201213638 六、發明說明： [0001] 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於一種鐵軌。 [0002] 【先前技術】 習知之發電技術，不外乎火力發電、水力發電等為主之 技術。然，火力發電以燃油、煤炭為主，經長期開採已 經曰益枯竭，這種不可再生能源越來越給全球帶來了能 源危機。 ❹ [0003] 近幾年，新能源如太陽能發電、風能發電、潮汐發電等 等，這類大自然中取之不盡、用之不竭之新能源如雨後 春筍般不斷涌現，並已經進入實用階段。 [0004] 然，上述新能源都有一些局限性，例如，太陽能發電， 對於日照強的地區效果比較有效，並且受到白天、晚上 、季節、氣候的諸多影響；風能發電，受地區、季節和 氣候的影響更大；潮汐發電，只有沿海地區有效，而在 内陸地區就毫無辦法。 〇 [0005] 目前，在長途旅程中一般選擇乘坐火車，火車利用鋪設 在地面上鐵轨以及電力實現遠距離運行。火車於運行中 ，車輪與鐵軌之間產生較大的壓力，如果將壓力轉換為 電能並提供火車使用，那麼，則會節省下較多的火力或 水利發電所產生之電能。 [0006] 【發明内容】 有鑑於此，有必要提供一種可發電之鐵執。 [0007] 一種鐵執，用於軌道式交通工具，所述鐵軌包括上部、 099132408 表單編號A0101 第3頁/共11頁 0992056762-0 201213638 /、所述上β大致平行之下部和大致垂直連接且位於所述 上孙下部之間之中部，所述鐵軌進—步包括受屢後產 生電能之壓電層。 [0_相較於先前技術，本發日月實施例的鐵㈣用火車運行所 產生之壓力使位於鐵軌上之壓電層產生形變，壓電層將 其文到的壓力轉換為電能，從而使鐵軌可以發電該種 鐵軌受I力發«絲之*盡、狀料，而且不消耗 自然能源，不會造成環境污染。 【實施方式】 [0009]下面將結合附圖對本發明實施例作進一步詳細說明。 _]請參閱圖1所示，本發明第一實施例提供的鐵軌1〇包括本 體11和壓電層12。 [0011] 本體11包括大致平行的上部ill和下部u 3以及位於上部 111和下部11 3之間且基本垂直上部丨丨丨和下部i丨3的申部 m，上部ill、中部in和卡部使得本體11呈“工，， 字形狀，上部111與地基相對’下部1丨〖與地基相接觸。 [0012] 本體11 一般由鋼組成，具體可分為普通含錳鋼、含銅普 碳鋼、高石夕含銅鋼、銅鋼、猛鋼、石夕鋼等。 [0013] 上部111和下部11 3分別具有與鐵軌10同向延伸的中空第 一收容空間111 0和中空第二收容空間丨丨3 〇，壓電層丨2位 於第一收容空間1110和第二收容空間113〇内，壓電層12 之厚度小於上部111或下部113高度的一半。 [0014] 壓電層12的延伸方向與上部ill和下部113的長度方向相 同，換言之’壓電層12平行本體丨丨的長度方向。 0992056762-0 099132408 表單編號A0101 第4頁/共11頁 201213638 [0015] 列車運行過程，鐵軌10的上部111和下部113受到的沖擊 力較大，產生的形變亦較大，如設置在上部111的表面， 則會在巨大沖擊力之作用下受到損害，故，壓電層12應 該設置在上部111内部以防止受到巨大的沖擊力而損害。 [0016] 更進一步，也可以在鐵執10的中部112的外表面設置壓電 層。 [0017] 當然，壓電層12之厚度也可以為其他數據，只要不影響 火車之正常行駛即可。 〇 [0018] 壓電層12之材料可以為有機壓電材料和復合壓電材料， 其中，有機壓電材料包括偏聚氟乙烯，復合壓電材料是 在有機聚合物基底材料中嵌入片狀、棒狀、桿狀或粉狀 的無機壓電材料或/和有機壓電材料。 [0019] 無機壓電材料包括壓電晶體和壓電陶瓷，例如，壓電晶 體包括石英晶體、鎵酸鋰、鍺酸鋰、鍺酸鈦、鈮酸鋰和 钽酸鋰；壓電陶瓷包括鈦酸鋇、锆鈦酸鋇、改性锆鈦酸 Q 鋇、鈮酸鉛鋇鋰和改性鈦酸鉛。 [0020] 壓電層12藉由設置在地基上之導線與車站或者專門之電 站儲存使用、或者與更大之車站、電站聯網，或者經逆 變後與市電聯網，從而可提供火車運行所需要之電能， 或者供其他電器設備使用。 [0021] 本實施例之鐵軌利用火車運行時候，車輪與鐵軌之間所 產生之壓力使壓電層產生形變，壓電層將其受到的壓力 轉換為電能，從而使鐵軌可以發電，該種鐵軌受壓力發 電模式取之不盡、用之不竭，而且不消耗自然能源，不 099132408 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共11頁 0992056762-0 201213638 會造成環境污染。 [0022] 上述可以發電之鐵軌1 0可以運用在地上軌道式交通和地 下執道式交通。 [0023] 如圖2所示，本發明第二實施例提供的鐵軌20的結構基本 與第一實施例的鐵軌10相同，其不同之處在於：壓電層 22位於“工”字形本體21的中部212的外表面上。 [0024] 壓電層22的延伸方向平行本體21的長度方向，換言之， 壓電層22的延伸方向平行鐵軌20的長度方向。 [0025] 列車運行過程中，鐵軌20的中部212幾乎沒有變形，但是 ，列車車輪與中部21 2之間存在壓力，故，中部21 2上的 壓電層22可將車輪的壓力轉換為電能。 [0026] 更進一步，鐵軌20的上部和/或下部内也設置壓電層。 [0027] 請參閱圖3所示，本發明第三實施例提供的鐵軌30的結構 基本與第一實施例的鐵軌10相同，其不同之處在於：“ 工”字形本體31的下部313與地基接觸的一面具有凹槽 314，凹槽314内設置有壓電層32。 [0028] 更進一步，鐵軌30的中部的外表面和/或上部内也設置壓 電層。 [0029] 綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，遂依法提 出專利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方 式，自不能以此限制本案之申請專利範圍。舉凡熟悉本 案技藝之人士援依本發明之精神所作之等效修飾或變化 ，皆應涵蓋於以下申請專利範圍内。 099132408 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共11頁 0992056762-0 201213638 【圖式簡單說明】 [0030] 圖1是本發明第一實施例鐵軌之截面示意圖 [0031] 圖2是本發明第二實施例鐵軌之截面示意圖 [0032] 圖3是本發明第三實施例鐵軌之截面示意圖 【主要元件符號說明】 Ο 〇 [0033] 鐵軌： 10 ， 20 ， 30 [0034] 本體： 11 ， 21 ， 31 [0035] 壓電層 :12 ， 22 ， 32 [0036] 上部： 111 [0037] 中部： 112 ， 212 [0038] 下部： 113 ， 313 [0039] 凹槽： 314 [0040] 第一收容空間：1110 [0041] 第二收容空間：1130 099132408 表單編號Α0101 第7頁/共11頁 0992056762-0201213638 VI. Description of the Invention: [0001] Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rail. [0002] The prior art power generation technology is nothing more than a technology such as thermal power generation and hydroelectric power generation. However, thermal power generation is dominated by fuel oil and coal. After long-term exploitation, it has been exhausted. This non-renewable energy has increasingly brought energy crisis to the world. ❹ [0003] In recent years, new energy sources such as solar power, wind power, tidal power, etc., such inexhaustible new energy in nature, have sprung up and have become practical stage. [0004] However, the above new energy sources have some limitations. For example, solar power generation is effective for areas with strong sunshine and is affected by day, night, season and climate; wind power generation, by region, season and The impact of the climate is greater; tidal power generation is only effective in coastal areas, but there is no way in the interior. 〇 [0005] At present, trains are generally chosen for long-distance journeys, and trains use long-distance running on rails and electricity on the ground. When the train is in operation, a large pressure is generated between the wheels and the rails. If the pressure is converted into electric energy and the train is used, then more firepower or power generated by the hydroelectric power generation can be saved. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an iron capable of generating electricity. [0007] An iron sling for a rail vehicle, the rail including an upper portion, 099132408 Form No. A0101, Page 3/11, 0992056762-0 201213638 /, the upper β is substantially parallel and substantially vertically connected and Located in the middle of the upper part of the upper sun, the rail further includes a piezoelectric layer that is subjected to electrical energy after repeated generations. [0_ Compared with the prior art, the iron (4) of the embodiment of the present invention uses the pressure generated by the train to deform the piezoelectric layer on the rail, and the piezoelectric layer converts the pressure to the electric energy, thereby The rail can generate electricity. The kind of rail is subject to the force of the wire, and it does not consume natural energy and will not cause environmental pollution. Embodiments [0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to Fig. 1, a rail 1〇 according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a body 11 and a piezoelectric layer 12. [0011] The body 11 includes a substantially parallel upper ill and a lower portion u 3 and a portion m between the upper portion 111 and the lower portion 11 3 and substantially perpendicular to the upper portion and the lower portion 丨3, the upper ill, the middle portion and the card portion The body 11 is made into a "work," shape, and the upper portion 111 is opposite to the foundation. The lower portion is in contact with the foundation. [0012] The body 11 is generally composed of steel, and can be specifically classified into ordinary manganese-containing steel and copper-containing carbon steel. , Gao Shixi contains copper steel, copper steel, Menggang, Shixia steel, etc. [0013] The upper portion 111 and the lower portion 11 3 respectively have a hollow first receiving space 111 0 and a hollow second receiving space that extend in the same direction as the rail 10丨3 〇, the piezoelectric layer 丨 2 is located in the first accommodating space 1110 and the second accommodating space 113 ,, and the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 is less than half of the height of the upper portion 111 or the lower portion 113. [0014] The extending direction of the piezoelectric layer 12 The length direction of the upper ill and the lower portion 113 is the same, in other words, the piezoelectric layer 12 is parallel to the length direction of the body 。. 0992056762-0 099132408 Form No. A0101 Page 4 of 11 201213638 [0015] Train running process, rail 10 Impact on upper portion 111 and lower portion 113 Larger, the resulting deformation is also larger. If it is disposed on the surface of the upper portion 111, it will be damaged by the impact of a large impact force. Therefore, the piezoelectric layer 12 should be disposed inside the upper portion 111 to prevent being subjected to a large impact force. Further, it is also possible to provide a piezoelectric layer on the outer surface of the central portion 112 of the iron holder 10. [0017] Of course, the thickness of the piezoelectric layer 12 may also be other data as long as it does not affect the normal running of the train. 〇 [0018] The material of the piezoelectric layer 12 may be an organic piezoelectric material and a composite piezoelectric material, wherein the organic piezoelectric material comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride, and the composite piezoelectric material is embedded in the organic polymer base material. Inorganic piezoelectric material or/and organic piezoelectric material in the form of a rod, a rod, a rod or a powder. [0019] The inorganic piezoelectric material includes a piezoelectric crystal and a piezoelectric ceramic, for example, the piezoelectric crystal includes a quartz crystal, a gallic acid Lithium, lithium niobate, titanium niobate, lithium niobate and lithium niobate; piezoelectric ceramics including barium titanate, barium zirconate titanate, modified zirconium titanate Q 钡, lead bismuth ruthenate and modified lead titanate [0020] The piezoelectric layer 12 is disposed at the ground The wires are stored in the station or special power station, or connected to a larger station or power station, or connected to the mains via an inverter, so that the power required for the train to operate can be provided, or used for other electrical equipment. When the rail of the embodiment is operated by a train, the pressure generated between the wheel and the rail causes the piezoelectric layer to be deformed, and the piezoelectric layer converts the pressure it receives into electric energy, so that the rail can generate electricity, and the rail is under pressure. The power generation mode is inexhaustible and inexhaustible, and does not consume natural energy. No 099132408 Form No. A0101 Page 5 of 11 0992056762-0 201213638 will cause environmental pollution. [0022] The above-mentioned rails 10 that can generate electricity can be used in above-ground orbital traffic and underground traffic. As shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the rail 20 provided by the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the rail 10 of the first embodiment, except that the piezoelectric layer 22 is located on the "I" shaped body 21. On the outer surface of the central portion 212. [0024] The extending direction of the piezoelectric layer 22 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the body 21, in other words, the extending direction of the piezoelectric layer 22 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rail 20. [0025] During the running of the train, the middle portion 212 of the rail 20 is hardly deformed, but there is pressure between the train wheel and the middle portion 21 2, so that the piezoelectric layer 22 on the central portion 21 2 can convert the pressure of the wheel into electric energy. Further, a piezoelectric layer is also disposed in the upper portion and/or the lower portion of the rail 20 . Referring to FIG. 3, the structure of the rail 30 provided by the third embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as that of the rail 10 of the first embodiment, except that the lower portion 313 of the "work" shaped body 31 and the foundation are provided. The contact side has a recess 314 in which a piezoelectric layer 32 is disposed. Further, a piezoelectric layer is also disposed in the outer surface and/or the upper portion of the middle portion of the rail 30. [0029] In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is filed according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by persons skilled in the art in light of the spirit of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0030] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail of a first embodiment of the present invention [0031] FIG. 2 is a railroad track of a second embodiment of the present invention. [0030] FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rail according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Ο 〇 [0033] Rail: 10, 20, 30 [0034] Body: 11, 21, 31 [0035] Piezoelectric layer: 12, 22, 32 [0036] Upper: 111 [0037] Middle: 112, 212 [0038] Lower: 113, 313 [0039] Groove: 314 [0040] First receiving space: 1110 [0041] Second containment space: 1130 099132408 Form number Α0101 Page 7 / Total 11 pages 0992056762-0