TW201738256A - 蛋白質產生方法 - Google Patents
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- TW201738256A TW201738256A TW106111473A TW106111473A TW201738256A TW 201738256 A TW201738256 A TW 201738256A TW 106111473 A TW106111473 A TW 106111473A TW 106111473 A TW106111473 A TW 106111473A TW 201738256 A TW201738256 A TW 201738256A
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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Abstract
本發明係提供一種蛋白質的產生方法,該產生方法包含:在含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,將具有蛋白質產生能力的細胞,以附著於該奈米纖維狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,加以懸浮培養。
Description
本發明係關於藉由細胞培養產生蛋白質的技術。
近年,在生命科學的領域,藉由大量培養動物細胞而產生作為目的之有用蛋白質(抗體及疫苗等),將有用蛋白質以工業的規模產生成為非常重要。在使用動物細胞培養的有用蛋白質的生產上,抗體等是使用可以懸浮培養的CHO-DG44細胞等,疫苗等是以MDCK細胞或Vero細胞黏著於微載體粒子的狀態而培養。但是以CHO-DG44培養而生產蛋白質時必須在已經確立的多數的權利之限制下實施才可以。再者最近進行使用人細胞的人糖鏈修飾型的抗體生產法的開發,但開發中的PerC6細胞同樣有需要在多數的權利的限制下實施。又同樣的源自人的HEK293細胞是黏著性所以不適於懸浮培養。再者具有本身懸浮化並增殖的能力的細胞,有癌化的風險之故,為無法出現相當於後CHO-DG44細胞的細胞的狀況。
另一方面,在疫苗生產上使用的微載體法,係將MDCK細胞或Vero細胞接著於載體表面而培養
的方法。在此方法的情況,有需要攪拌培養,但因該攪拌造成載體彼此的衝突的表面上的細胞障礙成為問題。此細胞障礙對蛋白生產效率會給予不好的影響,所以有確立其代替的新懸浮培養法的需求。
本發明者等有報告,關於細胞的培養,特別是藉由動物細胞的適合於蛋白質的高產生化的蛋白質產生促進劑及含有該蛋白質產生促進劑的培養基,使用該蛋白質產生促進劑及含有該蛋白質產生促進劑的培養基的蛋白質的製造方法(專利文獻1)。
又,有報告指出,將包含纖維素及幾丁質等多糖類的奈米纖維(nano-fiber)混合於液體培養基中,在實質上不提高該液體培養基的黏度,而可將動植物細胞及/或組織在靜置的狀態下懸浮培養,藉由使用此培養基組成物培養則細胞的增殖活性亢進(專利文獻2)。
[專利文獻1]WO 2014/030726 A1
[專利文獻2]WO 2015/111686 A1
本發明係以提供將使用懸浮培養的黏著性細胞的蛋白質生產,更有效率化的技術作為課題。
本發明者等經過精心檢討的結果,發現:在含有包含纖維素及幾丁等多糖類的奈米纖維的液體培養基中,將黏著於該奈米纖維蛋白質產生細胞,在攪拌條件下,藉由懸浮培養,則蛋白質產生量顯著增大,而達到本發明的完成。
即,本發明如下:
[1]一種蛋白質的產生方法,其包含:在含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,將有蛋白質產生能力的細胞,以黏著於該奈米纖維的狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,加以懸浮培養。
[2]如在[1]項中所述的方法,其中,該奈米纖維是由纖維素、幾丁質及幾丁聚醣所成群組選出的任一種的非水溶性多糖類所構成。
[3]如在[1]項中所述的方法,其中,該奈米纖維是幾丁質奈米纖維。
[4]如在[3]項中所述的方法,其中,培養基組成物中的幾丁質奈米纖維的含有量是0.003至0.1%(重量/容量)。
[5]如在[1]項至[4]項的任一項中所述的方法,其中,該細胞是黏著細胞。
[6]一種細胞的增殖方法,其包含:在含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,將細胞以附著於該奈米纖維的狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,加以懸浮培養。
[7]如[6]項中所述的方法,其中,該奈米纖維是由包含
纖維素、幾丁質及幾丁聚醣所成群組選出的任一種的非水溶性多糖類所構成。
[8]如在[6]項中所述的方法,其中,該奈米纖維是幾丁質奈米纖維。
[9]如在[8]項中所述的方法,其中,培養基組成物中的幾丁質奈米纖維的含有量是0.003至0.1%(重量/容量)。
[10]如[6]項至[9]項的任一項中所述的方法,其中,該細胞是黏著細胞。
依據本發明,則可有效率的使細胞增殖,實施酶、細胞增殖因子、抗體等蛋白質的大量生產。
以下,更詳細說明本發明。
在本說明書所使用的用語定義如下。
本發明中的細胞是構成動物或植物的最基本的單元,作為其要素而在細胞膜的內部有細胞質及各種的胞器。這時,內包DNA的核是,含在或不含在細胞內部都可以。例如,在本發明中源自動物的細胞,包含精子及卵子等生殖細胞、構成生體的體細胞、幹細胞、前驅細胞、由生體分離的癌細胞、由生體分離的獲得不死化能力而在體外可安定維持的細胞(細胞株)、由生體分離的人為的改變基因所成的細胞,由生體分離的人為的交換核的細胞
等。構成生體的體細胞的例而言,不限定於下述者,包含纖維母細胞、骨髓細胞、B淋巴球、T淋巴球、嗜中性球、紅血球、血小板、巨噬細胞、單核球(monocyte)、骨細胞、骨髓細胞、外被細胞(pericyte)、樹狀細胞(dendritic cell)、角質細胞、脂肪細胞、間葉細胞、上皮細胞、表皮細胞、內皮細胞、血管內皮細胞、肝實質細胞、軟骨細胞、卵丘細胞、神經系細胞、神經膠細胞、神經元細胞、寡樹突膠細胞(oligodendrocyte)、微神經膠細胞、星狀膠細胞、心臟細胞、食道細胞、肌肉細胞(例如,平滑肌細胞或骨骼肌細胞)、胰臟貝他細胞、黑色素細胞、造血前驅細胞,及單核細胞(mononuclear cell)等。該體細胞是包含由皮膚、腎臟、脾臟、副腎、肝臟、肺、卵巢、胰臟、子宮、胃、結腸、小腸、大腸、脾臟、膀胱、前列腺、精巢、胸腺、肌肉、結締組織、骨、軟骨、血管組織、血液、心臟、眼、腦或神經組織等任意的組織採取的細胞。幹細胞是兼備複製本身的能力及分化成為其他的複數個系統的細胞的能力的細胞,其例而言,不限定於下列,包含胚幹細胞(ES細胞)、胚性腫瘤細胞、胚性生殖幹細胞、誘導性多潛能幹細胞(iPS細胞)、神經幹細胞、造血幹細胞、間葉系幹細胞、肝幹細胞、胰幹細胞、肌幹細胞、生殖幹細胞、腸幹細胞、癌幹細胞、毛囊幹細胞等。前驅細胞是由前述幹細胞分化成為特定的體細胞或生殖細胞的中途階段的細胞。癌細胞是由體細胞衍生而獲得無限的增殖能力的細胞。細胞株是在生體外以人為的操作而獲得無限的增殖能力的細胞,其例而
言,不限定於下列,包含CHO(中國倉鼠卵巢細胞株)、HCT116、Huh7、HEK293(人胎兒腎細胞)、HeLa(人子宮癌細胞株)、HepG2(人肝癌細胞株)、UT7/TPO(人白血病細胞株)、MDCK、MDBK、BHK、C-33A、HT-29、AE-1、3D9、Ns0/1、Jurkat、NIH3T3、PC12、S2、Sf9、Sf21、HighFive(登錄商標)、Vero等。
在本發明中源自植物的細胞,包含由植物體的各組織分離的細胞,也包含由該細胞人為的除去細胞壁的原生質體。
本發明中的組織是有幾種不同性質或功能的細胞以一定的模式聚合的構造的單元,動物的組織的例而言,包含上皮組織、結締組織、肌組織、神經組織等。植物的組織的例而言,包含分生組織(meristem)、表皮組織、同化組織、葉肉組織、輸導組織、機械組織、薄壁組織(parenchyma)、去分化的細胞塊(癒合組織(callus))等。
培養細胞及/或組織時,要培養的細胞及/或組織,可由前述的細胞及/或組織任意選擇而培養。細胞及/或組織可由動物或植物體直接採取。細胞及/或組織亦可藉由施行特定的處理而由動物或植物體衍生、生長、或形質轉換後採取。此時,該處理可在生體內亦可在生體外。動物而言,例如可舉魚類、兩棲類、爬蟲類、鳥類、泛甲殼類、六腳類、哺乳類等。哺乳動物的例而言,並沒有限定,但可舉大鼠、小鼠、兔、天竺鼠、松鼠、倉鼠、田鼠、鴨嘴獸、海豚、鯨魚、狗、貓、山羊、牛、馬、羊、豬、
象、狨(common marmoset)、松鼠猴、恆河獼猴(Macaca mulatta)、黑猩猩及人。植物而言,採取細胞及/或組織只要為可以液體培養者即可,無特別的限定。例如,可舉生產生藥類(例如,皂素(saponin)、生物鹼類,小蘗鹼(berberine),莨菪苷(scopolin),植物固醇等)的植物(例如,藥用人參、長春花、天仙子、黃連、顛茄等),及可成為生產化粧品、食品原料的色素及多醣體(例如,花青素、紅花色素、茜草色素、番紅花色素、黃酮類等)的植物(例如,藍莓、紅花、西洋茜草、番紅花等)、或生產醫藥品原體的植物等,但不限定於這些。
本發明中,細胞的懸浮,係指細胞對培養容器為不黏著的狀態(非黏著)而言。再者,在本發明中,使細胞增殖、分化或維持時,對液體培養基組成物不伴隨由外部的壓力或振動或在該組成物中的振盪、迴轉操作等而細胞在該液體培養基組成物中均勻分散尚且呈懸浮狀態的狀態稱之為「懸浮靜置」,在該狀態培養細胞稱之為「懸浮靜置培養」。在「懸浮靜置」中可使其懸浮的期間而言,至少5分鐘以上,理想是1小時以上、24小時以上、48小時以上、6日以上、21日以上等,但只要能保持懸浮狀態則不限定於這些期間。
在本發明所用的培養基組成物中所含有的奈米纖維,係在液體培養基中,表現使細胞懸浮的效果者。例如,
將包含高分子化合物的較大的纖維構造體藉由高壓處理等經微細化而得的奈米纖維等,可舉為在本發明的方法所使用的培養基組成物中所含的奈米纖維。
在本說明書中,奈米纖維係指平均纖維徑(D)是0.001至1.00μm的纖維。在本發明所用的奈米纖維的平均纖維徑,理想是0.005至0.50μm,較理想是0.01至0.05μm,更理想是0.01至0.02μm。平均纖維徑未達0.001μm時,由於奈米纖維過於微細而恐有得不到懸浮效果,有不能導致於含有該奈米纖維的培養基組成物的特性改善的可能性。
在本發明所用的奈米纖維的縱橫比(L/D),由平均纖維長/平均纖維徑而得,通常是2至500,理想是5至300,較理想是10至250。縱橫比未達2時,缺乏在培養基組成物中的分散性,恐有得不到充分的懸浮作用。超過500時,表示纖維長是極大之意,由於使該組成物的黏度上升而恐有在培養基更換等繼代操作時產生障礙。又,培養基組成物會不容易通過可見光而導致透明性的降低,培養細胞的經時性觀察有困難及在使用吸光.螢光.發光等的細胞評估上有產生障礙的可能性。
又,本說明書中,奈米纖維的平均纖維徑(D)是由如下述的方法求得。首先將應研商事(股)製火綿膠(collodion)支持膜以日本電子(股)製離子清潔劑(JIC-410)施加3分鐘親水化處理,將評估對象的奈米纖維分散液(以超純水稀釋)滴下數滴,在室溫乾燥。將此以(股)日立製作
所製穿透型電子顯微鏡(TEM,H-8000)(10,000倍)在加速電壓200kV觀察,使用所得的影像,對標本數:200至250根的奈米纖維測定一根一根的纖維徑,設其數平均值為平均纖維徑(D)。
又,平均纖維長(L)是如下述求得。將評估對象的奈米纖維分散液以純水稀釋成100ppm,使用超音波洗淨機使奈米纖維分散均勻。將此奈米纖維分散液澆鑄在預先以濃硫酸將表面親水化處理過的矽晶圓上,在110℃乾燥1小時作為試料。使用所得的試料以日本電子(股)製掃描型電子顯微鏡(SEM,JSM-7400F)(2,000倍)觀察的影像,對於標本數:150至250根的奈米纖維測定一根一根的纖維長,設其數平均值為平均纖維長(L)。
本發明所用的奈米纖維,與液體培養基混合時,保持一次纖維徑之同時該奈米纖維在該液體中均勻分散,由於細胞附著於分散的奈米纖維,而防止細胞的沈降。
構成奈米纖維的原料是非水溶性多糖類。非水溶性多糖類而言,可舉纖維素、半纖維素等纖維素類;幾丁質、幾丁聚醣等幾丁質等,但不限定於這些。
纖維素是葡萄糖的6員環的D-葡萄吡喃糖經β-1,4糖苷鍵合的天然高分子化合物。原料而言,例如,可使用木材、竹、麻、黃麻、洋麻、綿、農作物.食物殘渣等源自植物的纖維素,或細菌纖維素、樹枝藻屬(Cladophora)、灰胞藻屬(Glaucocystis)、法囊藻(Valonia),
海鞘纖維素(tunicate cellulose)等,微生物產生或動物產生的纖維素。源自植物的纖維素是名為微原纖維(microfibril)的非常細的纖維再成束而形成原纖維(fibril)、薄層(lamella)、纖維細胞之階段式的高次構造。又,細菌纖維素是細菌細胞分泌的纖維素的微原纖維,以其原有的粗細而形成微細的網目構造。
在本發明中,綿或細菌纖維素等高純度的纖維素原料可以原料的原狀使用,但此以外的源自植物的纖維素等,使用經單離.精製者為理想。在本發明中可合適使用的纖維素是綿纖維素、細菌纖維素、牛皮紙漿(kraft pulp)纖維素、微結晶纖維素等。尤其是,由於有高懸浮作用,可合適使用牛皮紙漿纖維素。
幾丁質意指,由包含幾丁質及幾丁聚醣所成群組選出的1種以上的糖質。構成幾丁質及幾丁聚醣的主要的糖單元,各分別為N-乙醯葡萄糖胺及葡萄糖胺,一般而言,N-乙醯葡萄糖胺的含有量多、對酸性水溶液係難溶性者為幾丁質;葡萄糖胺的含有量多、對酸性水溶液係可溶性者為幾丁聚醣。在本說明書中,為了方便起見,將構成糖中所占的N-乙醯葡萄糖胺的比率是50%以上者為幾丁質,未達50%者為幾丁聚醣。由要達成高懸浮作用之觀點而言,構成幾丁質的糖單元中所占的N-乙醯葡萄糖胺的比率是越高越理想。構成幾丁質的糖單元中所占的N-乙醯葡萄糖胺的比率,理想是80%以上,較理想是90%以上,更理想是98%以上,最理想是100%。
幾丁質的原料而言,例如,可使用蝦、蟹、昆蟲、貝、菇等,多種的生物資源。在本發明所用的幾丁質,可以是源自蟹殼及蝦殼的幾丁質等有α型的結晶構造的幾丁質,亦可為源自烏賊骨的幾丁質等有β型的結晶構造的幾丁質。蟹及蝦的外殼是多被當作產業廢棄物而處裡,由入手容易並且有效利用的觀點而言作為原料為理想,但為了要除去作為不純物而含有的蛋白質及灰分等而需要脫蛋白製程及去灰分製程。於是,在本發明中,使用已經施加過去基質處理的精製幾丁質為理想。精製幾丁質在市場上銷售。
在本發明所用的培養基組成物,含有由上述原料所調製的奈米纖維。
奈米纖維的原料是非水溶性的高分子化合物(例如,纖維素、幾丁質等非水溶性多糖類)時,通常,藉由將該原料粉碎,而得奈米纖維。粉碎方法是沒有限定,但微細化至符合本發明的目的之後述的纖維徑.纖維長,則使用高壓均質機、研磨機(石臼)、或珠磨機等介質攪拌研磨機等,可得強剪斷力的方法為理想。
這些方法中,以使用高壓均質機作微細化為理想,例如使用日本專利特開2005-270891號公報或日本專利第5232976號所說明的濕式粉碎法作微細化(粉碎化)為理想。具體而言,將經分散原料的分散液,由一對的噴
嘴以高壓各分別噴射使其衝突,而粉碎原料者,例如可藉由使用星暴系統(Starburst System)((股)Sugino Machine製的高壓粉碎裝置)或Nano Vater(吉田機械興業(股)的高壓粉碎裝置)而實施。
使用前述的高壓均質機而將原料微細化(粉碎化)時,微細化或均質化的程度,依賴於高壓均質機向超高壓室壓送的壓力、及通過超高壓室的次數(處理次數)、及水分散液中的原料濃度。壓送壓力(處理壓力),通常是50至250MPa,理想是150至245MPa。壓送壓力未達50MPa時,奈米纖維的微細化不充分,恐有得不到由微細化所期待的效果。
又,微細化處理時的水分散液中的原料濃度是0.1質量%至30質量%,理想是1質量%至10質量%。水分散液中的原料濃度未達0.1質量%時生產性低,比30質量%更高的濃度則粉碎效率低,不能得到所求的奈米纖維。微細化(粉碎化)的處理次數,沒有特別的限定,也視前述水分散液中的原料濃度而定,但原料濃度是0.1至1質量%時,處理次數是10至100次左右即可充分微細化,但在1至10質量%時,則需要10至1000次左右。又,超過30質量%之高濃度時,需要數千次以上的處理次數,或高黏度化進行到操作發生障礙的程度,由工業的觀點而言不實在。
在本發明的培養基組成物中的奈米纖維濃度,在促進培養的細胞的蛋白質產生及/或增殖的可能範圍
內,可以適宜設定。
幾丁質奈米纖維的情況時,通常以0.003至0.1%(重量/容量),理想是0.003至0.03%(重量/容量),較理想是0.01至0.03%(重量/容量)的濃度添加於培養基中即可。
纖維素奈米纖維的情況時,通常以0.0001%至1.0%(重量/容量),例如0.0005%至1.0%(重量/容量),理想是0.001%至0.5%(重量/容量),較理想是0.01%至0.1%(重量/容量),更理想是0.01%至0.05%(重量/容量)的濃度添加於培養基中即可。
纖維素奈米纖維中的紙漿纖維素奈米纖維的情況時,培養基中的濃度的下限值,理想是0.01%(重量/容量)以上,0.015%(重量/容量)以上,0.02%(重量/容量)以上,0.025%(重量/容量)以上,或,0.03%(重量/容量)以上。又,紙漿纖維素奈米纖維的情況時,培養基中的濃度的上限值,理想是0.1%(重量/容量)以下,或0.04%(重量/容量)以下。
微結晶纖維素奈米纖維的情況時,培養基中的濃度的下限值,理想是0.01%(重量/容量)以上,0.03%(重量/容量)以上,或0.05%(重量/容量)以上。又,微結晶纖維素奈米纖維的情況時,培養基中的濃度的上限值,理想是0.1%(重量/容量)以下。
對於纖維素奈米纖維、幾丁質奈米纖維等的非水溶性的奈米纖維,通常,如是在0.1%(重量/容量)以下的濃度,則可在實質上不提高培養基組成物的黏度處理。
培養對象的細胞是源自動物(尤其是哺乳動物)的情況時,可使用在動物細胞(理想是,哺乳動物細胞)培養上通常使用的培養基。例如可舉Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium;(DMEM),Ham F12培養基(Ham’s Nutrient Mixture F12),DMEM/F12培養基、McCoy 5A培養基(McCoy’s 5A medium)、Eagle MEM培養基(Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium;EMEM)、α MEM培養基(alpha Modified Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium;α MEM)、MEM培養基(Minimum Essential Medium)、RPMI1640培養基、Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium(IMDM)、MCDB131培養基、威廉培養基E、IPL41培養基、Fischer’s培養基、StemPro34(Invitrogen公司製)、X-VIVO 10(Cambrex公司製)、X-VIVO 15(Cambrex公司製)、HPGM(Cambrex公司製)、StemSpan H3000(Stemcell Technology公司製)、StemSpanSFEM(Stemcell Technology公司製)、StemlineII(Sigma Aldrich公司製)、QBSF-60(Quality Biological公司製)、StemProhESCSFM(Invitrogen公司製)、mTeSR1或2培養基(Stemcell Technology公司製)、Sf-900II(Invitrogen公司製)、Opti-Pro(Invitrogen公司製)等。
培養對象的細胞是源自植物時,可舉在植物組織培養通常使用的Murashige-Skoog(MS)培養基、Linsmaier-Skoog(LS)培養基、White培養基、Gamborg B5培養基、niche培養基、hela培養基、Morel培養基等基本培養基,或,在將該等的培養基成分修正為最適濃度的修正
培養基(例如,將氨態氮濃度減半等),將植物生長激素(auxins)類及必要時將細胞分裂激素(cytokinins)類等植物生長調節物質(植物激素)以適當的濃度添加的培養基。在這些的培養基,必要時,可再補充酪蛋白分解酶、玉米浸液、維他命類等。植物生長激素類而言,例如,可舉3-吲哚乙酸(IAA)、3-吲哚酪酸(IBA)、1-萘乙酸(NAA)、2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)等,但不限定於這些。植物生長激素類,例如,可以約0.1至約10ppm的濃度添加於培養基。細胞分裂激素類而言,例如,可舉細胞裂殖素(kinetin)、苄基腺嘌呤(benzyladenine,BA)、玉米素(zeatin)等,但不限定於這些。細胞分裂激素類,例如,可以約0.1至約10ppm的濃度添加於培養基。
上述的培養基,亦可視所屬技術領域者之目的自由地添加鈉、鉀、鈣、鎂、磷、氯、各種胺基酸、各種維他命、抗生物質、血清、脂肪酸、糖等。源自動物的細胞及/或組織培養時,所屬技術領域者視目的也可將其他的化學成分或生體成分的一種類以上組合而添加。在源自動物的細胞及/或組織的培養基所添加的成分而言,可舉胎牛血清、人血清、馬血清、胰島素、轉鐵蛋白、乳鐵蛋白、膽固醇、乙醇胺、亞硒酸鈉、單硫甘油、2-巰基乙醇、牛血清白蛋白、丙酮酸鈉、聚乙二醇、各種維他命、各種胺基酸、洋菜、瓊脂糖(agarose)、膠原蛋白、甲基纖維素、各種細胞介素(cytokine)、各種激素、各種增殖因子、各種細胞外基質及各種細胞黏著分子等。添加於培養基的細胞
介素而言,例如可舉介白素-1(interleukin-1,IL-1)、介白素-2(IL-2)、介白素-3(IL-3)、介白素-4(IL-4)、介白素-5(IL-5)、介白素-6(IL-6)、介白素-7(IL-7)、介白素-8(IL-8)、介白素-9(IL-9)、介白素-10IL-10)、介白素-11(IL-11)、介白素-12IL-12)、介白素-13(IL-13)、介白素-14(IL-14)、介白素-15(IL-15)、介白素-18(IL-18)、介白素-21(IL-21)、干擾素-α(interferon-α,IFN-α)、干擾素-β(IFN-β)、干擾素-γ(IFN-γ)、顆粒性白血球群落刺激因子(granulocyte colony-stimulating factor,G-CSF)、單核球群落刺激因子(monocyte colony stimulating factor,M-CSF)、顆粒球-巨噬細胞群落刺激因子(granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factors,GM-CSF)、幹細胞因子(SCF)、f1k2/f1t3配位體(FL)、白血病細胞抑制因子(LIF)、制瘤素M(oncostatin M,OM)、紅血球生成素(erythropoietin,EPO)、促血小板生成素(thrombopoietin,TPO)等,但並不限定於這些。
添加於培養基的激素而言,可舉褪黑激素、血清素、甲狀腺素、三碘甲腺胺酸、腎上腺素、去甲基腎上腺素、多巴胺,抗穆勒氏管激素、脂聯素、腎上腺皮質素、血管收縮素原及血管收縮素、抗利尿激素、心房鈉利尿性肽、抑鈣素、膽囊收縮素、促腎上腺皮質激素釋放激素、紅血球生成素、促濾泡素(follicle-stimulating hormone)、胃泌素、飢餓肽(ghrelin)、升糖素釋放激素、促性腺素釋放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone)、生長激素釋放激素、人類絨毛膜激性腺素(human chorionic gonadotropin)、
人胎盤生乳素、生長激素、抑制素、胰島素、類胰島素生長因子、瘦素、黃體生長激素、黑色素細胞刺激素、催產素、副甲狀腺素、泌乳素、分泌素、生長抑制素、促血小板生成素、甲狀腺刺激素、甲狀腺促素釋放激素、皮質醇、醛固醇、睪固酮、去氫差向雄甾酮(dehydroepiandrosterone)、雄固烯二酮、二氫睪酮、雌二醇、雌酮、雌三醇、黃體固酮、鈣化三醇、鈣化二醇、前列腺素、白三烯、前列腺環素、凝血脂素、泌乳素釋放激素、脂促素、腦鈉利尿肽、神經肽Y、組織胺、內皮素、胰臟聚肽、腎素、及腦啡肽,但並不限定於這些。
在培養基添加的增殖因子而言,可舉轉變生長因子-α(TGF-α)、轉變生長因子-β(TGF-β)、巨噬細胞炎症蛋白質-1 α(MIP-1 α)、上皮細胞增殖因子(EGF)、纖維母細胞增殖因子-1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、或9(FGF-1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9)、神經細胞增殖因子(NGF)、肝細胞增殖因子(HGF)、白血病抑制因子(LIF)、蛋白酶連接蛋白I、蛋白酶連接蛋白II、血小板衍生生長因子(Platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF)、膽鹼能分化因子(cholinergic differentiation factor,CDF)、趨化介素(chemokine)、Notch配位體(Delta 1等)、Wnt蛋白質,類血管生成素蛋白質2、3、5或7(Angpt2、3、5、7)、類胰島素生長因子(IGF)、類胰島素生長因子結合蛋白質(IGFBP)、多效生長因子(Pleiotrophin)等,但並不限定於這些。
又,也可添加由基因重組技術將這些的細胞介素或增
殖因子的胺基酸序列經人為的改變者。其例而言,可舉IL-6/可溶性IL-6受體複合體或Hyper IL-6(IL-6及可溶性IL-6受體的融合蛋白質)等。
各種細胞外基質或各種細胞黏著分子的例而言,可舉膠原蛋白I至XIX、纖網蛋白(fibronectin)、玻璃黏連蛋白(vitronectin)、層連結蛋白-1至12、巢蛋白(nidogen)、生腱蛋白(tenascin)、凝血栓蛋白(thrombospondin)、馮威里氏(von Willebrand)因子、骨橋蛋白(osteopontin)、纖維蛋白原、各種彈性蛋白、各種蛋白多糖、各種鈣黏蛋白、橋粒膠蛋白(desmocollin)、橋粒芯蛋白(desmoglein)、各種整聯蛋白(integrin)、E-選滯蛋白、P-選滯蛋白、L-選滯蛋白、免疫球蛋白超家族(Immunoglobulin superfamily,IgSF)、基底膜基質(matrigel)、聚-D-離胺酸、聚-L-離胺酸、幾丁質、幾丁聚醣、瓊脂糖(sepharose)、玻尿酸、海藻酸凝膠、各種水凝膠、還有這些的切斷片段等。
在培養基添加的抗生物質的例而言,可舉硫胺劑、青黴素、苯氧乙基青黴素(phenethicillin)、甲氧苯青黴素(methicillin)、苯唑西林(oxacillin)、氯噻青黴素(cloxacillin)、二氯噻青黴素、氟氯噻青黴素(flucloxacillin)、奈夫西林(nafcillin)、安比西林(ampicillin)、青黴素、阿莫西林(amoxicillin)、環西林(cyclacillin)、卡本西林(carbenicillin)、替卡西林(ticarcillin)、哌拉西林(piperacillin)、阿洛西林(azlocillin)、美洛西林(mezlocillin),美西林(mecillinam)、阿德諾西林(amdinocillin),頭孢菌素
(cephalosporin)及其衍生物、歐索林酸(oxolinic acid)、氨氟哌酸(amifloxacin)、替馬沙星(temafloxacin)、萘啶酮酸(nalidixic acid)、吡咯米酸(piromidic acid)、環丙氟哌酸(ciprofloxacin)、西諾沙星(cinoxacin)、諾氟沙星(norfloxacin)、培氟沙星(perfloxacin)、羅索沙星(rosoxacin)、氧氟沙星(ofloxacin)、依諾沙星(enoxacin)、匹培咪迪酸(pipemidic acid)、舒呱酮(sulbactam)、鎖瑚菌酸(clavulanic acid)、β-溴青黴烷酸(β-bromopenicillanic acid)、β-氯青黴烷酸、6-乙醯亞甲基-青黴烷酸、頭孢噁唑(cephoxazol)、舒他西林(sultampicillin)、氨卓西林(adinocillin)及舒呱酮的甲醛合物完全無水物酯(aldehyde full dried ester)、他唑巴坦(tazobactam)、氨曲南(aztreonam)、磺胺澤辛(sulfazecin)、異磺胺澤辛、諾卡殺菌素(nocardicin)、m-羧基苯基(m-carboxyphenyl)、苯基乙醯胺膦酸甲酯(methyl phenylacetoamidephosphonate)、氯四環素(chlorotetracycline)、氧四環素(oxytetracycline)、四環素(tetracycline)、去甲基氯四環素(demeclocycline)、多喜黴素(doxycycline)、美他環素(methacycline),以及米諾四環素(minocycline)。
將上述奈米纖維,以成為能將培養對象的細胞的蛋白質產生及/或增殖加以促進的濃度的方式,與細胞培養用的液體培養基混合,而可製造本發明所用的培養基組成物。
該奈米纖維的形狀可以是粉末、錠劑、丸
劑、膠囊劑、顆粒劑等經製劑化的固體;在適當的生理的水性溶媒中的分散液等液體;或與基板或單體鍵合的狀態。製劑化時的添加物而言,可舉對羥基安息香酸酯類等防腐劑;乳糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、甘露醇等賦形劑;硬脂酸鎂、滑石等潤滑劑;聚乙烯醇、羥丙基纖維素、明膠等黏合劑;脂肪酸酯等界面活性劑;甘油等可塑劑等。這些添加物是不限定於上述者,所屬技術領域具有通常知識者有利用可能則可自由選擇。滅菌方法是沒有特別的限制,例如,可舉放射線滅菌、環氧乙烷氣體滅菌、高壓釜滅菌、過濾器滅菌等。
在理想態樣中,將上述奈米纖維之生理的水性溶媒中的分散液,及液體培養基加以混合,而調製在本發明所用的培養基組成物。該分散液可滅菌(高壓釜,γ線滅菌等)。或,也可將該分散液,與將粉末培養基溶解於水而調製的液體培養基(培養基的水溶液)混合後,滅菌而使用。該分散液與液體培養基的滅菌,也可在混合前,各分別實施。水性溶媒的例而言,可舉水、二甲基亞碸(DMSO)等,但並不限定於這些。水性溶媒而言,水為理想。在水性溶媒中,也可含有適當的緩衝劑及鹽。上述奈米纖維的分散液,有用於作為調製本發明所用的培養基組成物用的培養基添加劑。
混合比率是奈米纖維的分散液:液體培養基(培養基的水溶液),通常1:99至99:1,理想是10:90至90:10,較理想是,20:80至80:20。
將含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物的製造方法例示於後,但本發明並不受這些例所限制。將奈米纖維添加於離子交換水或超純水。然後,在室溫攪拌至全體分散成為均勻的狀態後,實施滅菌(例如,在121℃進行20分鐘的高壓釜滅菌)。將使用於靜置培養的任意的培養基在攪拌(例如,均質混合機等)下,在該培養基添加前述滅菌後的奈米纖維分散液,與該培養基混合均勻。本水溶液與培養基的混合方法沒有特別的限制,例如可舉吸管吸取(pipetting)等手動的混合,使用電磁攪拌器或機械攪拌機、均質混合機、均質機等機器的混合。
在一態樣中,含有上述奈米纖維的培養基組成物,在細胞的維持或培養可能的溫度範圍(例如,0至40℃)的至少1點,可以實施細胞的浮游靜置。本發明的培養基組成物,理想是在25至37℃的溫度範圍內的至少1點,最理想是在37℃,可以實施細胞的浮游靜置。該培養基組成物,例如,可由WO 2015/111686 A1所述的方法製造。
本發明是提供上述培養基組成物中,將細胞以附著於奈米纖維的狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,懸浮培養的方法。
在本發明所使用的奈米纖維,將細胞及/或組織在生體外培養時,顯示將該細胞及/或組織在含有該奈米纖維的液體中懸浮的效果(理想是懸浮靜置的效果)(WO
2015/111686 A1)。因此,將作為目的之細胞,在上述培養基組成物中培養時,該細胞附著於在培養基組成物中分散的奈米纖維,在無攪拌或振盪操作等物理性擾亂下,可以將細胞在該液體培養基組成物中均勻分散並且維持懸浮狀態下,進行培養。如此,使用上述培養基組成物時,即使無攪拌或振盪操作等的物理性擾亂,也可以實施細胞的懸浮培養,由此可促進細胞增殖(WO 2015/111686 A1)。以往的懸浮培養法中,伴隨攪拌或振盪操作的情況時,被認為對細胞有剪斷力的作用,細胞的增殖率及回收率低,或細胞的功能受損失,但將含有上述的奈米纖維的培養基組成物中的細胞的懸浮培養,刻意在物理性擾亂條件下實施時,則很意外地,與靜置懸浮培養比較,細胞增殖有顯著地促進,蛋白質的產生顯著亢進。
物理性擾亂條件而言,可舉攪拌、振盪、迴轉等,但不限定於這些。攪拌是由攪拌子(stirrer)或螺旋槳,將細胞與培養基混合而實施。振盪是以一定的頻度將培養容器加以振動,將細胞與培養基混合而實施。理想的物理性擾亂條件而言,例如,可舉以20至150rpm,理想是50至130rpm,較理想是80至120rpm,更理想是90至110rpm(例如,100rpm)的振盪。該振盪,例如,可由EYELA Multishaker MMS(Tokyo Rikakikai Co.Ltd.)實施。
又,使用本發明的培養方法時,因細胞有效率地增殖,本發明的培養方法作為細胞的增殖方法或細胞的增殖促進方法是優異的。使用本發明的方法,培養細
胞時,細胞是不黏著於培養容器,而附著於培養基組成物中分散的奈米纖維,不會偏在於培養容器的底面,分散於三維空間,再加上物理性擾亂,其增殖受促進。尤其是,作為奈米纖維而使用幾丁質奈米纖維時,細胞附著於幾丁質奈米纖維,將其作為立足點而強力的增殖,其結果,增殖的細胞是,在奈米纖維上接連成為葡萄串狀的狀態。對此增殖促進效果,在培養基組成物中含有足以使細胞及/或組織懸浮(即,迴避細胞或組織黏著於培養容器)的濃度的奈米纖維即可,可懸浮靜置(即,不須伴隨由外部的壓力、振動、振盪,迴轉操作等而可使細胞及/或組織在液體培養基組成物中均勻分散並且在懸浮狀態)並不是必須的。例如,幾丁質奈米纖維的情況時,對呈現懸浮作用足夠的0.0001%(重量/容量)以上,理想是0.003%(重量/容量)以上的濃度,則在可安定懸浮靜置培養的0.03%(重量/容量)以下的濃度(例,0.025%(重量/容量)以下,0.02%(重量/容量)以下),可顯示增殖促進效果。
奈米纖維之中,尤其幾丁質奈米纖維是,優於細胞增殖促進效果為優異的。
在本發明的培養方法中,可使用懸浮細胞及黏著細胞的任一種細胞。黏著細胞是於生育.增殖需要支架的細胞。懸浮細胞是於生育.增殖不需要支架的細胞。在本發明的培養方法中,理想是使用黏著細胞。在本發明的方法中,使用黏著細胞時,黏著細胞不會黏著於培養容器的底面,不會只在培養容器的底面不良分布,而分
散於三維的空間,以附著於奈米纖維的狀態而增殖。尤其是,作為奈米纖維而使用幾丁質奈米纖維時,細胞附著於幾丁質奈米纖維,將其作為支架而強力增殖,其結果,增殖的細胞,成為形成葡萄串狀接連於奈米纖維上的狀態。因此,黏著細胞的懸浮培養變成可能。又,其結果,比以黏著於培養容器的底面的狀態培養的情況時,黏著細胞的增殖受到促進。又,比黏著於培養容器的底面的狀態培養的情況時,可以高的密度培養黏著細胞。
本發明的培養方法中,由於黏著細胞的懸浮培養是可能的,所以由本發明的培養方法將黏著細胞懸浮培養後,不需要由培養容器將細胞剝離的操作,只是將新鮮的本發明的培養基組成物添加於培養後的培養物,或在新鮮的本發明的培養基組成物,只是將培養後的培養物的全部或一部分添加而可以將黏著細胞繼代。本發明也提供這樣的黏著細胞的繼代培養方法。因此,藉由使用本發明的繼代培養方法,黏著細胞,不需要進行由培養容器之細胞的剝離操作,而可繼代培養。又,藉由使用本發明的繼代培養方法,不需要進行由培養容器之細胞的剝離操作,可擴大黏著細胞的培養規模。由培養容器之細胞的剝離操作而言,可舉由鉗合劑(例,EDTA)及/或蛋白質分解酶(例,胰蛋白酶、膠原蛋白酶)的處理。本發明的繼代培養方法是有利於對由培養容器之細胞的剝離操作的感受性高的黏著細胞(例如,因剝離操作而生存性會降低的黏著細胞,因剝離操作而形質容易變化的黏著細胞)的繼代培養。
對由培養容器之細胞的剝離操作的感受性高的黏著細胞而言,可舉由人多能性幹細胞;人前驅細胞;由肝細胞、腎細胞、軟骨細胞、血管細胞及脂肪細胞等由組織調製的初代細胞;MDCK細胞、HEK293細胞及CHO細胞等的生物醫藥品(醫藥品用蛋白質)的生產細胞等,但不限定於這些。
使用本發明的培養方法時,可以高密度培養黏著細胞,可以將細胞有效率地增殖,可提升蛋白質產生效率。因此,本發明的培養方法,有用於由體外細胞培養的蛋白質的生產有用。將目的之有蛋白質產生能力的細胞,在含有上述奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,以附著於該奈米纖維的狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,進行懸浮培養,由培養物中,將該蛋白質單離,而可得該蛋白質物質。蛋白質而言,可舉抗體、酶(尿激酶等)、激素(胰島素等)、細胞介素(干擾素、介白素、腫瘤壞死因子、群落刺激因子、成長因子等)、疫苗的抗原、其他的生理活性蛋白質,但不限定於這些。在作為目的之產生蛋白質的細胞中,包含有皮膚細胞、軟骨細胞、肝細胞、胰臟細胞、腎細胞等的非形質轉換細胞,及經導入編碼作為目的之蛋白質的基因及參與該蛋白質的生合成的基因的形質轉換細胞。編碼作為目的之蛋白質的基因及參與該蛋白質的生合成的基因可以是外因性基因。有作為目的之蛋白質產生能力的細胞,可為黏著細胞,亦可為懸浮細胞,但理想是黏著細胞。有作為目的之蛋白質產生能力的細胞,合適的是將該蛋白質分泌至細胞外的細胞。有作為目的之蛋白質產生能力的細胞
而言,具體而言,可舉有經導入編碼作為目的之蛋白質的基因或參與該蛋白質的生合成的基因的HEK293、CHO-K1、BHK-21、MDCK、Vero、HepG2、MCF-7等,但不限定於這些。在重組蛋白質的生產所使用的細胞是本行業者周知的,將這些的細胞適宜地可使用在本發明的方法。在培養規模的擴大時,如上所述,不需要由培養容器進行細胞的剝離操作,將新鮮的含有上述奈米纖維的培養基組成物添加於培養後的培養物,亦可在含有新鮮的奈米纖維的培養基組成物,添加培養後的培養物的全部或一部分。要將作為目的之蛋白質由培養物單離時,有需要由培養物除去細胞,但在本發明的方法中,由於細胞是以附著於奈米纖維的狀態懸浮在培養基組成物中,可以離心分離或過濾處理等簡便的方法除去細胞。又,培養基組成物中的奈米纖維,也可以離心分離或過濾處理等簡便的方法除去。由培養物單離蛋白質的方法,為本行業者所周知,例如可適用層析法(例,離子交換層析法、疏水性層析法、親和性層析法、逆相層析法等層析法)等,生理活性物質的生化學的分離精製方法。
使用本發明的培養方法培養細胞時,可使用在細胞培養一般使用的培養皿(shale)、燒瓶(flask)、塑膠袋(plastic bag)、鐵氟龍(Teflon,登錄商標)袋、盤(dish)、培養皿(Petri dish)、組織培養用盤(tissue culture dish)、多皿(multi dish)、微盤(microplate)、微孔盤(microwell plate)、多盤(multi plate)、多孔盤(multiwell plate)、多孔片(chamber
slide)、管、盤(tray)、培養袋(culture bag)、轉瓶(roller bottle)等培養器材。這些的培養器材的材質是沒有特別的限制,但例如,可舉玻璃、聚氯乙烯、纖維素系聚合物、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚碳酸酯、聚碸、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚酯、聚醯胺、聚苯乙烯,聚丙烯等塑膠等。又,亦可對這些的塑膠施加種種的表面處理(例如,電漿處理、電暈處理等)。再者,對這些的培養器材,亦可預先塗覆細胞外基質或細胞黏著分子等。
細胞及/或組織的培養,可在機械的調控下的封閉環境下自動實行細胞播種、培養基交換、細胞影像取得、培養細胞回收,一邊調控pH、溫度、氧濃度等,藉由可以高密度培養的生物反應器或自動培養裝置進行。作為使用這些裝置而在培養的中途補充新培養基,將所要求的物質無過不足的供給細胞及/或組織的手法,有加料分批培養(流加培養,fed-batch culture or semi-batch culture)、連續培養(continuous culture)及灌注培養(灌流培養,perfusion culture),但任一種的手法均可使用在本發明的培養方法。
培養細胞及/或組織時的溫度,如是動物細胞則通常是25至39℃,理想是33至39℃(例,37℃)。CO2濃度,通常是培養的環境氣中,4至10體積%,4至6體積%(例,5體積%)為理想。培養期間通常是3至35日,理想是7至20日,較理想是10至14日,配合培養的目的而自由設定即可。植物細胞的培養溫度通常是20至30℃,如有需要照光則在照度2000至8000勒克斯(lux)的照度條
件下培養即可。培養期間通常是3至70日,但配合培養的目的而自由設定即可。本發明的方法中,在全培養期間內,物理性擾亂條件下,實施懸浮培養為理想。
以本發明的方法培養細胞時,對本發明的培養組成物添加另外調製的細胞,混合而分散均勻即可。此時的混合方法是沒有特別的限制,例如可舉吸管吸取等手動的混合,使用攪拌器、Voltex混合器、微盤混合器、振盪機等機器的混合。混合後,在物理性擾亂條件下,實施懸浮培養。又,在培養期間培養基組成物的交換為必要時,經由進行離心或過濾處理將細胞與培養基組成物分離後,於細胞添加含有新鮮的奈米纖維的培養基組成物即可。或者,經由進行離心或過濾處理將細胞適宜濃縮後,將含有新鮮的奈米纖維的培養基組成物添加於此濃縮液即可。例如,離心時的重力加速度(G)是100至400G,過濾處理時所用的過濾器的細孔的大小是10μm至100μm,但無需受這些的限制。又,使用將與作為目的之細胞會特異性的結合的抗體塗覆在表面上的磁性微粒子,可經由磁力將培養的細胞分離。這樣的磁性微粒子的例而言,可舉Dynabeads(Veritas公司製)、MACS Microbeads(Miltenyi Biotec公司製)、BioMag(Technochemical公司製)等。這些的培養基組成物的交換,也可藉由在機械的調控下的封閉環境下可實行的生物反應器或自動培養裝置而進行。
以下將本發明的培養基組成物的實施例具
體的陳述,而更詳細說明本發明。以下的實施例所示的材料、使用量、比率、處理內容及處理步驟,不脫離本發明的趣旨之範圍內可以適宜變更。因此,本發明的範圍是不應被解釋為下面所示的具體例。
將遵照WO 2015/111686 A1所述的方法調製的幾丁質奈米纖維(Biomass nanofiber(BiNFi-S)2質量%,股份公司Sugino Machine)懸濁於超純水(Milli-Q水)成為1%(w/v)後,在90℃加熱下攪拌而溶解,將本水溶液在121℃高壓釜滅菌20分鐘。調製在無血清培養基的SFM Transfx293培養基(HyClones公司製)添加幾丁質奈米纖維成為終濃度0.01%、0.1%(w/v)的培養基組成物,以及不含上述基材的未添加培養基組成物。繼而,將培養的人胎兒腎細胞株HEK293(DS Pharma Biomedical公司製),在上述的有添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,播種成為133333細胞/mL後,在50mL mini bioreactor(Corning公司製,431720)分注成為15mL。將各reacter在CO2保溫箱(37℃,5%CO2)內以靜置狀態或振盪狀態(cfg100rpm)培養,繼續10日。將第0日、第10日的培養液以吸管吸取而懸濁,對其細胞懸濁液100μL添加ATP試藥100μL(CellTiter-GloTMLuminescent Cell Viability Assay,Promega公司製)使其反應,在室溫靜置約10分鐘後,以FlexStation3(Molecular Devices公司製)
測定發光強度(RLU值),扣除只有培養基時的發光值的4點的平均值而測定活細胞數。
其結果,在添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物中將HEK293細胞在50mL mini bioreactor中培養,確認因添加幾丁質奈米纖維的細胞增殖促進作用。再在振盪中培養時幾丁質奈米纖維的增殖促進效果有更提高。在各培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第1表。
將遵照WO 2015/111686 A1所述的方法調製的幾丁質奈米纖維(Biomass nanofiber(BiNFi-S)2質量%,股份公司
Sugino Machine)懸濁於超純水(Milli-Q水)成為1%(w/v)後,在90℃加熱下攪拌而溶解,將本水溶液在121℃高壓釜滅菌20分鐘。調製在無血清培養基的SFM Transfx293培養基(HyClones公司製)添加幾丁質奈米纖維成為終濃度0.01%(w/v)的培養基組成物,以及不含上述基材的未添加培養基組成物。繼而,將培養的人胎兒腎細胞株HEK293(DSPharma Biomedical公司製),在上述的有添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,播種成為13333細胞/mL或33333細胞/mL後,在50mL mini bioreactor(Corning公司製,431720)分注成為15mL。各reacter是在CO2保溫箱(37℃,5%CO2)內以振盪狀態(cfg100rpm)培養,繼續7日及14日。在第0日、第7日、14日的培養液以吸管吸取懸濁,對其細胞懸濁液100μL添加ATP試藥100μL(CellTiter-GloTM Luminescent Cell Viability Assay,Promega公司製)使其反應,在室溫靜置約10分鐘後,以FlexStation3(Molecular Devices公司製)測定發光強度(RLU值),扣除只有培養基時的發光值4點的平均值而測定活細胞數。
其結果,在添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物中將HEK293細胞在50mL mini bioreactor中培養時,在播種數少的低密度培養中,確認因添加幾丁質奈米纖維的細胞增殖促進作用。將第7日的培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第2表,將第14日的培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第3表。
以下述的方式將人干擾素β(IFN-β)基因編入於HEK293,而製作在培養上清液中產生IFN-β的細胞株。
首先,由IFN-β生產細胞的源自人皮膚的正常二倍體纖維母細胞株TIG-108,進行IFN-β基因的取得。將細胞數5×106 cells的TIG-108以400×g離心5分鐘,
除上清液後,添加核酸萃取試藥ISOGEN(NIPPON GENE公司)1mL、三氯甲烷(和光純藥)0.2mL,將DNA、蛋白質沉澱於有機層。以12000×g離心15分鐘後,取得水相(RNA層),添加異丙醇(和光純藥)0.5mL,以12000×g離心15分鐘後,使RNA沉澱。將沉澱的RNA溶解於滅菌水後,添加First-Stand Reaction Mix Beads(Amersham Bioscience公司)及pd(N)6 Randam Hexamer(Amersham Bioscience公司)1μL,在室溫靜置1分鐘後,在37℃進行60分鐘的逆轉錄反應,合成cDNA。
繼而,嘗試IFN-β基因的PCR擴增。首先,將滅菌水35.5μL、Blend Taq buffer 5μL、dNTP mix 4μL、Primer F(5’-ATGACCAACAAGTGTCTCCT-3’;序列編號1)1μL(10 pmoles)、Primer R(5’-TCAGTTTCGGAGGTAACCTG-3’;序列編號2)1μL(10 pmoles)、Taq DNA polymerase 0.25μL(Takara Bio公司)、cDNA 3μL(50ng)在0.2mL管內混合。將此管放入於Program Temp.Control System(ASTEC公司),進行PCR。將PCR產物以1%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳確認後,以Freeze’N Squeese spin column(BIO RAD公司)精製。將精製過的PCR產物2μL及pTARGET載體1μL(50ng),與TaKaRa DNA Ligation Kit(Takara Bio公司)3μL混合,在16℃,進行30分鐘的連接反應(ligation reaction)。繼而,將連接後的pTARGET載體由熱震反應(heat shock reaction)導入於JM109細胞(Promega公司),在LB培養基盤播種。取得所生育的群落,以LB培養基1mL,在37℃振盪培養一
夜後,由QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit(QIAGEN公司),萃取pTARGET載體。繼而,以限制酶PstI(TOYOBO公司)切斷在IFN-β基因序列上有認識序列存在的pTARGET載體,而確認IFN-β基因經選殖在pTARGET載體。繼而,將HEK293細胞株以含有10%胎牛血清(Fetal bovine serum FBS,Trace公司)-E-RDF(10% FBS-E-RDF)的培養基培養後,調製成為5×106 cells/mL,以PBS置換。其次,確認IFN-β基因經選殖在pTARGET載體。
將有IFN-β基因編入的pTARGET載體添加3μg,以0.75kV/cm,350μF的條件施加電壓。在10% FBS-E-RDF培養基進行恢復培養,在96孔培養盤(Becton & Dickinson公司)分注100μL/well。保溫24小時後,在有添加G-418(Geneticin,Invitrogen公司)至終濃度500μg/mL的10%FBS-E-RDF培養基,選擇培養經導入基因的細胞。之後,對於確認有增殖的細胞,經由進行IFN-β基因的表現的確認,而製作產生IFN-β之HEK293細胞。
將遵照WO 2015/111686 A1所述的方法調製的幾丁質奈米纖維(Biomass nanofiber(BiNFi-S)2質量%,股份公司Sugino Machine)懸濁於超純水(Milli-Q水)成為1%(w/v)後,在90℃加熱下攪拌而溶解,將本水溶液在121℃高壓釜滅菌20分鐘。調製在無血清的懸濁培養用的培養基的CD293
培養基(Thermofisher Scientific公司製)添加幾丁質奈米纖維至終濃度為0.003%、0.01%、0.03%(w/v)的培養基組成物,以及不含上述基材的未添加培養基組成物。繼而,將培養的產生IFN-β之HEK293細胞,在上述的有添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,播種成為133333細胞/mL後,分注於50mL mini bioreactor(Corning公司製,431720)成為15mL。將各reacter在CO2保溫箱(37℃,5%CO2)內以振盪狀態(cfg100rpm)培養,繼續7日及14日。將在第0日、第7日、第14日的培養液以吸管吸取懸濁,對其細胞懸濁液100μL添加ATP試藥100μL(CellTiter-GloTM Luminescent Cell Viability Assay,Promega公司製)使其反應,在室溫靜置約10分鐘後,以FlexStation3(Molecular Devices公司製)測定發光強度(RLU值),扣除只有培養基時的發光值4點的平均值而測定活細胞數。又將第7日、第14日的細胞培養液離心(200G,3分鐘),分注培養上清液。
將培養上清液中的IFN-β產生量使用酶抗體法(ELISA;enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)測定。將山羊抗人IFN-β抗體(R & D System INC.)以磷酸緩衝食鹽水(PBS)稀釋成為1μg/mL而在96孔免疫分析盤(immunoplate)分注100μL/孔實施盤塗覆。在室溫下靜置1小時後,為了防止非特異性的反應,在PBS將牛血清白蛋白(BSA;ICN)稀釋成1%的溶液(1%BSA/PBS)以150μL/孔分注,進
行阻擋(blocking)。之後,在室溫下靜置1小時,將含有要定量的IFN-β抗體的培養上清液以50μL/孔分注。又,同樣將0μg/mL至200μg/mL的標準溶液分注50μL/孔,在室溫下靜置1小時。之後,將小鼠抗人IFN-β抗體(R & D System INC.)以1% BSA/PBS稀釋成為1μg/mL,以100μL/孔分注後,在室溫下靜置1小時。之後,將源自西洋山葵的過氧化酶標識大鼠抗小鼠IgG抗體以1% BSA/PBS溶液,稀釋約6,000倍,以100μL/孔分注而在室溫下靜置1小時。做為發色液而將10% 3,3',5,5'-四甲基聯苯胺(TMB)發色液(Funakoshi公司製,# TMBW-100-0)以100μL/孔分注,確認發色後以STOP Solution(KPL公司製,# 50-85-04)停止反應後,測定在450nm的波長的吸光度。各反應之間,以在PBS將聚乙烯(20)失水山梨醇單月桂酸酯(Tween20)(和光純藥)稀釋成為0.05%濃度的溶液,清洗3次。
其結果,使用含有幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,將產生IFN-β之HEK293細胞在50mL mini bioreactor中培養時,確認由於添加幾丁質奈米纖維之細胞增殖促進作用。又在培養上清液中的人IFN-β量的增加。由本結果可知,藉由在含有幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物中進行振盪培養,細胞增殖及IFN-β生產都亢進。在第7日的培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第4表,在第14日的培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第5表,人IFN-β分泌量(ng/mL)示於第6表。
將遵照WO 2015/111686 A1所述的方法調製的幾丁質奈米纖維(Biomass nanofiber(BiNFi-S)2質量%,股份公司Sugino Machine)懸濁於超純水(Milli-Q水)成為1%(w/v)後,在90℃加熱下攪拌而溶解,將本水溶液在121℃高壓釜滅菌20分鐘。調製在無血清培養基的SFM Transfx293培養基(HyClones公司製)添加幾丁質奈米纖維成為終濃度0.01%、0.1%(w/v)的培養基組成物,以及不含上述基材的未添加培養基組成物。繼而,將培養的狗腎臟腎小管上皮細胞株MDCK(DS Pharma Biomedical公司製),在上述的有添加幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,播種133333細胞/mL後,在50mL mini bioreactor(Corning公司製,431720)分注成為15mL。將各reacter在CO2保溫箱(37℃,5%CO2)
內靜置狀態或振盪狀態(cfg100rpm)培養,繼續10日。將第0日、第10日的培養液以吸管吸取懸濁,對其細胞懸濁液100μL添加ATP試藥100μL(CellTiter-GloTM Luminescent Cell Viability Assay,Promega公司製)使其反應,在室溫靜置約10分鐘後,以FlexStation3(Molecular Devices公司製)測定發光強度(RLU值),扣除只有培養基時的發光值4點的平均值而測定活細胞數。
其結果,使用含有幾丁質奈米纖維的培養基組成物,將MDCK細胞在50mL mini bioreactor中培養時,確認由於添加幾丁質奈米纖維的細胞增殖促進作用。再者,在振盪下培養則幾丁質奈米纖維的細胞增殖促進效果更再提高。各培養的RLU值(ATP測定,發光強度)示於第7表。
依據本發明,可實施將細胞有效率的增殖,酶、細胞增殖因子、抗體等蛋白質的大量生產。
本文所述的包含專利及專利申請說明書的全部的刊物所述的內容,由在此引用,而與其全部明示同樣程度編入於本說明書。
本申請案,以在日本提出申請的特願2016-075251(申請日:2016年4月4日)作為基礎,將其內容全部包含在本說明書。
<110> 日產化學工業股份有限公司 獨立行政法人國立高等專門學校機構
<120> 蛋白質產生方法
<30> 092594
<150> JP2016-075251
<151> 2016-04-04
<160> 2
<170> Patentin version3.5
<210> 1
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 前置引子
<400> 1
<210> 2
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列
<220>
<223> 反置引子
<400> 2
Claims (10)
- 一種蛋白質產生方法,包含:在含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,將具有蛋白質產生能力的細胞,在附著於該奈米纖維狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,加以懸浮培養。
- 如專利申請範圍第1項所述的蛋白質產生方法,其中,該奈米纖維是由纖維素、幾丁質及幾丁聚醣所成群組選出的任一種的非水溶性多糖類所構成。
- 如專利申請範圍第1項所述的蛋白質產生方法,其中,該奈米纖維是幾丁質奈米纖維。
- 如專利申請範圍第3項所述的蛋白質產生方法,其中,培養基組成物中的幾丁質奈米纖維的含有量是0.003至0.1%(重量/容量)。
- 如專利申請範圍第1項至第4項中任一項所述的蛋白質產生方法,其中,該細胞是黏著細胞。
- 一種細胞的增殖方法,包含:在含有奈米纖維的培養基組成物中,將細胞在附著於該奈米纖維狀態,在物理性擾亂條件下,加以懸浮培養。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項所述的細胞的增殖方法,其中,該奈米纖維是由纖維素、幾丁質及幾丁聚醣所成群組選出的任一種的非水溶性多糖類所構成。
- 如專利申請範圍第6項所述的細胞的增殖方法,其中,該奈米纖維是幾丁質奈米纖維。
- 如專利申請範圍第8項所述的細胞的增殖方法,其中,培養基組成物中的幾丁質奈米纖維的含有量是0.003至 0.1%(重量/容量)。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項至第9項中任一項所述的細胞的增殖方法,其中,該細胞是黏著細胞。
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| WO2009051439A2 (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Amorepacific Corporation | Method of identifying agents which modulate the activity of calcium-activated chloride channel |
| RU2013120302A (ru) * | 2010-10-01 | 2014-11-20 | Модерна Терапьютикс, Инк. | Сконструированные нуклеиновые кислоты и способы их применения |
| JP2013067075A (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-04-18 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | 水膨潤機能を有するフィルムまたはシートの製造方法 |
| IL300460A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2023-04-01 | Nissan Chemical Corp | A culture medium preparation, and a method for culturing cells or tissues by using the preparation |
| TWI612135B (zh) * | 2012-08-23 | 2018-01-21 | 日產化學工業股份有限公司 | 動物細胞用培養基之製造方法、動物細胞用培養基、蛋白質的製造方法、及促進培養中的動物細胞的蛋白質產生量的方法 |
| CN112662611B (zh) * | 2014-01-23 | 2024-10-29 | 日产化学工业株式会社 | 培养基组合物 |
-
2017
- 2017-03-31 TW TW106111473A patent/TW201738256A/zh unknown
- 2017-04-04 WO PCT/JP2017/014064 patent/WO2017175751A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2017-04-04 JP JP2018510611A patent/JPWO2017175751A1/ja active Pending
- 2017-04-04 KR KR1020187031135A patent/KR20190005844A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-04-04 CN CN201780022220.6A patent/CN109219661A/zh active Pending
- 2017-04-04 EP EP17779129.0A patent/EP3434782B1/en active Active
- 2017-04-04 US US16/091,335 patent/US20190153498A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2017175751A1 (ja) | 2019-02-14 |
| KR20190005844A (ko) | 2019-01-16 |
| WO2017175751A1 (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
| US20190153498A1 (en) | 2019-05-23 |
| EP3434782B1 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
| CN109219661A (zh) | 2019-01-15 |
| EP3434782A1 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
| EP3434782A4 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
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