201210677 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明，是有關將從利用含石碳和重油等硫黃化合物 的燃料的鍋爐等的燃燒裝置被排出的排氣體中的二氧化硫 黃（so2)除去的濕式排煙脫硫裝置，特別是，有關於具 備使用了三方向噴霧噴嘴的吸收塔之濕式排煙脫硫裝置。 【先前技術】 採用習知技術的噴霧方式的濕式排煙脫硫裝置的公知 例（日本特開2004-23 725 8號公報等），該構成脫硫裝置 的吸收塔的側面圖是如第8圖所示。此濕式排煙脫硫裝置 ，主要是由：吸收塔本體1、攪拌機3、空氣供給管4、 空氣氣泡5、吸收液循環泵7、拔取液管8、噴霧頭9、雙 方向噴霧噴嘴13、除霧器11等所構成。符號2是排氣體 ，符號12是處理後氣體，符號6是吸收液。 從鍋爐被排出的排氣體2是朝吸收塔本體1的下部被 導入，並與由配置於已設置的複數段噴霧頭的複數雙方向 噴霧噴嘴13所產生的噴射的液流接觸，經過此氣液吸收 區域，從被處理的後塔頂部被排出。從吸收液循環泵7被 送出的含碳酸鈣的吸收液6是從上述雙方向噴霧噴嘴13 被噴射。 從雙方向噴霧噴嘴13被噴射的液流，是藉由氣液接 觸將排氣體中的S02吸收，成爲生成Ca(HS03)2的吸收液 6。藉由從空氣供給管4被供給的空氣氣泡5中的氧使吸 201210677 收液6中的Ca(HS03)2被氧化，使硫酸鈣（CaS04)被生 成。此硫酸鈣及時常被供給的含碳酸鈣的淤漿狀的吸收液 是再度藉由吸收液循環泵7被吸入並從雙方向噴霧噴嘴 13被噴射。且，需要的情況時排液是經由拔取液管8從 吸收塔被排出。 [先行技術文獻] [專利文獻] [專利文獻1]日本特開2004-23 725 8號公報 【發明內容】 (本發明所欲解決的課題） 在噴霧方式的習知技術中，被指摘：無論單方向或雙 方向的其中任一的情況時，由噴嘴所產生的噴射區域以外 的空間皆存在氣液接觸的死空間的問題。 例如，第2圖的左圖是顯示使用習知的雙方向噴霧噴 嘴噴射的模樣的側面圖，數字的1及2是顯示上下方向的 噴射區域。即使立體地同時加上從上段的噴嘴及近隣的噴 嘴的噴射流量，氣液接觸密度的不均一仍很大，因此，具 有氣體的亂流會產生，且吸收效率會降低的問題。 本發明的課題，是提供一種具備吸收塔的濕式排煙脫 硫裝置，可以使噴嘴的噴射區域立體地均一化、抑制排氣 體流動的亂流、氣液接觸密度的均一化、獲得高脫硫率、 裝置的更輕小化。 -6 - 201210677 (用以解決課題的手段） 本發明的上述課題是藉由以 如申請專利範圍第1項的發 裝置，是設有吸收塔，該吸收塔 吸收液，經過被設在該吸收塔上 噴嘴而噴射，使與從吸收塔下部 其特徵爲：設在除了前述多段的 段的噴霧噴嘴，是具有朝上方及 向噴霧噴嘴，該三方向噴霧噴嘴 收液噴射流量、及從朝下方噴霧 及從朝橫方向噴霧噴嘴的吸收液 射流量：朝下方噴射流量：朝橫 :1 : 0.05〜0.4的範圍內。 如申請專利範圍第2項的發 1項的濕式排煙脫硫裝置，三方 下方、朝橫方向三方向的噴霧噴 別是75〜135度、75〜150度、 的縱角度90度以下、朝橫方向 度160度以下的範圍內。 如申請專利範圍第3項的發 1或2項的濕式排煙脫硫裝置， 最上段的噴霧噴嘴，是只有朝下 [發明的效果] 下的解決手段達成。 明，是一種濕式排煙脫硫 ，是藉由吸收液循環栗將 部的多段的噴霧頭的噴霧 導入的排氣體氣液接觸， 噴霧頭的最上段以外的各 朝下方及朝橫方向的三方 的從朝上方噴霧噴嘴的吸 噴嘴的吸收液噴射流量、 噴射流量的比（朝上方噴 方向噴射流量）是0.2〜1 明，是如申請專利範圍第 向噴霧噴嘴的朝上方、朝 嘴的吸收液噴射角度，各 朝橫方向的圓錐噴射區域 的圓錐噴射區域的水平角 明，是如申請專利範圍第 設在前述多段的噴霧頭的 方的噴霧噴嘴。 201210677 依據本發明，藉由吸收塔內中的氣液接觸區域的均一 化’使排氣體的偏流防止、液滴不均一散布被改善，而可 以達成提高脫硫率的效果。進一步，因爲從三方向噴霧噴 嘴朝上下及橫三方向將吸收液噴射，所以可消除習知的氣 液接觸無法充分發揮的區間，可以實質上增加氣液接觸面 積，可減少噴霧噴嘴個數。因此，可獲得比習知技術低成 本，且小型、高性能的濕式排煙脫硫裝置。 【實施方式】 以下使用實施例說明本發明的實施例。 第1圖是顯示本發明的實施例的濕式排煙脫硫裝置的 吸收塔的側面圖。符號1是吸收塔本體，2是排氣體，3 是攪拌機，4是空氣供給管，5是空氣氣泡，6是吸收液 ，7是吸收液循環泵，8是拔取液管，9是噴霧頭，10是 三方向噴霧噴嘴，11是除霧器，12是處理氣體。 且從鍋爐被排出的排氣體2,是朝吸收塔本體1的下 部被導入，與由多段且被配置於每一段的複數三方向噴霧 噴嘴所產生的噴射的液流接觸，經過此氣液吸收區域，被 脫硫處理之後，從塔頂部被排出。從吸收液循環泵7被送 出的含碳酸鈣的吸收液6是從上述的三方向噴霧噴嘴10 被噴射。 從三方向噴霧噴嘴10被噴射的液流，是藉由氣液接 觸將排氣體中的S02吸收，成爲生成Ca(HS03)2的吸收液 6。藉由從空氣供給管4被供給的空氣氣泡5中的氧使吸 • 8 - 201210677 收液6中的Ca(HS03)2被氧化，使硫酸鈣（CaS04)被生 成。將此硫酸鈣及時常被供給的含碳酸鈣的淤漿狀的吸收 液再度藉由吸收液循環泵7被吸入並從三方向噴霧噴嘴 1 〇被噴射。且，需要的情況時排液是經由拔取液管8從 吸收塔被排出。 上述本實施例的吸收塔，其三方向噴霧噴嘴10，具 有可以朝上方向及下方向及橫方向的三方向將吸收液噴射 的特徵，且，在配置於除了最上段以外的各段的吸收塔壁 中，最近隣的三方向噴霧噴嘴，其從朝上方噴霧噴嘴的吸 收液噴射流量、及從朝下方噴霧噴嘴的吸收液噴射流量、 及從朝橫方向噴霧噴嘴的吸收液噴射流量的比（朝上方噴 射流量：朝下方噴射流量：朝橫方向噴射流量）0.2〜1 : 1: 0.05〜0.4的範圍內。且，三方向噴霧噴嘴的上，下' 橫三方向的噴霧噴嘴的吸收液噴射角度各別爲75〜135度 、75〜150度、朝橫方向的圓錐噴射區域的縱角度90度 以下、朝橫方向的圓錐噴射區域的水平角度160度以下。 進一步，在最上段中使用只有朝下方的噴霧噴嘴。 在實驗例中，使用三方向噴霧噴嘴1〇，進行與習知 的雙方向噴霧噴嘴的比較，將排氣體量固定在一定量，由 同量的噴射流量實施。由噴射流量所產生的對於脫硫率的 影響如第6圖所示。三方向噴霧噴嘴及雙方向噴霧噴嘴其 中任一，雖皆隨著噴射流量的增加而使脫硫率提高，但是 相同流量中的脫硫率是使用三方向噴霧噴嘴情況時，具有 可獲得比雙方向更高値的傾向。這是因爲，由三方向噴霧 201210677 噴嘴所產生的朝橫方向的吸收液的噴射與雙方向噴霧噴嘴 相比，氣液接觸區域更均一化，而有助於脫硫率的增加。 第6圖的實驗例的三方向噴霧噴嘴的情況，將朝上方噴射 流量：朝下方噴射流量：朝橫方向噴射流量的比率由1: 1 : 0.2實施，在雙方向噴霧噴嘴中將朝上方噴射流量：朝 下方噴射流量的比率由1: 1實施。 且在實驗例中，使用三方向噴霧噴嘴10，其由朝橫 方向吸收液的噴射流量對上下橫三方向噴射總流量的比所 產生的對於脫硫率的影響如第7圖所示。將總噴射流量一 定地固定，於橫噴射流量對總流量的比是以〇時的脫硫率 爲基準實施。從第7圖可知，脫硫率雖是隨著橫噴射流量 對總流量的比的增加而提高，但是在將朝上方噴射量對朝 下方噴射量的比固定於1 : 1的情況時，橫噴射流量對總 噴射流量的比是超越0.07〜0.1的範圍的話，脫硫率是具 有再度下降的傾向。進一步，橫噴射流量對總噴射流量的 比是超越0.1 7的話，比橫噴射流量0時的脫硫率更下降 。這是因爲，藉由朝橫方向的吸收液的噴射流量增加，在 一定的範圍內氣液接觸區域被均一化，進一步增加朝橫方 向的噴射流量的話，會朝均一化惡化的方向轉化。在第7 圖的實驗例，朝上方噴射流量：朝下方噴射流量：朝橫方 向噴射流量的比是1: 1: 〇的情況時脫硫率爲90%，1 : 1 :〇·1 1 8的情況時脫硫率爲92.5%，1 : 1 : 0. 195的情況時 脫硫率爲93.3%，1 : 1 : 0.3 3 8的情況時脫硫率爲91.8% ，1: 1: 0.466的情況時脫硫率爲88.2%。 -10- 201210677 脫硫率是從脫硫處理前後的排氣體中的二氧化硫黃的 測量結果計算。排氣體中的二氧化硫黃的測量是依據JIS B7981 (2002)。以下同樣。 從第6圖及第7圖所示的實驗結果，三方向噴霧噴嘴 的從朝上方噴霧噴嘴的吸收液噴射流量、及從朝下方噴霧 噴嘴的吸收液噴射流量、及從朝橫方向噴霧噴嘴的吸收液 噴射流量的比（朝上方噴射流量：朝下方噴射流量：朝橫 方向噴射流量）爲0.2〜1: 1: 0.05〜0.4的範圍內較佳。 藉由朝上方噴射及朝下方噴射的衝突使液滴的微小化被促 進，而具有脫硫率提高的傾向。相反地朝上方噴射量及朝 下方噴射量的比是變太大的話，從噴霧噴嘴的噴射因爲多 成爲與氣體的流動方向相同方向，而具有脫硫率下降的傾 向。因此，上述的朝上方噴射量及朝下方噴射量的比爲 0.2〜1: 1的範圍內較佳。 第2圖的右圖，是顯示三方向噴霧噴嘴的噴射模樣。 數字1及2是顯示上下方向的噴射區域，數字3是顯示朝 橫方向噴射的區域的側面圖。 第3圖，是將噴霧噴嘴所在平面從上所見的噴霧噴嘴 噴射模樣的平面圖。左圖是顯示使用習知的雙方向噴霧噴 嘴噴射的模樣的平面圖，右圖的數字的3是顯示朝橫方向 噴射的區域的平面圖。從第3圖的左圖可知，在習知的雙 方向噴霧噴嘴中在噴霧噴嘴所在平面上不存在噴霧噴嘴噴 射區域，從右圖可知，三方向噴霧噴嘴的橫噴射，沒有習 知空白的噴霧區域。 -11 - 201210677 第4圖，是複數最近隣噴嘴的噴射模樣的側面圖。第 4圖的上圖是顯示使用習知的雙方向噴霧噴嘴噴射的模樣 的側面圖，數字的1及2是各別顯示上下方向的噴射區域 。第4圖的下圖，是顯示三方向噴霧噴嘴的噴射模樣。數 字1及2是各別顯示上下方向的噴射區域’數字3是顯示 朝橫方向噴射的區域的側面圖。 第5圖，是使用最近隣上下2段中的複數三方向噴霧 噴嘴的最近隣噴嘴的噴射模樣的側面圖。數字1及2及3 是各別顯示上下朝橫方向的噴射區域。 從第2圖、第3圖、第4圖及第5圖可知，與習知的 雙方向噴霧噴嘴相比，三方向噴霧噴嘴的噴射區域可以更 均一化。 另一方面，在本發明中，利用藉由使用將從噴霧噴嘴 的噴射全流量可以由一定比率朝上方、朝下方及朝橫方向 三方向噴射的噴霧噴嘴朝上下橫三方向將吸收液噴射的構 成，進一步，在每一段由鋸齒式儘可能使噴嘴達成最大重 疊地配置，使吸收塔內氣液吸收區域儘可能均一化，就可 獲得較高的脫硫率。第9圖，是顯示本發明技術的吸收塔 內複數段噴嘴配置的平面圖。在此顯示的各段，雖具有相 同配置，但是藉由將各段之間錯開20〜60度地組合（第 9圖中顯示3 0度錯開的情況的1例的實施態樣）’就可 以實現噴嘴噴射區域的最大的重疊，也可以簡化施工、製 造。 另一方面，有關設在最上段的噴霧噴嘴，藉由使用只 -12- 201210677 有朝下方的噴霧噴嘴，沿著氣體流動方向的朝上方的噴射 量因爲是零，所以可以大大地抑制在使用習知的雙方向噴 霧噴嘴的排煙脫硫裝置中朝上方噴射液流乘著氣體通過除 霧器的現象。 【圖式簡單說明】 [第1圖]顯示使用本發明的實施例的三方向噴霧噴嘴 之吸收塔的構成的剖面圖。 [第2圖]單獨的噴霧噴嘴的噴射區域中的本發明所使 用的三方向噴霧噴嘴及習知的雙方向噴霧噴嘴之間的側面 圖的比較。（左：雙方向噴霧噴嘴；右：三方向噴霧噴嘴 )° [第3圖]單獨的噴霧噴嘴的橫方向噴射區域中的本發 明所使用的三方向噴霧噴嘴及習知的雙方向噴霧噴嘴之間 的平面圖的比較。（左：雙方向噴霧噴嘴；右：三方向噴 霧噴嘴）。 [第4圖]在同一段中，噴霧噴嘴三方向噴射區域中的 本發明所使用的三方向噴霧噴嘴及習知的雙方向噴霧噴嘴 之間的側面圖的比較。（上：雙方向噴霧噴嘴；下：三方 向噴霧噴嘴）。 [第5圖]在相隣的上下段中，本發明所使用的三方向 噴霧噴嘴的噴射區域的側面圖。 [第6圖]顯示本發明的實施例的三方向噴霧噴嘴及習 知的雙方向噴嘴中的噴射流量及脫硫率的關係= -13- 201210677 [第7圖]顯示本發明的實施例的三方向噴霧噴嘴的橫 噴射流量對總噴射流量的比及脫硫率的關係。 [第8圖]顯示習知技術的吸收塔的構成的側面圖。 [第9圖]顯示本發明技術的吸收塔內複數段噴嘴配置 的平面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :吸收塔本體 2 :排氣體 3 :攪拌機 4 :空氣供給管 5 :空氣氣泡 6 :吸收液 7 :吸收液循環泵 8 :拔取液管 9 :噴霧頭 1〇 :三方向噴霧噴嘴 1 1 :除霧器 12 :處理氣體 13 :雙方向噴霧噴嘴 -14-201210677 VI. [Technical Field] The present invention relates to sulfur dioxide (so2) in an exhaust gas discharged from a combustion apparatus such as a boiler using a fuel containing a sulfur-containing compound such as stone carbon or heavy oil. The wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus to be removed is, in particular, a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus having an absorption tower using a three-direction spray nozzle. [Prior Art] A known example of a wet type flue gas desulfurization apparatus using a spray method of the prior art (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-23725-8, etc.), the side view of the absorption tower constituting the desulfurization apparatus is Figure 8 shows. The wet flue gas desulfurization device mainly comprises: an absorption tower body 1, a mixer 3, an air supply pipe 4, an air bubble 5, an absorption liquid circulation pump 7, an extraction liquid pipe 8, a spray head 9, and a bidirectional spray nozzle 13 The mist eliminator 11 and the like are formed. Symbol 2 is an exhaust gas, symbol 12 is a treated gas, and symbol 6 is an absorbent. The exhaust body 2 discharged from the boiler is introduced toward the lower portion of the absorption tower main body 1, and is in contact with the jet flow generated by the plurality of bidirectional spray nozzles 13 disposed in the plurality of spray heads provided, through which the gas is passed. The liquid absorption zone is discharged from the top of the treated rear column. The calcium carbonate-containing absorbent 6 sent from the absorption liquid circulation pump 7 is sprayed from the above-described bidirectional spray nozzle 13. The liquid flow ejected from the two-direction spray nozzle 13 absorbs S02 in the exhaust gas by gas-liquid contact, and becomes an absorption liquid 6 for generating Ca(HS03)2. Calcium sulphate (CaS04) is produced by oxidizing Ca(HS03)2 in the effluent 6 of the 201210677 by the oxygen in the air bubbles 5 supplied from the air supply pipe 4. The calcium carbonate-containing slurry-like absorbent which is frequently supplied in this time is again sucked by the absorption liquid circulation pump 7 and is ejected from the two-direction spray nozzle 13. Further, when necessary, the liquid discharge is discharged from the absorption tower via the extraction liquid pipe 8. [PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1] JP-A-2004-23 725 8 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the prior art of the spray method, it is pointed out that In the case of either one of the unidirectional directions or the two directions, there is a problem that there is a dead space of gas-liquid contact in the space other than the ejection region generated by the nozzle. For example, the left diagram of Fig. 2 is a side view showing a pattern of injection using a conventional two-direction spray nozzle, and numerals 1 and 2 are ejection regions for displaying the vertical direction. Even if the injection flow rate from the nozzle of the upper stage and the nozzle of the vicinity is simultaneously added three-dimensionally, the unevenness of the gas-liquid contact density is large, and therefore there is a problem that turbulent flow of gas occurs and the absorption efficiency is lowered. An object of the present invention is to provide a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus including an absorption tower, which can uniformly uniform the injection area of the nozzle, suppress turbulent flow of the exhaust gas, and uniformize the gas-liquid contact density, thereby obtaining high separation. Sulfur ratio, lighter and smaller device. -6 - 201210677 (Means for Solving the Problems) The above object of the present invention is to provide an absorption tower which absorbs liquid and is disposed in the absorption by the hair unit of the first aspect of the patent application. The nozzle is sprayed on the tower so that the lower portion of the absorption tower is characterized in that the spray nozzle provided in the section other than the plurality of sections has an upward direction and a spray nozzle, and the three-direction spray nozzle receives the liquid discharge flow rate and downward from the spray nozzle. Spray and effluent flow rate from the spray nozzle in the transverse direction: Jet flow downward: in the range of 1: 0.05 to 0.4. For example, in the wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus of the first item of the second aspect of the patent application, the spray spray in the three directions below the three sides in the three directions is 75 to 135 degrees, 75 to 150 degrees, and the longitudinal angle is 90 degrees or less. It is within a range of 160 degrees or less in the horizontal direction. As for the wet flue gas desulfurization device of the first or second item of the third paragraph of the patent application, the spray nozzle of the uppermost stage is achieved only by the solution under the effect of the invention. It is a kind of wet flue gas desulfurization, which is a gas-liquid contact of an exhaust body introduced by a spray of a plurality of spray heads of a pumping portion of the absorbing liquid, and each of the outermost portions of the spray head is downward and laterally The ratio of the absorbing liquid injection flow rate and the injection flow rate of the suction nozzle of the three-way spray nozzle (the injection flow rate toward the upper spray direction) is 0.2 to 1 and is the upward direction of the first spray nozzle as in the patent application, toward the mouth. The absorption liquid ejection angle is a horizontal angle of the conical injection region of each of the conical injection regions in the lateral direction, and is a spray nozzle provided in the above-described multi-stage spray head as in the patent application. According to the present invention, by preventing the uniformity of the gas-liquid contact region in the absorption tower, the uneven flow of the exhaust gas and the uneven dispersion of the droplets are improved, and the effect of improving the desulfurization rate can be achieved. Further, since the absorbing liquid is ejected from the three-direction spray nozzle in the up-and-down direction and the horizontal direction, the section in which the conventional gas-liquid contact is not sufficiently exhibited can be eliminated, and the gas-liquid contact area can be substantially increased, and the number of spray nozzles can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a small-sized, high-performance wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus which is lower in cost than conventional techniques. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using examples. Fig. 1 is a side view showing an absorption tower of a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Symbol 1 is the body of the absorption tower, 2 is the exhaust body, 3 is the agitator, 4 is the air supply pipe, 5 is the air bubble, 6 is the absorption liquid, 7 is the absorption liquid circulation pump, 8 is the extraction liquid pipe, 9 is the spray head, 10 is a three-direction spray nozzle, 11 is a mist eliminator, and 12 is a process gas. The exhaust body 2 discharged from the boiler is introduced into the lower portion of the absorption tower main body 1, and is in contact with the jet flow generated by the plurality of three-direction spray nozzles arranged in each stage, and the gas-liquid absorption is performed. The area, after being desulfurized, is discharged from the top of the tower. The calcium carbonate-containing absorbent 6 sent from the absorption liquid circulation pump 7 is sprayed from the above-described three-direction spray nozzle 10. The liquid flow ejected from the three-direction spray nozzle 10 absorbs S02 in the exhaust gas by gas-liquid contact, and becomes an absorption liquid 6 for generating Ca(HS03)2. Calcium sulfate (CaS04) is produced by oxidizing Ca(HS03)2 in the liquid 6 of the suction 6 by the oxygen in the air bubbles 5 supplied from the air supply pipe 4. The calcium carbonate-containing slurry-like absorbent which is supplied with the calcium sulfate in time is again sucked by the absorption liquid circulation pump 7 and sprayed from the three-direction spray nozzle 1 . Further, when necessary, the liquid discharge is discharged from the absorption tower via the extraction liquid pipe 8. In the absorption tower of the present embodiment, the three-direction spray nozzle 10 has a feature that the absorption liquid can be ejected in three directions in the upward direction, the downward direction, and the lateral direction, and is absorbed in each of the sections other than the uppermost stage. In the tower wall, the ratio of the absorption flow rate of the absorption liquid from the spray nozzle toward the upper side, the discharge flow rate of the absorption liquid from the spray nozzle toward the lower side, and the discharge flow rate of the absorption liquid from the spray nozzle toward the horizontal direction in the nearest three-way spray nozzle (Injection flow upwards: injection flow downward: injection flow in the horizontal direction) 0.2 to 1: 1: 0.05 to 0.4. Further, the spray nozzles of the spray nozzles in the upper and lower directions of the three-direction spray nozzle have an angle of absorption of 75 to 135 degrees and 75 to 150 degrees, respectively, and a longitudinal angle of the cone-shaped spray region in the lateral direction of 90 degrees or less. The horizontal angle of the cone injection region in the lateral direction is 160 degrees or less. Further, only the spray nozzle facing downward is used in the uppermost stage. In the experimental example, a three-way spray nozzle was used, and compared with a conventional two-direction spray nozzle, the amount of exhaust gas was fixed to a certain amount, and the same amount of injection flow rate was used. The effect on the desulfurization rate produced by the injection flow rate is shown in Fig. 6. The tri-directional spray nozzle and the bi-directional spray nozzle both increase the desulfurization rate with the increase of the injection flow rate, but the desulfurization rate in the same flow rate is obtained by using the three-direction spray nozzle. The tendency to move higher. This is because the injection of the absorbing liquid in the lateral direction by the three-direction spray 201210677 nozzle is more uniform than the bidirectional spray nozzle, and contributes to an increase in the desulfurization rate. In the case of the three-direction spray nozzle of the experimental example of Fig. 6, the flow rate is injected upward: the flow rate is injected downward: the ratio of the injection flow rate in the lateral direction is performed by 1: 1 : 0.2, and the spray is sprayed upward in the double-direction spray nozzle Flow rate: The ratio of the injection flow downward is implemented by 1:1. Further, in the experimental example, the three-direction spray nozzle 10 was used, and the influence on the desulfurization rate caused by the ratio of the injection flow rate of the absorption liquid in the transverse direction to the total flow rate in the three directions of the upper and lower directions was as shown in Fig. 7. The total injection flow rate is fixed at a fixed rate, and the ratio of the horizontal injection flow rate to the total flow rate is based on the desulfurization rate at the time of enthalpy. As can be seen from Fig. 7, the desulfurization rate is increased as the ratio of the horizontal injection flow rate to the total flow rate is increased. However, when the ratio of the upward injection amount to the downward injection amount is fixed at 1:1, the horizontal ratio is When the ratio of the injection flow rate to the total injection flow rate is in the range of 0.07 to 0.1, the desulfurization ratio tends to decrease again. Further, if the ratio of the horizontal injection flow rate to the total injection flow rate exceeds 0.17, the desulfurization rate decreases more than the horizontal injection flow rate of zero. This is because the gas-liquid contact region is uniformized within a certain range by increasing the injection flow rate of the absorbing liquid in the lateral direction, and the injection flow rate in the lateral direction is further increased, which is converted in the direction in which the uniformity is deteriorated. In the experimental example of Fig. 7, the flow rate is injected upward: the flow rate is injected downward: the ratio of the injection flow rate to the horizontal direction is 1: 1: The case of 〇 is 90%, and 1: 1 : 〇·1 1 8 The desulfurization rate is 92.5%, the desulfurization rate is 93.3% in the case of 1: 1 : 0. 195, and the desulfurization rate is 91.8% in the case of 1: 1 : 0.3 3 8 , 1: 1: In the case, the desulfurization rate was 88.2%. -10- 201210677 The desulfurization rate is calculated from the measurement results of sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas before and after the desulfurization treatment. The measurement of sulfur dioxide in the exhaust gas is based on JIS B7981 (2002). The same is true below. From the experimental results shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the flow rate of the absorption liquid from the spray nozzle toward the upper side of the three-direction spray nozzle, the flow rate of the absorption liquid from the spray nozzle toward the lower side, and the spray nozzle from the spray direction in the lateral direction The ratio of the discharge rate of the absorption liquid (the injection flow rate toward the upper direction: the flow rate toward the lower side: the flow rate in the lateral direction) is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 1: 1: 0.05 to 0.4. The collision of the upward injection and the downward injection causes the miniaturization of the droplets to be promoted, and the desulfurization rate tends to increase. On the other hand, if the ratio of the amount of the upward ejection and the amount of the downward ejection becomes too large, the ejection from the spray nozzle tends to be the same as the flow direction of the gas, and the desulfurization rate is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable that the ratio of the upward injection amount and the downward injection amount is in the range of 0.2 to 1:1. The right diagram of Fig. 2 is an injection pattern showing a three-direction spray nozzle. The numbers 1 and 2 are ejection regions for displaying the vertical direction, and the numeral 3 is a side view for displaying the regions ejected in the lateral direction. Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the spray nozzle of the plane of the spray nozzle as seen from above. The left figure is a plan view showing a pattern sprayed using a conventional two-direction spray nozzle, and the number 3 on the right is a plan view showing a region ejected in the lateral direction. As can be seen from the left diagram of Fig. 3, in the conventional two-direction spray nozzle, there is no spray nozzle spray area on the plane of the spray nozzle. As can be seen from the right figure, the horizontal spray of the three-direction spray nozzle has no conventional blank spray. region. -11 - 201210677 Figure 4 is a side view of the injection pattern of a plurality of nearest neighbor nozzles. The upper view of Fig. 4 is a side view showing a pattern ejected using a conventional two-direction spray nozzle, and numerals 1 and 2 are ejection regions for respectively displaying the up and down direction. The lower diagram of Fig. 4 is an injection pattern showing a three-direction spray nozzle. The numerals 1 and 2 are ejection regions for displaying the vertical direction in each direction. The numeral 3 is a side view showing a region ejected in the lateral direction. Fig. 5 is a side view showing the ejection pattern of the nearest neighbor nozzle of the complex three-direction spray nozzle in the nearest two upper and lower sections. The numbers 1 and 2 and 3 are the ejection areas for displaying the vertical direction in the vertical direction. As can be seen from Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5, the spray area of the three-direction spray nozzle can be more uniform than the conventional two-direction spray nozzle. On the other hand, in the present invention, the absorbing liquid is ejected in the vertical and horizontal directions by using a spray nozzle which can eject the entire flow rate from the spray nozzle at a predetermined ratio upward, downward, and lateral directions. Further, in each stage, the nozzles are arranged as far as possible to achieve maximum overlap, so that the gas-liquid absorption region in the absorption tower is made as uniform as possible, and a high desulfurization rate can be obtained. Figure 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of a plurality of nozzles in an absorption tower of the present technology. The segments shown here have the same arrangement, but by combining the segments by 20 to 60 degrees (the embodiment of the case where the 30 degrees are shifted in FIG. 9) The maximum overlap of the nozzle spray areas can be achieved, and construction and manufacturing can be simplified. On the other hand, regarding the spray nozzle provided at the uppermost stage, by using a spray nozzle having a downward direction only -12-201210677, the upward spray amount in the gas flow direction is greatly suppressed because it is zero. In the conventional flue gas desulfurization device of the two-way spray nozzle, the upward flow of the liquid flow is carried by the gas passing through the mist eliminator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [Fig. 1] is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an absorption tower using a three-direction spray nozzle of an embodiment of the present invention. [Fig. 2] A comparison of the side views between the three-direction spray nozzle used in the present invention and the conventional two-way spray nozzle in the spray region of the separate spray nozzle. (Left: double-direction spray nozzle; right: three-direction spray nozzle) ° [Fig. 3] The three-direction spray nozzle used in the present invention in the lateral spray region of the separate spray nozzle and the conventional two-direction spray nozzle Comparison of the floor plans between. (Left: two-way spray nozzle; right: three-way spray nozzle). [Fig. 4] A comparison of the side views between the three-direction spray nozzle used in the present invention and the conventional two-way spray nozzle in the three-direction spray region of the spray nozzle in the same stage. (Up: two-way spray nozzle; bottom: three-way spray nozzle). [Fig. 5] A side view of an injection region of the three-direction spray nozzle used in the present invention in the adjacent upper and lower sections. [Fig. 6] showing the relationship between the injection flow rate and the desulfurization rate in the three-direction spray nozzle of the embodiment of the present invention and the conventional two-way nozzle = -13 - 201210677 [Fig. 7] showing the embodiment of the present invention The relationship between the ratio of the cross injection flow rate of the three-direction spray nozzle to the total injection flow rate and the desulfurization rate. [Fig. 8] A side view showing the configuration of an absorption tower of a conventional technique. [Fig. 9] A plan view showing a configuration of a plurality of nozzles in an absorption tower of the present technology. [Main component symbol description] 1 : Absorption tower body 2 : Exhaust gas 3 : Mixer 4 : Air supply pipe 5 : Air bubble 6 : Absorbent liquid 7 : Absorbent liquid circulation pump 8 : Extraction liquid pipe 9 : Spray head 1 : 3 Directional spray nozzle 1 1 : Demisters 12 : Process gas 13 : Two-way spray nozzle - 14 -