TW201410945A - Construction method of artificial submarine mountain and artificial submarine mountain - Google Patents

Abstract

A plurality of block groups is constructed by connecting a plurality of block bodies in an annular form by extending a rope/steel wire through penetrating holes. The total length of the rope/steel wire is set in such a way that the average length between the block bodies is 0.1-4 times of one side length of a block body. At least a part of a substantially conical artificial submarine mountain can be constructed by having a plurality of block groups that is connected with the rope/steel wire having a set length falling down from the sea surface and piled on the sea bed. An artificial submarine mountain is formed by repeatedly arranging a plurality of conic structures in a linear manner in a direction of obstructing the ocean current so that a projecting area S1 of the artificial submarine mountain in the direction of the ocean current is set to be 1.6-8 times of a projecting area S2 of the artificial submarine mountain in the direction of obstructing the ocean current.

Description

Artificial seamount mountain construction method and artificial seamount Field of invention

The invention relates to a method for constructing an artificial sea-mount mountain range constructed by a submarine stacked block and an artificial sea-mount mountain range.

Background of the invention

In recent years, there has been proposed a method of constructing an artificial sea-mountain mountain on the seabed, using ocean currents such as tides or ocean currents, and adding nutrients rich in seawater exceeding the compensation depth to plant plankton to reproduce sunlight. Sea surface, a technique for the propagation of plant plankton at the source of the food chain. In such an artificial sea-mount mountain range, it is preferable to increase the projected area in the direction of the ocean current, that is, the cross-sectional area in the direction of the ocean current. In the case of the artificial seamounts in the past, in order to construct a stone or a block centering on the predetermined position of the seabed by, for example, an open barge on the sea surface, it is constructed by considering the current of the sea area and repeatedly casting stones or blocks. . When a stone or a block is cast by means of a predetermined position on the bottom of the sea, the stone or block will naturally scatter (scatter) when it falls in the sea, and form a circle on the bottom of the sea, gradually accumulating at the center of the circle. . In this way, the seamounts piled up on the bottom of the sea are formed into a cone shape with the highest peak on the mountain and gradually decreasing in the periphery.

However, the deeper the water, the longer the stone or block falls, except When it falls, it is scattered, and the longer it is affected by the ocean currents such as the tide, the wider the scattered area (scattering range). In the large water depth, the bottom area of the artificial seamount will expand and the total volume will increase. Big. The stone or block cast with the target of the apex of the cone increases the height to the slope of the slope as the angle of repose. That is, the stone or block that is scattered in a conical shape in a wide range will roll down on the inclined surface and reach the bottom of the sea to enlarge the bottom area. Then, on the enlarged bottom surface, one side is covered with a slope and stacked, and the height is increased to the angle of repose. In this way, the shape of the bottom surface of the artificial sea-mountain mountain formed by casting stones or blocks on the sea surface is circular and a three-dimensional cone in a plan view by natural scattering, and has been empirically demonstrated in the past.

In order to improve the block efficiency of artificial seamounts (artificial seamounts) The height of the vein relative to the number of stones or blocks must ensure the design height and reduce the total volume. Therefore, it is considered to reduce the scattered area of the stone or block and reduce the bottom area of the cone. In order to achieve this, the number of simultaneous castings of the stone or block from the bottom barge is reduced, and the range at the sea where the starting point of the drop is made is reduced. Further, various means such as adjusting the speed at which the bottom of the ship is opened and gradually expanding the opening width and reducing the scattered area on the bottom of the sea are performed. However, it is difficult to properly control the natural scattering of a large number of stones or blocks. Therefore, the conventional artificial sea-mount mountains must adopt a structure in which the cones are repeatedly arranged in the direction of covering the ocean currents.

Specifically, as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 04-304829 (Document 1), the peaks of the mountain top are horizontally connected, as in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-123076 (Document 2), and a cone slightly higher than the peak is disposed at both ends of the peak. Also, such as the US patent 8,186,909 (Document 3), three or more cones are repeatedly arranged in a straight line. Further, a method of controlling the block body to fall on the sea floor structure is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei. No. 2006-125059 (Document 4), in which the two blocks are simply loosely connected and dropped by using a rope or a steel wire.

Summary of invention

The artificial sea-mountain mountain proposal has an artificial sea-mountain mountain that is constructed entirely of natural stone or the basic part. However, the surface of the artificial sea-mountain mountain constructed with stone has a small space formed between the stones. Since the fish and shells hide or rest to avoid the space of foreign enemies, the effect of the reef can be said to be poor. Moreover, it is concerned with the extensive use of stone and the development of natural resources, the destruction of terrestrial ecosystems caused by harvesting plants with quarrying or the loss of carbon dioxide gas absorption sources, from the point of view of environmental protection, also curbed the stone use.

On the other hand, the artificial block made of coal ash and the like is closely related to the promotion of circulation, and it is confirmed that various sizes of space can be made on the seabed, a good rocky ecosystem is created, and the reef effect is high. For these reasons, the construction of artificial seamounts in blocks is also under review. However, in the above-mentioned artificial seamounts of documents 1, 2, and 3, in order to obtain the desired surge effect and the reef effect, a plurality of cones are arranged to increase the projected area in the direction of the ocean current, and thus a large number of blocks are required. Not economically beneficial. Therefore, with the large-scale production of artificial sea-mountain mountains, it is possible to obtain a structure that can be rationally and economically upgraded and reef function. Also, according to the structure of the seabed structure of Document 4 The method of building and reducing the size of the block on the seabed is limited, and it is impossible to accurately construct a slender seabed structure.

The object of the present invention is to provide an artificial sea-mount mountain range construction method and an artificial sea-mount mountain range which can improve the seawater surge effect and the reef effect by a small number of blocks.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an artificial sea-bottom mountain that can reduce the size of a block of a seabed and accurately construct a seabed structure of a desired shape, and an artificial sea-mount mountain range.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for constructing an artificial sea-mount mountain of the present invention has the following steps: a plurality of blocks having a substantially cubic shape with at least one through hole extending through one direction, and a rope/wire connection for inserting the through hole Form a loop, make a plurality of blocks, and set the length of the rope/wire so that the length of the rope/wire between the blocks is on average 0.1 to 4.0 times the length of one side of the block, so that the rope/wire is set by the length The connected plurality of blocks fall from the surface of the sea and accumulate on the bottom of the sea to construct at least a part of the artificial sea-mountain mountain with a slightly conical shape.

Further, in the artificial sea-bottom mountain range of the present invention, the plurality of first conical structures which are formed by stacking a plurality of stones/blocks into a substantially conical shape are arranged in a straight line in the direction of the sea current blocking the seawater, and are arranged in the seabed. In the artificial sea-mount mountain range, at least a part of the majority of the blocks are connected by a plurality of ropes/steel wires and loosely connected, and the projected area S1 of the artificial sea-mountain mountain in the direction of the sea current is set to cover the seawater. The projected area of the artificial sea-mountain mountain in the direction of the ocean current is 1.6 to 8 times.

According to the method for constructing an artificial sea-mountain mountain of the present invention, the plurality of blocks constituting the block group are dropped in the sea in a state of maintaining an appropriate inter-surface distance, and therefore the pressure of each block to receive seawater is equal. The block group moves and falls on average with the ocean current, and is planted with high precision within the target range. Thereby, the block body is stacked on the sea floor with high precision, and the artificial sea bottom mountain can be constructed into a desired shape.

According to the artificial sea-mount mountain of the present invention, a block group in which a plurality of blocks are annularly and loosely connected is used, thereby constructing a projection of a seawater in a direction along the ocean current with a projected area S1 larger than a direction blocking the ocean current. Artificial seamounts of area S2. In the constructed artificial sea-mountain mountain range, the projected area S1 of the seawater along the ocean current is 1.6 to 8 times larger than the projected area S2 in the direction of covering the ocean current, which can further enhance the seawater surge effect and the reef effect. Further, since the projected area S2 in the direction orthogonal to the ocean current of the seawater is smaller than the projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current, it is possible to describe a small block structure, and the block body can be made smaller. The stacking operation is simplified.

1‧‧‧Cone structure

2‧‧‧ artificial seamounts

2A‧‧‧Cone structures

2a‧‧‧Spindle Department

3A‧‧‧ cone

3a, 3b‧‧‧ spurs

10‧‧‧ Block

10a‧‧‧through hole

10A, 10B, 10C‧‧‧ block group

11‧‧‧ rope or wire

21‧‧‧ artificial seamounts

100‧‧‧ Crane boat

102‧‧‧ Guide wire

101‧‧‧ hook

d‧‧‧Interfacial distance

D‧‧‧Distracted distance

H‧‧‧ Height of artificial seamounts

L1‧‧‧ The length of the artificial seamount in the direction of the current (full length)

L2‧‧‧ Length (amplitude) of the artificial seamount in the direction of the ocean current

S1‧‧‧ projected area along the direction of ocean currents

S2‧‧‧ projection in the direction of the current area

1A to 1C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view illustrating an outline of a cone structure of the present invention.

2A to 2C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view of an artificial sea-mount mountain range according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

3A to 3C are perspective views showing a connected state of the block group used in the artificial sea-mount mountain range shown in Figs. 2A to 2C.

Figure 4A is a graph showing the inter-plane distance and average when a block group is composed of 4 blocks. The relationship between the scattered distances and FIG. 4B is a graph showing the relationship between the inter-surface distance and the average scattered distance when the block group is composed of two blocks.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a method of dropping a block group from the sea surface into the sea.

6A to 6C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a cone structure constituting an artificial sea-mount mountain of a second embodiment of the present invention.

7A to 7C are a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a cone structure constituting an artificial sea-mount mountain of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the cone structure of the third embodiment as seen from the direction of the ocean current.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiment

Hereinafter, the artificial sea-mount mountain range of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The cone structure 1 constituting the artificial sea-mount mountain range shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C is a single crucible body in which a plurality of blocks are dropped from the sea surface and stacked on the sea floor. In order to improve the seawater surge effect and the reef effect, the projected area S1 along the direction of the ocean currents such as ocean currents or currents (the direction parallel to the ocean currents) is larger than the ocean current direction that covers the seawater (simplified with ocean currents). A slightly conical shape of the projected area S2 (S1>S2) in the direction of the orthogonal direction. The planar shape of the artificial sea-mount mountain 1 is as shown in FIG. 1A, and is configured to have a short axis in the direction of the ocean current (hereinafter referred to as ocean current) and a long axis in the direction of covering the ocean current, or Close to the long round shape. The projected area S1 means the cross-sectional area of the cone structure 1 in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the ocean current, and the projected area S2 means a cone along the direction of the ocean current. The cross-sectional area of the body structure 1.

2A to 2C are views showing an artificial sea according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The bottom mountain range 21. In the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21 of the present embodiment, the cone structure 1 shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C is linearly arranged on the sea floor, and the adjacent cone structures 1 are partly from the hillside to the foot of the mountain. Repeat the configuration. In FIGS. 2A to 2C, when H is the height to the top of the cone structure 1 and r is the radius of the long axis direction of the cone structure 1, it is indicated that the peak of the adjacent cone structure 1 is between the peaks. The interval is 2.5H, the radius of the short axis direction of the cone structure 1 is 1.5H, and the radius r of the long axis direction of the cone structure 1 is 2.0H.

In the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 of the present embodiment, the projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current shown in FIG. 2B is set to 1.6 to 8 times the projected area S2 in the direction of the ocean current shown in FIG. 2C, to 4 ~7 times is better. The reason for setting S1/S2 to 1.6 to 8 times is as follows. Furthermore, L1 represents the length (full length) of the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21 in the direction of the ocean current, and L2 represents the length (amplitude) of the artificial sea-mount mountain range in the direction of the ocean current.

The density of seawater from the sea surface to the seabed is a certain ocean current. The ocean current over the artificial seamount will be peeled off at the top of the mountain, forming a vortex with a horizontal axis. Also, the ocean currents that are twisted back and forth at the left and right ends of the artificial sea-mount mountain are peeled off on the sides and form a vortex with a vertical or inclined axis. The vortex group having the horizontal axis and the vertical axis is closed in the reverse flow field formed by the negative pressure formed behind the artificial sea-mount mountain range, and is combined in the reverse flow domain to store energy. When the energy is large to some extent, a large vortex having a rising force (hereinafter referred to as a surge vortex) is intermittently released, and is caught in the low-level seawater and rises. It can be seen from the hydraulic experiment that the arrival height of the surge vortex is a relationship between the height H of the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21 and the length L1 of the direction in which the ocean current is blocked. The reaching height of the surge vortex is that L1 is more than 4 times the height H and is up to 8 times. If it is exceeded, it is lowered. Therefore, the projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current is preferably 4H ² to 8H ² .

On the other hand, the projected area S2 in the direction of covering the ocean current hardly affects the height of the surge vortex. Therefore, if the scattered block is controlled to be scattered and the bottom side length L2 of the cross section in the direction of blocking the ocean current is reduced, the volume of the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 can be reduced and the surge vortex can be efficiently generated. Considering the angle of repose of the slope of the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 stacked on the bottom of the sea, the slope ratio is about 45 degrees, which is about 22 degrees. Therefore, the actual performance of the length L2 in the direction of covering the ocean current is that the shortest 2H is stable, generally to 5H, so the projected area S2 in the direction of covering the ocean current will be from 1H ² to 2.5H ² . Therefore, S1/S2 should be in the range of 1.6 times to 8 times.

In general, the water temperature in the surface of the ocean is higher and the salt concentration is higher. Low, so the density is low, and in the lower layer than the surface layer, the seawater temperature will gradually decrease and the salt concentration will also become higher, so the density will become higher. As described above, a state in which the density of the surface layer is low and the density becomes high as the thickness is lowered to the lower layer is referred to as density layering. The oceanic layer of density is called a layered stream of density, but in the lower layer of higher density, the surge vortex that occurs due to the artificial sea-mountain mountain is difficult to break through the low-density layer. However, when the density laminar flow collides with the artificial sea-mount mountain 21, when the seawater having a higher density falls over the mountain top, a large wave called an internal wave is generated on the equal-density surface. Since the energy of the internal wave is transmitted upwards, broken waves, etc., the layers are mixed and the lower layer of nutrients rises to the surface layer. The result of the height numerical analysis, in the density layered flow, It is also important that the ratio of the projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current of the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 to the projected area S2 in the direction of covering the ocean current is important, and the S1/S2 is in the range of 1.6 times to 8 times as in the case of no layering. To increase the surge effect of nutrient salts equivalent to the volume of artificial seamounts.

Thus, by forming the cone structures of the artificial sea-mount mountains 21 The structure 1 is constructed as S1>S2, and the number of blocks can be reduced as compared with the structure of the regular cone. This is because the length (amplitude) in the direction of the ocean current along the bottom surface of the cone is shortened, that is, the number of blocks required to stack the artificial sea-mount mountain 1 is reduced. Conversely, in the cone structure 1 composed of the same number of blocks, the projected area S1 in the direction along the ocean current can be increased as compared with the positive cone. Therefore, even if the plurality of conical structures 1 are repeatedly arranged in a straight line in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the ocean current, and the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 is constructed, the total number of the blocks can be reduced to reduce the material cost. Further, it is possible to reduce the fuel cost required for the dropping operation of the block and shorten the construction period.

The surface layer and the lower layer (below the surface layer) of the large water depth In the density laminar flow, internal waves are generated by the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 composed of a plurality of conical structures 1. In this case, the higher the height of the artificial sea-bottom mountain range 21 covering the ocean current, and the steeper the slope relative to the ocean current, the higher the wave height of the internal wave. Moreover, the wider the length of the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21 that covers the ocean current, the greater the internal wave amplitude. As described above, the larger the projected area S1 is, the higher the wavelength of the internal wave is, and the larger the wavelength is, and the surge effect tends to increase. However, it is determined that the wavelength of the internal wave is mainly the natural flow velocity.

On the other hand, the depth of the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 in the direction of the ocean current is not affected by the magnitude of the internal wave, so it is not necessary to lengthen it. also, The internal wave breaking waves greatly contribute to the vertical mixing of seawater that is important for bringing nutrients to the surface. The waveform ratio drop or the difference in flow velocity between the upper and lower layers greatly affects the fragmentation of the internal wave. In order to increase the wave height of the internal wave, the height of the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 and the ratio of the slope to the ocean current will have a large impact, but the depth along the direction of the ocean current is not affected.

Moreover, since the larger the projected area S1, the reverse flow area also becomes larger, so The range of effects of the reef has also increased. Near the inside and near the backflow domain, the flow rate changes and a diverse ocean current environment is formed. It is known that behind the structure, a variety of ocean current fields can be formed with different flow rates and flow directions, and a variety of organisms can be gathered. On the bottom of the sea, when the flow velocity in the horizontal direction is large, particles having a small particle size and light particles may scatter, and particles having a large particle size and heavy particles may remain on the sea floor. When the flow rate is small, small and light clay particles will accumulate. In the backwaters and in the surrounding area, the distribution of the substrate is diversified in response to the flow rate, and the habitat of the seabed organisms (benthos) that enjoy various substrate environments is promoted to promote the diversity of the organism.

In addition, similarly to the bottom of the sea, a three-dimensional and various flow conditions are formed in the backflow domain formed behind the structure, and a complex ocean current environment is formed behind the complex shape structure. When the flow rate is small, eggs, seedlings, plankton or small fish of fish and shellfish that do not have swimming ability will be retained. A good fishing ground is formed in a sea area with varying seabed topography. Its important causes are uplifting, sedimentation, stripping, and internal wave disturbance. Therefore, it is known that the water temperature is averaged due to mixing, the increase in basic production due to the surge of nutrient salts, the drifting, the accumulation of suspended matter, and the like, forming a space different from the surrounding sea area. In the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21, this environment can be artificially made, and the ocean current in various directions reciprocating in the sea area where the tidal current is excellent can also be expected.

In addition, the artificial seamount 21 constructed by stacking a large number of blocks Among them, the various gaps generated between the blocks provide a bait field, a habitat, and a shelter field suitable for a variety of fish and shellfish. With these various sizes and directions, the seawater exchange is better, and various light environments can be made, and more attached organisms can be inhabited. The death of the plant plankton that has been propagated in the surface waters of the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21, the feces of the fish that have accumulated, etc., become humus and settle, and the supply is used as a bait. Therefore, it is expected that the adhering organism or the seabed organism of the bottom layer can be propagated.

Also, it is known that attached organisms or cockroaches on the surface of the block It becomes a bait for the formation of rocky reef fish and shellfish in the rocky reef ecosystem. By promoting the reproduction of the bottom fish, the effect of the reef of the artificial seabed mountain 21 is increased. Since the above effect is closely related to the magnitude of the projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current, a remarkable effect can be obtained in the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 shown in Figs. 2A to 2C.

The manufacturing method of such an artificial sea-mount mountain 21 is to be used by A method of dropping a block by an open barge (not shown) at sea. When the block is dropped, the bottom of the open barge that moves to the target position corresponding to the area (four places) of the cone structure 1 is opened, and the binding of the block tied to the hull is released, thereby making the plural The block is free to fall. In the present invention, a block group composed of a plurality of blocks in which a plurality of blocks are loosely connected by a rope or a steel wire is dropped from a sea surface to a target position.

As described in detail, before the block 10 is stowed on the open barge, as shown in FIG. 3A, the four blocks 10 of the slightly cube are arranged in a matrix of 2×2, and the through holes 10a penetrating in one direction are oriented. The same horizontal direction. In this state, The rope or the steel wire 11 passes through the through hole 10a, and the four blocks 10 are loosely connected in a ring shape to form the block group 10A. Next, the mutually connected block group 10A is horizontally placed on the cabin of the open barge, transported to the target position, and is dropped by the cabin to be dropped in the posture.

The four blocks 10 constituting the block group 10A are loosely tied to each other by calculating the rope or the steel wire 11 of a predetermined length to suppress vibration or rotation, and the block group 10A has no rotation or horizontal vibration, and is vertically vertical. Fall below. Thereby, the block group 10A can also greatly reduce the scattered amplitude in the seabed, and can be implanted as a target range. At this time, when the block group 10A is dropped, the method in which the projected area is larger is stabilized. Therefore, in the state in which the through hole 10a is horizontal, the surface of the through hole 10a is not dropped.

A model experiment was performed in which the optimum value of the total length X of the rope or the steel wire 11 when the block 10A was composed of the four blocks 10 was obtained. The water tank (not shown) used in the model test was made of glass having a length of 90 cm, a depth of 45 cm, and a water depth of 45 cm, and was in a still water state in which tap water was almost filled. The observation condition was that a mesh was placed on the side surface of a depth of 45 cm, and a film was taken by a high-speed camera in the horizontal direction, and the falling motion was recorded in detail. Further, a mesh is placed on the bottom surface of the water tank, and a photograph of the scattered state after the block is dropped directly above the water tank can be taken and measured. The scale is set to 1/200, the water depth of the actual sea area is 90 m, and the model size of a slightly cubic block of 2 m ^ 3 is a cube having 1 cm of a through hole having a diameter of 0.2 mm. Further, the specific gravity of the block 10 is adjusted to be 2.0 in accordance with the specific gravity of the physical block.

Pass the line of line 0.8 through the four blocks arranged at the corners of the square Each of the through holes of 10 (standard diameter: 0.148 mm) was completed by adhering the ends of the wires with an adhesive. Further, a plurality of block groups 10A are prepared, and the inter-area distance d (=the length of the rope/wire between the blocks) which is the interval between the opposing faces is used as the adjacent four blocks 10 The distance is different and the distance d between the faces is different. The inter-surface distance d is set according to the length L of one side of the block 10, and is assumed to be d = 0.0L to infinity d = ∞. d=0.0L is a state in which the four blocks 10 are fixed without a gap, and d=∞ indicates a state in which no binding is performed.

The block group 10A thus constructed is placed on the bottom surface of the sink At the center of the mesh, the center of the marker block is dropped, and the block group is placed at a fixed point of the plate glass placed on the water tank vertically above it, and is horizontally slid and dropped. Each of the block groups 10A was cast 20 times, and the distance from the center point of the bottom of the water tank to the center of the four blocks 10 at the bottom was measured, and the average value was the scattered distance D. The experimental results are shown in Figure 4A. For comparison, as shown in FIG. 4B, the case where the two blocks 10 are loosely connected to the block group 10C (FIG. 3C) is also measured. In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the horizontal axis represents the inter-surface distance d, and the vertical axis represents the average scattered distance D.

In Fig. 4A, when d = 0.0 L, the block group 10A is dropped by a sliding motion, a tilting motion, and a rotational motion, such as a single plate body, and the scattered distance D is 3.6L. At this time, when the block group 10A is dropped in the lateral direction, the square faces downward, but the lateral sliding therebetween becomes large. Conversely, when there is no bundled d=∞, the four blocks 10 become separate blocks 10 and perform sliding motion, tilting motion, rotational motion, and freely move to the bottom surface of the water tank, so the center point of the water tank is The average scattered distance D of the block 10 is 6. 7L. Further, when d=∞, if the direction of the through hole before starting to fall is arranged vertically (vertical) and starts to fall, the average scattered distance D is expanded to 8.4L. Further, the average scattered distance D of the state in which the block does not have the through hole (density) is reduced to 6.3L.

In contrast, when d=0.1L~5.0L, the average scattered distance D is suppressed. It is made in the range of 2.0L to 4.0L. For example, when d=0.1L, the average scattered distance is smaller than the 0.0L of adhesion, but the bundling is too strong, so the average scattered distance D from the center point is 3.6L. When d = 0.2L - 0.9L, the sliding motion, the tilting motion, and the rotational motion of each block 10 are appropriately restrained by the loose binding of the wires, and the falling posture is stabilized. Therefore, the interval between the top, bottom, left, and right will be equalized, and the four blocks 10 will remain in a state of being substantially horizontal, reducing the confusion.

Moreover, when bundled into d=0.5L, the scattered distance D is at least 2.14L. Even when d=2.0L~4.0L longer than d=0.9L and the scattered distance D is 0.9L, no particularly large difference is observed. Further, although not shown, when d = 5.0 L or more, the binding effect of four blocks is not obtained, and the average scattered distance D gradually increases. As the inter-surface distance d increases, it gradually approaches the scattered distance D at d=∞. From the above, it can be seen that by setting the inter-surface distance d to 0.1 L to 4.0 L, the average scattered distance D can be effectively suppressed, and the average scattered distance D is reduced by 25 to 40% compared to the unbundling.

On the other hand, when the block group 10C is composed of two blocks 10, as shown in the figure As shown in 4B, even if the inter-surface distance d varies from a wide range of 1 L to 7 L, the average diffusion distance D is about 3.2 L to 3.5 L, which is roughly uniform. Therefore, when the average scattered distance D is allowed to be large for the purpose of the structure, the block group 10C composed of the two blocks 10 can be used. In contrast, if average diffusion is required When the distance D is 3.2 L to 3.5 L or less, the block group 10A composed of the four blocks 10 may be used, and the inter-surface distance d may be set to 0.1 L to 4.0 L. Further, when a strict average scattered distance D is required, the block group 10A composed of four blocks 10 is used, and the inter-surface distance d is set to be 0.2 L to 0.9 L.

Set the interfacial distance d to 0.1L~4.0L, and use rope or steel When the filaments 11 loosely connect the four blocks 10 into a ring shape to form the block group 10A, the entire length X of the rope or the wire 11 is as follows.

X=6L+4×0.1L~6L+4×4.0L

In the block group 10A thus prepared, after being dropped into the sea, the respective blocks 10 are individually moved, but they are affected by the connected ropes or the steel wires 11, and the average distance is maintained shortly after the casting, and the fall begins. The pressure of the seawater subjected to the respective blocks 10 is equal, and the block group 10A moves and falls on the average with the sea current, and is implanted in the target range with high precision. Therefore, the block 10 for constructing the subsea structure can be stacked with high precision.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 1A, a single cone structure having a plane shape having an elliptical shape and a projected area S1 in the direction of the ocean current larger than a projected area S2 covering the direction of the ocean current can be used. The direction of the ocean current is precisely formed into a slender shape. Further, by repeating the dropping operation of the same block group 10A at the target position of the plural number, as shown in FIG. 2A, the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 which is partially and repeatedly arranged in a circular cone shape can be arranged along the edge. The direction of the ocean current is precisely constructed to be elongated. Furthermore, as will be described later, the second project (post-engineering) can be used only in the desired area of the artificial sea-mount mountain range (or the artificial sea-mount mountain range) in which the plurality of positive cones are connected by the first project (pre-engineering). Further overlapping the block group 10A and adding it to the necessary shape shape.

In the method of loosely joining such four blocks 10, application The force on the rope or wire 11 is small, so the strength required for the rope or wire 11 can be small. Moreover, the rope or the steel wire 11 is used only for the fall control, and therefore does not need to remain after being planted on the seabed. Therefore, it is preferable for the material of the rope or the steel wire 11 to use a material which does not remain for a long period of time, for example, a steel wire such as rust, or a cord of a biodegradable fiber such as cotton or hemp.

In this embodiment, it is calculated by the interval from the block 10A. The fixed length rope or the steel wire 11 loosely connects the four blocks 10 to form one block group 10A. In the case of the present embodiment, the two block bodies are simply connected to each other to form a block group, and the drop efficiency of the block body 10 is improved. Therefore, the construction accuracy of the artificial sea-bottom mountain range can be further improved. Further, if the construction accuracy is not emphasized, the block 10C can be formed by loosely connecting the two blocks 10 by the rope or the steel wire 11 having the length set by the predetermined inter-surface distance as described above (Fig. 3C).

Further, the block 10B (FIG. 3B) may be similarly formed by using three blocks 10 and using a rope or a wire 11 having a predetermined length, or a block group of five or more blocks may be connected. When three or more blocks 10 are formed, and one block 10 moves along a rope or a wire, the freedom of the block 10 that moves in opposition to the blocks 10 present on both sides can be restricted. Therefore, by setting the inter-surface distance D to the range of 0.1 L to 4.0 L, even in the case of 2, 3, and 5 or more, the average scattered distance d which is substantially the same as the four cases can be obtained.

Moreover, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the use of lifting can also be employed. The machine boat 100 is suspended from the sea by a method of hanging the block. The block group 10A (10B, 10C) to which the plurality of blocks 10 are connected in advance is stowed on the crane boat 100, and the crane boat 100 is moved to the target sea area. After the positioning, the position can be maintained, and the block group 10A is lifted by the hook 101 of the crane, and is released after the position is confirmed to be lowered. In this case, in addition to dropping the block group 10A to a predetermined water depth directly above the target point on the sea floor, the hook 101 may be cut and dropped. Alternatively, after the suspension is lowered to the position where the planting position can be confirmed, the block group 10A is cut off by the hook 101, and the block body is correctly set at the target point of the target point.

In order to improve the accuracy, the block 101 is temporarily suspended by the hook 101. At 10A, before the block group 10A is suspended, the lower end of the guide wire 102 near the center of the block group 10A is determined in advance as a guide, and the block group 10A is dropped or suspended. An ultrasonic transmitter or a water television can be placed on the weight of the lower end of the guide wire 102, and the condition near the target point is confirmed by the ship.

Furthermore, the cone structure 1 and the diagram shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C are constructed. In the case of the artificial sea-bottom mountain range 21 shown in 2A to 2C, in order to maintain the stability of the cone structure 1 and the artificial sea-bottom mountain range 21, it is necessary to secure the bottom area. Therefore, the block 10 must be diffused to some extent. Therefore, when the block 10 is piled up in the land portion of the cone structure 1 and the artificial sea-mount mountain 21 at the initial stage of the fall, it is not necessary to connect all the blocks 10 to the block group 10A (10B, 10C) to narrow the planting range. . When it is piled up in the upper part of the cone structure 1 and the artificial sea-mount mountain range 21, that is, only when it is within a range in which the scattered width of the block body 10 is naturally dropped, the rope or the steel wire 11 is loosely connected. The block group can be.

The block 10 constituting the block group 10A is used for inserting a rope or a wire The through hole 10a of 11 may be formed in at least one direction. For example, other through holes that are not staggered or staggered with the through holes 10a may be formed. When a fish reef composed of the block 10 is considered, it is preferable that a large number of through holes are formed for a concealed field, seawater exchange, and attached organisms.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C. Artificial seamounts. In addition, for convenience of description, one cone structure 2A is used for description.

In the present embodiment, a case will be described in which a new round cone structure 2A constructed in the seabed in the first project is added. In other words, as shown in FIG. 6B and FIG. 6C, the upper layer of the cone-shaped structure 2A constructed by the first project (pre-engineering) is centered, and the second project (post-engineering) passes through the apex of the cone. In the direction in which the ocean current is blocked, the block group 10A in which the plurality of blocks 10 are loosely connected is piled up in a region where the amplitude is narrower than the bottom surface of the cone. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5A, the additional block group 10A has a planar shape in which the spindle portion 2a (increased portion) having an axis in the direction of the sea current blocking the seawater is stacked and superposed on the cone structure 2A to construct an artificial seabed. Mountain range 2.

In this way, by stacking and increasing the block group 10A, stacking the overlapping spindles 2a, the projected area S1 of the cone structure 2A constructed in the first project in the direction of the ocean current is larger than the projected area S2 in the direction of blocking the ocean current (for example, 1.6 to 8 times) artificial seamount 2. Thereby, the surge effect described in the artificial sea-mount mountain range 1 shown in the first embodiment can be improved, and the effect of the fish reef can be improved. Further, by increasing the block group 10A in a critical range only within the necessary range of the installed cone structure 2A, the spindle portion 2a is formed, and the already provided cone structure 2A can be reused, and in the direction of the ocean current. Construction Slender artificial seamounts 2.

In the artificial sea-mount mountain 2 constructed as described above, the planting distance of the block group 10A can be shortened, so that a structure having a desired shape can be added to a desired region of the cone structure 2A. Further, the block group 10A that is loosely connected is different from the block 10 of the single body, and the establishment of the slope reversal drop can be rapidly reduced. Thereby, the block group 10A for constructing the artificial sea-mount mountain 2 can be piled up with a high-precision and steep slope angle.

Next, an artificial sea-mount mountain range according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 7A to 7C.

In the present embodiment, the loosely connected block group 10A can be piled up with high precision, and a wall-shaped plurality of protrusions radially extending from the apex of the right circular cone structure 3A constructed in the first project can be formed. Part 3a, 3b (additional part) (second project). Thereby, a slender artificial sea-mount mountain 3 is constructed in the direction of the ocean current. At this time, in the ridge portions 3a, 3b, the ridge portion 3a is formed over the entire length of the ridge line including the cone 3A in the direction in which the ocean current is blocked, and is formed only in the narrow line of the ridge line in the direction of the ocean current. Area. Further, in the inclined surface of the cone 3A, the other ridge portions 3b are formed to have a flow path (a slope of a cone) which is widened toward the bottom surface and narrowed toward the apex in the front surface region and the back surface region of the ocean current.

According to the present embodiment, by providing the ridge portion 3a, it is possible to change the projection area S1 in the direction of the ocean current to the already provided cone structure 3A larger than the projection area S2 in the direction of blocking the ocean current (for example, 1.6~ 8 times) artificial seamounts 3. Thereby, when the surge effect is improved, the effect of the reef can be improved at the same time. Moreover, by doing so, it is possible to focus only on the necessary scope. Instead of covering the block group 10A with the block group 10A, the entire surface of the existing cone structure 3A is covered. Therefore, an artificial sea-mount mountain range in which the shape of the cone has been set can be achieved, and economic benefits can be obtained.

Further, in the artificial sea-mount mountain 3, as shown in FIG. 8, the ridge portion 3b which does not affect the projected area is formed on the inclined surface on the side (front side) opposite to the ocean current from the wider bottom surface to The vertex becomes narrow and small. Thereby, the ocean currents in various directions such as tidal flow can be narrowed and pushed up to the top. The result is that the low-level humus (fine organic particles) is supplied to the attached organisms or fish that are inhabited in the middle of the artificial sea-mountain mountain, and at the same time, various ocean currents or light environments are created, and various fish species feeding fields and hidden fields are provided. , spawning ground, etc.

1‧‧‧Cone structure

S1‧‧‧Projected area of artificial seamounts in the direction of ocean currents

S2‧‧‧ projected area of artificial seamounts in the direction of the ocean currents

Claims (8)

A method for constructing an artificial sea-mount mountain range, comprising the steps of: forming a plurality of blocks having a substantially cubic shape with at least a through hole penetrating in one direction, and connecting the ropes/wires inserted through the through holes into a ring shape , making a plurality of blocks; setting the length of the rope/wire so that the length of the rope/wire between the blocks is on average 0.1 to 4.0 times the length of one side of the block; and connecting the rope/wire by the set length A plurality of blocks fall from the surface of the sea and accumulate on the bottom of the sea to construct at least a part of the artificial sea-mountain. The method for constructing an artificial sea-mountain mountain of claim 1, which has a stacking step of setting a projected area S1 of the artificial sea-mountain mountain in the direction of the sea current, as a projection in a direction blocking the sea current The area S2 is 1.6~8 times. The method for constructing an artificial sea-mount mountain of claim 1, further comprising a setting step of causing a length of one side of each of the plurality of blocks to be L, and a distance between the faces of the plurality of blocks facing each other is When d=0.1L~4.0L, the step of the full length X of the rope/wire is obtained by X=6L+4×0.1L~6L+4×4.0L. The method for constructing an artificial sea-mount mountain range according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: pre-constructing at least one conical structure on the seabed; In a direction that is substantially orthogonal to the ocean current and that is narrower than the bottom surface of the cone structure that extends through the apex of the cone structure and along the ridgeline, the stacking increases the rope/wire by the set length And the plurality of blocks connected to each other form an additive on the cone structure. An artificial sea-mount mountain range is a plurality of first cone structures constructed by stacking a plurality of stones/blocks into a substantially conical shape on the sea floor, and a part of which is repeatedly and linearly arranged in a direction blocking the ocean current. At least a part of the block is loosely connected by a rope/wire, and the projected area S1 in the direction of the sea current is set to a projected area S2 in the direction of the ocean current. 1.6 to 8 times. The artificial sea-mount mountain of claim 5, wherein the length of the rope/wire is set such that the length of the rope/wire between the plurality of blocks is on average 0.1 to 4.0 times the length of one side of the block. The artificial sea-mount mountain of claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of first cone structures has a bottom surface shape having a short axis in the direction of the ocean current and a long axis in the direction of the sea current blocking the seawater The circle is round or oblong. The artificial sea-mount mountain range of claim 5 includes: a plurality of second cone structures, wherein a plurality of stones/blocks are stacked in a substantially conical shape on the sea floor and repeatedly arranged on a straight line; and the addition portion is in Generally orthogonal to the direction of the ocean current, and the amplitude ratio is through the apex of the plurality of second conical structures and along the ridgeline a region in which the bottom surface of the plurality of second conical structures extending is narrow, and the deposition is increased by a plurality of stones/blocks that are loosely coupled by a rope/steel wire, wherein the plurality of first conical structures are formed by the plurality of second conical shapes The body structure and the above-mentioned additional part are formed.