201102783 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係涉及一種電壓調節器及電壓調節系統，特 別係指一種可讓發電機在車輛低轉速下建立電壓之電壓 調節器及電壓調節系統。 【先前技術】 —般發電機是藉由車載引擎運轉來產生一電力，用 以對車載之蓄電池充電以及供應給相關車用電子裝置，進 而確保車載能夠持續運轉。為了使發電機的輸出電力不致 於過高或過低，一般均設有電壓調節器來調節發電機的發 電量。電壓調節器主要可於發電機之電力輸出過高時，降 低其發電量，而於電力輸出過低時，增加其發電量，即是 所謂的回授控制。因此，電壓調節器具有穩定發電機輸$ 電壓之作用，以確保車載在供電上的穩定，並防止對車 機件之損害。 我們都知遑，電壓調節器必須因應車載引擎的不同 來搭配設計，通常都是配套使用。其中最基本的單功能電 壓調節器是設計有三個接線端，分別為正接線端(D+)、磁 場接線端(F)及接地接線端(G)。在整個發電機及電壓調節 器的運作上，當使用者啟動開關來啟動車載時，發電機必 須透過足夠的激磁電流來帶動進行運轉，進而讓發電機处 ^建立電壓並順利進行發電。而當啟動—開始在 = 畜電池供電的狀態下，若激磁電流夠大的話 能夠在較低轉速下即建立電壓；而若激磁電流不夠電= 便 ，貝專到發電機的轉速較高時才會產生足夠的 >爪。而目前在習知技術上，為了在設計上較為簡單，並且 201102783 * ，有較高的電流放大增益效果，因此普遍是採用以電流控 制的達靈頓電晶體來搭配使用。 但是，在越來越講求電壓調節器的品質以及整體車 =效能考量之下’錢達靈頓電晶體來設計的三接線端 ^堅凋節器，其在正接線端與磁場接線端之間的電壓差益 ，地再降低。因此’要如何改良電壓調節器，以能進 2降低正接線端與磁場接線端之間的電壓差，讓發電機 轉ί下即獲得足夠的電流來帶動運轉而建立電 L便疋目刖值得加以思考的地方。 【發明内容】 ^於此’本發明所要解決的技術問題在於，設計 壓;:!ί=的金屬氧化半導體場效應電晶體來做為電 她戀即可打開場效應電晶體:進: 即搭配的發電機得以在低轉速下順利進行 提供為上述問題’根據本發明所提出之一方宰， 調節器係具有—正接綠㉟安―，電機及-畜電池1壓 端，並且磁場接線端及—接地接線 單元。/中包括·—激磁驅動單元及—開關控制 線端來連接發電機圈供f電壓’而透過磁場接 場效應電_:=:===用- 激磁驅動單亓ί開關控制單元是連接正接線端及 用以依據供應電壓來控制場效岸電日_ 為了解決上述問題，根據本發明^^文出應之電另曰曰體; 201102783 括:-蓄電池、-發電機 發電機是具有—激磁’蓄電池是用以輸出一電池電壓， 二線圈的-端及蓄電池，第= 輸出-發電電端’並且發電機在建立電後 且具有調即11是連接蓄電池及發電機，並 的正接線端是::第：地接線端，其中 出端，而電壓調節,進輸步出:：==!接Ϊ二輸 關控制單元，激磁聽_ θ由，敫磁駆動早70及一開 端，用、軀動早70疋連接正接線端及磁場接線 利用 /也電壓或發電電I’並且激磁驅動單元是 曰妒電晶體來做為一驅動開關，以藉由場效應電 =>二、4來驅動激磁線圈，而開關控制單元是連接正接 :端及激磁驅動單兀，用以依據電池電壓或發電電壓來控 制場效應電晶體。 藉此，本發明利用場效應電晶體來做為電壓調節器 中的功率電晶體之設計，得以讓發電機在低轉速下建立BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a voltage regulator and a voltage regulating system, and more particularly to a voltage regulator and a voltage regulating system that allow a generator to establish a voltage at a low speed of a vehicle. [Prior Art] A typical generator is operated by a vehicle engine to generate a power for charging a vehicle battery and supplying it to an associated vehicle electronic device, thereby ensuring that the vehicle can continue to operate. In order to keep the output power of the generator from being too high or too low, a voltage regulator is generally provided to regulate the generator's power generation. The voltage regulator mainly reduces the power generation when the power output of the generator is too high, and increases the power generation when the power output is too low, which is called feedback control. Therefore, the voltage regulator has the function of stabilizing the generator's input voltage to ensure the stability of the vehicle in the power supply and to prevent damage to the vehicle parts. We all know that voltage regulators must be designed to match the car's engine, and are usually used together. The most basic single-function voltage regulator is designed with three terminals: positive terminal (D+), magnetic field terminal (F) and ground terminal (G). In the operation of the generator and voltage regulator, when the user activates the switch to start the vehicle, the generator must be driven by sufficient excitation current to allow the generator to establish a voltage and smoothly generate electricity. And when starting - starting in the state of the battery power supply, if the excitation current is large enough, the voltage can be established at a lower speed; and if the excitation current is not enough, then the speed of the generator to the generator is high. Will produce enough > claws. At present, in the conventional technology, in order to be simple in design, and 201102783*, there is a higher current amplification gain effect, so it is generally used with a current-controlled Darlington transistor. However, under the increasing emphasis on the quality of the voltage regulator and the overall car = performance considerations, the three terminals of the Qian Darlington transistor are designed to be between the positive terminal and the magnetic field terminal. The voltage difference is reduced and the ground is lowered again. Therefore, 'how to improve the voltage regulator, so as to reduce the voltage difference between the positive terminal and the magnetic field terminal, let the generator turn to get enough current to drive the operation and establish the electricity L. The place to think about. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor with a design pressure;:! ί= can be used as an electric field to open a field effect transistor: The generator can be smoothly provided at low speed for the above problems. According to one of the proposed methods, the regulator has a positive green 35 amp, a motor and a battery terminal 1 and a magnetic field terminal and Grounding wiring unit. /Including ·-excitation drive unit and - switch control line end to connect generator ring for f voltage' and magnetic field to connect field effect electricity _:=:=== with - excitation drive unit 亓 switch control unit is connected positive Terminal and used to control the field-effect shore electricity day according to the supply voltage _ In order to solve the above problem, according to the invention, the electric body of the invention is provided; 201102783 includes: - the battery, the generator generator has - The excitation 'battery is used to output a battery voltage, the second end of the coil and the battery, the first = output - the power generation terminal' and the generator is connected to the battery and the generator is connected after the power is established. The end is:: the first: the ground terminal, the out end, and the voltage adjustment, the input and output step::==! Connected to the second input control unit, the excitation listens to _ θ, the magnetic swaying is early 70 and the beginning, Use, body movement 70 疋 connect positive terminal and magnetic field wiring utilization / also voltage or power generation I' and the excitation drive unit is a 曰妒 transistor as a drive switch, by field effect electricity => Second, 4 to drive the excitation coil, and the switch control unit is connected to the positive connection The terminal and the excitation drive unit are used to control the field effect transistor according to the battery voltage or the power generation voltage. Thereby, the present invention utilizes a field effect transistor as a power transistor in a voltage regulator to allow the generator to be built at a low rotational speed.
壓。 I 以上之概述與接下來的詳細說明及附圖，皆是為了 能進一步說明本發明為達成預定目的所採取之方式、手段 及功效。而有關本發明的其他目的及優點，將在後續的說 明及圖式中加以闡述。 【實施方式】 本發明是設計利用電壓驅動的金屬氧化半導體場效 應電晶體(MOSFET) ’以下稱場效應電晶體，來做為電愿 調節器中的功率電晶體。當本發明應用於車載時，即可以 藉由車載啟動時’啟動指示燈導通後的瞬間電壓來充電導 201102783 通場效應電晶體，進而讓電壓調節器所搭配的發電機得以 :利進，增。其中因為場效應電晶體的特以 載啟動時’發電機激磁線圈的兩端電壓之壓降可以較低 生較大的電流來帶起發電機運轉，藉以讓發電機在 低轉速下建立電壓。 电械在 ㈣:ί參ί第一圖，為本發明電壓調節系統的第-實称 :丨„圖。如圖所示，本實施例所 ： f；；統1是應用於—車載(圖未示），其包括電 制中機u、一蓄電池12及一啟動單元13。本::: ===採用三接線端(3—的電以 八71為正接線端D+、一磁場接線端月, ^妾線端⑽D。而發電機u是具有—第二輸出端丁―^接 :輸及一接地端，並且發電機 包含有-父流發電機lu、一整流進步 ⑴。其中，交流發電機⑴及整流器112 +激磁線圈 並且在運作上是為熟悉綱技術者所連^妾’ 就不加以贅述。 解的技★，在此 在架構上，發電機u的部分，第 接於激磁_ 113的—端収連 ^ τι疋^ (+)，而第二輸出端T2是連接於激磁線圈^正山極 而電壓調節器10的部分，電壓調節器1〇的正技端。 是連接於發電機U的第—輸出端T D+ =，端F是連接於發電仙的第^出端T2，^ 堅凋bP器ίο的接地接線端GND是盘 及蓄電池η的一負極㈠一併接地疋:、’彻的接地端 電壓調節器10進一步包含：一激磁驅動單元101、 201102783 星:制單兀102及一防漏電流單元103。其中，激磁 n Γ 101是連接正接線端D+及磁場接線端F，並且 二妾線端D+來接收-供應電壓，而此處所述之供應 ί二以為發電機U所提供的一發電電壓或蓄電池12 T二的—電池電壓’完全依據發電機的狀態而定，對此 的工作原理之描述中會加以說明。激磁驅動單元 101山另外再透過磁場接線端F來連接發電機η的第二輸 出知Τ2，以進一步連接激磁線圈113。 再者]激磁驅動單元101是設計利用一場效應電晶 ，，來做為-驅動開關，其中場效應電晶體Q的一間極 ，是連接正接線端D+以及開關控制單元1〇2，場效應電 曰曰體Q的；及極知疋連接磁場接線端F，而場效應電晶體 Q的:源極端則是連接於接地接線端GND。於是，激磁 驅動單7L 101即是藉由場效應電晶體Q的啟閉來驅動激 磁線圈113。 一開關控制單元102是連接正接線端D+及激磁驅動單 元101，並且依據該供應電壓來控制激磁驅動單元1〇1。 其中’開關控制單元102進一步包括：一分壓電路1〇21、 一穩壓二極體D2及一第一電晶體Q1。分壓電路1021的 兩端是分別連接正接線端D+及接地接線端GND，以並聯 連接於發電機11。穩壓二極體D2可例如是採用基納二極 體的設計’穩壓二極體D2的一負端是連接分壓電路1〇21 的分壓點。而第一電晶體Q1在此實施例中是採用NPN 電aa體的6又计，第一電晶體Q1的一基極端是連接穩壓二 極體D2的一正端，第一電晶體Q1的一集極端是連接於 正接線端D+以及場效應電晶體Q的閘極端，而第一電晶 201102783 體Q1的一射極端是連接於接地接線端GNd。 承上所述，在開關控制單元1〇2中，藉由分壓電路 1201及穩壓二極體D2的搭配設計，以在分壓電路12〇1 的分壓點上設計形成一設定點電壓（一般車載是設計約為 1^.5〜14.5± 0.3伏特），並以其中正負誤差來做為電壓調節 器10進行調節運作與否的上限點及下限點。Pressure. The above summary, the following detailed description and the annexed drawings are intended to further illustrate the manner, the Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description and drawings. [Embodiment] The present invention is directed to a voltage-driven metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) hereinafter referred to as a field effect transistor as a power transistor in a power regulator. When the present invention is applied to a vehicle, the terminal 102104783 can be charged by the instantaneous voltage after the start-up indicator is turned on, and the generator matched with the voltage regulator can be improved. . Because the voltage drop across the voltage of the generator excitation coil can be low, the voltage drop across the generator excitation coil can drive the generator to operate, so that the generator can establish the voltage at low speed. The electric machine is in (4): 参 ί 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一 第一Not shown), which includes an electric machine u, a battery 12 and a starting unit 13. This::: === uses three terminals (3 - electric with eight 71 for positive terminal D +, a magnetic field terminal Month, ^ 妾 line end (10) D. And the generator u has - the second output terminal - the connection: the transmission and a ground terminal, and the generator includes a - parent current generator lu, a rectification progress (1). The generator (1) and the rectifier 112 + the excitation coil are not described in the operation for those skilled in the art. The technique of the solution is, in this case, the part of the generator u is connected to the excitation. _ 113 is connected to τι疋^ (+), and the second output terminal T2 is connected to the excitation coil ^ positive pole and the voltage regulator 10, the positive terminal of the voltage regulator 1 是 is connected The first output terminal of the generator U is T D+ =, the terminal F is connected to the first terminal T2 of the power generating fairy, and the grounding terminal GND of the bP device is a disk and a storage device. A negative electrode (1) of the cell η is grounded together: 'The thorough ground terminal voltage regulator 10 further comprises: an excitation drive unit 101, a 201102783 star: a single-turn 102 and a leakage-proof current unit 103. Among them, the excitation n Γ 101 is connected to the positive terminal D+ and the magnetic field terminal F, and the second terminal D+ to receive the supply voltage, and the supply described here is a generator voltage provided by the generator U or the battery 12 T The battery voltage 'depends on the state of the generator, which will be described in the description of the working principle. The excitation drive unit 101 further transmits the second output knowledge 2 of the generator η through the magnetic field terminal F to Further, the excitation coil 113 is further connected. Further, the excitation drive unit 101 is designed to use a field effect transistor as a drive switch, wherein a pole of the field effect transistor Q is connected to the positive terminal D+ and the switch control unit. 1〇2, field effect electric body Q; and knowingly connect the magnetic field terminal F, and the field effect transistor Q: the source terminal is connected to the ground terminal GND. Therefore, the excitation drive single 7L 101 Yes The excitation coil 113 is driven by the opening and closing of the field effect transistor Q. A switch control unit 102 is connected to the positive terminal D+ and the excitation drive unit 101, and controls the excitation drive unit 1〇1 according to the supply voltage. The unit 102 further includes a voltage dividing circuit 1〇21, a voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a first transistor Q1. The two ends of the voltage dividing circuit 1021 are respectively connected with the positive terminal D+ and the ground terminal GND. The voltage regulator diode D2 can be connected in parallel to the generator 11. The voltage regulator diode D2 can be, for example, a design of a Zener diode. A negative terminal of the voltage regulator diode D2 is connected to a voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit 1〇21. The first transistor Q1 is in the embodiment of the NPN electric aa body, and a base terminal of the first transistor Q1 is connected to a positive terminal of the voltage stabilizing diode D2, and the first transistor Q1 is An episode is connected to the positive terminal D+ and the gate terminal of the field effect transistor Q, and the first terminal of the first transistor 201102783 body Q1 is connected to the ground terminal GNd. As described above, in the switch control unit 1〇2, by the combination design of the voltage dividing circuit 1201 and the voltage stabilizing diode D2, a setting is formed at the voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit 12〇1. The point voltage (generally, the vehicle is designed to be about 1^.5~14.5±0.3 volts), and the positive and negative errors are used as the upper limit point and the lower limit point of the voltage regulator 10 for adjusting the operation.
防漏電流單元103是連接正接線端D+、第一電晶體 Q1的集極端以及場效應電晶體Q的閘極端，用以防止激 磁驅動單7L 101及開關控制單元1〇2產生漏電流而回流至 正接線端m。而如圖所示，本實施例中的防漏電流單 1元 103疋直接採用二極體的設計，讓二極體的正端連接正接 線端D+，而讓二極體的負端連接第一電晶體qi的集極 端，及場效應電晶體Q的·端，以達到防止漏電流的 功效。當然’熟悉該項技術者應可了解，防漏電流單元 1〇3的設計更可為其他電路的組成態樣，在此並非為本發 明戶斤限岳if。 =，電壓調節器10可進一步包含一飛輪二極體 1 ’队輪一極體m的一正端是連接場效應電晶體q的 沒極=域輪二極體m的—負端是連接正接線端d+， ιΊί聯5接於激磁線圈113。藉此’當電壓調節系統 庳雷曰：：輪：昍體D1可以防止瞬間的高壓損壞場效 二丨曰二…此外二當激磁驅動單幻01 +的場效應電晶 ιΐ 止，^下，飛輪二極體D1得以形成發電機 1所k仏之毛黾電堡的放電路_。 最後，電壓調節系統啟動單元13是串聯連接 、正接線知D+及第—輸出端T1之間，以做為使用者進 201102783 行啟動車载之開關。啟動單元13進一步包括有一啟動開 關131及一啟動指示燈132,啟動開關131是連接第一輸 出端T1 ’而啟動指示燈132是連接啟動開關131及正接 線端D+ ’並且啟動指示燈132可例如為燈泡或發光二極 體的設計。 、述之說明即可建置本發明之電壓調節系統及電壓 二=器的第實施例電路架構。而附帶一提的是，第—圖 列f電壓調節系統!，由於發電機11之激磁線圈U3 場接輸出端T2的一端是連接電壓調節器10的礤 ^調節Ϊ17,以通過電壓調節器1〇之後才接地，因此電 器，人10在設計上是屬於所謂的外搭鐵型電壓調節 調節型發電機。其中’在此設計下，電® 通道的場效庳雷日㈣^日體的場效應電晶體Q是使用N 可毁計為‘:=壓^電f節器1〇在設計上亦 效應電曰辦ΐ電15周 並且改為搭配p通道場 機配套:用。故為功率電晶體’藉以用來與内搭鐵型發電 的電路架構，接下來是進—步趣 而基於上述第一圖 明其中的工作原理： 關導2用啟動單元13時，也就是啟動探 電電壓，❿曰尚不會運轉，並且也不會產生餐 1〇21。而1電2的電池電壓來供應於分壓電殘 於穩墨二極體D2㈣的分壓點之錢是會作 D2導通n氓朋，電壓，因而無法使穩壓二極ti 導通於疋第一電晶體Q1會戴止。而第一電晶體^ 201102783 截止使得場效應電晶體Q因閘極端具有高電壓準位而形 成導通，於是形成—激磁電流路徑。其中，激磁電流路徑 =序為：蓄電池12之正極(+)、激磁線圈113、磁場接線 端F、場效應電晶體q、接地接線端GND至蓄電池12之 負極㈠，藉以讓激磁線圈113進行激磁作用，以產生足夠 的激磁電流來帶動發電機11進行啟動運轉，並建立電壓。 左隨著發電機11的啟動’其轉速逐漸升高，發電電壓 ，轉速升高而上升，此時的發電機n仍是屬於他勵狀 態。當發電電壓已升高到大於電池電壓，但仍未到達電壓 調節器10的調節上限點時，第—電晶體Q1仍為戴止狀 態’而場效應電晶體Q也就仍為導通狀態，於是發 會自勵發電並開始對蓄電池12充電，並且此時的電流 疋由發電機11來供給，其激磁糕路徑依序為：交流 電機111之正極、激磁線圈113、磁場接線端F、場效應 電晶體Q、接地接線端GND至交流發電機i i i之負極: 同時，發電電壓亦會繼續隨轉速升高迅速上升。 接著，當發電電壓上升到等於電壓調節器1〇的 上限點時’電壓調節器U開始啟動調節運作。此時分壓 ;路1021的分壓點之電壓得以使穩壓二極體D1反向擊 穿而形成導通，於是The leakage preventing current unit 103 is connected to the positive terminal D+, the collector terminal of the first transistor Q1, and the gate terminal of the field effect transistor Q to prevent the excitation drive single 7L 101 and the switch control unit 1〇2 from generating leakage current and returning. To the positive terminal m. As shown in the figure, the leakage current of the first embodiment of the present invention is directly designed by using a diode, so that the positive terminal of the diode is connected to the positive terminal D+, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected. The set terminal of a transistor qi, and the end of the field effect transistor Q, to achieve the effect of preventing leakage current. Of course, those who are familiar with the technology should be able to understand that the design of the leakage prevention current unit 1〇3 can be used for the composition of other circuits, and it is not the limit of this invention. =, the voltage regulator 10 may further comprise a flywheel diode 1 'a positive end of the pole 1 of the body wheel is connected to the pole of the field effect transistor q = domain wheel diode m - the negative terminal is connected positively The terminal d+, the ιΊ5 is connected to the excitation coil 113. By this 'When the voltage regulation system 庳 Thunder:: Wheel: 昍 body D1 can prevent the instantaneous high voltage damage field effect two 丨曰 two... In addition, when the excitation drive single magic 01 + field effect electric crystal ιΐ, ^, The flywheel diode D1 is formed into a discharge circuit of the generator 1 of the generator 1 . Finally, the voltage regulation system starting unit 13 is connected in series, between the positive wiring and the first output terminal T1, as a switch for starting the vehicle on the 201102783 line. The starting unit 13 further includes a start switch 131 and a start indicator 132. The start switch 131 is connected to the first output terminal T1 ′ and the start indicator 132 is connected to the start switch 131 and the positive terminal D+ ′ and the start indicator 132 can be, for example. Designed for light bulbs or light-emitting diodes. The circuit structure of the first embodiment of the voltage regulation system and the voltage converter of the present invention can be constructed by the description. Incidentally, the first-figure f voltage adjustment system!, because the excitation coil U3 of the generator 11 is connected to the output terminal T2, one end of which is connected to the voltage regulator 10, to pass the voltage regulator 1 After that, it is grounded, so the electric appliance, the person 10 is designed to belong to the so-called external iron type voltage regulation regulating generator. Among them, 'in this design, the field effect of the electric channel 庳 庳 (4) ^ the field effect transistor Q of the body is destroyed by using N: '=============================================曰 ΐ 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 Therefore, for the power transistor 'to use the circuit structure with the built-in iron type power generation, the next step is to follow the above-mentioned first figure to illustrate the working principle: When the starter unit 13 is used, the start unit 13 is activated. The electric voltage is not running, and it will not produce a meal. The battery voltage of 1 electric 2 is supplied to the voltage dividing point of the piezoelectric residual diode D2 (4). The voltage of D2 is turned on, and the voltage cannot be turned on. A transistor Q1 will wear. The first transistor ^201102783 is turned off so that the field effect transistor Q is turned on due to the high voltage level of the gate terminal, thus forming a field of excitation current. Wherein, the excitation current path=order is: the positive electrode (+) of the battery 12, the excitation coil 113, the magnetic field terminal F, the field effect transistor q, the ground terminal GND to the negative electrode (1) of the battery 12, thereby exciting the excitation coil 113 The function is to generate enough excitation current to drive the generator 11 to start the operation and establish a voltage. Left as the generator 11 starts, its rotational speed gradually increases, and the power generation voltage and the rotational speed increase, and the generator n still belongs to the other excited state. When the power generation voltage has risen above the battery voltage, but has not yet reached the adjustment upper limit point of the voltage regulator 10, the first transistor Q1 is still in the wearing state, and the field effect transistor Q is still in the conducting state, so The self-excited power generation starts to charge the battery 12, and the current 疋 at this time is supplied by the generator 11, and the excitation cake path is sequentially: the positive electrode of the alternating current motor 111, the exciting coil 113, the magnetic field terminal F, the field effect The transistor Q, the ground terminal GND to the negative pole of the alternator iii: At the same time, the power generation voltage will continue to rise rapidly with the increase of the rotational speed. Then, when the power generation voltage rises to be equal to the upper limit point of the voltage regulator 1 ’, the voltage regulator U starts the regulation operation. At this time, the voltage is divided; the voltage at the voltage dividing point of the path 1021 causes the voltage stabilizing diode D1 to reversely penetrate to form a conduction, so that
Qi導通使得場效應電晶體q因闡槁她目士弟％日曰體 电日日Μ因閘極k具有低電壓準位而 =截止。於疋’激磁電流路徑便會被切斷，而由 破斷路’磁通下降，使得發電機的 極體D1進行放電而開始下降。 曰、.二由版輪一 當發電機電壓下降到等於雷壓綱& w _士氆廢-托鲈J 即器10的調節下限Qi conducts the field effect transistor q because it explains her eyepiece%. The day of the day is due to the gate k having a low voltage level = cutoff. The magnetic field current path is cut off, and the magnetic flux is lowered by the breaking path, so that the pole D1 of the generator is discharged and begins to descend.曰,.二由版轮一 When the generator voltage drops to equal the deflection limit of the Thunderbolt & w _ 氆 氆 - 鲈 鲈 即 即
^ ^―極體D2即又形成敲，於ML 11 201102783 C^l也就戴止，而場效應電晶體Q重新導通，於是激磁電 路即J·灰復導通，進而再讓發電機11的發電電壓上 升以此原理不斷地重複執行，即可讓發電機η的發 電壓控制在一定範圍内。 的作原理中值得—提的是，本發明所設計 ^ =器10即是能在發電機11啟動運轉前及啟動運 曰體S制場政應電晶體Q為導通狀態。而藉由場效應電 壓調矿5^特性，以及能在發電機啟動運轉前導通，讓電 在正接線端D+與磁場接線端F之間的壓降 二>，以低，進而產生較大的激磁電流來帶動發電機11運 兩立電壓’藉以避免因激磁電流較小而讓發電機 而=高轉速下才能建立電壓。 施例:再參考第二圖，為本發明電壓調節系統的第二實 】，不意圖。本實施例中的元件與第一實施例相同 疋彳木用一致的符號標示。並且本實施例之電壓調節系 上曰a盘及/中的電壓調節器i〇a在動作原理及達成的功效 〜實施例相同。而本實施例與第一實施例主要的 關批也I二在於開關控制單元1〇2丄的設計。本實施例之開 八二元102a是進一步包含一第二電晶體Q2,用以連 όΓ·-1電路1〇21及穩壓二極體D2之間，第二電晶體 rv? ^基極端是連接分壓電路1021的分壓點，第二電晶 的一 *〜集極端是連接正接線端D+，而第二電晶體Q2 、、是連接穩壓二極體D2的負端。 ’藉由本實施例的設計，可以讓開關控制單元 穩壓-搞應時間更快’以更確切地依據供應電壓來控制 A— IID2及第一電晶體Q1的導通或截止之狀態。 12 201102783 綜上所述，本發明設計利用電壓 體來做為電壓調節器中的功率電晶體，讓應電晶 可以有效地降低發電機;:::的 到讓發電機在低轉速下建立電壓的目的。冑轉，而達 准以上所述，僅為本發明的具體實施彳丨， :二气而已，並非用以限制本發明，本發：::: 應以下述之中請專利難為準，任何熟悉該 ^乾圍^ ^―The polar body D2 is formed again, and the ML 11 201102783 C^l is also worn, and the field effect transistor Q is re-conducted, so the excitation circuit is J. ash is turned on, and then the generator 11 is powered. The voltage rise is continuously repeated by this principle, so that the voltage of the generator η can be controlled within a certain range. It is worthwhile to mention that the design of the device 10 is capable of turning on the transistor Q before the start-up of the generator 11 and the start of the operation of the transistor S. And by the field effect voltage adjustment 5^ characteristics, and can be turned on before the generator starts running, let the voltage drop between the positive terminal D+ and the magnetic field terminal F>, to lower, and then generate a larger The excitation current is used to drive the generator 11 to carry the two voltages 'to avoid the generator from being low because the excitation current is small. Embodiment: Referring again to the second figure, the second embodiment of the voltage regulating system of the present invention is not intended. The elements in this embodiment are the same as in the first embodiment. The eucalyptus is marked with a uniform symbol. Further, the voltage regulator of the present embodiment is the same as the operation principle and the effect of the voltage regulator i〇a in the 曰a disk and/or the embodiment. The main control of the present embodiment and the first embodiment is also the design of the switch control unit 1〇2丄. The eighth binary 102a of this embodiment further includes a second transistor Q2 for connecting between the όΓ1 circuit 1〇21 and the voltage stabilizing diode D2, and the second transistor rv? Connected to the voltage dividing point of the voltage dividing circuit 1021, a *~ collector terminal of the second transistor is connected to the positive terminal D+, and the second transistor Q2 is connected to the negative terminal of the voltage regulator diode D2. With the design of this embodiment, the switching control unit can be regulated to take a faster time to control the on or off state of the A-IDD2 and the first transistor Q1 more precisely depending on the supply voltage. 12 201102783 In summary, the present invention is designed to use a voltage body as a power transistor in a voltage regulator, allowing the transistor to effectively reduce the generator;::: to allow the generator to establish a voltage at a low speed the goal of.胄 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , The trunk
=之領域内’可輕易思及之變化或修飾皆可涵；在= 本案所界定之專利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明電壓調節系統的第一實施例電路示意 圖；及 第一圖係本發明電壓調節系統的第二實施例電路示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 ’ la電壓調節系統 10，10a電壓調節器 1 〇 1激磁驅動單元 102 ’ 102a開關控制單元 1021分壓電路 103防漏電流單元 11發電機 111交流發電機 112整流器 113激磁線圈 201102783 12蓄電池 13啟動單元 131啟動開關 132啟動指示燈 D1飛輪二極體 D+正接線端 F磁場接線端 GND接地接線端 Q場效應電晶體 Q1第一電晶體 T1第一輸出端 D2穩壓二極體In the field of =, changes or modifications can be easily considered; in the scope of patents defined in this case. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first drawing is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a voltage regulating system of the present invention; and the first drawing is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the voltage regulating system of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 'la voltage regulation system 10, 10a voltage regulator 1 〇1 excitation drive unit 102 '102a switch control unit 1021 voltage divider circuit 103 leakage current prevention unit 11 generator 111 alternator 112 rectifier 113 Excitation coil 201102783 12 battery 13 start unit 131 start switch 132 start indicator light D1 flywheel diode D+ positive terminal F magnetic field terminal GND ground terminal Q field effect transistor Q1 first transistor T1 first output terminal D2 voltage regulator Dipole
Q2第二電晶體 T2第二輸出端Q2 second transistor T2 second output
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