TW201701758A - 加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具 - Google Patents
加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201701758A TW201701758A TW105107589A TW105107589A TW201701758A TW 201701758 A TW201701758 A TW 201701758A TW 105107589 A TW105107589 A TW 105107589A TW 105107589 A TW105107589 A TW 105107589A TW 201701758 A TW201701758 A TW 201701758A
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- heat
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- pest control
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- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(C)C)C1C(=O)OCN1C(=O)C(CCCC2)=C2C1=O CXBMCYHAMVGWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BRHDDEIRQPDPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-furanoid linalool oxide Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(C)(C=C)O1 BRHDDEIRQPDPMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDVNRFNDOPPVQJ-HQJQHLMTSA-N transfluthrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=C(F)C(F)=CC(F)=C1F DDVNRFNDOPPVQJ-HQJQHLMTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- IHPKGUQCSIINRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-ocimene Natural products CC(C)=CCC=C(C)C=C IHPKGUQCSIINRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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Abstract
本發明係以提供一種使用如所謂拋棄式暖暖包等的發熱體時，即使在保存等不使用時與含有藥劑之構件及發熱體共同密封，也可防止藥劑轉移至發熱體的加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具為目的。
解決手段為，可藉由一種加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具來解決，其係具備：藥劑保持部(1)，係保持具有揮發性且可防除害蟲的藥劑；容納部(2)，係封入有藥劑保持部(1)，且可放出藥劑；及發熱部(3)，係與容納部(2)的至少一側面固定，內含藉由氧氣發熱的發熱組成物(31)；甚而，可藉由一種加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具來解決，其中容納部(2)係在固定於發熱部(3)之容納部(2)的一側面之與藥劑保持部(1)相反之一側的面、或、與固定於發熱部(3)之容納部(2)的一側面同一面的至少一者具有連通內外的通氣孔(211)。
Description
本發明係有關於一種在屋內及屋外活動時，不使用電或氣體而是藉由化學反應熱使殺蟲性成分蒸散來忌避或殺害害蟲而加以防除的加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具。
向來，已知有各種不使用需要電或氣體等燃料的能源而在屋外活動時保護身體免於蚊、蠅、虻、蜂等害蟲之侵害用的防除具。
例如，專利文獻1中揭露一種對在具有通氣性的袋材1a內封入有可與氧氣進行化學反應而發熱之發熱材等的發熱體1之表面及背面黏貼含有殺蟲劑等的藥劑片2，可藉由發熱體1的發熱使含於藥劑片2的殺蟲劑等氣化的藥劑氣化材料、及收納其之容器。
又，專利文獻2中揭露一種在具有通氣孔6的收納容器5之內部具備經過化學反應而發熱的發熱體組成物3、及設於其外側的藥劑含浸體8，利用發熱體組成物的化學反應熱使含浸於藥劑含浸體8的殺蟲成分蒸散而使用的殺蟲器具及殺蟲方法。
[專利文獻1]日本特開平5-262602號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2001-316203號公報
然而，在專利文獻1、專利文獻2所記載的發明中，含有藥劑的構件由於是直接設於發熱體而使用，因此，在將如含浸藥劑的構件及所謂拋棄式暖暖包等的發熱材以包裝容器等的包裝構件共同密封而保存等未使用時，封入有發熱材之由不織布等構成的袋或發熱材所含之活性碳等的吸附材等會吸附藥劑，使得僅有含浸之藥劑的一部分可朝外部放出，從而衍生出僅以預先含浸之藥劑的量並無法充分地防除害蟲、或為了產生充分的防除效果而需過量地含浸大量的藥劑等問題。
因此，於本發明中，係以提供一種使用如所謂拋棄式暖暖包等的發熱體時，即使在保存等不使用時與含有藥劑之構件及發熱體共同密封，也可防止藥劑轉移至發熱體的加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具為目的。
〔1〕亦即，本發明為一種加熱蒸散型害蟲防
除具，其特徵為具備：藥劑保持部，係保持具有揮發性且可防除害蟲的藥劑；容納部，係封入有前述藥劑保持部，且可放出前述藥劑；及發熱部，係與前述容納部的至少一側面固定，內含藉由氧氣發熱的發熱組成物。
〔2〕而且，如前述〔1〕之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中在容納部中，在與固定於前述發熱部之一側的前述容納部的一側面相反之一側的面、或、與固定於前述發熱部之一側的前述容納部的一側面同一面的至少一者具有連通內外的通氣孔。
〔3〕而且，如前述〔1〕或前述〔2〕之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中在前述容納部與前述發熱部之間具備固定彼等的固定部。
〔4〕而且，如前述〔1〕至前述〔3〕中任一項之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其係密封於包裝容器內。
〔5〕而且，如前述〔2〕之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其係具有覆蓋前述通氣孔的蓋部。
〔6〕而且，如前述〔1〕至前述〔5〕中任一項之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中前述藥劑為擬除蟲菊酯系化合物或天然精油成分的至少一種。
根據本發明，使用如所謂拋棄式暖暖包等的發熱體時，即使在保存等不使用時與含有藥劑之構件及發熱體共同密封，也可防止藥劑轉移至發熱體。
1‧‧‧藥劑保持部
2‧‧‧容納部
21‧‧‧第一構件
211‧‧‧通氣孔
22‧‧‧第二構件
23‧‧‧蓋部
3‧‧‧發熱部
31‧‧‧發熱組成物
32‧‧‧包裝體
4‧‧‧固定部
5‧‧‧標識部
6‧‧‧黏著部
7‧‧‧剝離部
第1圖為本發明第一實施形態的立體圖。
第2圖為本發明第一實施形態的A-A線剖面圖。
第3圖為有關本發明第一實施形態之發熱部(一部分斷裂)與藥劑保持部的分解立體圖。
第4圖為有關本發明第二實施形態之發熱部(一部分斷裂)與藥劑保持部的分解立體圖。
第5圖為有關本發明第三實施形態之發熱部(一部分斷裂)與藥劑保持部的分解立體圖。
第6圖為有關本發明第四實施形態之發熱部(一部分斷裂)與藥劑保持部等的分解立體圖。
以下，就本發明之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具相關的複數個實施形態詳細加以說明。此外，由於以下所說明的實施形態僅為供實施本發明的較佳具體例，並非技術上加以各種限定；就本發明而言，在以下的說明中除非特別明述限定發明之意旨，否則並不限定於該形態。而且，若有表示說明中的範圍之表記時，係含有上限與下限者。
本發明第一實施形態之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具係如第1圖至第3圖所示，將封入有藥劑保持部1之容納部2的一側面設於發熱部3而使用。
藥劑保持部1為保持具有揮發性且可防除害蟲的藥劑之構件。藥劑保持部1的本體為具有內部有間隙的網目構造，可將前述藥劑以表面張力等保持於該間隙的構件。藥劑保持部1之本體的材質較佳為由例如聚烯烴纖維、芳綸纖維、聚酯纖維、維尼綸纖維、尼龍纖維、人造絲纖維等選出的1種或2種以上。又，藥劑保持部1之本體的網目可具規則性或為不規則性。又，就藥劑保持部1之本體的大小而言，可依據含浸之前述藥劑的量進行種種變更。此外，於本實施形態中，其為可含浸前述藥劑之單一層的片狀構件，而於其他的實施形態中，亦可設置支持藥劑保持部1以使前述藥劑不會從藥劑保持部1漏洩的層等而作成二層以上的複數層；再者，也可將片狀構件作成像沸石等具有複數個微小的孔的多孔質狀構件、或為了使前述藥劑更容易揮散而作成立體的網目狀構件、或者作成將前述藥劑保持於內部的容器。又，亦可在藥劑保持部1之發熱部3側的側面層合鋁、銅等具有良好之熱傳導性的金屬等的薄層構件，使藥劑保持部1更容易被加熱。
而且，保持於藥劑保持部1之具有揮發性且可忌避或殺害害蟲等而加以防除的藥劑為含有擬除蟲菊酯系化合物或天然精油成分的至少一種作為有效成分的製劑。若為此等成分，則對蚊、蠅、虻、蜂等的害蟲具有殺蟲效果或忌避效果等的防除效果，同時藉由來自發熱部3的熱使其更容易由容納部2向外部擴散，因而較佳。
就擬除蟲菊酯系化合物而言，作為天然擬除
蟲菊酯，較佳為除蟲菊素(pyrethrin)I<(1R,3R)-2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)環丙烷羧酸(1S)-2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2Z)-2,4-戊二烯基-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、除蟲菊素II<(1R,3R)-3-[(1E)-3-甲氧基-2-甲基-3-氧代-1-丙烯基]-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸(1S)-2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2Z)-2,4-戊二烯基-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、瓜菊酯(cinerin)I<(1R,3R)-2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)環丙烷羧酸(1S)-3-(2Z)-(2-丁烯基)-2-甲基-4-氧代-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、瓜菊酯(cinerin)II<(1R,3R)-3-[(1E)-3-甲氧基-2-甲基-3-氧代-1-丙烯基)-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸(1S)-3-(2Z)-(2-丁烯基)-2-甲基-4-氧代-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、茉酮菊素(jasmolin)I<(1R,3R)-2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)環丙烷羧酸(1S)-2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2Z)-2-戊烯基-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、茉酮菊素II<(1R,3R)-3-[(1E)-3-甲氧基-2-甲基-3-氧代-1-丙烯基]-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸(1S)-2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2Z)-2-戊烯基-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>，作為合成擬除蟲菊酯，較佳為丙烯除蟲菊酯(allethrin)I<2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基-1-丙烯基)環丙烷羧酸2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2-丙烯基)-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、丙烯除蟲菊酯II<3-(3-甲氧基-2-甲基-3-氧代-1-丙烯基)-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸2-甲基-4-氧代-3-(2-丙烯基)-2-環戊烯-1-基酯>、胺菊酯(phthalthrin)(別名：D-似蟲菊(tetramethrin))<(1,3-二氧代-4,5,6,7-四氫異吲哚啉-2-基)甲基=2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基)環丙烷-1-羧酸酯>、滅蟲菊(resmethrin)<(5-苄基-3-呋喃基)甲基=2,2-二甲
基-3-(2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基)環丙烷羧酸酯>、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)<3-苯氧基苄基=2-二甲基-3-(甲基丙烯基)環丙烷羧酸酯>、百滅寧(permethrin)<3-苯氧基苄基=3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸酯>、塞吩寧(cyphenothrin)<氰基(3-苯氧基苯基)甲基=2,2-二甲基-3-(2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基)環丙烷羧酸酯>、醚菊酯(ethofenprox)<4-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲基-1-(3-苯氧基苯基)-2-氧雜戊烷>、美特寧(metofluthrin)<2,2-二甲基-3-(丙-1-烯-1-基)環丙烷羧酸=2,3,5,6-四氟-4-(甲氧基甲基)苄基酯>、四氟苯菊酯(transfluthrin)<(1R,3S)-3-[(E)-2,2-二氯乙烯基]-2,2-二甲基環丙烷羧酸=2,3,5,6-四氟苄基酯>、賽扶寧(cyfluthrin)<氰基(4-氟-3-苯氧基苯基)甲基=3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-2,2-二甲基環丙烷-1-羧酸酯>等。而且，上述中更佳為百滅寧、苯醚菊酯、丙烯除蟲菊酯、胺菊酯、滅蟲菊、美特寧、四氟苯菊酯，甚而，最佳為美特寧、四氟苯菊酯。又，上述之擬除蟲菊酯系化合物可僅使用1種，或組合2種以上使用。
天然精油係由植物之枝葉、根莖、木皮、果實、花、花蕾、樹脂等取得之揮發性之油狀物，可藉水蒸氣蒸餾法、壓榨法、萃取法等自植物之各部位分離、純化而得。
精油之原材料舉例有各種，較佳為葡萄柚、天竺葵、迷迭香、茴芹、艾嵩油、依蘭、橙、香水榭、德國洋甘菊、白荳蔻、玉樹、快樂鼠尾草、丁香、香菜、西
洋柏、檀香、杉木、香茅醛、刺柏、薑、留蘭香、藥用鼠尾草、千層樹、肉桂、橙花、松針、羅勒、廣藿香、馬丁香、小茴香、黑胡椒、苦橙葉、香根草、胡椒薄荷、香檸檬、墨角蘭、柑橘、檸檬尤加利、萊姆、薰衣草、檸檬、檸檬草、紫檀、月桃葉油、桂皮油、薄荷油。由該等原材料獲得之精油對害蟲具有有用之忌避效果。
由上述原材料獲得之精油中係含有具有揮發性的各種化合物。葡萄柚中含有d-檸烯、香葉烯、α-蒎烯等。天竺葵中含有香茅醇、香葉醇、芳樟醇等。迷迭香中含有α-蒎烯、樟腦、1,8-桉葉油醇等。茴芹中含有(E)-茴香腦、檸烯、茴香醛等。艾嵩油中含有1,8-桉葉油醇、側柏酮、龍腦、樟腦、蒎烯、青嵩素(倍半萜．內酯)芳樟醇、橙花醇等。依蘭中含有芳樟醇、β-石竹烯、大根香葉烯D等。橙含有檸烯、香葉烯、β-沒藥烯等。香水榭中含有石竹烯、乙酸香葉酯、松油醇等。德國洋甘菊含有麝子油烯、母菊蘭烯、α-沒藥醇氧化物B等。白荳蔻中含有1,8-桉葉油醇、α-乙酸萜品酯、檸烯等。玉樹中含有1,8-桉葉油醇、α-松油醇、對異丙基苯等。快樂鼠尾草中含有芳樟醇乙酸酯、芳樟醇、大根香葉烯D等。丁香中含有丁香油酚、β-石竹烯、乙酸丁香酚酯等。香菜中含有d-芳樟醇、樟腦、α-蒎烯等。西洋柏中含有α-蒎烯、δ-3-蒈烯(carene)等。檀香中含有順式-α-檀香醇、順式-β-檀香醇、表-β-檀香醇等。杉木中含有羅漢柏烯、α-雪松烯、雪松醇等。香茅醛中含有香葉醇、檸烯、香茅醇等。刺柏中含有
α-蒎烯、香葉烯、β-麝子油烯等。薑中含有ar-薑黃烯、α-薑烯、β-倍半水芹烯等。留蘭香中含有(-)-香芹酮、二氫香芹酮、1,8-桉葉油醇等。藥用鼠尾草中含有α-側柏酮、β-側柏酮、樟腦等。千層樹含有萜烯-4-醇、γ-萜烯、α-萜烯等。肉桂中含有α-萜烯、檜萜、β-萜烯等。橙花含有芳樟醇、檸烯、β-蒎烯等。松針中含有α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、香葉烯等。羅勒含有芳樟醇、甲基草松腦、β-石竹烯等。廣藿香中含有廣藿香醇、α-綠葉烯、β-石竹烯等。馬丁香中含有香葉醇、乙酸香葉酯、芳樟醇等。小茴香中含有(E)-茴香腦、檸烯、甲基草松腦等。黑胡椒中含有β-3-石竹烯、δ-3-蒈烯、檸烯等。苦橙葉中含有乙酸沉香酯、芳樟醇、α-萜烯醇等。香根草中含有香根醇、香根草(vetiven)、α-香根草醇(vetivol)等。香檸檬中含有檸烯、乙酸沉香酯、芳樟醇等。墨角蘭中含有萜烯-4-醇、順式-水和檜烯、對-傘花烴等。柑橘中含有檸烯、γ-萜烯、β-蒎烯等。檸檬尤加利中含有香茅醛、香茅醇、檸檬醛等。萊姆中含有檸烯、γ-萜烯、β-蒎烯等。薰衣草中含有乙酸芳樟酯、芳樟醇、(Z)-β-羅勒烯等。檸檬中含有檸烯、β-蒎烯、γ-萜烯等。檸檬草中含有檸檬醛、橙花醛、欖香醇等。紫檀中含有芳樟醇、α-萜烯醇、順式-芳樟醇氧化物等。胡椒薄荷中含有1-薄荷醇、1-薄荷酮、薄荷呋喃等。桂皮油中含有肉桂醛、t-2-甲氧基肉桂醛、香豆素等。月桃葉油中含有1,8-桉葉油醇、萜烯-4-醇、對-異丙基甲苯等。薄荷油中含有1-薄荷醇、1-薄荷酮、薄荷呋喃等。
又，上述之擬除蟲菊酯系化合物亦可併用天然精油成分而使用。
如第2圖、第3圖所示，容納部2為封入有藥劑保持部1，且可放出前述藥劑的構件。於本實施形態中，容納部2為將片狀之第一構件21及第二構件22的外周部固定而成的袋狀之構件，而於其他的實施形態中也可作成盒狀等。
而且，於第一實施形態中，如第3圖等所示，在與固定於發熱部3之一側的第二構件22相反之一側的第一構件21中穿設有貫通容納部2之內外的複數個通氣孔211。由此通氣孔211，保持於藥劑保持部1的前述藥劑便可朝容納部2的外部擴散。如此，藉由將藥劑保持部1封入於容納部2，在保存或陳列於店舖之狀態等未使用時，前述藥劑不會吸附於發熱部3之發熱組成物31所含的活性碳等具有吸附性的材料或包裝體32，因此，便無降低防除害蟲的效果、或為了發揮充分的防除效果而將過量的前述藥劑保持於藥劑保持體1之必要。又，由於藥劑保持部1係封入於容納部2，而無法從外部取出藥劑保持部1，因此，也可防止乳兒、幼兒將藥劑保持部1放入口中之誤飲。此外，於第一實施形態中，第一構件21的通氣孔211係以長孔圖示，惟，只要藥劑可朝容納部2的外部擴散，於其他的實施形態中，可將通氣孔的形狀作成圓形、矩形狀等，又，亦可將第一構件21作成以複數之纖維編成的網目狀、或作為第一構件21亦可使用以目
視觀之未設有孔之可使前述藥劑穿透的素材。
而且，在容納部2的第一構件21上設有覆蓋通氣孔211的蓋部23，其為未使用時封閉通氣孔211的構件。在蓋部23的背面，亦即與第一構件21抵接的面上設有圖示的接著層，如第3圖所示藉由將蓋部23從第一構件21上剝除可使前述藥劑從通氣孔211中放出。藉由使蓋部23密接於第一構件21，對通氣孔211加以覆蓋，可防止前述藥劑從容納部2向外部擴散。因此，不使用本發明時，由於以蓋部23封閉通氣孔211，縱使在常溫下保存時，也可防止藥劑從藥劑保持部1不必要地揮發。又，可將蓋部23從第一構件21上完全地剝除而使通氣孔211全體連通容納部2的內外地敞開；又，亦可從容納部2予以剝除一半程度而使通氣孔211的一半程度同樣地敞開。如此，根據蓋部23的開閉程度，亦可控制前述藥劑從容納部2放出的量。此外，於本實施形態中，蓋部23係以1片的片狀構件表示，而於其他的實施形態中，只要可覆蓋通氣孔211，也可設置複數個蓋部23。
而且，於第二實施形態中，如第4圖所示，在固定於發熱部3之一側的第二構件22的外周部附近穿設有貫通容納部2之內外的複數個通氣孔211。藉由將比容納部2相對略小的發熱部3等固定於容納部2，在使用時前述藥劑便經由通氣孔211朝發熱部3側向外部擴散。而且，在容納部2的第二構件22上設有如長方形之角環形狀等至少可覆蓋通氣孔211的蓋部23，其為未使用時
封閉通氣孔211的構件。又，就蓋部23而言，亦可在第二構件22之外周的各邊上，設置4個排列於各邊之覆蓋複數個通氣孔211的長方形之構件。蓋部23之其他的構成或效果係與第一實施形態相同。再者，於其他的實施形態中，亦可作成在如第一實施形態之第一構件21穿設通氣孔211，同時在如第二實施形態之第二構件22亦穿設通氣孔211的容納部2。
又，於第一實施形態及第二實施形態中，雖未圖示，但在市售時，為了防止發熱部3因氧化而發熱，而需要將其密封的袋或盒等的包裝容器。又，袋或盒等的包裝容器可作成開封時無法再度密封，而為了將此等加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具的利用暫時中斷而隨後再度利用，亦可設置拉鏈等的固定部等、或採用可熱熔接一部分之素材的塑膠素材等而能夠予以密封。此時，袋或盒等的包裝容器的材料，為了防止氧氣等的穿透，較佳為例如聚酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇與乙烯乙烯基酯(ethylene vinyl)共聚物、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚丙烯腈等的樹脂薄膜、塗覆有這些樹脂的塑膠薄膜、由鋁等金屬構成的金屬箔或蒸鍍有該等金屬的薄膜，更佳為與後述之構成容納部2的第一構件21及第二構件22和蓋部23之材料相同者。
再者，於第三實施形態中，如第5圖所示，在與固定於發熱部3之一側的第二構件22相反之一側的第一構件21中以貫通容納部2之內外的圓形穿設有複數個通氣孔211。與第一實施形態不同，容納部2的第一構
件21上未設有覆蓋通氣孔211的蓋部23。因此，與第一實施形態或第二實施形態之加熱蒸散型害蟲驅除具同樣的是，在市售時，除第5圖所示之構成構件以外，還需要將此等密封的袋或盒等的包裝容器。此時，為了抑制前述藥劑從容納部2飛散，較佳使容納部2的第一構件21與包裝容器的內側密合而堵塞通氣孔211。從而，第三實施形態之包裝容器的材料較佳與後述之構成容納部2的第一構件21及第二構件22和蓋部23之材料相同。如此藉由作成不需要蓋部23之構成，比起第一實施形態或第二實施形態者，更可防止前述藥劑，尤為其中的有效成分轉移至發熱部3，同時可縮短製造步驟而能夠壓低製造所需花費的經費，並進一步具有所謂僅以開啟包裝容器之一次的作業即可立即使用的顯著效果。又，雖未圖示，但與第一實施形態同樣地，容納部2與發熱部3係藉固定部4固定。
而且，構成容納部2的第一構件21及第二構件22和蓋部23之材料較佳為例如聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、尼龍6或尼龍6,6等的尼龍、乙烯．乙烯醇共聚物、由聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯被覆雙軸延伸聚丙烯、直鏈狀低密度聚乙烯等的熱塑性樹脂、或層合有鋁、銅等具有良好之熱傳導性的薄層金屬構件的熱塑性樹脂所構成的薄膜、鋁、銅等具有良好之熱傳導性的金屬製薄膜，更佳為聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、尼龍、乙烯．乙烯醇共聚物的1種或2種以上。構成容納部2的第一構件21及第二構件22和蓋部23之材料若採用此等材料，則由藥劑保持部1揮
散之前述藥劑，尤為其中的有效成分便不易吸附於容納部2、蓋部23，而能夠向容納部2的外部有效地放出前述藥劑。
使用各種的材料作為容納部2，密封如第3圖等所示之網目狀的藥劑保持部1時，確認前述藥劑所含的有效成分向容納部2的轉移難易度。亦即，首先，使將作為有效成分的美特寧5mg以異丙醇稀釋成50μL的溶液含浸於藥劑保持部1，予以密封於由各種材料構成的容納部2，在40℃下靜置1週後，對藥劑保持部1及容納部2，分別使用甲醇50mL在25℃的溫度條件下進行12小時萃取。然後，對萃取後的甲醇溶液，藉由使用甲醇水溶液(甲醇：水=9：1)作為移動相並具備ODS管柱(信和化工股份有限公司製，STR ODS-II長度150mm、內徑6.0mm)的液相層析儀(島津製作所股份有限公司製，LC-2010AHT)定量其中的美特寧。定量係以使用鄰苯二甲酸二己酯作為內標準物質的內標準法來進行。其後，利用其定量的結果算出藥劑保持部1中之美特寧的殘留率及美特寧向容納部2的轉移率。將針對各結果各進行3次分析所得的算術平均值示於表1。
由表1可知，在由尼龍6與乙烯．乙烯醇共聚物組成之複合材料及聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯所構成的容納部2中，由於美特寧未轉移至容納部2而保留於藥劑保持部1，因此，即便不使用而長期保存，藥劑保持部1也可保有足量之前述藥劑的有效成分。
而且，就第二構件22而言，為替代上述樹脂成分，亦可作成鋁、銅等的金屬製構件。藉由將第二構件22作成金屬製構件，將容納部2設於發熱部3時來自發熱部3的熱更容易傳達至藥劑保持部1，而能夠使前述藥劑更有效地揮發。又，蓋部23的材料亦可實施有選自：對上述熱塑性樹脂蒸鍍鋁、二氧化矽、氧化鋁等的金屬、氧化金屬化合物；混練苯并三唑系化合物、二苯甲酮系化合物、水楊酸酯系化合物、氰基丙烯酸酯系化合物、鎳系化合物、三嗪系化合物等的紫外線吸收劑；經白、藍、綠色顏料或染料著色的至少1種加工。藉由對蓋部23之材料實施上述之加工而具有遮光性，由此可防止保持於藥劑保持部1的前述藥劑因紫外線等而分解的情形。
發熱部3係具有：藉由氧氣發熱的發熱組成物31及具通氣性的包裝體32者。發熱組成物31為藉由氧氣所產生的氧化反應而發熱的粉末狀或粒狀物質。具體而言，發熱組成物31為由金屬粉(例如鐵、鋁、鋅、銅等)、鹽類(例如氯化鈉、氯化鉀等的鹼金屬氯化物、氯化鈣、氯化鎂等的鹼土金屬氯化物等)、保水劑(例如蛭石、矽酸鈣、二氧化矽凝膠、氧化矽系多孔質物質、氧化鋁、紙漿、木屑、吸水聚合物等)、反應促進劑(例如活性碳、碳黑、石墨等)、水分等構成的複合物。而且，藉由調整彼等的摻混量，可某種程度地控制發熱時的溫度及發熱的時間。作為發熱部3，可使用屬市售之廣用品的所謂拋棄式暖暖包等。
包裝體32為具有可使氧氣穿透之通氣性的袋狀物，其內部可容納發熱組成物31。包裝體32的整面或者一部分具有不會使發熱組成物31漏洩之程度的孔，具體而言，可使用由紙、不織布、織布等具有通氣性的素材、或發泡薄膜、塑膠、天然橡膠、再生橡膠、合成橡膠、金屬箔等不具有通氣性的素材所形成的多孔質薄膜片等。其中，為了使發熱組成物31在袋狀的內部不偏不倚地向固定部4、第二構件22穩定地導熱，更佳使用使含有碳酸鈣等的微粒子的塑膠薄膜延伸而形成有微細孔的多孔質薄膜片。於使用時，便受到發熱組成物31的發熱使包裝體32被加熱，進而將該熱從包裝體32經由固定部4、第二構件22傳達至藥劑保持部1。
就本發明所使用的發熱部3，發熱時之外表面的溫度較佳為40至70℃，且發熱持續時間較佳為8至24小時左右。
固定部4為位於容納部2與發熱部3之間將容納部2與發熱部3固定的構件。於本實施形態中，固定部4為黏接容納部2與發熱部3而予以固定的構件。固定部4的材質較佳為例如丙烯酸酯共聚物等的丙烯酸系接著劑、胺基甲酸酯樹脂等的胺基甲酸酯系接著劑。又，就固定部4而言，於其他的實施形態中，亦可使用供固定容納部2與發熱部3的夾具、鈕扣等。
標識部5為以接著劑等固設於藥劑保持部1的外表面，可供使用者辨識含浸於藥劑保持部1的前述藥劑大概揮散之情形而標示的標識。標識部5係以例如二氧化矽(折射率1.45)、沸石(折射率1.48)、高嶺土(折射率1.56)、滑石(折射率1.57)、碳酸鈣(折射率1.58)、聚苯乙烯(折射率1.6)、聚乙烯(折射率1.53)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯樹脂(折射率1.49)等的白色或透明等的微粒子構成，如第3圖所示繪有「END」之文字。作為標識部5，於其他的實施形態中，可使用「(請更換)」、「(結束)」等日文及相當於其內容的外文文字、「×」等的記號等；又，亦可組合複數個此等文字、圖形、記號而構成。
當藥劑保持部1充分含浸有前述藥劑時，由於前述藥劑的折射率為1.4~1.6而為與構成標識部5之微
粒子的折射率同樣的值，因此，透過構成標識部5的微粒子接觸前述藥劑而浸潤，前述藥劑與標識部5同化，使用者便不易辨識標識部5。另一方面，當藥劑保持部1幾乎未含浸有前述藥劑時，構成標識部5的微粒子未接觸前述藥劑而是與周圍的空氣(折射率1.0)接觸，由此，構成標識部5的微粒子與空氣之折射率的差較大，從而使用者較容易辨識標識部5。又，為使標識部5更容易辨識，較佳使標識部5之微粒子的顏色、與藥劑保持部1的顏色相異。
又，作為第四實施形態，如第6圖所示，可作成可固定於身體或物品等的物體之構成。具體而言，同樣地具備第三實施形態所示之藥劑保持部1、容納部2、發熱部3等，且在發熱部3，在與容納部2側相反的面具備黏著部6、及覆蓋該黏著部6的剝離部7。此時，為了在發熱部3使更多的氧氣穿透而使其更發熱，容納部2的面積較佳小於發熱部3的面積。
黏著部6為用來黏貼於任意之物體的構件。作為黏著部6，較佳採用例如橡膠系黏著劑、丙烯酸系黏著劑、聚矽氧系黏著劑、胺基甲酸酯系黏著劑、聚酯系黏著劑、聚醯胺系黏著劑、環氧系黏著劑、乙烯基烷基醚系黏著劑、氟系黏著劑等。此外，於本實施形態中，黏著部6係具有一片的片狀，而在其他的實施形態中也可作成複數條獨立的帶狀。
剝離部7係為了防止在市售時黏著部6與袋
或盒等的包裝容器黏住等而使用之供保護黏著部6的構件。作為剝離部7，係以由例如上質紙、牛皮紙及聚酯薄膜等構成的基材、與由聚矽氧樹脂等構成的剝離層等的多層構造構成。其中剝離層係與黏著部6抵接。此外，於本實施形態中，剝離部7係作成與黏著部6大略相同大小的片狀，惟可依據黏著部6的形狀而作成各種的形狀。
將使用本發明第一實施形態之參考例1所示之由作為有效成分的美特寧及異丙醇所構成的藥劑、藥劑保持部1、容納部2，且具備發熱部3的加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，假設未使用時密封於由尼龍6與乙烯．乙烯醇共聚物構成之複合材料的包裝容器中，在40℃、一周的加速試驗條件下靜置後，與上述方法同樣地利用液相層析儀定量以容納部2密封之藥劑保持部1所殘留之作為藥劑之有效成分的美特寧，算出殘留率。又，同樣地，作為比較例，在未以容納部2密封藥劑保持部1而直接固定於發熱部3的狀態下予以密封於與上述相同的包裝容器中，在同樣的條件下算出藥劑保持部1所殘留之作為藥劑之有效成分的美特寧的殘留率。
其結果，於實施例中，以容納部2密封之藥劑保持部1中殘留有99.2重量%的美特寧，而於比較例中，未以容納部2密封而直接固定於發熱部3的藥劑保持部1中僅殘留有19.0重量%的美特寧。因此，於比較例
中，作為藥劑之有效成分的美特寧轉移至發熱部3等，開啟前述包裝容器欲實際使用時防除效果極低；相較於此，於本發明之實施例中，作為藥劑之有效成分的美特寧幾乎直接殘留於藥劑保持部1，開啟前述包裝容器欲實際使用時可展現所期望的防除效果。
1‧‧‧藥劑保持部
2‧‧‧容納部
211‧‧‧通氣孔
23‧‧‧蓋部
Claims (6)
- 一種加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其特徵為具備：藥劑保持部，係保持具有揮發性且可防除害蟲的藥劑；容納部，係封入有前述藥劑保持部，且可放出前述藥劑；及發熱部，係與前述容納部的至少一側面固定，內含藉由氧氣發熱的發熱組成物。
- 如請求項1之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中在前述容納部中，在與固定於前述發熱部之一側的前述容納部的一側面相反之一側的面、或、與固定於前述發熱部之一側的前述容納部的一側面同一面的至少一者，具有連通內外的通氣孔。
- 如請求項1或請求項2之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中在前述容納部與前述發熱部之間具備固定彼等的固定部。
- 如請求項1至請求項3中任一項之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其係密封於包裝容器內。
- 如請求項2之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其係具有覆蓋前述通氣孔的蓋部。
- 如請求項1至請求項5中任一項之加熱蒸散型害蟲防除具，其中前述藥劑為擬除蟲菊酯系化合物或天然精油成分的至少一種。
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