), 5.76 (d, 1H, 7=10 Hz), 5.91 (d, 2H, y = 9 Hz), 6.16 (s, 1H), 7.38-7.43 (m, 3H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.96 (d, 1H, J =8 Hz); LC-MS :對於C33H43C1N50〗5P之計算值:816.2 (M+H)+,觀測值:m/e 816·9 (M+H)+。 實例9 1,2-二氫-2-氧基-l-{4-疊氮基-順式-5-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2 -氧基-1,3,2 - 一氧雜填雜環己烧-2 -基]-β-D-11夫味核糖基
步驊A:在η下,將4'·疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯 基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2·,3·-0-雙_ 丙酸醋(參見表 1 之實例 45,1.00 g,1.6 mmol)、Et3N (0.55 mL,4.0 mmol)、N-甲基嗎啉(0.53 mL,4.8 mmol)及對-甲苯 續酿氯(488 mg,2.4 mmol)之混合物在20 mL CH2C12中授拌 1 h。隨後添加4 mL乙醇及Et3N (2.2 mL,16 mmol)並將該 136255.doc -60- 200936146 混合物在rt下攪拌16 h。隨後蒸發溶劑,殘留物用EtOAc稀 釋,用水洗滌,經乾燥(Na2S04)並蒸發。對殘留物實施 Si〇2層析並用存於己烷/EtOAc洗脫以提供0.10 g (10%)白 色固體狀標題化合物:NMR (300 MHz,DMSO-A) δ 102 (t, 3H, 7 = 7 Hz), 1.03 (t, 3H, / = 7 Hz), 1.27 (t, 3H, J =7 Hz), 2.2-2.4 (m, 4H), 4.28 (q, 2H, / = 7 Hz), 4.37 (d, 2H, J = 7 Hz), 4.4-4.6 (m, 3H), 5.62 (dd, 1H, J = 7, 3 Hz), 5.72 (dt, 1H, 7= 11, 3 Hz), 6.06 (d, 1H, / = 8 Hz), 6.08 (d, 1H, y = 4 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (m, 3H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 8.06 (d, 1H, J =8 Hz); LC-MS :對於C26H31ClN5OnP之計算值:656.1 (M+H)+,觀測值:m/e 656.6 (M+H)+。 實例10 4'-疊氮基-順式_5,_0_[4_(s)_(3_氣苯基)_2_氧基^,3,2-二氧 雜鱗雜環己烷-2-基]-2,,3,-0-雙-丙酸酯-腺苷之製備
按照在實例1,步驟八_(:中所述自9-{6-疊氮基-6-[4-(3-氣-苯基>2-氧基_2-λ5-[1,3,2]二氧膦雜環己烷-2-基氧基甲 基]·2’2-二甲基-四氫-呋喃並[3,4-d][l,3]二氧環戊烯-4-基}- 9H-。票呤-6-基胺(按照 j M chen 等人在 W02008/100447 A2 中所述製得)製備標題化合物。按照在(例如)實例4中所述 使用合適的酸對羥基實施醯化。 136255.doc -61 · 200936146 實例11 NTP在大鼠肝細胞中之產生 按照經Groen (Groen,A. Κ·; Sips, H. J.; Vervoorn,R. C·; Tager,J. M. Eur· J· Biochem. 1982,122,87-93)修改之 Berry 及 Friend 程序(Berry,Μ. N.; Friend,D. S. J. Cell Biol. 1969, 43, 506-520)自雄性韋斯特大鼠(Wistar rats)(250-300 g)製備肝細胞。於10 μΜ核苷或前藥(來自10 mM存於 DMSO中之儲備溶液,n>4)存在時,在2 mL含有20 mM葡 〇 萄糖及1 mg/mL BSA之Krebs-破酸氫鹽緩衝液中將肝細胞 (20 mg/mL濕重,>85%錐蟲藍存活性)在37°C下培育2 h。 在培育4'-疊氮基胞苷類似物後,對1600 pL細胞懸浮液 分液實施離心並向沈澱顆粒中添加300 μι乙腈、形成渦流 並實施超聲波處理直至沈澱顆粒破裂。隨後添加200 μί水 以製成60%乙腈溶液。在14,000 rpm下離心10 min後,將 所得上清液轉移至新賴小瓶中並在Savant SpeedVac Plus中 於室溫下蒸發至近乎乾燥。用200 μί水重構乾燥殘留物並 ® 在14,000 rpm下將該混合物離心10 min。藉由配備有
Agilent 1100二元幫浦及LEAP注射器之LC-MS/MS (Applied . Biosystems,API 4000)分析35 pL上清液分液及35 pL移動 相A (20 mM N-N-二曱基己基胺及1〇 mM丙酸,存於20%曱
I 醇中)之混合物。藉助MS/MS模式(M-/78.8)檢測NTP並根據 與4'-疊氮基胞苷及實例1所述化合物之2'-〇曱基腺苦-5·-三 磷酸標樣之比較進行定量。 在培育4,_疊氮基尿苷類似物後,對16〇〇 ML細胞懸浮液 136255.doc • 62· 200936146 分液實施離心並向沈澱顆粒中添加500 μί含有0.1 mg/mL 二環己基碳化二亞胺(DCCD)及0.1%氫氧化銨之乙腈且藉 由形成渦流劇烈混合。藉由LC-MS/MS使用安裝有 SecurityGuard C18 保護柱(5 微米,4.〇x2.0 mm, Phenomenex) 之 Luna NH2 管柱(5微米,2x50 mm,Phenomenex)並用自 移動相A (10 mM乙酸銨,存於50%乙腈中)至B (1 mM乙酸 銨,存於含有1% 、濃氫氧化銨之50%乙腈中)之梯度以 0.6 mL/min流速洗脫來分析肝臟提取物。將注射器溫度設 〇 為 4 °C。使用 MS/MS 模式檢測 4'-AUMP、4'-AUDP 及4'- AUTP (364.1/150.8 > 4'-AUMP ; 444.1/176.8 > 4'-AUDP ; 及524.1/15 8.9,4'-AUTP)並藉由比較峰面積與標準曲線進 行定量,該等標準曲線係藉由將已知濃度之分析物摻加至 空白肝臟提取物中而獲得。 在大鼠肝細胞中化合物至三磷酸核苷(NTP)之轉化示於 表4中。 表4 實例 nmol NTP/g @10 μΜ (士 SEM) 實例 nmol NTP/g @ 10 μΜ (士SEM) 4’-AC <LOQ 25 46.8 (±8.5) 1 (化合物A> 23.4 (±16.6) 26 31.9(士 5.1) 4’-AU 0.3 (±0.2) 27 55.3 (±2.9) 2 (化合物B) 66.1 (±10.6) 28 23.0 (±1.9) 29 59.3 (±1.6) 136255.doc -63· 200936146 10 4.8(±0.2) 30 22.1 (±8.8) 11 47.9 (±4.8) 31 23.4 (±1-4) 12 61.7 (±3.7) 32 12.2 (±0.8) 13 52.7 (±1.6) 33 75.3(士 1_8) 14 59.5 (±2.5) 34 73.2 (±9.2) 15 6.9 (±0.8) 35 24.1 (±5.6) 16 14.4 (±3.4) 36 48.0 (±7.5) 17 19.0 (±0.5) 37 16.5 (±0.8) 18 32.5 (±0.6) 38 44.5 (±9.0) 19 41.3 (±1.9) 39 29.2(土 1.1) 20 31.3 (±0.7) 40 24.3 (±1-9) 21 19.9 (±5.6) 41 3.8 ί士0.6) 22 29.3 (±5.8) 42 30·0ί 土 2.5) 23 61.9 (±10.9) 43 23.8 (±3.6) 24 20.3 (±4.0) 44 7.7 (士0.3) 實例12 評定大氱中之肝醎NTP濃度 藉由經口管飼法或腹膜腔内注射對斯普拉-道來氏大鼠 或韋斯特大鼠投與核苷類似物及其前藥。在投藥後3 h或5 h時’用冷凍鉗夾取肝臟試樣(〜1 g)並在含有20 mM EDTA/EGTA之10體積冰冷70%甲醇(4,-疊氮基胞苷類似物) 或含有1〇^/1111^二環己基碳化二亞胺(1)(:〇0)及0.1%氫氧化 銨之10體積60%乙腈水溶液中勻質化。在離心以使勻漿澄 清後,藉由LC-MS/MS按照在實例57中所述分析上清液。 在經腹膜腔内投與該等化合物後3小時核苷三磷酸在肝 臟中之濃度示於表3中。 在經腹膜腔内投與該等化合物後3小時核苷三磷酸在肝 136255.doc • 64 - 200936146 臟中之濃度示於表5中。 表5 化合物 在3 br時之肝臟NTP,nmol/g (劑量,核苷等效物) 4'-AC < LOQ (4 mg/kg) 化合物A < LOQ (5 mgAcg) 4'-AU < LOQ (5 mg/kg) 化合物B 9.9 (3 mg/ke) 實例13 大鼠門靜脈研究之方案 雄性漢諾威韋斯特(Hanover-Wistar)HW大鼠自Charles
River Laboratories(Wilmington,ΜΑ)獲得。藉由在門靜脈 及頸靜脈中植入插管來使大鼠接受外科手術。對雄性HW 大鼠(n=3只/組)經靜脈内(IV)以1 mg/kg及經口(P〇)以7 mg/kg (26b)或 5 mg/kg (26a)投與前藥。在 12% 乙醇/15% 丙 二醇/ 20% PEG-400/53%之5%葡萄糖中調配供IV投藥之化 合物且在鹽水中調配供IV投藥之單一前藥。用於經口投藥 φ 之調配物係存於羥丙基甲基纖維素(HPMC)中之懸浮液。 自門靜脈及頸靜脈投藥直至投藥後8小時内於各時間點時 將血樣同時收集於具有氟化鈉/草酸鉀作為抗凝劑之試管 中。藉由在-20°C下離心自血樣立即製備血漿。藉由蛋白 '沈澱提取血漿試樣並藉由液相層析聯合串列質譜 (LC/MS/MS)分析 26b、26a 及 20 之濃度。 使用非房室模型以Watson軟體(Watson, Thermo Fisher, Waltham,ΜΑ)計算藥物動力學參數。按照下式自在PO投 136255.doc -65- 200936146 藥後自門靜脈或頸靜脈採樣所獲得劑量標準化曲線下面積 (AUC)數值計算% F肝臟: Λ/ ^ AUC败靜腺
% F 肝臟= xlOO AUC門靜脈 按照下式自在IV及PO投藥後頸靜脈採樣後所獲得劑量 標準化AUC數值計算絕對口服生物利用度(% F): aucdo
%F =-^xlOO AUC,V. ❹ ❹ % F*定義為經口投藥時藥劑進入門靜脈之百分比且按照 下式在PO投藥後門靜脈採樣後及在IV投藥後頸靜脈採樣 後所獲得劑量標準化AUC數值來計算: Λ/_ AUG 投集,«酿
%F* =-xlOO AUG熳靜iwa» *門脈 實例14 HCV NS5B RNA聚合酶活性 HCV聚合酶(NS5B570n-Conl)之酵素活性量測如下:將 經放射標記之核苷單磷酸納入不溶於酸之RNA產物中。藉 由過濾去除未納入之經放射標記之底物並將閃爍體添加至 該經洗滌並經乾燥且含有經放射標記之RNA產物的濾板 中。在該反應結束時由NS5B570-Conl所產生RNA產物之 量與由閃爍體所發出光之量成正比。 源自HCV Coni菌株,基因型lb(NS5B570n-Conl)之N-末 端經6-組胺酸標記之HCV聚合酶相對於全長HCV聚合酶在 C-末端含有21胺基酸缺失並自大腸桿菌菌株BL21(DE) pLysS純化。將含有 HCV NS5B Coni (GenBank登錄號 136255.doc -66- 200936146 入丁242654)編碼序列之構建體插入丁7啓動子表現盒下游之 質粒構建體pET 17b’並轉化至大腸桿菌中。使作為起始培 養物之單一菌落生長過夜且隨後在37°C下用於接種補充有 100 pg/mL氨苄西林之10LLB培養基。藉由當在600 nM培 養物下光密度介於〇.6與〇.8之間時添加〇,25 mM異丙基_β_ D-硫代吼喃半乳糖普(ΙΡΤ〇)來引發蛋白表現並在30°C下 16-18 h後收集細胞。使用三步程序對NS5B570n-Conl實施 純化以達勻質,該三步程序包括藉助Ni_NTA、SP_Sepharose 〇 HP及Superdex 75樹脂依序實施管柱層析。 每50 μΐ酶促反應物含有源自Internal Ribosome Entry Site (cIRES)之互補序列的20 nM RNA模板、20 nM NS5B570n-Conl酵素、0.5 pCi 氚標記 UTP (Perkin Elmer 目 錄編號TRK-412 ;比活性:30-60 Ci/mmol ;儲備溶液濃 度:7.5x10-5 M至 20.6x10-6 Μ) ’ 1 μΜ ATP、1 μΜ CTP及 1 μΜ GTP » 40 mM Tris-HCl pH 8.0, 40 mM NaCl, 4 mM DTT (二硫蘇糖酵),4 mM MgC12及5 μΐ在DMSO中經連續 ® 稀釋之化合物。將反應混合物彙集於96孔濾板(目錄編號 MADVN0B,Millipore公司)中並在30°C下培育2h。藉由添 加最終濃度為1〇%(ν/ν)之三氣乙酸使反應停止並在4°C下 培育40 min。對反應物實施過濾,用8反應體積之1〇%(ν/ν) 三氣乙酸、4反應體積之70%(v/v)乙醇洗滌,經空氣乾燥 並向每一反應孔中添加25 μΐ閃爍體(Microscint 20, Perkin-Elmer)。 使用1'〇卩(:〇11111^板讀數計(Perkin-Elmer,能量範圍: 136255.doc -67- 200936146 低,效率模式:標準,計數時間:1 min,背景值扣除: 無,降低串擾:關)將由閃爍體所發出光之量轉換成每分 鐘計數(CPM) » 在 Excel® (Microsoft®)及 ActivityBase® (idbs®)中分析
數據。使用無酵素時之反應來確定背景信號,自酶促反應 中將該背景信號扣除。陽性對照反應係在無化合物時實 施’自其將該背景校正活性設定為1 〇 〇 %聚合酶活性。將 所有數據表示為該陽性對照之百分比。藉由擬合方程式⑴ 計算RNA合成之酵素催化速率減少50 %時之化合物濃度 (IC50),關於該等數據,其中「γ」對應於相對酶活性(以 %計),「%Min」係在飽和化合物濃度時之殘留相對活 性,「%Max」係相對最大酶活性,「χ」對應於化合物濃 度且「S」係希爾係數(Hill coefficient^或斜率)。 (% Max - %Min)
Y = % Min + -dC5〇)S _ (i) 表6 化合物編號 聚合酶分析 IC50 (wM'i 4'-AU單磷酸 0.218 實例15 經由右干途徑投藥之標的化合物之醫藥組合物係按照此 實例中所述加以製備。 136255.doc -68- 200936146 經口投藥之組合物(A) 成份 % wt./wt. 活性成份 20.0% 乳糖 79.5% 硬脂酸鎂 0.5% 將該等成份混和並分配於膠囊中,每一膠囊包含約100 mg成份;一粒膠囊約為一整曰之劑量。 經口投藥之組合物(B) 成份 % wt./wt. 活性成份 20.0% 硬脂酸鎂 0.5% 交聯羧曱基纖維素鈉 2.0% 乳糖 76.5% PVP (聚乙烯吼咯啶) 1.0% 使用諸如甲醇等溶劑混合並粒化該等成份。然後乾燥該 調配物並用適宜的製錠機制成錠劑(含有約20 mg活性化合 物)。 經口投藥之組合物(C) 成份 % wt./wt. 活性化合物 1.0 g 富馬酸 0.5 g 氯化鈉 2.0 g 對羥基苯甲酸甲酯 0.15 g 對羥基苯甲酸丙酯 0.05 g 砂糖 25.5 g 山梨醇(70%溶液) 12.85 g 136255.doc -69- 200936146 1.0 g
_% wt./wt. 0.25 g
足量以形成等滲 100 mL 將活性成份溶於-部分注;7^7。然後邊_邊加人 足夠量之氯仙以使溶液達等滲濃度。㈣餘注射用 足溶液重量 '經由0.2微米臈過遽器過濾並在無菌條件下 適當時,以其具體形式或根據用於實施所揭示功用之 ^或用於達成所揭示結果之方法或製程表達的在上述說明 書或隨附申請專利範圍中所揭示特徵可分別地或以 徵之任一組合形式加以利用以實現呈其多種形式之本發 f 软 =清楚及理解之㈣,上述發明已由圖解及實例之形 式十为詳細地加以闡述。熟習此項技術者應明瞭,可 附申請專利範圍内實施變化及調整。因此,應瞭解,上述 ==欲具有闡明性而非具有㈣意味。因此,本發明^ 射並非參照上述閒述内容確定’而是應參照隨附申請專 圍連同賦予該等申請專利範圍之等效項之整個範圍來 136255.doc 200936146 確定。 在本文中所提及專利、公開申請案及科學文獻可確定彼 等熟習此項技術者之知識範圍且其全文均以引用方式併入 本文中’其併入程度如同明確地及逐個地指明將每—專 利、公開申請案及科學文獻併入一般。當在本文所引用任 一參考文獻與本說明書之具體教示内容之間出現任何衝突 時’均應以本說明書之具體教示内容為准。同理,當在一 詞語或片語之業内所理解定義與本說明書所具體教示之該 © 詞語或片語的定義之間出現任何衝突時,應以本說明書所 具體教示之定義為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1繪示來自比較二酯膦酸26b與未經酯化膦酸26a之吸 收的藥物動力學研究的數據,顯示26b之吸收增強。 ❹ I36255.doc •71·
Claims (1)
- 200936146 十、申請專利範圍: 1· 一種通式I或II之化合物〇 II 〃中V係本基或d比咬基,該苯基或σ比淀基視情況經一個 至二個選自由鹵素、C,-6烷基、Ci6鹵代烷基、Ci6烷氧 基或氰基組成之群之取代基取代; X IRj ΐΗϊ -的 * * * Β·1 Β-2 β-3 Ri及R2獨立地選自Η及/或c〇R4 ; Y係〇或NH ; R3係C^-Ce烷基或COR4 ;及 烷基、Cw烷氧基_Cl 6烷基、C3 6環烷基、C3· 6環烷基-C,—3烷基、C,_6烷氧基或雜芳基,其中該雜芳基 係含有一個或兩個選自氮、氧或硫之雜原子的五員環或 0比咬或具有一個或兩個氮原子之六員環;或 其醫藥上可接受之鹽。 2_如請求項1之式I化合物,其中B係B-1。 3.如請求項2之化合物,其中V係視情況經取代之苯基,Ri 及R2獨立地為氫或COR4 ;及尺4係Cw烷基。 136255.doc 200936146 4.如請求項丨之式Π化合物。 5_如請求項4之式II化合物,其中V係視情況經取代之苯 基,B係B-1。 6. 如請求項1之化合物,其中B係B-2。 7. 如請求項6之化合物,其中V係視情況經取代之苯基。 8. 如請求項1之化合物,其中b係B-3。 9·如請求項8之化合物,其中v係視情況經取代之苯基。 10.如請求項1之化合物’其係選自由下列組成之群: ® 4'·疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(R,S)-(3-氟苯基)_2_ 氧基(〇χ〇)_ H2-二氧雜麟雜環己烧(dioxaphosphorinan)-2-基]尿普; 4 _疊氮基-順式-5’-〇-[4-(R,S)-(3-漠苯基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2_二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4’_疊氮基-順式-5i-0-[4-(R,S)-(3-溴-4-氟笨基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4'·叠氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(R,S)-(3-氣-4-氟笨基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2_二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; ® 4'-疊氮基·順式_5,-〇_[4_(R,s)_苯基·2·氧基二氧 雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 4’·疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(R,S)-(4-氣苯基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4’-疊氮基.順式-5,-0-[4_(R,sH4·溴苯基)2氧基_ 1’3’2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4’_疊氮基-順式·5,_0_[4-(ΙΙ,8)-(2-溴苯基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 136255.doc 200936146 4'-疊氮基-順式-5’-〇-[4-(R,s)-(2-氣苯基)-2-氧基- 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 4'-疊氮基-順式-5'-〇-[4-(R,S)-(3-溴-5-氟苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿芽; 4'-疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(R,S)-(2,4·二氯苯基)-2-氧基- 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苦; 4'-疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(R,S)-(2-氣-6_氟苯基)_2氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苦; 4·-疊氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(11,8)-(2,5-二氣苯基)-2-氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基;|尿芽; 4'-疊氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(11,8)-(2,4-二氟苯基)_2-氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4 -疊氮基-順式_5’_0_[4-(R,S)-(3-溴_6_氟苯基)_2_氧基_ 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4’-叠氮基-順式轉陳s)_(2_氣·4_氟苯基)_2_氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4'_叠氮基-順式_5,-〇-[4-(以)-(2,3_二氟苯基)_2_氧基· 1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2基]尿苷; ^疊Λ基·順式 土 1’3,2-二氧雜鱗雜環己烧_2_基}尿苷; 4、疊氮基m〇_[4_(R,SM3·三氟甲基苯基氧 -1’3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4'_ 叠氮基-順式 _5,_〇_[4_(R _ « 1 〇 0 鼠甲基苯基)-2-氧 土 ,,-一氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 136255.doc 200936146 4·_疊氮基_順式-5,-0-[4-(R,SH3_氰基笨基)_2•氧基_ ^3’2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 4’·疊氮基-順式-5,-(M4-(R,SH4-三氟曱基苯基)_2•氧 基· H2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 疊氮基-順式_5'-0-[4-(R,S)-(3,5-二氣苯基)_2-氧基_ U’2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 疊氮基-順式_5’-0-[4-(S)-(3,5-二氟苯基)_2_氧基_ 込3’2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 1 氮基-順式 _5'-〇-[4-(S)-(吡啶 _4-基)·2-氧基 _1,3,2_ 一虱雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷,氫氣酸鹽; 疊氮基-順式-5’-0_[4-(11,8)-(3,4-二氣笨基)1_2-氧基_ ^3’2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 疊氮基-順式_5’-〇-[4_(r,s)_( „比啶_3_基)_2氧基_ U,2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷,氫氣酸鹽; 疊氮基-順式_5’_〇_[4_(尺,8)_(3_溴0比啶_5_基)_2_氧基_ ,一氧雜碟雜環己院-2-基]尿苷,氫氣酸鹽; 4 _疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(R,S)-(2-氟苯基)_2·氧基_ I3,2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 疊氮基-順式_5’-〇-[4-(11,8)-(2,6-二氟苯基)_2_氧基_ U,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 疊氮基_順式-5’-0-[4-(11,8)-(2,6-二氣苯基)_2-氧基_ i’3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 且氮基-順式_5丨-0-[4-(R,S)-(2_氟氣苯基)·2_氧基_ i’3,2·二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 136255.doc 200936146 4'-疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(R,S)-(2-氟-4-溴苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷; 2’,3’-〇_(3_ 曱基 丁醯基)-4’-疊氮基 _順式-5,-0-[4-(R,S)- (3-氰基苯基)_2_氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿 苷; 4'_ 疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)_2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2,,3,-〇-雙-丙酸酯;❹ 4'-叠氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-(3-氯苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]-2',3,-〇_雙-新戊醯基-尿苷; 4’-疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(SH3·氣苯基)-2-氧基_1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2·基]_2,,3,_〇_雙_戊醯基_尿苷; 2’,3’-〇_(3-甲基 丁醯基)_4,_ 疊氮基-順式 _5,_〇_[4_(SH3-氣苯基)·2-氧基-1,3,2-二氣雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 2,3’-〇_雙-異丁酿基_4,_叠氮基順式_5,_〇_[4_(s) (3-氣 苯基)-2-氧基-i,3,2-一氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 2,3’-〇_雙-正丁醢基_4,-叠氮基_順式_5,_〇_[4_(8)_(3_氣 苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 4 ·疊氮基·順式-5’-0-[4-(S)_(3_氣苯基)_2_氧基{以 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]-2,,3,_〇_雙_(環丙基羰基)尿苷; 疊氮基-順式-5i-(H4_(s)_(3_氣苯基)_2_氧基·丨,3,2_ 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基μ2,,3ι_〇•雙_(2•環丙基乙酿基)_ 尿苷; 2',3'-〇_雙 _(噁唑-4-羰基)_4, (3-氣笨基)_2_氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷; 136255.doc 0 200936146 2 ’3 _〇_雙_(呋喃d (3-氯笨基)_2_氧戎殊基)-4’_疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-4,-叠氮基-顺二氡雜磷雜環己烷基]尿苷; 二氧雜磷雜環/ 0 [4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2- 尿苷; 、元_2-基]-2,,3,-〇·雙-(2_乙氧基乙酿基)-一知疊氮基’式_5,,〇_[4_(s)_(3_氣苯基卜2_氧基-Hr 氧雜磷雜環己烷_2·基]-2',3'_〇_雙_(2_甲氧基_乙醢基)_ 尿苷;叠氮基-順式-5’-0-[4-(S)-(3 -氣苯基)-2 -氧基-1,3,2· 一氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2,,3,-〇-雙-(乙氧基碳酸 酯); 4疊氮基-順式-5'-0-[4-(S)-(3 -氣苯基)-2-氧基- l,3,2- 二氣雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷2,,3,_〇_雙_(異丙氧基碳酸 酯); 4 -叠氮基-順式_5’-0-[4-(S)-(3 -氣苯基)-2-氧基_1,3,2_ 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]-2,,3’-0-雙-(吡咯_2_羧基)尿 苷; 4·-疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)_2_氧基- 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]·2,,3,-0-雙吡唑-5_羧基)_尿 苷; 4'·疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)_2_氧基4,3,2- 二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]-2,,3'-0-雙-(吡啶_3_羧基)_尿 苷; 疊氮基-順式-5,-0-[4-(S)-(3-氣苯基)-2_氧基 136255.doc -6- 200936146 一乳雜鱗雜環己烷_2_基]-2,,3,-〇·雙_(2_乙氧基乙醯基)_ 尿苷; 4 -疊氣基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(8)-(3-氯苯基)_2_氧基 一氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]-2,,3,·0-雙_(2_甲氧基_乙醯基)_ 尿苷; 4 -疊氮基-順式-5,_〇[4-(SH3-氣笨基)_2_氧基_1,3,2_ 二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷2',3,-〇_雙_(乙氧基碳酸 酯); Ο 11. φ 12. 13. 14. 疊氮基-順式-5'-0[4-(SH3-氣笨基)-2-氧基_1,3,2- 二氧雜磷雜環己烷_2_基]尿苷2,,3,_〇_雙_(異丙氧基碳酸 酯); 及其立體異構體。 如請求項1之化合物,該化合物係: 4'~ 疊氮基-順式-5,-〇-[4-(S)-(3_ 氣苯基)-2-氧基 _1,3,2· 二氧雜磷雜環己烷·2·基]尿苷2,,3'-0-雙-丙酸酯, 4'_疊氮基_順式-5i_〇_[4_(SH3_氣苯基)-2-氧基_1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2',3、0-雙-戊酸酯, 4’·疊氮基·順式-5,-〇-[4-(S)-(3-氯苯基)-2-氧基-1,3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷-2-基]尿苷2·,3,-0-雙-異戊酸酯。 一種如請求項1之化合物的用途,其用於製造供治療C型 肝炎病毒(HCV)所造成之疾病的藥物。 如請求項12之用途,其中該藥物與至少一種免疫系統調 節劑及/或至少一種抑制H C V複製之抗病毒劑組合使用。 如請求項13之用途,其中該免疫系統調節劑係干擾素、 136255.doc 200936146 介白素、腫瘤壞死因子或群落刺激因子。 15. 如請求項14之用途,其中該免疫系統調節劑係干擾素或 化學衍生之干擾素。 16. 如請求項13之用途,其中該抗病毒劑係選自由下列組成 之群:HCV蛋白酶抑制劑、另一 HCV聚合酶抑制劑、 HCV解旋酶(helicase)抑制劑、hCV引發酶(primase)抑制 劑及HCV融合抑制劑。 17 —種如請求項丨之化合物的用途,其用於製造供抑制 〇 HCV複製之藥物。 18.種醫藥組合物’其包含治療有效量之如請求項1之化 合物與至少一種醫藥上可接受之載劑、稀釋劑或崠形劑 混合。136255.doc 200936146 七、指定代表囷: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(1 )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: (無元件符號說明)八、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:Π (I) (II) 136255.doc
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US99116307P | 2007-11-29 | 2007-11-29 | |
| US8454408P | 2008-07-29 | 2008-07-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200936146A true TW200936146A (en) | 2009-09-01 |
Family
ID=40679083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW097145866A TW200936146A (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2008-11-26 | Antiviral nucleoside compounds |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8063025B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2227481A4 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2011505351A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20100103793A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102164939A (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR069740A1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2008331158A1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0819797A2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2706432A1 (zh) |
| CL (1) | CL2008003511A1 (zh) |
| CO (1) | CO6382185A2 (zh) |
| CR (1) | CR11453A (zh) |
| EC (1) | ECSP10010210A (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL205625A0 (zh) |
| MA (1) | MA31864B1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX2010005885A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2010126050A (zh) |
| TW (1) | TW200936146A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2009069095A2 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201003438B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI710373B (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-21 | 大陸商浙江柏拉阿圖醫藥科技有限公司 | 肝遞送吉西他濱前體藥物核苷環磷酸酯化合物及應用 |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MY151004A (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2014-03-31 | Boehringer Ingelheim Int | Derivatives of 6,7-dihydro-5h-imidazo[1,2-?]imidazole-3-carboxylic acid amides |
| DK2528930T3 (da) * | 2010-01-28 | 2013-11-11 | Hoffmann La Roche | 4'-azido-nukleosider som anti-hcv-forbindelser |
| EP2619215B1 (en) | 2010-09-22 | 2018-09-05 | Alios Biopharma, Inc. | Azido nucleosides and nucleotide analogs |
| AU2011336632B2 (en) | 2010-11-30 | 2015-09-03 | Gilead Pharmasset Llc | Compounds |
| EP2776438A4 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2015-04-29 | Inhibitex Inc | SUBSTITUTED PURIN NUCLEOSIDES, PHOSPHORAMIDATE AND PHOSPHORDIAMIDATE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF VIRUS INFECTIONS |
| WO2015077368A1 (en) | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-28 | Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated | Derivatives of uridine 5'-cyclophosphate useful to treat hepatitis c viral infections |
| CN103848877B (zh) * | 2013-12-16 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽贝克联合制药有限公司 | 核苷环磷酸酯化合物及其制备方法和其应用 |
| JP2017512183A (ja) | 2014-02-13 | 2017-05-18 | リガンド・ファーマシューティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | プロドラッグ化合物およびそれらの使用 |
| CN106687118A (zh) | 2014-07-02 | 2017-05-17 | 配体药物公司 | 前药化合物及其用途 |
| US9855289B2 (en) | 2015-08-05 | 2018-01-02 | Metro International Biotech, Llc | Nicotinamide mononucleotide derivatives and their uses |
| WO2018129039A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 | 2018-07-12 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Modulating nudix homology domain (nhd) with nicotinamide mononucleotide analogs and derivatives of same |
| CN108727450B (zh) * | 2017-04-18 | 2024-02-20 | 浙江柏拉阿图医药科技有限公司 | 肝递送抗丙肝前体药物核苷环磷酸酯化合物及应用 |
| CN109956975B (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-06 | 浙江柏拉阿图医药科技有限公司 | 肝递送恩替卡韦前体药物核苷环磷酸酯化合物及应用 |
| CN109956985A (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-02 | 浙江柏拉阿图医药科技有限公司 | 肝递送阿糖胞苷前体药物核苷环磷酸酯化合物及应用 |
| RU2020126177A (ru) | 2018-01-09 | 2022-02-10 | Лиганд Фармасьютикалз, Инк. | Ацетальные соединения и их терапевтическое применение |
| CN111434671B (zh) * | 2019-01-11 | 2023-07-11 | 凯思凯迪(上海)医药科技有限公司 | 肝脏特异性ampk激动剂及其制法和应用 |
| TWI775313B (zh) | 2020-02-18 | 2022-08-21 | 美商基利科學股份有限公司 | 抗病毒化合物 |
| TWI794742B (zh) | 2020-02-18 | 2023-03-01 | 美商基利科學股份有限公司 | 抗病毒化合物 |
| AU2021224588B2 (en) | 2020-02-18 | 2024-07-18 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Antiviral compounds |
| EP4323362B1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2025-05-07 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Methods of preparing carbanucleosides using amides |
| AU2022328698B2 (en) | 2021-08-18 | 2025-02-20 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Phospholipid compounds and methods of making and using the same |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999045016A2 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 1999-09-10 | Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc. | Novel prodrugs for phosphorus-containing compounds |
| GB0114286D0 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2001-08-01 | Hoffmann La Roche | Nucleoside Derivatives |
| JP5046219B2 (ja) | 2002-10-31 | 2012-10-10 | リガンド・ファーマシューティカルズ・インコーポレイテッド | 1,3−プロパン−1−アリールジオールの新規環状リン酸ジエステルおよびそのプロドラッグへの使用 |
| TWI332507B (en) * | 2002-11-19 | 2010-11-01 | Hoffmann La Roche | Antiviral nucleoside derivatives |
| EP1658302B1 (en) | 2003-07-25 | 2010-08-25 | IDENIX Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Purine nucleoside analogues for treating diseases caused by flaviviridae including hepatitis c |
| EP1781101A2 (en) | 2004-07-29 | 2007-05-09 | Metabasis Therapeutics, Inc. | Novel nucleoside derivatives |
| WO2007020193A2 (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2007-02-22 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Antiviral phosphoramidates of 4 ' -substituted pronucleotides |
| JP4954573B2 (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2012-06-20 | オリンパス株式会社 | 内視鏡システム |
-
2008
- 2008-11-26 TW TW097145866A patent/TW200936146A/zh unknown
- 2008-11-26 US US12/313,992 patent/US8063025B2/en active Active
- 2008-11-26 AR ARP080105126A patent/AR069740A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-11-26 CL CL2008003511A patent/CL2008003511A1/es unknown
- 2008-11-27 RU RU2010126050/04A patent/RU2010126050A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-11-27 CA CA2706432A patent/CA2706432A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-27 EP EP08855731A patent/EP2227481A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-11-27 MX MX2010005885A patent/MX2010005885A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-11-27 KR KR1020107011589A patent/KR20100103793A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-27 CN CN2008801185991A patent/CN102164939A/zh active Pending
- 2008-11-27 WO PCT/IB2008/054985 patent/WO2009069095A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-27 JP JP2010535494A patent/JP2011505351A/ja active Pending
- 2008-11-27 AU AU2008331158A patent/AU2008331158A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-11-27 BR BRPI0819797A patent/BRPI0819797A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-05-09 IL IL205625A patent/IL205625A0/en unknown
- 2010-05-13 CO CO10057513A patent/CO6382185A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-05-14 ZA ZA2010/03438A patent/ZA201003438B/en unknown
- 2010-05-21 CR CR11453A patent/CR11453A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-05-27 MA MA32870A patent/MA31864B1/fr unknown
- 2010-05-28 EC EC2010010210A patent/ECSP10010210A/es unknown
-
2011
- 2011-10-26 US US13/282,100 patent/US20120039845A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI710373B (zh) * | 2017-12-22 | 2020-11-21 | 大陸商浙江柏拉阿圖醫藥科技有限公司 | 肝遞送吉西他濱前體藥物核苷環磷酸酯化合物及應用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102164939A (zh) | 2011-08-24 |
| WO2009069095A2 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| KR20100103793A (ko) | 2010-09-28 |
| CL2008003511A1 (es) | 2010-02-19 |
| US20120039845A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
| BRPI0819797A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
| AU2008331158A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
| MX2010005885A (es) | 2010-11-24 |
| EP2227481A2 (en) | 2010-09-15 |
| WO2009069095A3 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
| AR069740A1 (es) | 2010-02-17 |
| IL205625A0 (en) | 2010-11-30 |
| US8063025B2 (en) | 2011-11-22 |
| CO6382185A2 (es) | 2012-02-15 |
| ZA201003438B (en) | 2011-04-28 |
| EP2227481A4 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
| MA31864B1 (fr) | 2010-11-01 |
| RU2010126050A (ru) | 2012-01-10 |
| US20090209481A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
| CR11453A (es) | 2010-10-27 |
| JP2011505351A (ja) | 2011-02-24 |
| ECSP10010210A (es) | 2010-08-31 |
| CA2706432A1 (en) | 2009-06-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TW200936146A (en) | Antiviral nucleoside compounds | |
| CA2727495C (en) | Nucleoside cyclicphosphates | |
| ES2963716T3 (es) | Profármacos de nucleósido fosforamidato | |
| CN102725303B (zh) | 作为抗hcv化合物的4’-叠氮基-核苷 | |
| PT2084175E (pt) | Inibidor nucleosídico de vhc | |
| KR20160099090A (ko) | 간암의 치료를 위한 뉴클레오티드 | |
| TW201625658A (zh) | 經取代之核苷、核苷酸及其類似物 | |
| SG172361A1 (en) | Nucleoside analogs | |
| TW201036989A (en) | Uracyl cyclopropyl nucleotides | |
| WO2015101183A1 (zh) | 尿嘧啶核苷酸类似物及其制备方法和应用 | |
| WO2008052722A2 (en) | Use of ribavirin-conjugates as an anti-viral drug | |
| TW201124141A (en) | HCV nucleoside inhibitor | |
| AU2014233579B2 (en) | Nucleoside phosphoramidate prodrugs | |
| TW200942245A (en) | HCV nucleoside inhibitor |