TW201345877A - 新穎之聯三伸苯衍生物及使用該衍生物的有機電致發光元件 - Google Patents
新穎之聯三伸苯衍生物及使用該衍生物的有機電致發光元件 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201345877A TW201345877A TW102112352A TW102112352A TW201345877A TW 201345877 A TW201345877 A TW 201345877A TW 102112352 A TW102112352 A TW 102112352A TW 102112352 A TW102112352 A TW 102112352A TW 201345877 A TW201345877 A TW 201345877A
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- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- MPMKMQHJHDHPBE-RUZDIDTESA-N 4-[[(2r)-1-(1-benzothiophene-3-carbonyl)-2-methylazetidine-2-carbonyl]-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]amino]butanoic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@]1(N(CC1)C(=O)C=1C2=CC=CC=C2SC=1)C)N(CCCC(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 MPMKMQHJHDHPBE-RUZDIDTESA-N 0.000 description 3
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- ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N (1r,2r,4r)-2-(4-bromophenyl)-n-[(4-chlorophenyl)-(2-fluoropyridin-4-yl)methyl]-4-morpholin-4-ylcyclohexane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=NC(F)=CC(C(NC(=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](C[C@@H](CC2)N2CCOCC2)C=2C=CC(Br)=CC=2)C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1 ABJSOROVZZKJGI-OCYUSGCXSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C12=CC=CN=C2C2=NC=CC=C2C2=C1NC(C=1C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC=1)=N2 NSMJMUQZRGZMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000837344 Homo sapiens T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 102100028692 T-cell leukemia translocation-altered gene protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline Chemical compound C=12C=CC3=C(C=4C=CC=CC=4)C=C(C)N=C3C2=NC(C)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 STTGYIUESPWXOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-7-(diethylamino)chromen-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(C3=CC4=CC=C(C=C4OC3=O)N(CC)CC)=NC2=C1 GOLORTLGFDVFDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-n-[4-[4-(n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 OGGKVJMNFFSDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QKWORTBZGYIMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-(2-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 QKWORTBZGYIMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOUNKDBOYUMWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-[2-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)-2-adamantyl]phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 FOUNKDBOYUMWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTCLSJGCRPXRKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-[9-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)-10H-anthracen-9-yl]phenyl]carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3N(C1=2)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C1(C2=CC=CC=C2CC=2C=CC=CC1=2)C1=CC=C(C=C1)N1C2=CC=CC=C2C=2C=CC=CC1=2 JTCLSJGCRPXRKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006069 Suzuki reaction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSWAMBBAEMLQPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al+3].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=CC=C1)O Chemical compound [Al+3].C1(=CC=CC=C1)C1=C(C=CC=C1)O MSWAMBBAEMLQPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003670 adamantan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C(C2([H])[H])([H])C([H])([H])C3([H])C([*])([H])C1([H])C([H])([H])C2([H])C3([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001562 benzopyrans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003113 cycloheptyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002933 cyclohexyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004410 cyclooctyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001887 cyclopentyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004988 dibenzothienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]aniline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILCQYORZHHFLNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-bromoaniline Chemical compound BrNC1=CC=CC=C1 ILCQYORZHHFLNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005186 naphthyloxy group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)O* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001792 phenanthrenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SGDMQXAOPGGMAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SGDMQXAOPGGMAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004309 pyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical class [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIHDTGHDWPVSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Ru].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VIHDTGHDWPVSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003967 siloles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SYXYWTXQFUUWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;butan-1-olate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC[O-] SYXYWTXQFUUWLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007979 thiazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DETFWTCLAIIJRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl-(4-triphenylsilylphenyl)silane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[Si](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DETFWTCLAIIJRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/43—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
- C07C211/57—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton
- C07C211/61—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of condensed ring systems of the carbon skeleton with at least one of the condensed ring systems formed by three or more rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/08—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/94—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
- C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D221/04—Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems
- C07D221/06—Ring systems of three rings
- C07D221/08—Aza-anthracenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D279/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D279/10—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines
- C07D279/14—1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D279/18—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings
- C07D279/22—[b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/91—Dibenzofurans; Hydrogenated dibenzofurans
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/80—Dibenzopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzopyrans
- C07D311/82—Xanthenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
- C07D333/26—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D333/30—Hetero atoms other than halogen
- C07D333/36—Nitrogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/52—Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes
- C07D333/54—Benzo[b]thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo[b]thiophenes with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/76—Dibenzothiophenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Abstract
本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物係以下列通式(1)表示;□式中,Ar1以及Ar2為芳香族基。此化合物具有於聯三伸苯環導入了芳香族三級胺之結構,相關於如此的結構,具有(A)電洞之注入特性佳、(B)電洞之移動度大、(C)電子阻擋能力優異、(D)薄膜狀態係穩定以及(E)耐熱性優異之類的特性,做為使用於有機EL元件之電洞傳輸性物質係為有用。
Description
本發明係關於對於適用於各種顯示裝置為理想之係自發光元件的有機電致發光元件之新穎化合物(聯三伸苯衍生物)以及具備有含該化合物之有機層的有機電致發光元件。
由於有機電致發光元件(以下也會稱呼為有機EL元件)係自發光性元件,相較於液晶元件較明亮明且視讀性優異,可實現鮮明的顯示,因此已積極地進行研究開發。
在1987年,伊士曼‧柯達公司之C.W.Tang等人藉由開發將各種角色分派到各材料之疊層結構元件,而使得使用有機材料之有機EL元件具有實務應用性。該等係藉由將可傳輸電子之螢光體與可傳輸電洞之芳香族胺化合物加以疊層所構成,並將兩者之電荷注入於螢光體之層中使其發光,而可在10 V以下之電壓而獲得1000 cd/m2以上之高亮度。
直到目前為止,對於有機電致發光元件的實用化已作許多改良。例如,已知有將各種角色進一步加以細分化,在基板上將陽極、電洞注入層、電洞傳輸層、發光層、電子傳輸層、電子注入層、陰極依序設置而成之結構的元件,如此的元件可達成高效率與耐久性。
又為了使發光效率更為提高,已有人嘗試利用三重態激子,也探討磷光發光體的利用。
發光層一般而言也可在稱為主體材料的電荷傳輸性的化合物中,摻雜螢光體或磷光發光體而製作。有機EL元件中形成各層之有機材料的選擇,會對於該元件的效率或耐久性等各特性造成重大影響。
有機EL元件中,從兩電極注入的電荷會於發光層再結合而獲得發光,但是電洞、電子的兩電荷如何能以良好效率接送到發光層係屬重要。例如,藉由提高電洞注入性且提高阻擋從陰極注入之電子的電子阻擋性,能提高電洞與電子再結合的機率,而且藉由關住在發光層內生成的激子,能獲得高發光效率。因此,電洞傳輸材料發揮的作用係屬重要,正尋求電洞注入性高、電洞移動度大、電子阻擋性高、而且對於電子之耐久性高的電洞傳輸材料。
又,關於元件壽命,材料的耐熱性或非晶質性亦為重要。耐熱性低的材料,會由於元件驅動時產生的熱,造成即使於低的溫度也發生熱分解而材料劣化。非晶質性低的材料,即使在短時間也會發生薄膜結晶化,造成元件劣化。故使用的材料要求耐熱性高,而且非晶質性良好的性質。
做為使用於有機EL元件的電洞傳輸材料,已知有N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(α-萘基)聯苯胺(以下簡稱為NPD)或各種芳香族胺衍生物(例如參照專利文獻1及專利文獻2)。
NPD雖然具有良好的電洞傳輸能力,但是成為耐熱性指標的玻璃轉移點(Tg)低,為96℃,於高溫條件下會由於結晶化造成元件特性降低。又,於專利文獻1或專利文獻2記載之芳香族胺衍生物之中,有具電洞移動度為10-3cm2/Vs以上的優異移動度者,但是由於電子阻擋性不足,部分電子會穿出發光層,無法期待發光效率的提高等,需要更進一步的高效率化,所以需要電子阻擋性更高,薄膜更安定且耐熱性高的材料。
就改良了耐熱性或電洞注入性等特性的化合物而言,在專利文獻3及4已有人提出以下列式表示之具有取代聯三伸苯結構的芳基胺化合物A及B。
然而,將此等化合物使用於電洞注入層或電洞傳輸層而成的元件,雖然耐熱性或發光效率等有所改良,但仍無法稱得上完美,而且低驅動電壓化或電流效率也稱不上完美,非晶質性方面也有問題。所以,正尋求可提高非晶質性、且更加低驅動電壓化、更加高發光效率化之化合物。
【專利文獻1】日本特開平8-48656號公報
【專利文獻2】日本專利第3194657號公報
【專利文獻3】WO2010/002850號公報
【專利文獻4】WO2011/081423號公報
本案發明人等為了達成上述之目的,著眼於芳香族三級胺結構具有高電洞注入、傳輸能力及聯三伸苯環結構耐熱性或薄膜穩定性良好,設計各種具有聯三伸苯環結構之化合物並化學合成,且使用該化合物試作各種有機電致發光元件,努力進行元件之特性評價後的結果,確認獲得高效率以及優異耐久性,以至完成本發明。
根據本發明,可提供一種聯三伸苯衍生物,係以下列通式(1)表示:
式中,p以及q各自表示0或是1至4之整數;s表示0或是1至3之整數;Ar1以及Ar2各自表示芳香族烴基或是芳香族雜環基,但Ar1與Ar2亦可藉由單鍵、亦可具有取代基之亞甲基、氧原子或是硫原子互相鍵結形成環;R1、R2以及R3各自表示氘原子、氟原子、氯原子、氰基、硝基、碳原子數1至6之烷基、碳原子數5至10之環烷基、碳原子數2至6之烯基、碳原子數1至6之烷氧基、碳原子數5至10之環烷氧基、芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或是芳氧基。
根據本發明,又可提供一種有機電致發光元件,其係具有一對電極與夾於其之間之至少一層之有機層,該有機層之至少一層含有該聯三伸苯衍生物。
本發明之有機EL元件,做為該含有聯三伸苯衍生物之有機層,具有例如電洞傳輸層、電子阻擋層、電洞注入層或者發光層。
以前述通式(1)表示之本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,係為新穎化合物且具有於聯三伸苯環導入了芳香族三級胺基(二取代芳香族胺基)之結構,相關於如此之結構,具有如下之特性。
(A)電洞之注入特性佳。
(B)電洞之移動度大。
(C)電子阻擋能力優異。
(D)薄膜狀態為穩定(表示優異的非晶質性)。
(E)耐熱性優異。
因此,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,做為使用於有機EL元件之電洞傳輸性物質係為有用,且由於薄膜狀態為穩定,可特別做為設置於有機EL元件之有機層而利用,而且可賦予有機EL元件如下之特性。
(F)發光效率或電力效率高。
(G)發光起始電壓低。
(H)實用驅動電壓低。
(I)元件壽命長(表示高耐久性)。
例如,使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物形成電洞注入層以及/或電洞傳輸層之有機EL元件,由於電洞之注入‧移動速度快速、電子阻擋性高、而且對電子之穩定性高,可關住在發光層內生成之激子,進一步提升電洞與電子再結合之機率,呈現高發光效率。又,驅動電壓降低,亦可實現耐久性的提升。
又,具有使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物而形成之電子阻擋層的有機EL元件,由於優異的電子之阻擋能力與優異的電洞傳輸性,具有高發光效率,同時驅動電壓低,電流耐性有所改善、最大發光亮度提升。
而且,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,由於與習知之材料相比電洞傳輸性優異,且亦有能帶間隙寬闊之類的特性,可做為發光層之主體材料使用,例如,藉由載持稱作摻雜物之螢光發光體或磷光發光體做為發光層使用,可使有機EL元件之驅動電壓降低,發光效率提升。
如上所述,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物做為有機EL元件之電洞注入層、電洞傳輸層、電子阻擋層或者發光層之構成材料極為有用,可提升有機EL元件之發光效率以及電力效率,降低實用驅動電壓,並提高耐久性。
1‧‧‧玻璃基板
2‧‧‧透明陽極
3‧‧‧電洞注入層
4‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
5‧‧‧發光層
6‧‧‧電子傳輸層
7‧‧‧電子注入層
8‧‧‧陰極
圖1顯示實施例1之化合物(化合物4)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖2顯示實施例2之化合物(化合物14)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖3顯示實施例3之化合物(化合物33)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖4顯示實施例4之化合物(化合物35)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖5顯示實施例5之化合物(化合物98)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖6顯示實施例6之化合物(化合物99)之1H-NMR圖表。
圖7顯示有機EL元件之層結構的一例之圖。
本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物係以下列通式(1)表示,具有芳香族三級胺基(-NAr1Ar2)鍵結於聯三伸苯環之結構。
上列之通式(1)中,代表鍵結於聯三伸苯環之取代基R1以及R2之個數的p以及q,各自表示0或是1至4之整數。
又,代表鍵結於聯三伸苯環之取代基R3之個數的s,表示0或是1至3之整數。
又,通式(1)中,鍵結於聯三伸苯環的芳香族三級胺基的氮原子所鍵結的Ar1以及Ar2,各自表示芳香族烴基或是芳香族雜環基。相關之芳香族烴基以及芳香族雜環基,亦可為具有單環結構者,且亦可為具有縮合多環結構者。
做為此等之芳香族基的例子,可舉出苯基、聯苯基、聯三苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、茀基、茚基、芘基、苝基、丙二烯合茀基、聯三伸苯基、吡啶基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、咔唑基、苯并唑基、苯并噻唑基、喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、吡唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔啉基、以及9,10-二氫吖啶基等。
特別是芳香族雜環基中,該雜環基中的碳原子鍵結於胺基之氮原子為理想。
又,在芳香族雜環基之中,以呋喃基、苯并呋喃基、苯并唑基、二苯并呋喃基等之含氧芳香族雜環基;噻吩基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻唑基、二苯并噻吩基等之含硫芳香族雜環基;N-苯基咔唑基、N-苯基-9,10-二氫吖啶基為理想,特別是含硫芳香族雜環基為最理想。
於本發明中,作為在上述例示之芳香族基(芳香族烴基以及芳香族雜環基),宜以芳香族烴基、N-苯基咔唑基、二苯并呋喃基為理想,芳香族烴基為特別理想。
而且,上述之芳香族基亦可具有取代基。做為如此的取代基,可舉出氘原子;氰基;硝基;氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子等之鹵素原子;甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、三級丁基、正戊基、異戊基、新戊基、正己基等之碳原子數1~6之直鏈狀或是分支狀之烷基;甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基等之碳原子數1~6之直鏈狀或是分支狀之烷氧基;烯丙基等之烯基;苄基、萘基甲基、苯乙基等之芳烷基;苯氧基、甲苯氧基等之芳氧基;苄氧基、苯乙氧基等之芳烷氧基;苯基、聯苯基、聯三苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、茀基、茚基、芘基、苝基、丙二烯合茀基、聯三伸苯基等之芳香族烴基;吡啶基、呋喃基、吡喃基、噻吩基、吡咯基、喹啉基、異喹啉基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、吲哚基、咔唑基、苯并唑基、苯并噻唑基、喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、吡唑基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔啉基等之芳香族雜環基;苯乙烯基、萘基乙烯基等之芳基乙烯基;乙醯基、苯甲醯基等之醯基。此等之取代基如三氟甲基般,可進一步具有取代基,鍵結於Ar1之取代基彼此、或是鍵結於Ar2之取代基彼此也可藉由單鍵、亦可具有取代基之亞甲基(例如未取代亞甲基、或二甲基亞甲基等之取代亞甲基)、氧原子或是硫原子鍵結形成環。
本發明中,做為上述之芳香族基具有之取代基,宜為碳原子數1~6之直鏈狀或是分支狀之烷基較理想,而甲基、三級丁基為特別理想。
又,上述之Ar1與Ar2也可藉由單鍵、亦可具有取代基之亞甲基(例如未取代亞甲基、或二甲基亞甲基等之取代亞甲基)、氧原子或是硫原子互相鍵結與胺基之氮原子一起形成環。
作為如此的環,可舉出咔唑環、吖啶環、酚噻環、啡環等(參照後述之化合物64~70),特別是吖啶環(參照後述之化合物65~67)為理想。
又,此等之環,亦可具有與上述同樣的取代基。
前列通式(1)中,鍵結於聯三伸苯環之R1、R2以及R3各自表示氘原子、氟原子、氯原子、氰基、硝基、碳原子數1至6之烷基、碳原子數5至10之環烷基、碳原子數2至6之烯基、碳原子數1至6之烷氧基、碳原子數5至10之環烷氧基、芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或是芳氧基。
上述之R1~R3中,碳原子數1至6之烷基可為直鏈狀亦可為分支狀,做為其具體例可舉出甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、三級丁基、正戊基、異戊基、新戊基、正己基等。
又,於R1~R3中做為碳原子數5至10之環烷基、碳原子數2至6之烯基、碳原子數1至6之烷氧基以及碳原子數5至10之環烷氧基,均可為直鏈狀亦可為分支狀,具體而言,可例示為下列者。
環烷基之例:環戊基、環己基、1-金剛烷基、2-金剛烷基等。
烯基之例:乙烯基、烯丙基等。
烷氧基之例:甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、三級丁氧基、正戊氧基、正己氧基等。
環烷氧基之例:環戊氧基、環己氧基、環庚氧基、環辛氧基、1-金剛烷氧基以及2-金剛烷氧基等。
又,上述之烷基、環烷基、烯基、烷氧基以及環烷氧基亦可具有取代基,做為如此的取代基,可舉出與前述之Ar1以及Ar2中芳香族烴基以及芳香族雜環基亦可具有之取代基相同者。
而且於R1~R3中之芳香族烴基或芳香族雜環基,係亦與以前述之Ar1以及Ar2例示者為相同之基,且也可具有取代基的點也相同。
做為R1~R3中之芳氧基,可舉出苯氧基、甲苯氧基、聯苯氧基、聯三苯氧基、萘氧基、蒽氧基、菲氧基、茀氧基、茚氧基、芘氧基、苝氧基等。
當然,此等之芳氧基亦可具有取代基,做為如此的取代基,可舉出與Ar1以及Ar2中芳香族烴基以及芳香族雜環基亦可具有之取代基相同者。
於本發明中,在以上述通式(1)表示之聯三苯衍生物之中,特別是以下列通式(1a)表示者:
式中,p、q、s、Ar1、Ar2以及R1至R3係如該通式(1)中記載之意義;
亦即,芳香族三級胺基(-NAr1Ar2)鍵結於聯三伸苯環之2位(β位)的聯三伸苯衍生物為理想。
上述之聯三伸苯衍生物係為新穎之化合物,例如按照以下方式進行合成。
首先,使用相當於通式(1)之聯三伸苯衍生物具有的聯三伸苯環之聯三伸苯,將此聯三伸苯環之2位(β位)藉由N-溴琥珀醯亞胺等溴化,藉由將此溴化物,與相當於三級胺基之胺化合物(HNAr1Ar2)進行布赫瓦爾德反應(Buchwald reaction)等之交叉偶合反應(例如參照Org.Synth.,10,423(2002)),能夠合成以通式(1a)表示之聯三伸苯衍生物。
又,於將聯三伸苯的2位溴化的步驟中,藉由變更溴化之試劑、條件,可將聯三伸苯的其他之位置(例如1位(α位))進行溴化,利用這點,藉由進行與上述同樣之交叉偶合反應,能夠合成芳香族三級胺基之鍵結位置不同的聯三伸苯衍生物。
並且,例如對具有聯三伸苯環結構的化合物,藉由利用N-溴琥珀醯亞胺等進行溴化,能夠合成各種之溴化物,藉由進行此溴化物,與各種的硼酸或是硼酸酯(例如參照J.0rg.Chem.,60,7508(1995))之Suzuki偶合等之交叉偶合反應(例如參照Synth.Commun.,11,513(1981)),能夠進行對聯三伸苯衍生物更進一步導入取代基。
尚且,獲得之化合物的精製可藉由利用管柱層析精製;利用矽膠、活性碳、活性白土等吸附精製;利用溶劑之再結晶或晶析法等進行,其鑑定利用NMR分析進行。
在以上述通式(1)表示之本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物之中,理想者之具體例表示如下。
上述之本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,與習知公知之電洞傳輸材料相比玻璃轉移點(Tg)或熔點高,可形成耐熱性優異的薄膜,並且由於穩定維持於非晶質狀態,可穩定保持薄膜狀態。又,電子的阻擋能力強,例如使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物形成100nm厚度的蒸鍍膜,並測定其功函數後,顯示極高的值。
因此,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,做為有機EL元件具有之有機層的形成材料係極為有用。
<有機EL元件>
具備有使用上述本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物而形成之有機層的有機EL元件,具有例如於圖7表示之層結構。
亦即,於玻璃基板1(透明樹脂基板等,為透明基板即可)之上,設置了透明的陽極2、電洞注入層3、電洞傳輸層4、發光層5、電子傳輸層6、電子注入層7以及陰極8。
當然,應用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物的有機EL元件,並不限定於上述之層結構,可在電洞傳輸層4與發光層5之間設置電子阻擋層,或可在發光層5與電子傳輸層6之間設置電洞阻擋層,又可做成省略電子注入層7或電洞注入層3等之簡單的層結構。例如,上述之多層結構中,可以省略
數層。例如在基板1上,可做成設置陽極2、電洞傳輸層3、發光層5、電子傳輸層6以及陰極8之簡單的層結構。
亦即,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,適合做為設置於上述之陽極2與陰極8之間的有機層(例如電洞注入層3、電洞傳輸層4、未圖示之電子阻擋層、或者發光層5)之形成材料使用。
上述之有機EL元件中,透明陽極2也可以由其本身為公知之電極材料而形成,藉由將像是ITO或金之功函數大的電極材料蒸鍍於基板1(玻璃基板等之透明基板)上而形成。
又,做為設置於透明陽極2上的電洞注入層3,除了可使用上述本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物而形成之外,亦可使用習知的公知材料,例如以下之材料而形成。
以銅酞花青為代表之卟啉化合物;光芒(starburst)型之三苯胺衍生物;具有藉由單鍵或不含雜原子之2價基鍵結多數之三苯胺骨架之結構的芳基胺(例如三苯胺之3聚物或是4聚物);塗佈型之高分子材料,例如聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)、聚(苯乙烯磺酸酯)(PSS)等;如六氰基氮雜聯三伸苯之類之接受體性雜環化合物;形成使用上述之材料之層(薄膜)除了蒸鍍法之外,可利用旋轉式塗佈法或噴墨法等之公知方法進行。於以下敘述之各種之層也同樣可利用蒸鍍或旋轉式塗佈法、噴墨法等成膜。
設置於上述之電洞注入層3上的電洞傳輸層4,可使用前述本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物而形成,且亦可使用習知公知之電洞傳輸材料而形成。
做為上所述的習知公知之電洞材料代表者係如下。
聯苯胺衍生物,例如:
N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(間甲苯基)聯苯胺(以下簡稱為TPD);N,N’-二苯基-N,N’-二(α-萘基)聯苯胺(以下簡稱為NPD);N,N,N’,N’-四聯苯基聯苯胺;胺系衍生物,例如:1,1-雙[4-(二-4-甲苯基胺基)苯基]環己烷(以下簡稱為TAPC);各種的三苯胺3聚物以及4聚物;咔唑衍生物;亦做為電洞注入層用使用之上述的塗佈型高分子材料;如上所述之電洞傳輸材料之化合物亦可各自單獨成膜,亦可混合2種以上而成膜,又,也可使用1種或者多種之上述化合物形成多數之層,並將如此之層疊層而成之多層膜做為電洞傳輸層。
又,也可做成兼作為電洞注入層3與電洞傳輸層4之層,如此的電洞注入‧傳輸層,可藉由使用聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)(以下簡稱為PEDOT)等高分子材料之塗佈而形成。
又,電洞傳輸層4(電洞注入層3亦相同)中,可使用對於該層通常使用之材料再將參溴苯基胺六氯銻等進行P型摻雜而成者。又,亦可使用具有TPD之基本骨架的高分子化合物等形成電洞傳輸層4(或者電洞注入層3)。
而且,未圖示之電子阻擋層(可設置於發光層5與電洞傳輸層4之間)可使用具有電子阻擋作用的本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物而形成,亦可使用公知的電子阻擋性化合物,例如咔唑衍生物、或具三苯基矽基且具三芳基胺結構之化合物等而形成。咔唑衍生物以及具三芳基胺結構之化合物的具體例係如下。
<咔唑衍生物>
4,4’,4”-三(N-咔唑基)三苯胺(以下簡稱為TCTA);9,9-雙[4-(咔唑-9-基)苯基]茀;1,3-雙(咔唑-9-基)苯(以下簡稱為mCP);2,2-雙(4-咔唑-9-基苯基)金剛烷(以下簡稱為Ad-Cz);
<具三芳基胺結構之化合物>
9-[4-(咔唑-9-基)苯基]-9-[4-(三苯基矽基)苯基]-9H-茀;電子阻擋層係使用單獨1種或2種以上之本發明之聯三伸苯化合物或如上述之公知的電洞傳輸材料而形成,亦可使用1種或者多種此等之電洞傳輸材料形成多數之層,並將如此之層疊層而成之多層膜做為電子阻擋層。
有機EL元件之發光層5,可使用比如Alq3之羥基喹啉衍生物之金屬錯合物,除此以外亦可使用鋅或鈹、鋁等之各種的金屬錯合物,蒽衍生物、雙苯乙烯基苯衍生物、芘衍生物、唑衍生物、聚對伸苯基伸乙烯衍生物等之發光材料而形成。
又,發光層5也可以由主體材料與摻雜物材料構成。
做為此情況之主體材料,除了上述之發光材料以外,可使用噻唑衍生物、苯并咪唑衍生物、聚二烷基茀衍生物等,而且也可使用前述本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物。
做為摻雜物材料,可使用喹吖酮、香豆素、紅螢烯(rubrene)、苝及此等之衍生物、苯并吡喃衍生物、若丹明(rhodamine)衍生物、胺基苯乙烯基衍生物等。
如此的發光層5,亦可做為使用1種或是2種以上各發光材料之單層結構,亦可作為疊層多數之層而成之多層結構。
而且,可使用磷光發光材料做為發光材料形成發光層5。
做為磷光發光材料,可使用銥或鉑等的金屬錯合物之磷光發光體。例如,可使用Ir(ppy)3等綠色的磷光發光體;FIrpic、FIr6等藍色的磷光發光體;Btp2Ir(acac)等紅色的磷光發光體等,此等之磷光發光材料係摻雜於電洞注入.傳輸性之主體材料或電子傳輸性之主體材料而使用。
做為電洞注入.傳輸性之主體材料,可使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物、或4,4’-二(N-咔唑基)聯苯(以下簡稱為CBP)或TCTA、mCP等之咔唑衍生物等。
又,做為電子傳輸性之主體材料,可使用對雙(三苯基矽基)苯(以下簡稱為UGH2)或2,2’,2”-(1,3,5-伸苯基)-參(1-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑)(以下簡稱為TPBI)等。
尚且,對磷光性發光材料之主體材料的摻雜,為了避免濃度消光,在相對於發光層全體為1~30重量%之範圍,以共蒸鍍進行摻雜為理想。
可設置於發光層5與電子傳輸層6之間之電洞阻擋層(未圖示於圖7),可使用其本身為公知之具有電洞阻擋作用之化合物而形成。
做為如上述具有電洞阻擋作用之公知化合物的例子,除了浴銅靈(Bathocuproin)(以下簡稱為BCP)等啡啉衍生物,或雙(2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉)-4-苯基酚鋁(III)(以下簡稱為BAlq)等羥基喹啉衍生物之金屬錯合物之外,尚可舉出三唑衍生物、三衍生物、二唑衍生物等。
此等之材料,也可使用於以下敘述之電子傳輸層6的形成,並且亦可兼用此電洞阻擋層與電子傳輸層6。
如此的電洞阻擋層亦可做成單層或是多層之疊層結構,各層使用1種或是2種以上之上述具有電洞阻擋作用之化合物而成膜。
電子傳輸層6,使用其本身為公知之電子傳輸性之化合物,例如可使用像Alq3、BAlq之羥基喹啉衍生物之金屬錯合物,除此以外也可使用鋅或鈹、
鋁等之各種的金屬錯合物、三唑衍生物、三衍生物、二唑衍生物、噻二唑衍生物、碳二醯亞胺衍生物、喹啉衍生物、啡啉衍生物、矽羅(silole)衍生物等而形成。
此電子傳輸層6亦可做成單層或是多層之疊層結構,各層使用1種或是2種以上之上述電子傳輸性化合物而成膜。
並且,電子注入層7亦可使用其本身為公知者,例如氟化鋰、氟化銫等鹼金屬鹽、氟化鎂等鹼土類金屬鹽、氧化鋁等金屬氧化物等而形成。
做為有機EL元件之陰極8,可使用如鋁之功函數低之電極材料,或如鎂銀合金、鎂銦合金、鋁鎂合金之類之功函數更低之合金當做電極材料。
使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物形成至少一個有機層(例如電洞注入層3、電洞傳輸層4、電子阻擋層或者發光層5)之有機EL元件,發光效率以及電力效率高、實用驅動電壓低、發光起始電壓亦低,有極為優異的耐久性。
以下,利用實施例具體說明本發明,但本發明並非限定於以下之實施例。
(聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺之合成;(化合物4之合成)
將(聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)胺 12.3g、2-溴聯三伸苯 11.5g、三級丁氧基鈉 3.92g、甲苯 180ml、添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加乙酸鈀 0.15g參(三級丁基)膦 0.55g
並加熱,於80℃攪拌3小時。冷卻至室溫,添加甲苯150ml、水100ml後,利用分液操作採取有機層。
將此有機層以無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,藉由在減壓下濃縮獲得褐色之粗製物23.8g。
藉由將獲得之粗製物溶解於甲苯400ml,並使用矽膠20.0g進行吸附精製,接著在減壓下濃縮後,使用甲苯/甲醇之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用甲醇進行回流清洗,獲得(聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺(化合物4)之淡黃色粉體15.2g(產率76%)。
針對獲得之淡黃色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖1所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下33個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=8.98(1H) 8.68(4H) 8.50(1H) 8.35(1H) 7.72-7.58(9H) 7.50-7.39(6H) 7.28(5H) 7.19(1H)
1.43(6H)
雙(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺之合成;(化合物14之合成)
將雙(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)胺 12.8g、2-溴聯三伸苯 10.8g、三級丁氧基鈉 3.67g、甲苯 220ml、添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加乙酸鈀 0.14g參(三級丁基)膦 0.52g
並加熱,於80℃攪拌2小時。冷卻至室溫,添加甲苯100ml、水100ml後,利用分液操作採取有機層。將此有機層以無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,藉由在減壓下濃縮獲得褐色之粗製物24.0g。
將此粗製物溶解於甲苯300ml,並使用矽膠10.0g進行吸附精製。於減壓下濃縮後,藉由使用甲苯/正己烷之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用甲苯/甲醇之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用甲醇進行回流清洗,獲得雙(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺(化合物14)之淡黃色粉體12.0g(產率60%)。
針對獲得之淡黃色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖2所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下37個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=8.70(2H) 8.64(2H) 8.53(1H) 8.32(1H) 7.69(4H) 7.59(3H) 7.49-7.45(4H) 7.42(2H) 7.28(2H) 7.24-7.19(4H) 1.42(12H)
(聯苯-4-基)-(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺之合成;(化合物33之合成)
將(聯苯-4-基)-(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)胺 12.5g、2-溴聯三伸苯 11.2g、三級丁氧基鈉 3.82g、甲苯 200ml、
添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加乙酸鈀 0.15g、參(三級丁基)膦 0.54g
並加熱,於80℃攪拌2小時。冷卻至室溫,添加甲苯150ml、水50ml後,利用分液操作採取有機層。將此有機層以無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,藉由在減壓下濃縮獲得褐色之粗製物22.9g。
將獲得之粗製物溶解於甲苯200ml,並使用矽膠20.0g進行吸附精製。於減壓下濃縮後,藉由使用四氫呋喃/正己烷之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用四氫呋喃/甲醇之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用甲醇進行回流清洗,獲得(聯苯-4-基)-(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺(化合物33)之淡黃色粉體14.7g(產率73%)。
針對獲得之淡黃色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖3所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下37個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=8.71(2H) 8.65(2H) 8.49(1H) 8.38(1H) 7.60(11H) 7.52(1H) 7.45(3H) 7.40(2H) 7.29(5H) 1.35(9H)
(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺之
合成;(化合物35之合成)
將(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)胺 13.0g、2-溴聯三伸苯 10.5g、三級丁氧基鈉 3.58g、甲苯 180ml、添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加乙酸鈀 0.14g、參-三級丁基膦 0.50g
並加熱,於80℃攪拌2小時。冷卻至室溫,添加甲苯200ml、水100ml後,利用分液操作採取有機層。將此有機層以無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,在減壓下濃縮後,使用四氫呋喃/甲醇之混合溶劑進行晶析,使用甲苯再結晶,使用甲醇進行回流清洗,獲得(4’-三級丁基聯苯-4-基)-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-(聯三伸苯-2-基)胺(化合物35)之白色粉體11.3g(產率57%)。
針對獲得之白色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖4所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下41個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=8.67(4H) 8.49(1H) 8.34(1H)
7.70(2H) 7.59(7H) 7.49-7.41(6H) 7.29(3H) 7.24(1H) 7.18(1H) 1.42(6H) 1.34(9H)
6-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-3-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-1,1-二甲基-1,3-二氫茚并(dihydroindeno)[2,1-b]咔唑之合成;(化合物98之合成)
將6-溴-3-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-1,1-二甲基-1,3-二氫茚并[2,1-b]咔唑 18.0g、2-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼戊環-2-基)-9,9-二甲基-9H-茀 10.8g、2M碳酸鉀水溶液 30ml、甲苯 144ml、乙醇 36ml添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加肆(三苯膦)鈀 1.06g
並加熱,於回流下攪拌5.5小時。冷卻至室溫,添加甲苯200ml、水100ml,利用分液操作採取有機層。將此有機層以無水硫酸鎂乾燥後,藉由在減壓下濃縮獲得粗製物。
將獲得之粗製物利用管柱層析(擔體:矽膠、溶析液:二氯甲烷/正己烷)精製,獲得6-(9,9-二甲基-9H-茀-2-基)-3-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-1,1-二甲基-1,3-二氫茚并[2,1-b]咔唑(化合物98)之白色粉體14.3g(產率66%)。
針對獲得之白色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖5所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下39個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=9.29(2H) 9.08-8.97(4H) 8.90(1H) 8.84(1H) 8.20-8.09(3H) 8.05(1H) 7.98-7.76(9H) 7.69-7.61(2H) 7.55-7.40(4H) 1.74(6H) 1.65(6H)
3,7-二(二苯并呋喃-4-基)-10-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-10H-啡之合成;(化合物99之合成)
將3,7-二溴-10-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-10H-啡 8.9g、4-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-[1,3,2]二氧硼戊環-2-基)二苯并呋喃 9.69g、2M碳酸鉀水溶液 17ml、甲苯 72ml、乙醇 18ml添加至經氮氣取代之反應容器,於照射超音波的同時通入氮氣30分鐘。
其次,添加肆(三苯膦)鈀 0.54g
並加熱,於回流下攪拌8.5小時。冷卻至室溫,添加庚烷100ml、水100ml後,藉由過濾採取析出之粗製物。
將獲得之粗製物利用管柱層析(擔體:矽膠、溶析液:甲苯/庚烷)精製後,接著,藉由使用甲苯進行精製,獲得3,7-二(二苯并呋喃-4-基)-10-(聯三伸苯-2-基)-10H-啡(化合物99)之黃色粉體5.99g(產率51%)。
針對獲得之黃色粉體使用NMR鑑定結構。1H-NMR測定結果如圖6所示。
以1H-NMR(THF-d8)檢測到以下31個氫的訊號。
δ(ppm)=9.29(1H) 9.14(1H)
8.99(4H) 8.19(2H) 8.10(2H) 7.98(1H) 7.91-7.76(8H) 7.67-7.43(10H) 6.43(2H)
(玻璃轉移點之測定)
針對於實施例1~4獲得之聯三伸苯衍生物,以高感度差示掃描熱量計(Bruker AXS製、DSC3100S)求取玻璃轉移點。
其結果係如以下所示。
因為如此,本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物具有100℃以上之玻璃轉移點,吾人判斷是表示穩定的薄膜狀態。
(功函數之評價)
使用於實施例1~3獲得之聯三伸苯衍生物,將此化合物之蒸鍍膜(膜厚100nm)製作在ITO基板之上,並以大氣中光電子分光裝置(理研計器製、AC-3型)測定功函數。結果係如以下所示。
從上述之結果可知:本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,與NPD、TPD等一般的電洞傳輸材料具備的功函數5.4eV比較,顯示有合適的能階(energy level),具有良好的電洞傳輸能力。
(有機EL元件之特性評價)
製作使用具有實施例1獲得之聯三伸苯衍生物(化合物4)形成之電洞傳輸層且為圖7所示之結構的有機EL元件。
具體而言,將已成膜有膜厚150nm之ITO的玻璃基板1以有機溶劑洗滌後,以氧電漿處理清洗表面。之後,將此附有ITO電極之玻璃基板1安裝到真空蒸鍍機內,將蒸鍍機內減壓到0.001Pa以下,在此狀態,使用下列結構式之化合物100,以覆蓋透明陽極2的方式,形成膜厚為20nm之電洞注入層3。
於如上所述而形成之電洞注入層3之上,將於實施例1獲得之聯三伸苯衍生物(化合物4)蒸鍍而形成膜厚40nm之電洞傳輸層4。
於此電洞傳輸層4之上,將下列結構式之化合物101與下列結構式之化合物102以蒸鍍速度比為化合物101:化合物102=5:95的蒸鍍速度進行二元蒸鍍,形成膜厚30nm之發光層5。
其次,使用Alq3,於上述之發光層5之上形成膜厚30nm的電子傳輸層6。
並且,使用氟化鋰,於上述之電子傳輸層6之上形成膜厚0.5nm的電子注入層7。
最後,蒸鍍鋁使膜厚為150nm形成陰極8,獲得如圖7所示結構之有機EL元件。
針對如上所述而製作之有機EL元件,於大氣中、常溫下施加直流電壓時之發光特性的測定結果,彙整顯示於表1。
為了比較,使用下列結構式之化合物103替換為實施例1之聯三伸苯衍生物,形成膜厚40nm之電洞傳輸層4,除此以外與實施例9完全同樣地進行製作有機EL元件。
針對如此而獲得之有機EL元件,與實施例9同樣地測定發光特性,其結果一併顯示於表1。
如表1所示,流過電流密度10mA/cm2之電流時的驅動電壓,相對於使用化合物103之有機EL元件的5.17V,在使用實施例1之化合物(化合物4)之有機EL元件為低電壓的5.06V;在電力效率,相對於使用化合物103之有機EL元件的5.49lm/W,使用本發明之實施例1之化合物(化合物4)之有機EL元件為大幅提升的6.52lm/W。
由以上之結果明顯得知,使用本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物的有機EL元件,即使與使用為公知材料之前述化合物103之有機EL元件比較,仍可達成發光效率或電力效率之提升、或實用驅動電壓之降低。
本發明之聯三伸苯衍生物,電洞傳輸能力高、非晶質性優異、薄膜狀態穩定,因此做為有機EL元件用之化合物為優秀。藉由使用該化合物製作有機EL元件,可獲得高發光效率以及電力效率,同時可降低實用驅動電壓,可改善耐久性。例如,可開展應用到家庭電化製品或照明的用途。
Claims (8)
- 一種聯三伸苯衍生物,係以下列通式(1)表示:
式中,p以及q各自表示0或是1至4之整數;s表示0或是1至3之整數;Ar1以及Ar2各自表示芳香族烴基或是芳香族雜環基,但Ar1與Ar2也可藉由單鍵、亦可具有取代基之亞甲基、氧原子或是硫原子互相鍵結並形成環;R1、R2以及R3各自表示氘原子、氟原子、氯原子、氰基、硝基、碳原子數1至6之烷基、碳原子數5至10之環烷基、碳原子數2至6之烯基、碳原子數1至6之烷氧基、碳原子數5至10之環烷氧基、芳香族烴基、芳香族雜環基或是芳氧基。 - 如專利申請範圍第1項之聯三伸苯衍生物,係以下列通式(1a)表示:
式中,p、q、s、Ar1、Ar2以及R1~R3係如該通式(1)中記載之意義。 - 如專利申請範圍第1項之聯三伸苯衍生物,其中,於該通式(1)中,Ar1與Ar2跟氮原子一起形成咔唑環、吖啶環、酚噻環或是啡環。
- 一種有機電致發光元件,其係具有一對電極與夾於其之間之至少一層之有機層,該有機層之至少一層含有如專利申請範圍第1項之聯三伸苯衍生物。
- 如專利申請範圍第4項之有機電致發光元件,其中,該含有聯三伸苯衍生物之有機層係為電洞傳輸層。
- 如專利申請範圍第4項之有機電致發光元件,其中,該含有聯三伸苯衍生物之有機層係為電子阻擋層。
- 如專利申請範圍第4項之有機電致發光元件,其中,該含有聯三伸苯衍生物之有機層係為電洞注入層。
- 如專利申請範圍第4項之有機電致發光元件,其中,該含有聯三伸苯衍生物之有機層係為發光層。
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2013
- 2013-03-27 WO PCT/JP2013/058998 patent/WO2013157367A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-04-08 TW TW102112352A patent/TW201345877A/zh unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107922402A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2018-04-17 | 默克专利有限公司 | 用于有机电致发光器件的吩噁嗪衍生物 |
| TWI721001B (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2021-03-11 | 德商麥克專利有限公司 | 用於有機電致發光裝置之材料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013157367A1 (ja) | 2013-10-24 |
| JP2015155378A (ja) | 2015-08-27 |
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