TW201733783A - 可撓性片、導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件、電磁波屏障、及製造可撓性片之方法 - Google Patents

可撓性片、導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件、電磁波屏障、及製造可撓性片之方法 Download PDF

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TW201733783A
TW201733783A TW105130024A TW105130024A TW201733783A TW 201733783 A TW201733783 A TW 201733783A TW 105130024 A TW105130024 A TW 105130024A TW 105130024 A TW105130024 A TW 105130024A TW 201733783 A TW201733783 A TW 201733783A
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sheet
carbon nanotube
flexible sheet
carbon nanotubes
flexible
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TW105130024A
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TWI619609B (zh
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瑪西歐 利瑪
井上閑山
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美國琳得科股份有限公司
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Abstract

本發明提供包含複合片之可撓性片，該複合片包含黏結劑及配置在該黏結劑中的含有複數個碳奈米管之聚集體，其中該聚集體形成為沿著該複合片平面上的單一方向行進的波形結構。所揭示之該可撓性片可用作為除了其他可能的用途以外的導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、電磁波屏障及/或加熱元件。

Description

可撓性片、導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件、電磁波屏障、及製造可撓性片之方法 優先權主張
本申請案係根據35 U.S.C.§ 119主張在2015年9月14日申請之日本專利申請案號2015-180950之優先權，將其揭示內容完整併入本文以供參考。
本發明係關於一種可撓性片及其應用。
曾使用碳奈米管叢進行製造含有碳奈米管的片材之方法(例如參考日本專利案號5350635)。在此方法中，例如碳奈米管叢先藉由化學蒸氣沉積方法(CVD)在基材表面上生長，且接著可藉由使用夾具將生長在基材表面上的碳奈米管叢之邊緣拉出片狀形式而形成碳奈米管片。
本發明關於可撓性片、導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件、電磁波屏障、及製造可撓性片之方法。
以碳奈米管片表現的碳奈米管聚集體可應用於以導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件及電磁波屏障表現的各種片狀成形產品。當此種片狀成形產品應用於例如穿戴式裝置時，則可能需要能夠彎曲、拉伸或類似的可撓性。然而，當片狀成形產品彎曲或拉伸時，則碳奈米管聚集體可能斷裂或碳奈米管可能彼此分離。當發生此現象時，則使片狀成形產品的性能受損。
因此及依照本發明的各種實施態樣，揭示利用碳奈米管聚集體之可撓性片，其中使碳奈米管聚集體的破裂及碳奈米管的彼此分離受到抑制。
下列的示例性實施態樣說明本發明的一些實施態樣，由此使許多排列及構型顯而易見。
示例性實施態樣1為包含複合片之可撓性片，複合片包含黏結劑及配置在黏結劑中的含有複數個碳奈米管之聚集體，其中提供聚集體形成為沿著複合片平面上的單一方向行進的波形結構。
示例性實施態樣2包括示例性實施態樣1之主題且另外包括支撐複合片之支撐片。
示例性實施態樣3包括示例性實施態樣2之主題，其中支撐片為彈性片。
示例性實施態樣4包括示例性實施態樣1至3中之任一者的主題，其中黏結劑包含聚矽氧組份。
示例性實施態樣5包括示例性實施態樣1至4中之任一者的主題，其中碳奈米管為金屬化碳奈米管。
示例性實施態樣6為導熱性組件，其包括示例性實施態樣1至5中之任一者的可撓性片。
示例性實施態樣7為導電性組件，其包括示例性實施態樣1至5中之任一者的可撓性片。
示例性實施態樣8為抗靜電組件，其包括示例性實施態樣1至5中之任一者的可撓性片。
示例性實施態樣9為電磁波屏障，其包括示例性實施態樣1至5中之任一者的可撓性片。
示例性實施態樣10為加熱元件，其包括示例性實施態樣1至5中之任一者的可撓性片。
示例性實施態樣11為製造可撓性片之方法，該方法包括拉伸彈性片，將未固化之黏結劑塗佈在拉伸狀態下的彈性片表面上，將其中複數個碳奈米管優先往一個方向排列的碳奈米管片設置在該未固化之黏結劑中，使得複數個碳奈米管的優先排列方向沿著彈性片之拉伸方向定向，釋放彈性片的拉伸狀態，及固化未固化之黏結劑。
根據一些揭示之實施態樣，提供利用碳奈米管聚集體之可撓性片，其中使碳奈米管聚集體的破裂及碳奈米管的彼此分離受到抑制，即使當可撓性片彎曲或拉伸時。
根據一些揭示之實施態樣，提供導熱性組件、導電性 組件、抗靜電組件、電磁波屏障及加熱元件，其可抑制由於彎曲或拉伸的性能受損，同時保持可撓性。
根據一些揭示之實施態樣，提供利用碳奈米管聚集體製造可撓性片之方法，其中使碳奈米管聚集體的破裂及碳奈米管的彼此分離受到抑制，即使當可撓性片彎曲或拉伸時。
10‧‧‧可撓性片
20‧‧‧複合
22‧‧‧碳奈米管聚集體
22A‧‧‧碳奈米管片
24‧‧‧黏結劑
24A‧‧‧未固化之黏結劑
30‧‧‧支撐片
30A‧‧‧彈性片
32‧‧‧黏著層
34‧‧‧釋離片
圖1為顯示示例性實施態樣之可撓性片的示意結構圖。
圖2為顯示示例性實施態樣之可撓性片在拉伸狀態下的示意結構圖。
圖3為顯示示例性實施態樣之可撓性片在彎曲狀態下的示意結構圖。
圖4為顯示示例性實施態樣之另一可撓性片的示意結構圖。
圖5A為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
圖5B為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
圖5C為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
圖5D為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
圖5E為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
圖5F為顯示製造示例性實施態樣之可撓性片之方法的製程圖。
示例性實施態樣將於下文詳細說明。在本文以〝從x至y〞表示的數字範圍包括在範圍內分別作為最小及最大值的x及y值。
可撓性片
根據示例性實施態樣之可撓性片10為具有可彎曲或可拉伸的可撓性之片狀成形組件。更特定言之，如圖1中所示，可撓性片10包含例如複合片20，其中含有複數個碳奈米管之聚集體22(在下文亦稱為〝碳奈米管聚集體〞)係配置在黏結劑24中，及包含支撐複合片20之支撐片30。換言之，可撓性片10係例如以疊層體建構，其中複合片20係疊層在支撐片30上。在此方面，可撓性片10可以複合片20之單層體建構。
複合片
示例性複合片20包括碳奈米管聚集體22及黏結劑24。碳奈米管聚集體22形成為沿著複合片20平面上的單一方向行進的波形結構。特定言之，例如碳奈米管聚集體 22可折疊以形成波形結構，使得波行進方向定向在沿著複合片20表面(與片厚度方向垂直的平面)的單一方向。形成波形結構之碳奈米管聚集體22在下文亦稱為〝波形碳奈米管聚集體〞。
換言之，在碳奈米管聚集體22中的複數個碳奈米管係以單向彼此接觸排列，整體形成片狀成形聚集體，其係配置在複合片20中。碳奈米管聚集體22具有沿著複合片20平面上的單一方向行進的波形。在碳奈米管聚集體22中的碳奈米管係排列在不與波行進方向垂直的方向上，但是在沿著波形的方向上。在此方面，碳奈米管聚集體22可包括排列在與沿著波形方向不同的方向上之碳奈米管。 再者，碳奈米管聚集體22可具有除了波形結構以外的結構，諸如線性結構及/或翹曲結構。如本文所討論，詞句〝碳奈米管聚集體22形成波形結構〞意指碳奈米管聚集體22顯出其中具有相同或不同尺寸的峰及谷不規則或週期性地出現的波形。
在碳奈米管聚集體22中的碳奈米管可具有束狀形式(例如碳奈米管可組裝以形成纖維狀結構)。亦即碳奈米管聚集體22可含有束狀碳奈米管。在其中碳奈米管聚集體22含有束狀碳奈米管的例子中，複數個碳奈米管的表面積與其中不含有束狀碳奈米管的例子相比而減少。因此，以下文所述之製造可撓性片10之方法的設置步驟中使碳奈米管片快速浸入未固化之黏結劑的塗膜中之可能性的觀點而言，以束狀碳奈米管存在於碳奈米管聚集體22中較 佳。在此方面，束狀碳奈米管不僅包括以束狀形式聚集之碳奈米管聚集體，且亦包括以纖維狀形式或帶狀形式之碳奈米管形成的線性體。
束狀碳奈米管的平均直徑可介於1微米與300微米之間，且在一些實施態樣中介於3微米與150微米之間，或介於5微米與50微米之間。在此方面，束狀碳奈米管的平均直徑意指以隨機的束取樣之10個外圓周的平均直徑。
在碳奈米管聚集體22中的碳奈米管可為金屬化碳奈米管。當碳奈米管金屬化時，例如複合片20的電阻值下降至約1/100。由此意指複合片20得到保有可撓性的低電阻。在其中碳奈米管呈束狀形式且使碳奈米管金屬化的例子中，表面金屬化之碳奈米管可形成束，或可使束狀碳奈米管表面金屬化。再者，可使具有金屬化表面的束狀碳奈米管之表面另外金屬化。
碳奈米管係藉由例如形成一或二或多個由具有從5奈米至500奈米厚度之薄膜所組成的金屬層而金屬化。金屬化可藉由例如蒸氣沉積、噴濺或濕式電鍍來進行。用於金屬化之金屬的實例包括金屬元素，諸如金(Au)、銀(Ag)、銅(Cu)、鋁(Al)、鋅(Zn)、鎂(Mg)和鐵(Fe)，及含有至少一種金屬元素的合金。
可形成用於碳奈米管金屬化之緩衝層，諸如鈦(Ti)層。
金屬化碳奈米管的特殊實例包括碳奈米管，在其表面 上以鈦層及金層或銀層按所提及之順序一個在一個之上疊層。
例如，以如下方式得到至少部分呈波形的碳奈米管聚集體22。亦即對其中複數個碳奈米管優先排列在碳奈米管片平面上的一個方向之碳奈米管片從優先排列之方向的兩端朝向中央部分施加壓縮力，使得碳奈米管聚集體22至少部分變形成波形。
碳奈米管聚集體22的含量可為例如相對於複合片20而介於10質量%與80質量%之間，或介於15質量%與65質量%之間。
可使用例如賦予複合片20可撓性的材料作為黏結劑24。可使用例如彈性材料作為此種材料。彈性材料的實例包括橡膠材料，諸如聚矽氧橡膠、胺甲酸酯橡膠、氟碳橡膠、丁基橡膠、丁二烯橡膠、異戊二烯橡膠、氯丁二烯橡膠、丙烯酸橡膠、腈橡膠、表氯醇橡膠、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠、乙烯-丙烯橡膠和天然橡膠。彈性材料的額外實例包括樹脂材料(例如熱塑性彈性體)，諸如聚矽氧樹脂、氟碳樹脂、聚胺甲酸酯樹脂、聚苯乙烯樹脂、聚烯烴樹脂和聚醯胺樹脂。
再者，可使用以溶劑膨脹可交聯聚合物所製備之凝膠作為黏結劑24。此種溶劑較佳地應具有低的溶解度參數，且可交聯聚合物較佳地應為脂溶性。
黏結劑24可根據目的而經適當地選擇，且可單獨或以其2或更多種之組合使用。
黏結劑24尤其可含有聚矽氧組份，諸如聚矽氧橡膠及聚矽氧樹脂。聚矽氧組份可提供碳奈米管可撓性且亦提供親和性。因此，當使用含有聚矽氧組份之黏結劑時，其可輕易地填充在碳奈米管聚集體22中的碳奈米管(或碳奈米管束)之間的空隙，可藉由黏結劑24增強碳奈米管(或碳奈米管束)的保持性。結果可改進複合片20的持久性。
黏結劑24可使用具有固化反應性的材料(例如冷固性或熱固性材料，或以輻射(諸如紫外光)和電子束固化之材料)、熱塑性材料及可溶於溶劑中的材料中之任一者形成。
黏結劑24的含量可為例如相對於複合片20而介於20質量%與90質量%之間，或介於35質量%與85質量%之間。
複合片20可含有除了碳奈米管聚集體及黏結劑24以外廣泛已知的添加劑(諸如抗氧化劑、UV吸收劑、著色劑、填充劑、抗細菌劑和阻燃劑)。
複合片20的厚度可為例如介於3微米與500微米之間，或介於10微米與300微米之間。
支撐片
可以例如具有可撓性之片材用作為支撐片30。因此，支撐片30可為例如以列舉為複合片20之黏結劑24的實例之材料所形成的片狀成形組件。其中使用彈性材料所形成的彈性片30A可用作為支撐片30。
特定言之，從與複合片20之黏著性(抑制自複合片20剝離)的觀點而言，使用與複合片20之黏結劑24相同的材料之彈性片30A可用作為支撐片30。特定言之，在其中複合片20之黏結劑24含有聚矽氧組份的例子中，使用含有聚矽氧組份(例如聚矽氧橡膠和聚矽氧樹脂)之材料所形成的彈性片30A可用作為支撐片30。
再者，支撐片30可為單層體或具有複數個分別自不同的材料所形成的片材之疊層體。在此方面，支撐片30可含有添加劑(例如抗氧化劑、UV吸收劑、著色劑、填充劑、抗細菌劑和阻燃劑)。支撐片30的厚度可為例如介於10微米與3,000微米之間，或介於50微米與2,000微米之間。
支撐片30不僅可疊層在複合片20的一個表面上，且亦可疊層在兩個表面上。
上文所述之本發明的實施態樣之可撓性片10可包含複合片20，其中碳奈米管聚集體22係配置在黏結劑24中，且碳奈米管聚集體22形成為沿著該複合片平面上的單一方向行進的波形結構。因為碳奈米管聚集體22可以折疊狀態的波形配置在複合片20中，當可撓性片10彎曲或拉伸時，則呈波形的碳奈米管聚集體22可藉由變形而膨脹成線性或幾乎線性狀態(參考圖3和圖4)。結果使碳奈米管聚集體22的破裂及碳奈米管的彼此分離受到抑制，即使當可撓性片10彎曲或拉伸時。亦即使碳奈米管聚集體22中的碳奈米管之間的連接狀況的改變受到抑 制。
結果可抑制關於利用可撓性片10的各種功能性組件由於彎曲或拉伸的性能受損，同時維持可撓性。
在其中可撓性片10另外包含用於支撐複合片20之支撐片30的實例中，與其中可撓性片10以複合片20之單層體建構的例子相比而改進對抗重複彎曲及拉伸的耐久性。在此例子中，若使用彈性片作為支撐片30，可增強可撓性片10的可撓性。而且，欲在下文所述之製造可撓性片10之方法中的拉伸步驟使用的彈性片可以其原樣子用作為可撓性片10，且在此例子中，有可省略自彈性片剝離複合片20之步驟的優點。
本發明的實施態樣之可撓性片10可具有黏著層32，如圖4中所示。黏著層32可疊層在複合片20及支撐片30中之任一者的表面上(與面對彼此之片材表面相反的表面)。當可撓性片10具有黏著層32時，變得更容易使可撓性片10設置在表面上。
釋離片34可疊層在黏著層32的表面上(與面對複合片20或支撐片30之表面相反的表面)。
製造可撓性片之方法
製造本發明的實施態樣之可撓性片10之方法可為例如圖5A至圖5F中所示之製造方法，其包含拉伸彈性片30A(拉伸)，將未固化之黏結劑24A塗佈在拉伸狀態下的彈性片30A表面上(塗佈)，將其中複數個碳奈米管優先往 一個方向排列的碳奈米管片22A設置在未固化之黏結劑24A中，使得複數個碳奈米管的優先排列方向沿著彈性片30A之拉伸方向定向(設置)，釋放彈性片30A的拉伸狀態(拉伸狀態-釋放)，及固化未固化之黏結劑24A(固化)。所揭示之製造可撓性片10之示例性方法的細節將參考圖形詳細說明。
在所揭示之方法中，可拉伸彈性片30A。特定言之，例如製備未拉伸狀態的彈性片30A(參考圖5A)。接著可將未拉伸狀態的彈性片30A平面上的一個方向之兩端夾住且在平面上往外拉引，以拉伸彈性片30A(參考圖5B)。在其中彈性片30A為矩形的例子中，可將彈性片30A的縱向兩端夾住且分別往縱向拉引，以拉伸彈性片30A。彈性片30A可藉由拉引彈性片30A的兩個邊緣而拉伸，或藉由固定彈性片30A的兩端中之一者且拉引另一端而拉伸。在此方面，可與經舉例作為支撐片30之彈性片相同的片材用作為彈性片30A。
可將彈性片30A以例如從150%至1000%之拉伸率(在拉伸後的彈性片在拉伸方向上的長度/在拉伸前的彈性片在拉伸方向上的長度)拉伸。
在此方面，在沿著優先排列複數個碳奈米管之方向與下文所述之碳奈米管片22A一起拉伸的彈性片30A亦可在與優先排列之方向垂直的方向拉伸。在其中碳奈米管片22A浸入未固化之黏結劑24A的例子中，當彈性片30A在與優先排列之方向垂直的方向上呈拉伸狀態及接著釋放 拉伸狀態時，則可增加在與碳奈米管片22A之優先排列方向垂直的方向上之碳奈米管的密度。
接著可將未固化之黏結劑24A塗佈在彈性片30A表面上，同時呈拉伸狀態。特定言之，未固化之黏結劑24A層可藉由將未固化之黏結劑24A塗佈在拉伸狀態下的彈性片30A表面上而形成，該塗佈係利用例如廣為已知的塗佈方法，諸如模具塗法、刮刀塗法、輥塗法、噴塗法、噴墨法和鑄塗法(參考圖5C)。
在此方面，未固化之黏結劑24A意指液體物質，其在硬化後變成黏結劑24。特定言之，未固化之黏結劑24A為例如含有具有固化反應性的材料(例如冷固性或熱固性材料，或以輻射(諸如紫外光)和電子束固化之材料)之液體物質、熔融熱塑性材料之液體物質及已使可溶性物質溶解於溶劑中的液體物質。
接著可將其中複數個碳奈米管優先排列在一個方向上的碳奈米管片22A配置在未固化之黏結劑24A中，使得複數個碳奈米管的優先排列方向沿著彈性片30A的拉伸方向定向。特定言之，例如可將碳奈米管片22A浸入在拉伸狀態下的彈性片30A上所形成的未固化之黏結劑24A的塗膜中(參考圖5D)。
碳奈米管片22A的浸入可進行很多次(例如2至300次)。換言之，可將複數個碳奈米管片22A(例如2至300片)浸入欲彼此疊層的未固化之黏結劑24A層中。在此方面，〝碳奈米管排列在片材平面上的一個方向之狀態〞為 其中碳奈米管之縱軸與碳奈米管片平面上的一個方向平行定向之狀態。再者，〝優先排列狀態〞意指佔優勢的排列狀態。亦即大部分呈排列狀態的程度，一部分的碳奈米管之縱軸可不呈排列在碳奈米管片平面上的一個方向之狀態。
碳奈米管片22A可藉由例如自碳奈米管叢邊緣拉出片狀形式之碳奈米管而形成(自基材以垂直方向排列生長之複數個碳奈米管的生長體，其有時亦稱為〝陣列(array)〞)。
在碳奈米管片22A中的碳奈米管亦可呈束狀形式(例如以纖維狀形式組裝之碳奈米管結構)。
碳奈米管片22A可為已接受稠密度處理之片材。〝稠密度處理〞意指例如將碳奈米管片22A中的碳奈米管一起成束(使複數個相鄰的碳奈米管聚集體成為束狀形式)或增加碳奈米管在厚度方向的現有密度之處理。
束狀碳奈米管(例如組裝成纖維狀形式之碳奈米管結構)可藉由對碳奈米管片22A施予稠密度處理(較佳為成束處理)而形成。稠密度處理的實例包括以下列處理而成束：(1)使碳奈米管片暴露於在常溫下為液體的物質之蒸氣的處理，該物質為諸如水、醇(例如乙醇、甲醇和異丙醇)、酮(例如丙酮和甲基乙酮)及酯(例如乙酸乙酯)，及(2)使碳奈米管片暴露於在常溫下為液體的物質之粒子(氣霧劑)的處理。
在其中以常溫下為液體的物質之粒子進行稠密度處理 的例子中，在常溫下為液體的物質之粒徑較佳為從5奈米至200微米，更佳為從7.5奈米至100微米，且另外較佳為從10奈米至50微米。
碳奈米管片22A可為藉由將大量的呈纖維狀形式或帶狀形式的碳奈米管片之線性體排列成片狀形式所形成的片材。換言之，可將用於碳奈米管片22A之大量的呈纖維狀形式或帶狀形式的碳奈米管片之線性體排列成片狀形式，以形成束狀碳奈米管(組裝成纖維狀形式之碳奈米管結構)。
碳奈米管片22A可為疊層複數個例如藉由自叢拉出所製造的片材之疊層體。當碳奈米管片22A為疊層體時，可獲得具有低電阻之複合片20。在此例子中，碳奈米管片22A可為複數個已接受稠密度處理的碳奈米管片之疊層體，或為藉由對疊層複數個自叢拉出所製造的片材之疊層體進行稠密度處理所獲得的疊層體。碳奈米管片22A可為藉由對複數個已接受稠密度處理的碳奈米管片之疊層體進行另外的稠密度處理所獲得的疊層體。此等疊層體可浸入未固化之黏結劑24A之塗膜中很多次，如上文所述。
碳奈米管片22A可包括一或多個金屬化碳奈米管。在此例子中，可獲得包括具有金屬化管表面之碳奈米管聚集體22的複合片20。
關於碳奈米管片22A之碳奈米管的表面金屬化，碳奈米管叢及片係在例如製造碳奈米管片22A之方法中藉由自碳奈米管叢邊緣拉出片狀形狀之碳奈米管而金屬化。在其 中形成束狀碳奈米管的例子中，金屬化可在束狀碳奈米管上進行。
碳奈米管片22A的厚度可為例如介於0.01微米與100微米之間，或介於0.05微米與75微米之間。
在拉伸狀態-釋放步驟期間，可釋放彈性片30A的拉伸狀態。特定言之，例如自其中在平面上已往外拉引之拉伸狀態下的彈性片30A在其平面上的一個方向之兩端夾住的狀態釋放，拉引的幅度逐漸減少至最終釋放彈性片30A之拉伸狀態(圖5E)。藉此方式將自碳奈米管的優先排列方向之兩端朝向中央部分的壓縮力施加至設置在未固化之黏結劑24A中的碳奈米管片22A。至少一部分的碳奈米管片22A係由於壓縮力而變形成波形。亦即可形成至少一部分呈波形的碳奈米管聚集體22。
接著將未固化之黏結劑24A固化。特定言之，例如可將其中配置至少部分呈波形之碳奈米管聚集體22的未固化之黏結劑24A的塗膜硬化(圖5F)。在此方面，關於未固化之黏結劑24A之硬化：1)在其中未固化之黏結劑24A為含有具有固化反應性的材料(例如冷固性或熱固性材料，或以輻射(諸如紫外光)和電子束固化之材料)之液體物質的例子中，硬化可在施予該液體之後藉由處於常溫下的材料而使具有固化反應性的材料之固化反應得以推進來進行或藉由施加熱或輻射至材料來進行；2)在其中未固化之黏結劑24A為〝熔融熱塑性材料之液體物質〞的例子中，硬化可藉由冷卻熔融熱塑性材料來進行，及3)在其中未固 化之黏結劑24A為〝已使可溶性物質溶解於溶劑中的液體物質〞的例子中，硬化係藉由將溶劑自已使可溶性物質溶解於溶劑中的液體物質蒸發來進行。
未固化之黏結劑24A可如上述方式硬化以形成黏結劑24，且黏結劑24保留碳奈米管聚集體22的至少部分波形。因此可維持呈波形之碳奈米管。
複合片20可通過上述步驟而形成於彈性片30A上(圖5F)。
隨後複合片20可根據需要而自彈性片30A釋離，且可將支撐片30疊層在複合片20的一個表面上而得到可撓性片10。在此方面，可將支撐片30疊層在複合片20的兩面上而得到可撓性片10。
另一選擇地，不自彈性片30A釋離複合片20，可製備利用彈性片30A作為支撐片30的可撓性片10。
再者，藉由自彈性片30A釋離複合片20可製備以複合片20之單層體建構的可撓性片10。在此例子中，具有彈性片30A及複合片20之疊層體為製造可撓性片10之中間產物，且彈性片30A可用作為製造複合片20之製程膜。
根據本發明的可撓性片10可用於各種應用中。例如，可撓性片10可用作為導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件及/或電磁波屏障。特別因為碳奈米管具有高導熱性，所以可撓性片10可用作為導熱性組件。因為碳奈米管具有低電阻，所以可撓性片10可用作 為導電性組件、抗靜電組件及/或電磁波屏障材料。特定言之，當碳奈米管的表面金屬化及複合片20的電阻降低時，其可適合於導電性組件。
有可能製造具有預定電阻之碳奈米管，同時確保導電性，使得其可藉由供電而產生熱。因此，可撓性片10可用作為加熱元件。
因為使碳奈米管聚集體的破裂及碳奈米管的彼此分離受到抑制，即使當可撓性片10彎曲或拉伸時，所以可抑制包括可撓性片10的功能性組件(導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、電磁波屏障及/或加熱元件)由於彎曲或拉伸的性能受損，同時維持可撓性。
因此，包括可撓性片10的此等裝置可利用在需要可撓性的裝置中，諸如穿戴式裝置。再者，可撓性片10可利用在其他的裝置中，例如其中可撓性片係配置在不平坦的表面上，諸如曲面或凹凸面。
實施例
一些示例性實施態樣係於下文以實施例方式更具體說明。應瞭解下列的實施例不以任何方式限制本發明的範圍。
實施例1
在實施例1中，製備具有1.6毫米厚度的聚矽氧橡膠片(WESLASTOMER，由Western Rubber & Supply,Inc.所 製造)作為彈性片。製備未固化及冷固性聚矽氧橡膠(SOLARIS，由Smooth-On,Inc.所製造)作為未固化之黏結劑。
接著拉伸彈性片，使得長度7.5公分的一部分彈性片拉伸至長度為初始長度的350%。將未固化之聚矽氧橡膠塗佈在拉伸狀態下的彈性片上至80微米厚度。將自碳奈米管叢拉出之碳奈米管片浸入未固化之聚矽氧橡膠的塗膜中。重複100次碳奈米管片浸入，使100片碳奈米管片浸入未固化之聚矽氧橡膠的塗膜中。隨後釋放彈性片的拉伸狀態。接著將具有於其中浸入碳奈米管片的未固化之聚矽氧橡膠的塗膜之彈性片貯存在室溫下12小時，使聚矽氧橡膠固化。
通過此製程獲得包含以複合片建構之疊層體的可撓性片，其中碳奈米管聚集體係配置在聚矽氧橡膠及彈性片(支撐片)中。
實施例2
金屬蒸氣沉積處理係在自碳奈米管叢拉出之碳奈米管片上進行，在碳奈米管表面上形成具有4奈米厚度的Ti層(Ti緩衝層)，且隨後在Ti層上形成具有60奈米厚度的Au層。
同樣地以實施例1獲得可撓性片，除了使用已接受金屬化處理的碳奈米管片代替實施例1中的碳奈米管片以外，惟進行2次碳奈米管片浸入，使2片碳奈米管片浸入 未固化之聚矽氧橡膠的塗膜中。
比較例1
同樣地以實施例1獲得可撓性片，除了如實施例1塗佈未固化之聚矽氧橡膠以外，不在彈性片上進行拉伸及拉伸狀態的釋放。
評估
進行關於在各個實施例中所獲得的可撓性片之下列評估。在比較例1中，在測量拉伸狀態下的表面電阻時，在約10%之拉伸率下於複合片中出現碳奈米管片破裂且在拉伸狀態下得到極高值的表面電阻。將結果顯示於表1中。
(觀察複合片)
在光學顯微鏡下觀察可撓性片的複合片，以確認碳奈米管是否形成波形結構。
(在拉伸前及在拉伸狀態下的複合片之表面電阻)
測量在拉伸可撓性片前的複合片之表面電阻。同時將可撓性片以250%之拉伸率(在拉伸後沿拉伸方向上的可撓性片長度/在拉伸前沿拉伸方向上的可撓性片長度)拉伸。測量在拉伸狀態下的可撓性片的複合片之表面電阻。
同時以下列方法測量複合片之表面電阻。將銅膠帶(〝COPPER COND TAPE 1/4英吋〞，由3M Company製 造)黏結在複合片的兩端且將銅膠帶與複合片以銀膠連接。將可撓性片的兩端分別固定在2片玻璃基材上。接著使用萬用表(非接觸式電壓檢測器，Extech Instruments Corporation)測量介於銅膠帶之間的電阻，且計算複合片之表面電阻。在拉伸狀態下的複合片之表面電阻係藉由擴大介於玻璃基材之間的距離來拉伸複合片而測量。
從上文結果確定在根據本發明實施例的可撓性片中，內含在複合片中的碳奈米管形成波形結構。再者，在拉伸前的可撓性片中與在拉伸狀態下的可撓性片中之間的複合片的表面電阻沒有可識別的變化。
在實施例2之可撓性片的例子中，內含在複合片中的碳奈米管經金屬化處理，且因此可達成降低複合片之表面電阻，雖然相對於實施例1的可撓性片而僅浸入2層碳奈米管片。
同時，在比較例1之可撓性片的例子中，其確定內含在複合片中的碳奈米管未形成波形結構。再者，在拉伸前 的可撓性片中與在拉伸狀態下的可撓性片中之間的複合片的表面電阻有顯著的變化。從此結果推斷碳奈米管的連接條件係由於內含在複合片中的碳奈米管片破裂及碳奈米管彼此分離而改變。
10‧‧‧可撓性片
20‧‧‧複合
22‧‧‧碳奈米管聚集體
24‧‧‧黏結劑
30‧‧‧支撐片

Claims (11)

  1. 一種包含複合片之可撓性片，該複合片包含黏結劑及配置在該黏結劑中的含有複數個碳奈米管之聚集體，其中該聚集體形成為沿著該複合片平面上的單一方向行進的波形結構。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之可撓性片，其另外包含支撐該複合片之支撐片。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之可撓性片，其中該支撐片為彈性片。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之可撓性片，其中該黏結劑包含聚矽氧組份。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之可撓性片，其中該碳奈米管為金屬化碳奈米管。
  6. 一種導熱性組件，其包含根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之可撓性片。
  7. 一種導電性組件，其包含根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之可撓性片。
  8. 一種抗靜電組件，其包含根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之可撓性片。
  9. 一種電磁波屏障，其包含根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之可撓性片。
  10. 一種加熱元件，其包含根據申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之可撓性片。
  11. 一種製造可撓性片之方法，該方法包含： 拉伸彈性片；將未固化之黏結劑塗佈在拉伸狀態下的該彈性片表面上；將其中複數個碳奈米管往一個方向排列的碳奈米管片設置在該未固化之黏結劑中，使得該複數個碳奈米管的該排列方向沿著該彈性片之拉伸方向定向；釋放該彈性片的拉伸狀態；及固化該未固化之黏結劑。
TW105130024A 2015-09-14 2016-09-14 可撓性片、導熱性組件、導電性組件、抗靜電組件、加熱元件、電磁波屏障、及製造可撓性片之方法 TWI619609B (zh)

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