201250731 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於電氣變麗器之有載換接器(〇n 1〇ad tap changers)之防爆領域。由於它們的結構之緣故，有載換接器 (OLTC)在⑼-個步階至另-個步階之轉換期間會出現小的 電弧。通常，以諸如油之類的介電流體，至少部分地填充 OLTC。所使用的油在約140QC以上之溫度等級便會著火。 電弧在OLTC内側增加了油之劣化。〇LTC呈現了損失，為 此理由，需要驅散所產生的熱。亦利用油來實施此散熱工作。 【先前技術】 在諸相位之間、或在一相位與接地之間，電絕緣故障先產 生了會促動電力保護系統（斷路器）而觸發變壓器之供電間 隔（supply cell)的強t弧。電弧亦造成能量之總耗散，因介 電油分解而造成氣體(特別是，氫氣及乙炔)產生。 在氣體釋放後，在OLTC槽内側之壓力增加得非常快速， 常常導致非常劇烈的爆燃。爆燃造成該槽之機械連接（螺 栓、焊接)之明顯的撕裂，使該等氣體與周圍空氣中的氧接 觸。因為乙快在氧的存在下會自燃，所以，火談立即爆發， 且擴散至在場亦可能包含大量可燃物質的設備之其它零件。 由於因過載、電壓突波、絕緣之逐漸劣化、油位不足、水 或域菌之存在、或絕緣組件之故障所造成之短路，使得絕緣 斷裂造成爆炸。 101109294 3 201250731 在先前技術巾’火警指示驗動電氣變壓_之滅火系 、先」而w變壓n油已經燃燒時，這些系統之操作會明顯 落後。僅將火⑽發限不會將讀擴散轉近設施的設 備。 從〇年代晚期起，已知有一種防止電氣變墨器及有載換 接器之爆炸及著火的裂置。 本發明改善了此種情況。 【發明内容】 電亂變壓器之有载換接器之爆炸防止裝置包含槽及蓋 子。遠槽4納有介電液。此種防止裝置包含斷裂元件㈣_ el_nt)。此斷裂裝置緊緊地靠著該槽。斷裂元件在斷裂時 。括撕裂區及折豐區。當槽内部壓力超過預定臨界時，斷裂 f會破裂開來。此種裝置包含斷裂4之至少-個支撐構 =支_件切了位在斷裂元件下游的導管(㈣。支 撐構件係遠離於蓋子。 、薄標位在斷裂元件下游的導管，並與槽相連 I 了被有載換接器之蓋子所支撐的負荷。 可在斷裂兀件與下游導管之間安裝有可換性套筒 。斷裂元 及有載換接$至少部分地在機械上與諸下游排放管相隔 離。 可撓n套筒可絲在㈣元件與位在斷裂元件下游的 吕之严曰 1且與槽相連通。斷裂元件與有載換接 器至少部分 101109294 4 201250731 地在機械上相互隔離。可撓性套筒可以吸收變壓器與有載換 接器之振動。 支撐構件可包括一板。此板可設有一凹口（n0tch)，藉此， 下游導管可通過。該板參與了此防止裝置之負荷重分割 (load repartition)。可使此板適用於現有變壓器之多種構形。 該板可包括整體上成形為圓形的周圍，其可調整成多種構 形’且限制應力集中。 此種裝置可包含-個固定至該板且保持下游導管進入至 凹口中的凸緣。此凸緣改善了下游導管相對於支撐構件之位 置，且精確地進入至凹口中。 下游導管可包含一個用以固定支撐構件的凸緣。此凸緣係 用以做為下游導管與支撐構件之間的緩衝件。該凸緣在工作 期間至少部分地吸收摩擦及/或振動。 支撐構件可包含複數個腳部。該板係以腳部來支撐。以腳 部支撐該板係可調整的。這些可使支撐構件之位置適合於變 壓器之多種構形。 至少一個腳部可與一個膨脹補償器（dUatati加 compensator)相連結。此種防止裝置之元件可由許多種材料 戶ί構成，所以，膨脹比係不同的。該等膨脹補償器能吸收此 裝置之許多元件之相對位移。 至少一個腳部可具t 一個設定長度。可使板方位及支撐構 件方位在功能上適合於變壓器、有載換接器、防止裝置之構 101109294 5 201250731 形。 諸％脹補侦器可具有阻尼功能（damping functi〇n)。此種裝 置可具有熱膨脹及機械振動。具有吸收兩個現象的部件係合 算的。 膨脹補償器包含有金屬。減少著火風險。 知脹補彳員益可包含鋼絲絨(steel w〇〇l)。以結構或設計而非 材料，來確保膨脹補償器。這些材料之防火特性係良好的。 此種裝置可以包含配置在斷裂元件下游的隔離閥 (isolation valve)。在對斷裂元件或其下游之其它元件做維修 操作期間’隔離有載換接器之内側。 有載換接器可包含支撐住蓋子的頭部。此頭部可以用螺帽 固定至變壓器之壁上。該等螺帽至少其中之一者亦可固定住 支撐構件。該等螺帽至少其中之一者亦固定住膨脹補償器。 有載換接器槽可以遠離於變壓器之主槽。減少在著火情況 中連鎖反應之風險。 在研讀被視為完全非限定的範例且以所附圖式來說明之 特定具體例的詳細說明下’可更加清楚地了解本發明。 【實施方式】 雖然本發明容許各種修改及替代形式，但是，在該等圖式 中以範例顯示，且在此將詳細描述其特定具體例。然而，應 該了解到’該等圖式及其詳細敘述無意限制本發明至所揭露 之特定形式，但相反地，意欲涵蓋落在所附申請專利圍所界 101109294 6 201250731 定之精神及範圍内的所有修改、均等物及替代物。 應該了解到，以文字「標準（normal)」或「傳統操作 (conventional operation)」來表示變壓器之能量轉換模式。 必須了解到’文字「上游」及「下游」係表示油從槽至外側 之移位方向上。 先前技術之有載換接器之防止裝置.涉及了在有載換接器 附近、及準確地位在有載換接器之蓋子附近的許多大量元件 之安裝。必須支撐諸防止裝置元件之重量的有載換接器蓋 子，必須設計成在機械上抵抗附加的重量。在現有的電氣變 壓器上之防止裝置之後面安裝，涉及了以良好適應的新蓋子 取代有載換接器之蓋子。有載換接器蓋子之替換增加了成 本。以新蓋子來取代蓋子可能涉及了_安全標準之新的認 邊。在維修操作期間，如果必須打開有载換接器之蓋子，則 其該防止裝置之拆解可能會耗費相當長的時間。 在其探索顧十f人贿到：變壓H㈣通常要比有載 換接器之蓋子為硬。主槽通常具有比心支稽此防止 义置之附加胃1所而者缝乡的強度。_請人試目使此種防 t褒置之支撐表面財賴接轉炸處㈣於原位而至變 峻益槽壁。分擔在㈣壓器槽壁上之防止I置重量之負荷， 以使有載換接n之蓋子免於遭遇附加重量。在防止裝置安裝 器之相 器 在事先存在的有載換接器上期間，保留了該有載換接— 同的蓋子。有載換接5!丨之；^ 1 。“之|子可以設計成密封住有載換接 101109294 201250731 槽。 電氣變壓器1包含：主槽2、及至少一個上壁3，參考圖 1。上壁3可以具有覆蓋住主槽2的蓋子之形式。上壁3可 包含有鋼。變壓器丨之主槽2流動地連接至保存器 (conServator)19。保存器19係設置在比變壓器！之主槽2 為高的高度上。變壓器1之主槽2填充有介電液u。保存 器19至少部分地填充有介電液u。使導管2〇與保存器d 及主槽2呈流體相通。由於與保存器19呈流體相通，故使 得主槽2中之介電液U高度實質上維持固定。介電液u體 積可月b因熱％脹（容器及内含物）而改變。保存器19可容納 介電液11高度變動，取代了主槽2。保存器19可校正介電 液11因膨脹所造成之體積變動。 變壓器1設有一或多個有載換接器5(0LTC)。有載換接器 5係作為變壓器1與電力網格之間的介面，它連接至電力網 格，以提供固定電壓，而無視於與網格交換的電力之變動。 有載換接器5在此係位於變壓器丨之主槽2中。從上壁3 插入的有載換接器5，可以浸入變壓器丨之主槽2内所容納 的介電液11中。 有載換接益5包含它自己的槽7。此槽7至少部分地填充 有介電液41。介電液41之主要特性係絕緣的。事實上，有 載換接器5經常承受電弧，而只承受適度熱量增加。然而， 以相同於在變壓器1之主槽2中所容納的介電液u的可燃 101109294 8 201250731 介電液41，來冷卻有載換接器5。由於有載換接器之高機械 阻力’它的爆炸常常非常的猛烈，丘有燃燒的介電液41嘴 出有载換接器5之槽7係流動地連接至保存器的。保存 益49至少部分地填充有燃燒介電液4卜以導管5〇確保保 存器49與有載換接11 5之槽7之間的流體連接。保存号49 係设置在比載換接器5為高的高度上。由於與保存器49呈 =2,因而使槽7中之介電液41高度實質上維持固2 =脹絲㈣及内含物)，介電液41易於體積變動。 9々納了介電液高度變動，取代了槽7。保存器49 可㉙整因膨脹所造成之介電液41變動。 、 動…5〇可配備有自動閥51，以便在介電液41之顯著移 動的情况下關閉導管5G。在有載換接器5之_7、、=移 附加入了介電液41流動之開始’且藉由自動閥51之^門， 停止。避免了在保存器49中所 之關閉而 在自動間51鮮7 W 的"電液41之排茂。可 52。^ θ 的導官 50 _ 安裝 Buchholz 繼 ^ 5广”、或在有載換接器5之槽填充期間，㈣ :自動閥51係自主的。自動…心^ 7 T •置。從的年代起，一售此種 可=述相同的方式，連結保存器】9及主槽2的導管2〇 "^又有自動閥21及/或Buchh〇lz繼電器22。 101109294 201250731 依照圖1所示之具體例，保存器19及49、導管20及50、 自動閥21及51、及Buchholz繼電器22及52，在某一部分 方面區隔於主槽2，而在其它部分方面區隔於有載換接器5 之槽7。 在其它具體例及組合中，保存器19及49、導管部20及 50、自動閥21及51、及/或Buchholz繼電器22及52，對 於主槽2及對於有載換接器5之槽7可以是至少部分地共 同。 如圖1及6所示，有載換接器5之槽7包含有上部或頭部 27。此頭部27係環狀的。頭部27在此具有15至25毫米之 間的厚度。以蓋子9關閉頭部27。蓋子9可以包含有鋁及/ 或鋁合金。蓋子9在此具有8至20毫米之間的厚度。導管 50以配置在有載換接器5之蓋子9中的第一孔10,在有載 換接器5之槽7上打開。有載換接器5之頭部27可固定至 變壓器1之主槽2之上壁3。有載換接器5之頭部27之幾 何形狀，使其安裝於一個設置在變壓器1之主槽2之上壁3 中的孔4。頭部27可以被上壁3所支撐。有載換接器5之 頭部27緊緊地固定至變壓器1之上壁3。在另一具體例中， 如圖7所示，有載換接If 5之頭部27可以藉由螺帽29而固 定至變壓器1之上壁3。 有載換接器5之頭部27突出於變壓器1之上壁3上方。 有載換接器5之槽7係設置在上壁3中所配置的孔4中。蓋 101109294 10 201250731 子9係安裝在變壓 分強加於周圍空氣 機構。 -1之上壁上方。有载換接器5之上方部 °有載換接器5包含安裝在槽7中的主要 參考圖1，此種防止裝 含隔離閥25。此… 導S 13。此防止裝置包 此防止裝置包含第一可撓性 裝置包含斷裂元仕” 雜套湾23。此防止 件15。此防止裝置包含第_ 23。此防止裳置 弟-可撓性㈣ 至外側(換句” 3‘下游導管Π。此防止袈置可以從槽7 以二及說’從上游至下游)依序包含該等元件。 以糟7及蓋；0 通過蓋子9中h疋出有載換接器5之腔體6。腔體6在 導管13安裝在蓋子一=上游導管13中係開放的。上游 上游導管…―且與第二孔12緊_目連通。 係在有载換接器5之槽7的下游。 在此係實質上！h … 上游導官13 4直。上游導管13可設有隔㈣25。4有 準工刪，隔賴25係㈣的。隔離闊 帔關門^作期間，特別是’插入上游導管13下游期間， '。隔離閥25可隔離位在隔離閥25下游的諸多元件。 在上游導管13之下游及其延伸部分中， Μ。笙 直弟可撓性 苌同 第一可撓性套筒23係設置在斷裂元件15上斿 第可撓性套筒23通常成形為打褶區段，例如，緻摺狀 第一可撓性套筒23係由一緊密材料及結構所製成。第j 口 撓性套筒23係在設置於上游的上游導管13與設置於下斿、 斷裂元件15之間，被建構成為確保其與外側呈流 ，* 題㈣離。 101109294 11 201250731 第-可挽性套筒23可能會遭遇到顯著的可繞性 第一可撓性套筒23被建構成用 …鏈。 導管與設置於下游的斷在設置於上游的上游 辦軚7L·件15之間的振動。 性套㈣可包括對介電㈣具抗化學腐錄、且^ 特性的材料，例如，聚四氣乙__。 ^有防火 :作中，以介電液41填充上游導管W I㈣23,而與槽7之内側相連通，直到斷裂元件广 在製造需求、可題積、及安裝容易性之功能方面將止。 導管及第-可撓性套筒23安排成為儘可能的短。游 斷裂兀件15係位於第一可撓性套筒23下游。在 中，斷裂如5賴第-可撓性套筒23之下游J在=乍 杰1之標準工作中，即表示，在斷裂元件15完好奸 候’斷裂元件15參與了有載換接器5之内側與外側S時 流體隔離。在有載換接器5之槽7内側過壓的情況下，你的 由於電絕緣破壞所造成者，斷裂元件15會撕裂。避^列如’ 載換接器5之槽7之爆炸。斷裂元件15提供了 了有 4 ΠΧ. '個方 向（在此，為從下游至上游)上之壓力的良好抗性、對在另— 個方向（在此，為從上游至下游)上之壓力的校正過的抗性、 絕佳的不滲透性、及低可能性的滯後爆裂。斷裂元件Μ可 被理解為一個快速的斷裂元件15，因為，在槽7與斷裂元 件15中過壓之發生之間的延遲，大約為數毫秒，且直接連 結至介電液41中的波之傳遞速度。斷裂元件15可以是w〇 ΙΟΙ109294 12 201250731 00/57438中所述之斷裂元件。 第一可挽性套同§史配置在斷裂元件1 $之下游。第二可 撓性套筒23係設置在下游導管17之上游。第二可撓性套筒 23相似於第一可撓性套同23。將第二可繞性套筒23安排成 為可確保外側與設置於上游的斷裂元件15之延伸部分及下 游導管17之間的流體隔離。第二可撓性套筒23係安排成至 少部分地吸收設置於上游的斷裂元件15與下游導管17之間 的振動。 下游導管17係連續地設置在第二可撓性套筒23下游。下 游導管17將介電液41之可能的流動引導至一個適當位 置，例如，收集貯存槽或池。在此，如此處所併入的us 7 317 598所述，下游導管17包含與上游導fn成一直線的第一 垂直區段、料部分’而具有-個連接至收集貯存槽的凹口 的第二區段則緊跟在其後。 此種防止裝置包含有凸緣18。凸緣18在此係安裝在下游 導管Π周圍。凸緣18至少部分地包圍住下游導管Η之一 個區段之外侧。凸緣18係用以作為一個支撐構件3〇之基 部。凸緣1S係連接至支撐構件3〇。支樓構件％與凸緣w 相接觸。凸緣18可包含鍍鋅鋼或不銹鋼。 支撐構件30被壓在變壓器丨之主槽2之上壁3上。支撐 構件30機械地載置了設置在斷裂元件ls下游的下游導管 17。變壓器1之主槽2之上壁3在離開有載換接器5之蓋: 101109294 13 201250731 9 一段距離處，載置著支撐構件30。支撐構件30包含有板 31。支撐構件30包含數個腳部35，在此，為3個腳部35。 支撐構件30可以包含有鋼。 支撐構係30之板31可以是碟形的。板31包含通常呈圓 形的周圍。參考圖2至5,板31包含有凹口 32。凹口 32 從它的周圍33而在板31中形成一個切口。凹口 32至少部 分地容納下游導管17。在安裝狀態中，板31經由下游導管 32及凸緣18，機械地載置了下游導管17。板31可以包含 鋼，例如，不銹鋼304。 每一個腳部35包含有桿39。參考圖9，桿39包含有上方 螺紋部40。腳部35經由上方螺紋部40而被固定至板31。 腳部35可以藉由固定手段而被固定至板31。例如，其固定 手段可以包含上螺帽37及下螺帽38。上方螺紋部40係安 裝在一個穿過板31而設置的孔中。上方螺紋部40從下面至 上面支撐住下螺帽38(此下螺帽38係支撐住板31)、板31、 及上螺帽37(此上螺帽37係相對於腳部35阻擋住板31)。 在此，3個腳部35形成了板31之支撐三角形之頂點。參 考圖2至5，選擇出相對於板31的腳部35之數目及配置。 相對於板31的腳部35的數目及設置之選擇，係依支撐之質 量重分割及其可用的表面而定。該等腳部35可相互等距離 地設置在板31之周圍33附近。如圖所示，腳部35係以使 板31之支撐三角形之質心偏離於凹口 32之方向上的中心之 101109294 14 201250731 方式’固定在板31之周圍33附近。腳部35之數目及分佈 對於其匕系統而言係理想質量重分 割、及在上壁3上的可用 工間之最佳效果。柘l 31可設有大於腳部35之數目的孔。可 將板31標準化。依據適合於變壓器1的構形，在變壓器1 上安裳時’板31可設有某一數目或分佈之腳部35。腳部35 之數目或分佈可能特別地依通過上壁3的可能管子或組件 而定。腳部35可包含有鋼，例如，不銹鋼316。 在安裝狀態中，參考圖1，下游導管17經由凹口 32及凸 緣18而被固定至支撐構件30之板31。在一具體例中，參 考圖3及5’例如，在將下游導管17放置於該凹口 32之後， 個了拆卸的繫鐵(strap)34被安排成封閉住凹口 32。繫鐵 34可以藉由螺絲或螺帽而被固定至設有匹配的孔的支撐構 件30之板31。機械地阻擋住下游導管17相對於板31及可 月b的繫鐵34之垂直移動。換句話說，將下游導管17之重量、 及直接固定至下游導管17的元件之重量，至少部分地傳送 至板31及/或繫鐵34。機械地阻擋住下游導管17相對於板 31及可能的繫鐵34之水平移動。將下游導管17、凸緣丨8、 及支撐'構件30之板1固定在一起。每一個固定手段，在此’ 包括一個螺栓及至少一個螺帽，可以包含防鬆脫手段，例 如’可撓性體環。夾緊值通常易受熱膨脹所造成的振動及移 動的影響。防鬆脫系統可改善此情況。 至少一個腳部35對板31之固定為可調整的。藉由在該等 101109294 15 201250731 腳部35之上方螺紋部40之螺纹上定位上螺冑々及下螺帽 38，選擇出板31之垂直定位。參考圖9，板31係放置在: 螺帽37與下螺帽38之間。相對於可調整的腳部％，上螺 帽37與下螺帽38垂直地阻擋住板31。在安裝狀熊中，板 31實質上呈水平。板31實質上平行於變壓器丨之上壁3。 在女裝操作期間，可藉由調整該至少一個可調整的腳部％ 之高度，而適當地調整支撐構件3〇 ,使支撐構件3〇支撐此 保護裝置之重量。 # 每一個腳部35之下方部分係以變壓器丨之主槽2之上壁 3為基座。將板31及以板31為基座的其它元件的重量經 由該等腳部35而傳送至上壁3。 參考圖2及3，腳部35之下方部分與變壓器1之上壁3 相接觸。腳部35之下方部分可例如經由一個末端件及一個 上壁3的匹配螺絲，而固定至上壁3。腳部35之下方部分 <例如藉由焊接至上壁3，而岐至上壁3。為了要增加固 定之穩疋性，例如藉由加入一個實質上垂直於桿39的支撐 板，腳部35之下方部分可具有比桿39為大的剖面。 參考圖4、5及8，腳部35之下方部分可具有膨脹補償器 36 0 如圖8所示’膨脹補償器36可成形為〇形成（馬蹄形），它 的上方部分與桿39之下端整合成一體。膨脹補償器36係為 多極狀(multipode)。膨脹補償器36在此包含用於支撐的至 101109294 16 201250731 少2個下分離的表面。膨脹補償器％之下方部分可以是足 狀的。膨脹補償器36之足部係偏離於桿％軸線。該等足部 在桿39軸線翻制位在上壁3上的接點。在工作中，以 遵守體積守悝⑽爾e〇崎vatiGn)之方式，膨脹補償器％ 可以具有顯著的垂直變形及相稱的水平變形。換句話說，在 工作膨脹補似％之料之彎曲，可具有膨脹補償器 36之南度變動。 支樓構件30及此種保護裝置之成分及結構，可以是不同 ^在變壓器1之標準工作過程中’它們在熱膨脹方面之特 ^不同的。例如：包含有鋼的支撐構件30及包含有！呂或 ^金的其它鄰近的树(蓋子9、頭部27等)具有不同的熱 =係 ’申請人觀察到，為了要限制機械應力，允 ^胸梅M5及具有下游導㈣的板Μ相對於 之上壁3的垂直位移，係有利的。藉由膨脹補償器 金屬之展祕，使如此位移成為可能。膨脹補償器36包含有 金屬。祕補償H36可包含_織或鋼網。 =…所示’膨脹補償器3"包含上方部分他 ^方部分遍。將桿39及上方部分他固定在一起。上 =和下部則定在-起。上方部分施與下方部分挪 itr直減幼轉動。11⑽«統，餘在下方部 ^3側之上方^卩刀36a之位移變慢。例如，該活塞系統 上方部分他之圓筒狀部分，其係在所配接的下方 «I5分36之膛孔中滑動。 101109294 17 201250731 膨脹補償器36可墟位上 _ 保振動阻尼（vibratory damping)。 如圖7所示’用以妝 將碩部27固定於上壁3的螺帽29，可 用以將支撐構件3〇固〜+ u疋在上壁3上。該等螺帽29可用以固 定住膨脹補償器36。*捧磁从 支撐構件30遠離於蓋子9。以上壁3 取代頭部27或1〇 子9 ’以支撐住支撐構件30之重量。 在維〇操作中’可關閉隔離閥25，停止住電氣變壓器卜 在變壓器1之標準τ μ ^ _ 作中，隔離閥25係打開的，而且，斷 裂元件15係凡好未損的（關閉的）。可撓性套筒μ吸收了電 氣變壓器1之振動’以避免將振動傳送至其它元件，特別是 至斷裂元件15。 在有載換接器5之槽7中之意外情況下，例如，短路，壓 力會突然、地增加。如果達到預定的壓力臨限值，則斷裂元件 15會依據所期望的操作，被動地破裂且強行打開。斷裂元 件15可設計成在例如〇 6至5巴之間的壓力下打開。有载 換接器5之内部壓力通常高於變壓器丨之主槽2之内側壓 力。在斷裂元件15之斷裂期間，依照電力預設，有載換接 器5之槽7之内部壓力快速地下降。其裂口使液體及/或氣 體之喷出物快速地經由打開的斷裂元件15而排空。經由下 游導管17而排空其噴出物。裂口使液體及/或氣體之體積排 空，進而快速地減少槽7之内部壓力。斷裂元件15之斷妒 之偵測，例如藉由變壓器1之供電間隔之觸發（未顯示於圖 中）’促使變壓器1停止。如此可開始修復，特別是，斷穿 101109294 18 201250731 元件15之替換。增加了保持槽7及其它鄰近元件之完整的 可能性。 此種偵測及安全裝置相較於其鄰近的設備係便宜且自主 的、小體積的、無關於在有載換接器之蓋子、且需要較少或 不需要維修。 有載換接器之爆炸防止裝置之組合件需要，變壓器之諸多 元件之一些修改。具體地，構成此種裝置的主要元件係以有 載換接器之蓋子外侧為基礎。避免讓蓋子要適應附加的重 量。例如，沒有必要以較重的鋼蓋來更換鋁蓋。其支撐裝置 可有利於變壓器之主槽之上壁支撐住此防止裝置之重量之 重要部分。使存在於防止裝置之前的有載換接器之蓋子，免 除於各種適應。遠離於蓋子的此種裝置，在需要打開蓋子以 例如在有載換接器内侧工作的維修介入之情況下，限縮了諸 多拆卸操作。 本發明可在現有的變壓器上安裝有載換接器之爆炸防止 裝置，而不需改變該有載換接器之蓋子之機械完整性。本發 明適合於使用共有及標準零件的變壓器之多種現有配置。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係設有防止裝置及支撐構件的變壓器之示意圖。 圖2係支撐構件之立體圖。 圖3係支撐構件之立體圖。 圖4係支撐構件之立體圖。 101109294 19 201250731 圖5係支撐構件之立體圖。 圖6係設有支撐構件的防止裝置之部分詳細示意圖。 圖7係防止裝置之支撐構件之立體圖，其中未完全顯示有 載換接器。 圖8係具有膨脹補償器的腳部之示意圖。 圖9係腳部之可調整的固定位置之部分示意圖。 圖10係膨脹補償器之立體圖。 圖11係膨脹補償器之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 (電氣）變壓器 2 主槽 3 上壁 4 孔 5 有載換接器（on load tap changer，OLTC) 6 (有載換接器）腔體 7 (有載換接器）槽 9 蓋子 10 第一孔 11 介電液 12 第二孔 13 上游導管 15 斷裂元件 101109294 20 201250731 17 下游導管 18 凸緣 19 保存器 20 導管(部） 21 自動閥 22 Buchholz繼電器 23 可撓性套筒 25 隔離閥 27 上部；頭部 29 螺帽 30 支撐構件 31 板 32 凹口 33 (板)周圍 34 繫鐵 35 腳部 36 膨脹補償器 36a 上方部分 36b 下方部分 37 上螺帽 38 下螺帽 39 桿 101109294 21 201250731 40 41 49 50 51 52 (上方）螺紋部 介電液；冷卻液 保存器 導管(部） 自動閥201250731 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to the field of explosion-proof of a load changer of an electric transformer. Due to their structure, the load changer (OLTC) exhibits a small arc during the transition from (9) steps to another step. Typically, the OLTC is at least partially filled with a dielectric fluid such as oil. The oil used will ignite at temperatures above about 140 QC. The arc increases the degradation of the oil inside the OLTC. 〇LTC presents a loss, for which reason it is necessary to dissipate the heat generated. Oil is also used to carry out this heat dissipation work. [Prior Art] Between the phases, or between one phase and ground, the electrical insulation fault first produces a strong t-arc that will actuate the power protection system (circuit breaker) and trigger the supply cell of the transformer. The arc also causes a total dissipation of energy, which is caused by the decomposition of the dielectric oil (especially hydrogen and acetylene). After the gas is released, the pressure inside the OLTC tank increases very rapidly, often resulting in very severe knocking. The deflagration causes a significant tearing of the mechanical connection (screws, welds) of the tank, causing the gases to contact the oxygen in the surrounding air. Because B will spontaneously ignite in the presence of oxygen, the fire talks out immediately and spreads to other parts of the equipment that may also contain large amounts of combustible materials. Explosion caused by insulation breakage due to short circuit caused by overload, voltage surge, gradual deterioration of insulation, insufficient oil level, presence of water or bacteria, or failure of insulation components. 101109294 3 201250731 In the prior art towel 'fire alarm indication to test the electrical transformer _ the fire extinguishing system, first" and w change pressure oil has been burned, the operation of these systems will be significantly behind. Only fire (10) is issued to a device that does not divert the reading to the facility. Since the late 1920s, there has been known a crack that prevents explosion and ignition of electric ink changers and load changers. The present invention improves this situation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An explosion preventing device for a load changer of an electric transformer includes a groove and a cover. There is a dielectric fluid in the far groove 4 nano. Such a prevention device comprises a breaking element (four) _ el_nt). The breaking device is placed against the groove tightly. The fracture element is at break. Including the tear zone and the discount zone. When the internal pressure of the tank exceeds a predetermined critical value, the fracture f will rupture. The device comprises at least one support member of the fracture 4. The support member cuts the conduit downstream of the fracture element ((4). The support member is remote from the cover. The conduit is located downstream of the fracture element and is connected to the groove. I. The load supported by the cover of the loaded adapter. A replaceable sleeve can be installed between the fracture element and the downstream conduit. The fracture element and the load change $ are at least partially mechanically and downstream. The venting tube is isolated. The flexible n-sleeve can be in the (4) element and the sulphide 1 located downstream of the severing element and communicate with the groove. The rupture element and the loaded adapter are at least partially 101109294 4 201250731 The flexible sleeve can absorb the vibration of the transformer and the loaded adapter. The support member can include a plate. The plate can be provided with a notch (n0tch), whereby the downstream conduit can pass. This prevents the load repartition of the device. This plate can be adapted to a variety of configurations of existing transformers. The plate can include a circumference that is generally shaped as a circle, which can be adjusted into a variety of configurations and limits stress concentration. . Such a device may include a flange that is secured to the plate and that holds the downstream conduit into the recess. This flange improves the position of the downstream conduit relative to the support member and accurately into the recess. The downstream conduit may include a a flange for securing the support member. The flange is used as a cushioning member between the downstream conduit and the support member. The flange at least partially absorbs friction and/or vibration during operation. The support member may comprise a plurality of The plate is supported by the foot. The plate is adjustable by the foot. These can make the position of the support member suitable for various configurations of the transformer. At least one foot can be combined with an expansion compensator (dUatati The components of the preventing device can be composed of a plurality of materials, and therefore, the expansion ratios are different. The expansion compensators can absorb the relative displacement of many components of the device. At least one foot can have t A set length. The board orientation and support member orientation can be functionally adapted to transformers, load changers, and preventive devices. 101109294 5 201250 731. The % swell detector can have a damping function (damping functi〇n). This device can have thermal expansion and mechanical vibration. The components that absorb the two phenomena are cost-effective. The expansion compensator contains metal. Risk. The sweller can include steel wool (steel w〇〇l). The expansion compensator is secured by structure or design rather than material. The fire protection properties of these materials are good. An isolation valve downstream of the fracture element. 'Isolation of the inside of the loaded adapter during maintenance operations on the fracture element or other components downstream thereof. The load changer may include a head that supports the cover. This head can be secured to the wall of the transformer with a nut. At least one of the nuts may also hold the support member. At least one of the nuts also holds the expansion compensator. The loaded adapter slot can be remote from the main slot of the transformer. Reduce the risk of chain reactions in a fire situation. The invention will be more clearly understood from the detailed description of the specific embodiments which are considered to [Embodiment] While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, the embodiments are shown by way of example, and the specific embodiments are described in detail herein. It should be understood, however, that the drawings are not intended to be in the Modifications, equivalents and alternatives. It should be understood that the energy conversion mode of the transformer is represented by the words "normal" or "conventional operation". It must be understood that the words "upstream" and "downstream" indicate the direction of oil displacement from the groove to the outside. A prior art load changer prevention device involves the installation of a number of components in the vicinity of the loaded changer and in the immediate vicinity of the cover of the loaded changer. The load changer cover that must support the weight of the device components must be designed to mechanically resist additional weight. Mounting behind the prevention device on existing electrical transformers involves replacing the cover of the loaded adapter with a new, well-adapted cover. The replacement of the on-load adapter cover adds cost. Replacing the cover with a new cover may involve a new recognition of the _ safety standard. During the maintenance operation, if the cover of the loaded adapter must be opened, the disassembly of the prevention device may take a considerable amount of time. In its exploration Gu Shi f people bribe: the pressure H (four) is usually harder than the cover of the loaded adapter. The main groove usually has a stronger strength than the one that prevents the additional stomach 1 from being placed. _ Please try to make the support surface of this anti-tanning device to be transferred to the bombing station (4) in the original position to become a wall. The load on the wall of the (four) pressure tank is prevented from being placed to prevent the weight from being placed, so that the cover of the load-changing n is protected from the additional weight. The load-changing-same cover is retained during the pre-existing load changer on the pre-existing load changer. Load change 5! 丨; ^ 1 . The "child" can be designed to seal the load-changing 101109294 201250731 slot. The electrical transformer 1 comprises: a main slot 2, and at least one upper wall 3, with reference to Figure 1. The upper wall 3 can have a cover covering the main slot 2. Form: The upper wall 3 may comprise steel. The main slot 2 of the transformer is fluidly connected to a conservator 19. The holder 19 is placed at a height higher than the main slot 2 of the transformer! The tank 2 is filled with a dielectric fluid u. The reservoir 19 is at least partially filled with a dielectric fluid u. The conduit 2 is in fluid communication with the reservoir d and the main tank 2. Since it is in fluid communication with the reservoir 19, the main The height of the dielectric liquid U in the tank 2 is substantially maintained constant. The volume of the dielectric liquid u can be changed by the heat % expansion (container and contents). The holder 19 can accommodate the height variation of the dielectric liquid 11 instead of The main tank 2. The holder 19 corrects the volume change caused by the expansion of the dielectric liquid 11. The transformer 1 is provided with one or more load changers 5 (0LTC). The load changer 5 is used as the transformer 1 and the power network. The interface between the grids, which is connected to the power grid to provide a fixed voltage, Depending on the power exchange with the grid, the load changer 5 is located in the main slot 2 of the transformer 。. The load changer 5 inserted from the upper wall 3 can be immersed in the main slot 2 of the transformer 丨The dielectric material contained therein contains the carrier 7. The carrier 7 is at least partially filled with a dielectric fluid 41. The main characteristic of the dielectric fluid 41 is insulating. In fact, The load changer 5 is often subjected to an electric arc and is only subjected to a moderate increase in heat. However, it is cooled by the combustible 101109294 8 201250731 dielectric liquid 41 which is the same as the dielectric liquid u contained in the main tank 2 of the transformer 1. Load adapter 5. Due to the high mechanical resistance of the load changer's explosion is often very violent, the mound with burning dielectric fluid 41 is out of the slot of the load changer 5 is connected to the storage The storage benefit 49 is at least partially filled with a combustion dielectric fluid 4 to ensure a fluid connection between the reservoir 49 and the tank 7 of the load changer. The storage number 49 is set at a specific load. The connector 5 is at a high height. Since it is =2 with the holder 49, the dielectric liquid 41 in the groove 7 is highly solid. The quality of the solid 2 = expanded wire (four) and inclusions, the dielectric fluid 41 is easy to change volume. 9 The height of the dielectric fluid is changed, replacing the groove 7. The retainer 49 can be caused by the expansion of the whole body. The electro-hydraulic 41 is changed, and the motor 5 can be equipped with an automatic valve 51 to close the duct 5G with significant movement of the dielectric fluid 41. The _7, = shift of the loaded changer 5 is added. The start of the flow of the dielectric fluid 41 is stopped by the gate of the automatic valve 51. The closing of the holder 49 is avoided, and the "electro-liquid 41 is fresh in the automatic compartment 51. 52 ^ θ guide 50 _ install Buchholz follow ^ 5 wide", or during the filling of the slot of the load changer 5, (4): the automatic valve 51 is autonomous. Automatic...heart ^ 7 T • Set. From the time of the sale, the same can be said, the connection saver] 9 and the main groove 2 of the conduit 2 〇 " ^ also has an automatic valve 21 and / or Buchh〇lz relay 22. 101109294 201250731 According to the specific example shown in Fig. 1, the holders 19 and 49, the conduits 20 and 50, the automatic valves 21 and 51, and the Buchholz relays 22 and 52 are separated from the main slot 2 in some portions, and in other portions. The aspect is spaced apart from the slot 7 of the load changer 5. In other specific examples and combinations, the reservoirs 19 and 49, the conduit portions 20 and 50, the automatic valves 21 and 51, and/or the Buchholz relays 22 and 52, for the main slot 2 and the slot 7 for the loaded adapter 5 It can be at least partially common. As shown in Figures 1 and 6, the slot 7 of the load changer 5 includes an upper portion or head portion 27. This head 27 is annular. The head 27 here has a thickness of between 15 and 25 mm. The head 27 is closed with a cover 9. The cover 9 may comprise aluminum and/or an aluminum alloy. The cover 9 here has a thickness of between 8 and 20 mm. The conduit 50 is opened in the slot 7 of the loaded adapter 5 with a first aperture 10 disposed in the cover 9 of the loaded adapter 5. The head 27 of the load changer 5 can be fixed to the upper wall 3 of the main slot 2 of the transformer 1. The geometry of the head 27 of the loaded adapter 5 is mounted to a hole 4 provided in the upper wall 3 of the main slot 2 of the transformer 1. The head 27 can be supported by the upper wall 3. The head 27 of the load changer 5 is tightly fixed to the upper wall 3 of the transformer 1. In another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, the head 27 of the load-changing If 5 can be fixed to the upper wall 3 of the transformer 1 by a nut 29. The head 27 of the load changer 5 protrudes above the upper wall 3 of the transformer 1. The groove 7 of the loaded changer 5 is disposed in the hole 4 disposed in the upper wall 3. Cover 101109294 10 201250731 Sub 9 series is installed in the variable pressure and added to the surrounding air mechanism. -1 above the upper wall. Upper portion of the load changer 5 The load changer 5 includes a main reference Fig. 1 mounted in the slot 7, which prevents the isolation valve 25 from being mounted. This... Guide S 13. The preventing device comprises the first flexible device comprising the first flexible device. The preventing member 15 is provided. The preventing device comprises the -23. This prevents the skirt from being flexible (4) to the outside ( In other words, the 3' downstream conduit Π can prevent the device from containing the components sequentially from the slot 7 and the second to the downstream. With the gap 7 and the cover; 0, the cavity 6 of the loaded changer 5 is pulled out through the cover 9. The cavity 6 is open in the conduit 13 mounted in the cover 1 = upstream conduit 13. The upstream upstream conduit... is in close communication with the second aperture 12. It is downstream of the slot 7 of the load changer 5. In this case, it is essential! h ... upstream guide 13 4 straight. The upstream conduit 13 can be provided with a partition (four) 25. 4 has a quasi-worker deletion, separated by 25 series (four). Isolation is wide during the closing period, especially during the period of 'insertion of the upstream conduit 13'. The isolation valve 25 isolates a plurality of components located downstream of the isolation valve 25. In the downstream of the upstream conduit 13 and its extension, helium. The first flexible sleeve 23 is disposed on the fracture element 15 and the first flexible sleeve 23 is generally formed as a pleated section, for example, a first flexible sleeve The barrel 23 is made of a compact material and structure. The j-th flexible sleeve 23 is disposed between the upstream duct 13 disposed upstream and the yoke and the rupture member 15, and is constructed to ensure that it flows to the outside, and the problem is (4). 101109294 11 201250731 The first flexible sleeve 23 may experience significant resilience. The first flexible sleeve 23 is constructed as a chain. The duct is vibrated between the duct and the upstream unit 7L·piece 15 disposed downstream. The sleeve (4) may include a material that is resistant to chemical corrosion and has a characteristic of the dielectric (4), for example, polytetrazine __. ^ Fire prevention: In the middle, the upstream conduit W I (four) 23 is filled with the dielectric fluid 41, and communicates with the inner side of the groove 7, until the fracture element is widely used in terms of manufacturing requirements, inconvenient, and ease of installation. The catheter and the first flexible sleeve 23 are arranged to be as short as possible. The travel fracture element 15 is located downstream of the first flexible sleeve 23. In the standard operation of the fracture, such as the lower side of the 5th flexible sleeve 23, in the standard work of the 乍杰1, it means that the fracture element 15 is in good condition, and the fracture element 15 participates in the load changer 5 The inside is fluidly isolated from the outside S. In the case where the inside of the groove 7 of the load changer 5 is over-pressed, the fracture element 15 may tear due to damage caused by electrical insulation. Avoid the explosion of the slot 7 such as the load adapter 5. The fracture element 15 provides good resistance to pressures in the four directions (here, from downstream to upstream), and pressure on the other direction (here, from upstream to downstream). Corrected resistance, excellent impermeability, and low probability of delayed burst. The breaking element Μ can be understood as a fast breaking element 15 because the delay between the occurrence of overpressure in the groove 7 and the breaking element 15 is approximately several milliseconds and is directly coupled to the transmission of waves in the dielectric fluid 41. speed. The breaking element 15 can be a breaking element as described in WO ΙΟΙ 109294 12 201250731 00/57438. The first pullable set is configured to be downstream of the fracture element 1 $. The second flexible sleeve 23 is disposed upstream of the downstream conduit 17. The second flexible sleeve 23 is similar to the first flexible sleeve 23. The second windable sleeve 23 is arranged to ensure fluid isolation between the outer side and the extended portion of the fracture element 15 disposed upstream and the downstream conduit 17. The second flexible sleeve 23 is arranged to at least partially absorb the vibration between the breaking element 15 disposed upstream and the downstream conduit 17. The downstream conduit 17 is continuously disposed downstream of the second flexible sleeve 23. The downstream conduit 17 directs the possible flow of the dielectric fluid 41 to a suitable location, such as a collection reservoir or tank. Here, as described in US Pat. No. 7,317,598, the downstream conduit 17 comprises a first vertical section in line with the upstream guide fn, a material portion 'with a second recess connected to the collection reservoir The section is immediately followed. This prevention device comprises a flange 18. The flange 18 is here mounted around the downstream conduit bore. The flange 18 at least partially surrounds the outer side of one of the sections of the downstream conduit. The flange 18 is used as a base for a support member 3''. The flange 1S is connected to the support member 3〇. The branch member % is in contact with the flange w. The flange 18 can comprise galvanized steel or stainless steel. The support member 30 is pressed against the upper wall 3 of the main groove 2 of the transformer. The support member 30 mechanically mounts a downstream duct 17 disposed downstream of the breaking element ls. The upper wall 3 of the main tank 2 of the transformer 1 is placed away from the cover of the loaded changer 5: 101109294 13 201250731 9 At a distance, the support member 30 is placed. The support member 30 includes a plate 31. The support member 30 includes a plurality of legs 35, here three leg portions 35. The support member 30 may contain steel. The plate 31 of the support structure 30 can be dished. Plate 31 contains a generally circular perimeter. Referring to Figures 2 through 5, the plate 31 includes a recess 32. The recess 32 forms a slit in the plate 31 from its periphery 33. The recess 32 at least partially houses the downstream conduit 17. In the mounted state, the plate 31 mechanically carries the downstream conduit 17 via the downstream conduit 32 and the flange 18. Plate 31 may comprise steel, such as stainless steel 304. Each of the feet 35 includes a rod 39. Referring to Figure 9, the rod 39 includes an upper threaded portion 40. The leg portion 35 is fixed to the plate 31 via the upper threaded portion 40. The leg portion 35 can be fixed to the plate 31 by a fixing means. For example, the fixing means may include an upper nut 37 and a lower nut 38. The upper threaded portion 40 is mounted in a hole provided through the plate 31. The upper threaded portion 40 supports the lower nut 38 (the lower nut 38 supports the plate 31), the plate 31, and the upper nut 37 from below to above (the upper nut 37 blocks the plate relative to the foot 35) 31). Here, the three leg portions 35 form the apex of the support triangle of the plate 31. Referring to Figures 2 through 5, the number and configuration of the legs 35 relative to the plate 31 are selected. The choice of the number and arrangement of the legs 35 relative to the plate 31 depends on the quality of the support being re-segmented and the surface available. The legs 35 are disposed equidistant from each other near the periphery 33 of the panel 31. As shown, the leg portion 35 is fixed in the vicinity of the periphery 33 of the plate 31 in such a manner that the center of the support triangle of the plate 31 deviates from the center of the notch 32 in the manner of 101109294 14 201250731. The number and distribution of the feet 35 is the best effect of the ideal mass re-segmentation and available work on the upper wall 3 for the helium system. The 柘l 31 may be provided with holes larger than the number of the legs 35. The board 31 can be standardized. Depending on the configuration suitable for the transformer 1, the plate 31 can be provided with a certain number or distribution of legs 35 when it is mounted on the transformer 1. The number or distribution of the feet 35 may depend in particular on the possible tubes or components passing through the upper wall 3. The foot 35 can comprise steel, such as stainless steel 316. In the mounted state, referring to Figure 1, the downstream conduit 17 is secured to the plate 31 of the support member 30 via the recess 32 and the flange 18. In one embodiment, referring to Figures 3 and 5', for example, after the downstream conduit 17 is placed in the recess 32, a disassembled strap 34 is arranged to close the recess 32. The tie iron 34 can be secured to the plate 31 of the support member 30 provided with matching holes by screws or nuts. The vertical movement of the downstream conduit 17 relative to the plate 31 and the tie iron 34 of the month b is mechanically blocked. In other words, the weight of the downstream conduit 17 and the weight of the components directly secured to the downstream conduit 17 are at least partially transferred to the plate 31 and/or the tie iron 34. The horizontal movement of the downstream conduit 17 relative to the plate 31 and possibly the tie iron 34 is mechanically blocked. The downstream duct 17, the flange 丨 8, and the plate 1 supporting the 'member 30 are fixed together. Each of the securing means, including a bolt and at least one nut, may include a means of release, such as a flexible body loop. Clamping values are often susceptible to vibration and movement caused by thermal expansion. The anti-loose system can improve this situation. The fixing of the at least one leg 35 to the plate 31 is adjustable. The vertical positioning of the plate 31 is selected by positioning the upper and lower nuts 38 on the threads of the upper threaded portion 40 of the foot portion 35 of the 101109294 15 201250731. Referring to Figure 9, the plate 31 is placed between: a nut 37 and a lower nut 38. The upper nut 37 and the lower nut 38 vertically block the plate 31 with respect to the adjustable foot %. In the installation bear, the plate 31 is substantially horizontal. The plate 31 is substantially parallel to the upper wall 3 of the transformer weir. During the operation of the women's wear, the support member 3〇 can be appropriately adjusted by adjusting the height of the at least one adjustable foot % so that the support member 3 supports the weight of the protection device. # The lower part of each leg 35 is the base of the upper wall 3 of the main groove 2 of the transformer 。. The weight of the plate 31 and other elements having the plate 31 as a base is transmitted to the upper wall 3 via the leg portions 35. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the lower portion of the leg portion 35 is in contact with the upper wall 3 of the transformer 1. The lower portion of the leg portion 35 can be fixed to the upper wall 3, for example, via a matching piece of an end piece and an upper wall 3. The lower portion of the leg portion 35 is slid to the upper wall 3 by, for example, welding to the upper wall 3. In order to increase the stability of the fixation, for example by adding a support plate substantially perpendicular to the rod 39, the lower portion of the foot portion 35 may have a larger cross section than the rod 39. Referring to Figures 4, 5 and 8, the lower portion of the foot portion 35 can have an expansion compensator 36 0. As shown in Figure 8, the 'expansion compensator 36 can be formed into a meandering (horseshoe shape) with its upper portion integrated with the lower end of the rod 39. In one. The expansion compensator 36 is a multipode. The expansion compensator 36 here comprises a surface for support to 101109294 16 201250731 with 2 lower separations. The lower portion of the expansion compensator % can be footed. The foot of the expansion compensator 36 is offset from the rod % axis. The feet pivot over the axis of the rod 39 to the joint on the upper wall 3. In the work, the expansion compensator % can have significant vertical deformation and commensurate horizontal deformation in a manner that obeys the volume guard (10) e〇崎 vatiGn). In other words, the bending of the material in the expansion of the working expansion may have a southerly variation of the expansion compensator 36. The components and structures of the slab members 30 and such protective devices may be different. They are different in thermal expansion during standard operation of the transformer 1. For example: support member 30 containing steel and included! Other adjacent trees of Lv or ^金 (cover 9, head 27, etc.) have different heat = system' Applicants observed that in order to limit the mechanical stress, it is relatively relative to the plate M5 and the plate with the downstream guide (4). The vertical displacement of the upper wall 3 is advantageous. This displacement is made possible by the expansion of the compensator metal. The expansion compensator 36 contains metal. The secret compensation H36 can include a woven or stencil. =... The 'expansion compensator 3' contains the upper part of the square. The rod 39 and the upper portion are fixed together. The upper = and lower parts are set at - up. The upper part is applied to the lower part to move itr straight to reduce the young rotation. 11(10)«, the rest is on the lower part of the ^3 side. The displacement of the file 36a is slower. For example, the cylindrical portion of the upper portion of the piston system is slid over the mated lower hole «I5 minutes 36. 101109294 17 201250731 The expansion compensator 36 can be used to maintain vibratory damping. As shown in Fig. 7, the nut 29 for fixing the base 27 to the upper wall 3 can be used to clamp the support member 3 to the upper wall 3. These nuts 29 can be used to secure the expansion compensator 36. * Holding the magnet away from the support member 30 away from the cover 9. The upper wall 3 replaces the head 27 or the 1 9 9 ′ to support the weight of the support member 30. In the maintenance operation, the isolation valve 25 can be closed and the electrical transformer can be stopped. In the standard τ μ ^ _ of the transformer 1, the isolation valve 25 is opened, and the fracture element 15 is unbroken (closed). ). The flexible sleeve μ absorbs the vibration of the electrical transformer 1 to avoid transmitting vibrations to other components, particularly to the fracture element 15. In the event of an accident in the slot 7 of the load changer 5, for example, a short circuit, the pressure suddenly and increases. If a predetermined pressure threshold is reached, the fracture element 15 will passively rupture and force open depending on the desired operation. The breaking element 15 can be designed to open at a pressure of, for example, between 6 and 5 bar. The internal pressure of the load changer 5 is usually higher than the inner pressure of the main groove 2 of the transformer 丨. During the breakage of the breaking element 15, the internal pressure of the groove 7 of the loaded changer 5 is rapidly lowered in accordance with the power preset. Its split allows the liquid and/or gas ejected material to be quickly emptied via the open breaking element 15. The effluent is evacuated via the downstream conduit 17. The slit empties the volume of the liquid and/or gas, thereby rapidly reducing the internal pressure of the tank 7. The detection of the breakage of the breaking element 15, for example by the triggering of the power supply interval of the transformer 1 (not shown), causes the transformer 1 to stop. This can be repaired, in particular, broken through 101109294 18 201250731 Replacement of component 15. The possibility of maintaining the integrity of the slot 7 and other adjacent components is increased. Such detection and security devices are inexpensive and autonomous, small in volume, irrelevant to the cover of the load changer, and require less or no maintenance. The assembly of the explosion prevention device for the load changer requires some modifications of the various components of the transformer. Specifically, the main components constituting such a device are based on the outside of the cover of the loaded changer. Avoid having the lid fit the added weight. For example, it is not necessary to replace the aluminum cover with a heavier steel cover. The support means facilitates the support of the upper portion of the main slot of the transformer to support a significant portion of the weight of the device. The cover of the loaded changer that exists before the prevention device is dispensed with various adaptations. Such a device remote from the cover limits the various disassembly operations in the event that a lid needs to be opened to service, for example, inside the loaded adapter. The present invention can be installed with an explosion preventing device for a load changer on an existing transformer without changing the mechanical integrity of the cover of the loaded changer. The present invention is suitable for a variety of existing configurations of transformers using common and standard parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a transformer provided with a preventing device and a supporting member. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the support member. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the support member. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the support member. 101109294 19 201250731 Figure 5 is a perspective view of a support member. Figure 6 is a partial detailed schematic view of a prevention device provided with a support member. Figure 7 is a perspective view of the support member of the prevention device, in which the load changer is not fully shown. Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a foot with an expansion compensator. Figure 9 is a partial schematic view of an adjustable fixed position of the foot. Figure 10 is a perspective view of the expansion compensator. Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of an expansion compensator. [Main component symbol description] 1 (Electrical) transformer 2 Main slot 3 Upper wall 4 hole 5 On load tap changer (OLTC) 6 (Load changer) cavity 7 (Load changer ) slot 9 cover 10 first hole 11 dielectric fluid 12 second hole 13 upstream conduit 15 breaking element 101109294 20 201250731 17 downstream conduit 18 flange 19 retainer 20 conduit (portion) 21 automatic valve 22 Buchholz relay 23 flexible sleeve Cartridge 25 Isolation valve 27 upper; head 29 nut 30 support member 31 plate 32 recess 33 (plate) around 34 tie iron 35 foot 36 expansion compensator 36a upper portion 36b lower portion 37 upper nut 38 lower nut 39 Rod 101109294 21 201250731 40 41 49 50 51 52 (top) threaded dielectric fluid; coolant retainer conduit (portion) automatic valve
Buchholz繼電器 101109294 22Buchholz relay 101109294 22