TW201814761A - Switch contact status display apparatus - Google Patents
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Abstract
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本發明是有關於一種可以顯示開關接點狀態的顯示裝置,藉由電子電路電性連接到開關一次側與二次側,將電子電路感測之信號輸入到微處理器,以判讀開關接點狀態並將接點狀態加以顯示。特別是指通用於任何規格之開關,顯示的接點狀態並且可經由排線連結到所欲位置,以易於檢視,提昇便利性、實用性,並增進電氣之安全性者。 The invention relates to a display device capable of displaying the state of a switch contact. The electronic circuit is electrically connected to the primary side and the secondary side of the switch, and the signal sensed by the electronic circuit is input to the microprocessor to read the switch contact. Status and display the status of the contacts. In particular, it refers to the switch that is used for any specification, the state of the contact that is displayed, and can be connected to the desired position via the cable, so that it can be easily viewed, improve convenience, practicality, and enhance electrical safety.
一般配電箱裡面,最常見到兩種線路設備保護裝置,有兩種,一為斷路器,一為電磁開關。前者斷路器有過載保護、故障電流保護、漏電故障保護,使用於系統配電箱之電源設備開關的保護。電磁開關則為過載保護或欠相保護,使用於運轉設備於過載或欠相時的保護。原本在解決斷路器及電磁開關之狀態顯示時,係透過加裝相關的狀態顯示裝置,通常設置於斷路器本體內部,如加裝微動開關,作為輔助接點或者警報接點,一般為機械結構傳導作用而作動,這是目前一般所熟知的技藝。 In the general distribution box, the two types of line equipment protection devices are the most common. There are two types, one is a circuit breaker and the other is an electromagnetic switch. The former circuit breaker has overload protection, fault current protection, and leakage fault protection, and is used for protection of the power equipment switch of the system distribution box. The electromagnetic switch is overload protection or under-phase protection, which is used to protect the operating equipment from overload or phase loss. Originally, when the status display of the circuit breaker and the electromagnetic switch is solved, the related state display device is installed, usually inside the circuit breaker body, such as adding a micro switch as an auxiliary contact or an alarm contact, generally a mechanical Actuation by structural conduction is a skill well known in the art.
斷路器的使用是非常普遍的一種產品,斷路器一般可分為模殼式斷路器(MCCB),或稱無熔絲斷路器(NFB)。前一種為歐美國家產品的元件稱謂,後者為日本國家的產品。另一種產品分類名稱為漏電斷路器(ELCB),屬於比較小容量的斷路器一般稱謂MCB以及ELB。通常MCCB、 ELCB斷路器使用於遮斷容量大,俗稱為工業型斷路器。而MCB、ELB使用於遮斷容量小,則俗稱為家用燈插迴路開關斷路器,其功能主要是保護設備以及線路安全的一種隔離開關,當發生過載時進行跳脫隔離,以及事故發生故障電流安全跳脫隔離。若是ELCB則加上漏電故障跳脫的保護功能。斷路器使用於各種場所,是世界上做為保護設備及線路安全的主要隔離開關,也是目前全世界最通用之產品。 The use of circuit breakers is a very common product, and circuit breakers can generally be divided into form-cavity circuit breakers (MCCB), or no-fuse circuit breakers (NFB). The former is a component title for products in Europe and the United States, and the latter is a product of the Japanese state. Another product classification name is Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB), which is a relatively small capacity circuit breaker commonly referred to as MCB and ELB. Usually MCCB and ELCB circuit breakers are used for large interrupting capacity, commonly known as industrial circuit breakers. While MCB and ELB are used for small interrupting capacity, they are commonly known as household light plug-in circuit breakers. Their functions are mainly an isolation switch that protects equipment and line safety. When an overload occurs, tripping isolation and fault current are generated. Safe trip isolation. In the case of ELCB, the protection function of leakage fault tripping is added. The circuit breaker is used in various places and is the main isolation switch in the world as a protection device and line safety. It is also the most versatile product in the world.
斷路器的使用如此普遍,目前配電盤的製造廠家,因為空間的限制,或因為經濟成本的考量,在整個配電盤以及分電箱內部,斷路器與斷路器之間大部份都毗鄰相互靠在一起配置,之後再固定在盤內器具固定板金上。台灣一般在一次側上,使用銅排做為導電匯流排(BUS),歐洲一般則使用電線電纜做為一次側斷路器的電源來源。但是一次側的接續電源,不論是使用銅排或者是電線電纜,在配電箱內部斷路器與斷路器之間,幾乎都是沒有太多的空間,可以做為斷路器本身附屬功能的增設。當有功能新增的需求時,也幾乎沒有充裕的空間可以施工。在大部份的情況下,必須拆銅排、拆線、拆固定螺絲……等,把器材全部拆卸後取下斷路器,裝上所需的附件,然後再把斷路器固定在配電箱內,重做配線的工作。這些做為除了會造成許許多多的不便,甚至易造成工安事故產生危險。 The use of circuit breakers is so common that at present manufacturers of switchboards, due to space constraints, or because of economic costs, most of the circuit breakers and circuit breakers are adjacent to each other throughout the switchboard and distribution boxes. The configuration is then fixed on the plate fixing plate of the plate. Taiwan generally uses copper bars as conductive busbars (BUS) on the primary side, and wire and cable is generally used as the power source for primary circuit breakers in Europe. However, the connection power on the primary side, whether using copper bars or wires and cables, has almost no space between the circuit breaker and the circuit breaker inside the distribution box, and can be used as an additional function of the auxiliary function of the circuit breaker itself. When there is a new demand for functionality, there is almost no room for construction. In most cases, it is necessary to remove the copper platoon, remove the wire, remove the fixing screws, etc., remove all the equipment, remove the circuit breaker, install the required accessories, and then fix the circuit breaker in the distribution box. , redo wiring work. In addition to causing a lot of inconvenience, these can even cause a safety hazard.
有鑑於此,製造斷路器的廠家,例如世界知名大廠施耐德、ABB、西門子、奇異、E-TN、SQ-D、三菱電機……等廠家,因應客戶對於附件實質上的功能需求,以及上述斷路器於配電箱盤體內實際換置的困難,於是由歐美大廠率先發明了於斷路器本體上方,有可掀蓋式的方式來輕易組裝某一部份的常用附件,以解決日後客戶因功能需求而必須增加附 件時所產生的種種困擾與不便。而目前這種解決因應的方法以及實際的產品,也正是目前全世界斷路器製造廠家一致遵循的製造方式,並蔚為斷路器產品設計的主流。 In view of this, manufacturers of circuit breakers, such as world-renowned manufacturers Schneider, ABB, Siemens, singular, E-TN, SQ-D, Mitsubishi Electric, etc., respond to the customer's essential functional requirements for accessories, and the above The difficulty of actually changing the circuit breaker in the power distribution box body was first invented by the European and American manufacturers on the top of the circuit breaker body. There is a cover-type way to easily assemble a certain part of the common accessories to solve the future customer's cause. The troubles and inconveniences that arise when adding accessories must be added to functional requirements. At present, this method of solving the problem and the actual product are also the manufacturing methods that the circuit breaker manufacturers all over the world consistently follow, and are the mainstream of circuit breaker product design.
斷路器產品隨著世界上因材料應用科技的進步,以及隨著世界上電子資訊以及變頻技術…等科技的進步與環境的變化,例如非線性元件使用愈來愈多,造成電力的品質問題……等,以及將特殊功能要求、差異化的要求等,每個製造廠家除了產品愈趨小型化、電子化、可通訊化等,形成了斷路器的產品多樣化及尺寸無法規格化、統一化,也導致了即使是斷路器產品外殼掀蓋化,但是其附件因尺寸、規格不盡相同,而無法通用化。如此便造成斷路器廠家型號產品繁雜化,無法統一規格化,形成經濟上的浪費,更造成客戶在使用上會非常的不便,如此問題就必須在斷路器的附件組合方式與方法做一改變,以克服上述的困難。 Circuit breaker products, with the advancement of materials application technology in the world, and the advancement of technology and environmental changes in the world, such as electronic information and frequency conversion technology, such as the use of nonlinear components, resulting in power quality problems... ...etc., as well as the requirements for special functions and requirements for differentiation, each manufacturer has become more compact, electronic, and communicable, etc., resulting in product diversification and size of circuit breakers that cannot be standardized and unified. It has also caused even the cover of the circuit breaker product to be covered, but its accessories are not uniform due to different sizes and specifications. As a result, the circuit breaker manufacturer's model products are complicated, and it is impossible to unify and standardize, resulting in economic waste, and it is very inconvenient for the customer to use. Therefore, the problem must be changed in the accessory combination method and method of the circuit breaker. To overcome the above difficulties.
實際上客戶用電狀況各個不同,使用斷路器狀況也不同,甚至一些斷路器製造廠家,其型錄的規格只能以「混亂」來形容,以致結合上述種種因素,往往造成客戶要在斷路器增加附件功能困難重重,甚至要拆盤大整修,或者面臨必須重做的命運。尤其是各個製造廠家其通用的指示附件如輔助接點、警報接點等,有時不能通用。且其主要元件微動開關也可能故障,會造成指示錯誤不正確的狀況發生,而且當年久損耗的狀況下,斷路器的接點狀態,在實際的作用下,可能無法得到正確狀態指示,譬如微動開關故障、機械元件裝置位移、接點有空接現象、接點熔接現象,導致由外部的指示狀態指示錯誤,造成判讀甚至影響用電的安全性。同理在電磁開關的狀況也如同斷路器一般,在輔助接點的作用中,就可能忽略 了接點有空接現象,或者接點熔接的現象發生而不知情。為了工安的需求及避免製造的資源浪費現象,以及改善維修時必須開盤門並用電錶量測,以及必須拆線、拆銅排、拆開關……等,無論在製造時以及日後維護上皆有安全上、經濟上的疑慮。 In fact, the customer's power usage is different, and the condition of the circuit breaker is different. Even some circuit breaker manufacturers can only describe the specifications of the circuit breaker as "chaotic", so that in combination with the above factors, the customer often needs to be in the circuit breaker. It is difficult to add attachments, even to renovate, or to face the fate of having to redo. In particular, the common indication accessories of various manufacturers, such as auxiliary contacts and alarm contacts, are sometimes not universal. Moreover, the main component micro-switch may also malfunction, which may cause an incorrect indication condition to occur, and in the case of long-term loss, the contact state of the circuit breaker may not be able to obtain a correct status indication under actual action, such as micro-motion. Switch failure, displacement of mechanical components, gaps in contacts, and splices of contacts cause an indication of an external indication status error, resulting in interpretation or even affecting the safety of power usage. In the same way, the condition of the electromagnetic switch is also like a circuit breaker. In the role of the auxiliary contact, it may be ignored that the contact is not connected, or the phenomenon of contact welding is not known. In order to meet the needs of work safety and avoid waste of manufacturing resources, as well as to improve the maintenance, it is necessary to open the door and measure with the meter, and must remove the wire, remove the copper bar, remove the switch, etc., both in manufacturing and in future maintenance. Safety and economic concerns.
當斷路器處在OFF的狀態下以為在二次側施工即是安全,其實不然,斷路器在OFF的狀態下,在二次側施工也可能會電死人。因為會有逆送電(逆相)的問題,或者在接地不良的情況下,二次側有浮升電壓,會造成感電事故。此種狀況時有所聞,皆是因為沒有一個良好的指示狀態裝置的判斷依據,而造成維修人員的誤判,甚而造成工安事故。 When the circuit breaker is in the OFF state, it is safe to work on the secondary side. In fact, if the circuit breaker is in the OFF state, it may be electrocuted on the secondary side. There is a problem of reverse power transmission (reverse phase), or in the case of poor grounding, there is a floating voltage on the secondary side, which may cause a power failure. This situation is sometimes heard because there is no good basis for judging the state of the device, which leads to misjudgment by the maintenance personnel and even a work safety accident.
有鑑於上述情形,對於盤面的指示顯示單元,就必須依賴傳統舊有的方式在斷路器或者電磁開關做許多配線的工作,在設計製造時必須花費許多的人力及材料資源,在製造完成後,更是對於維修人員在品管檢驗上造成莫大的困擾,目前都是必須依賴電錶儀器加上目測檢驗及經驗判讀來處理,造成種種困擾。 In view of the above situation, for the indicator display unit of the disk surface, it is necessary to rely on the traditional old way to do a lot of wiring work on the circuit breaker or the electromagnetic switch, and it is necessary to spend a lot of manpower and material resources in design and manufacture, after the manufacturing is completed, It is also a great problem for the maintenance personnel in the quality control inspection. At present, it must rely on the meter instrument plus visual inspection and experience interpretation to deal with it, causing various problems.
綜合上述原因,本發明提出一種通用性且簡易安裝但動作指示確實牢靠的一種裝置,可以解決上述的問題,並可解決客戶各種狀況需求不同,無論使用任何的斷路器以及電磁開關皆可使用的裝置,克服了不同廠家、不同規格、尺寸的問題,大大提昇了用電的穩定性及經濟性。 In view of the above reasons, the present invention provides a device that is versatile and easy to install but has a reliable action indication, can solve the above problems, and can solve various needs of customers in various situations, regardless of the use of any circuit breaker and electromagnetic switch. The device overcomes the problems of different manufacturers, different specifications and sizes, and greatly improves the stability and economy of power consumption.
本發明之主要目的在提供一種構造簡單、安裝方便、辨識功能正確的開關接點狀態顯示裝置,可以全方位的使用在任何廠牌、規格、 尺寸的上述各種功能需求的解決方案,使得開關接點的狀態正確無誤顯示裝置變得簡易可行與實用方便性,且可替換性,提昇電氣設備使用上的安全性與經濟性。 The main object of the present invention is to provide a switch contact state display device with simple structure, convenient installation and correct identification function, which can comprehensively use the solution of any of the above various functional requirements of any brand, specification and size, so that the switch is connected. The state of the point is correct and the display device becomes simple and feasible, practical and convenient, and replaceable, improving the safety and economy in the use of electrical equipment.
為達到上述目的,本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置必須有以下基本功能:①各相電壓指示功能、②電源指示功能、③欠相狀態指示、④逆送電指示功能、⑤ON、OFF、Trip指示功能;⑥接點熔接指示功能、⑦漏電狀態顯示、⑧過載狀態顯示、⑨相序狀態指示、⑩事故狀態指示功能。必須能夠一同顯示在一面板上,或者能夠隨意增減功能,並可擴充追加常用以上功能。 In order to achieve the above object, the switch contact state display device of the present invention must have the following basic functions: 1 phase voltage indication function, 2 power supply indication function, 3 phase loss state indication, 4 reverse power transmission indication function, 5 ON, OFF, and Trip indication function. ; 6 contact welding indication function, 7 leakage status display, 8 overload status display, 9 phase sequence status indication, 10 accident status indication function. Must be able to be displayed together on a panel, or can be added or removed at will, and can be extended to add more commonly used functions.
又為達到電源指示功能以及各相電壓指示功能的要求,可以將線路上對於要量測之開關電源側各相電源,以及開關負載側的各相電源電性連接於開關旁之一盒體,經由盒體內部電源轉換電路,判讀是否來電,並顯示各相對地的電性,並顯示於面板上,如此即可達到對於開關接點之各相電壓顯示以及電源顯示之功能。 In order to meet the requirements of the power indication function and the voltage indication function of each phase, the phase power supply on the switching power supply side and the phase power supply on the switching load side of the switch can be electrically connected to one of the boxes next to the switch. Through the internal power conversion circuit of the box, it is judged whether the incoming call is made, and the relative electrical properties are displayed and displayed on the panel, so that the functions of the voltage display and the power display of each phase of the switch contact can be achieved.
為達到欠相狀態指示功能,將開關電源側以及負載側的接點電性連接至本裝置,若電源側與負載側非等電位,則可判讀有欠相狀態,此時微處理器輸出之開關狀態信號電性連接至顯示面板,如此即可達到上述功能之要求。 In order to achieve the under-phase status indication function, the contacts on the switching power supply side and the load side are electrically connected to the device. If the power supply side and the load side are not equipotential, the under-phase state can be interpreted, and the microprocessor outputs The switch state signal is electrically connected to the display panel, so that the above functions can be achieved.
為達到逆送電狀態指示功能,將開關電源側以及負載側的接點電性連接至本裝置,若電源側沒有電,但負載有電源,則可判讀有逆送電之狀態,此時微處理器輸出之開關狀態信號電性連接至顯示面板,如此 即可達到上述功能之要求。 In order to achieve the reverse power status indication function, the contacts on the switching power supply side and the load side are electrically connected to the device. If there is no power on the power supply side, but the load is powered, the reverse power transmission state can be read. The output switch status signal is electrically connected to the display panel, so that the above functions can be achieved.
為達到開關ON狀態指示功能,將開關電源側以及負載側的接點電性連接至本裝置,若電源側有電,負載側也有電,則可判讀有開關ON狀態。為達到開關OFF狀態或Trip狀態指示功能,將開關電源側以及負載側的接點電性連接至本裝置,若電源側有電,負載側沒有電,則可判讀有開關為OFF狀態或者為Trip的狀態,此時可以在CB外部或內部加裝一OFF輔助接點,如微動開關,即可分辨為OFF或Trip的狀態,此時微處理器輸出之開關狀態信號電性連接至顯示面板,如此即可達到上述功能之要求。 In order to achieve the switch ON state indication function, the contacts on the switching power supply side and the load side are electrically connected to the device. If there is power on the power supply side and there is power on the load side, the switch ON state can be read. In order to achieve the switch OFF state or the Trip state indication function, the contacts on the switching power supply side and the load side are electrically connected to the device. If there is power on the power supply side and there is no power on the load side, the switch can be read as OFF or Trip. In this state, an OFF auxiliary contact, such as a micro switch, can be added to the outside or inside the CB to resolve the state of OFF or Trip. At this time, the switch output signal of the microprocessor output is electrically connected to the display panel. This will meet the requirements of the above functions.
為達到開關接點熔接狀態指示功能,將開關電源側以及負載側的接點電性連接至本裝置,此時外加一分路跳脫線圈,當分路跳脫線圈作動時,開關二次負載側若是與電源等電位,則即表示該開關接點有熔接現象。同理也可以用手動方式押住開關的跳脫按鈕開關,由目測得知目前開關是否有接點熔接的現象,測試是否熔接必須在允許的情況下進行,如歲修或測試安全無虞,且系統不致於因測試造成損害者。 In order to achieve the switch contact welding state indication function, the contact point on the switching power supply side and the load side is electrically connected to the device, and at this time, a shunt trip coil is added, and when the shunt trip coil is actuated, the switch secondary load is applied. If the side is equipotential to the power source, it means that the switch contact has a fusion phenomenon. Similarly, the trip button of the switch can be manually held, and it is visually determined whether the current switch has a joint fusion phenomenon, and whether the welding must be performed under the permission, such as the old repair or the test is safe and flawless, and The system will not cause damage due to testing.
為達到開關能夠有漏電狀態指示功能,可以在開關的二次負載側,加上零相比流器或者漏電檢測保護電驛以ΣI≠0時,即可瞭解得知線路開關的迴路中是否有漏電的狀態,此時微處理器輸出之開關狀態信號電性連接至顯示面板,如此即可達到上述功能之要求。 In order to achieve the function of indicating the leakage state of the switch, it is possible to know whether there is any circuit in the circuit of the line switch by adding zero current comparator or leakage detection protection power to the secondary load side of the switch. In the state of leakage, the switch state signal outputted by the microprocessor is electrically connected to the display panel, so that the above functions can be achieved.
為達到開關能夠瞭解系統是否為過載之狀態,可以利用系統上之電磁開關,利用電磁開關本身之積熱過載電驛的接點來達到過載狀態的指示狀態功能,另一種實施方式為在電子電路的設計上,設有一設定迴路以及一比較迴路,得知是否在過載之現象,如此即可達到過載指示狀態 之功能。 In order to achieve the state that the switch can understand whether the system is overloaded, the electromagnetic switch on the system can be utilized to use the contact point of the thermal overload electric power of the electromagnetic switch to achieve the indication state function of the overload state, and the other embodiment is in the electronic circuit. In the design, there is a set loop and a comparison loop to know whether it is overloaded, so that the function of the overload indication state can be achieved.
同理為達到開關能夠有相序狀態的指示功能,可以在開關一次電源側電性連接電子迴路,內部內鍵有相序順序檢測裝置,如此即可達到當系統迴路中相序如果必須判讀時,不須要再用儀器檢測,並可確保系統迴路的安全性。 In the same way, in order to achieve the indication function that the switch can have a phase sequence state, the electronic circuit can be electrically connected to the primary power supply side of the switch, and the internal internal key has a phase sequence sequence detecting device, so that when the phase sequence in the system loop must be interpreted, , no need to use instrument testing, and can ensure the safety of the system loop.
為達到開關能夠在事故狀態具保護功能,可以在開發負載側電性連接至電子迴路,並且設定其事故值的比較迴路,如此即可達到事故發生時的狀態指示。若是非上述故障狀態,且判讀為Trip狀態,則可確定為短路事故狀態。 In order to achieve the protection function of the switch in the accident state, the development side can be electrically connected to the electronic circuit and the comparison circuit of the accident value can be set, so that the state indication at the time of the accident can be achieved. If it is not the above fault state, and it is interpreted as the Trip state, it can be determined as a short circuit accident state.
以上的實施方式案例,為系統有電時的檢測方法,當系統沒有電源輸入時,本裝置內鍵有備用電池組的輸入,可以在沒有電源輸入狀況時,也能夠做檢測及簡易測試的功能。 The above embodiment case is a detection method when the system is powered. When the system has no power input, the input button of the device has the input of the backup battery pack, and can perform the function of detection and simple test when there is no power input condition. .
以上開關接點狀態顯示裝置,能夠有正常電源供應中,即可得知所有的狀態功能,並且如果沒有電源供應時,也可由內建電子迴路以及內部或外加電池組,來了解狀態。並且在盒體與指示狀態顯示面板間中間也可以排線方式連接,以利狀態顯示面板可以在盤面或盤內指示,大大提昇用電的品質。 The above switch contact status display device can be used in the normal power supply to know all the status functions, and if there is no power supply, the built-in electronic circuit and the internal or external battery pack can be used to understand the status. And in the middle between the box body and the indication state display panel, the cable can also be connected in a line manner, so that the state display panel can be indicated on the disk surface or the disk, thereby greatly improving the quality of power consumption.
10‧‧‧斷路器 10‧‧‧Circuit breaker
11‧‧‧斷路器電源側 11‧‧‧ Circuit breaker power supply side
12‧‧‧斷路器負載側 12‧‧‧ Circuit breaker load side
15‧‧‧跳脫按鈕開關 15‧‧‧Button button switch
16‧‧‧把手 16‧‧‧Handles
17‧‧‧輔助微動開關 17‧‧‧Auxiliary micro switch
18‧‧‧分路跳脫線圈 18‧‧‧Split trip coil
20‧‧‧開關接點狀態顯示裝置 20‧‧‧Switch contact status display device
21‧‧‧端子 21‧‧‧ terminals
22‧‧‧盒體 22‧‧‧Box
23‧‧‧指撥開關Dip sw 23‧‧‧Dial switch Dip sw
24‧‧‧顯示面板 24‧‧‧ display panel
25‧‧‧乾接點輸出端子 25‧‧‧ dry contact output terminal
26‧‧‧顯示面板端子 26‧‧‧Display panel terminals
27‧‧‧盒體端子 27‧‧‧Box terminal
28‧‧‧排線 28‧‧‧ cable
30‧‧‧電子電路 30‧‧‧Electronic circuits
32‧‧‧微處理器(CPU) 32‧‧‧Microprocessor (CPU)
41‧‧‧欠相指示燈 41‧‧‧ Under-phase indicator
42‧‧‧逆相指示燈 42‧‧‧Reverse phase indicator
43‧‧‧ON指示燈 43‧‧‧ON indicator
44‧‧‧OFF指示燈 44‧‧‧OFF indicator
45‧‧‧Trip指示燈 45‧‧‧Trip indicator
46‧‧‧漏電指示燈 46‧‧‧Leakage indicator
47‧‧‧過載指示燈 47‧‧‧Overload indicator
48‧‧‧短路指示燈 48‧‧‧Short-circuit indicator
49‧‧‧相序指示燈 49‧‧‧phase sequence indicator
50‧‧‧熔接指示燈 50‧‧‧ welding indicator
51‧‧‧電源指示燈 51‧‧‧Power indicator
52‧‧‧R相指示燈 52‧‧‧R phase indicator
53‧‧‧S相指示燈 53‧‧‧S phase indicator
54‧‧‧T相指示燈 54‧‧‧T phase indicator
55‧‧‧N相指示燈 55‧‧‧N phase indicator
56‧‧‧U相指示燈 56‧‧‧U phase indicator
57‧‧‧V相指示燈 57‧‧‧V phase indicator
58‧‧‧W相指示燈 58‧‧‧W phase indicator
59‧‧‧G相指示燈 59‧‧‧G phase indicator
70‧‧‧漏電保護電驛 70‧‧‧Leakage protection
71‧‧‧積熱保護電驛 71‧‧‧ Thermal protection
72‧‧‧零相比流器 72‧‧‧ Zero comparator
80‧‧‧相序保護電驛 80‧‧‧ phase sequence protection
90‧‧‧蓄電裝置 90‧‧‧Power storage device
91‧‧‧外部電源輸入端子台 91‧‧‧External power input terminal block
第1圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置在CB上的外觀示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the switch contact state display device of the present invention on the CB.
第2圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置在CB旁邊的外觀示意圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the appearance of the switch contact state display device of the present invention beside the CB.
第3圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置顯示面板與本體連結的外觀示意圖。 Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the connection between the display panel and the main body of the switch contact state display device of the present invention.
第4圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置的動作狀態邏輯表。 Fig. 4 is a logic diagram showing the operation state of the switch contact state display device of the present invention.
第5圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置的動作順序方塊流程表。 Fig. 5 is a block flow chart showing the operation sequence of the switch contact state display device of the present invention.
第6圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置的電子電路之電路圖。 Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of an electronic circuit of the switch contact state display device of the present invention.
第7圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置的內部裝置示意圖。 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal device of the switch contact state display device of the present invention.
第8圖是本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置開關內部附分路跳脫及補助微動開關示意圖。 Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the branching tripping and the auxiliary microswitch of the switch contact state display device switch of the present invention.
依據本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20,所實施的裝置較佳實施例,如第1圖所示,開關接點狀態顯示裝置20,是固定在斷路器10上方,盒體22內部設有電子電路30、微處理器32(請參閱第6圖),其斷路器10的電源側11及負載側12的端子,分別與開關接點狀態顯示裝置20的對應端子21電性連接到電子電路30。盒體22上方並有一指撥開關23,可依系統需求選擇。此時,各點對地的電壓值,可由電子電路30量測出來是否有電壓值的存在。請參閱第6圖,各點對地是否有電壓值的訊號電性連接到微處理器32,依第4圖預設的動作狀態邏輯表,演算以得知開關接點的狀態,其狀態並由微處理器32輸出到顯示板24控制對應指示燈號的亮滅。其狀態並可電性連接至乾接點輸出端子25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 According to the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, a preferred embodiment of the device is implemented. As shown in FIG. 1, the switch contact state display device 20 is fixed above the circuit breaker 10, and the inside of the casing 22 is provided with electrons. The circuit 30 and the microprocessor 32 (refer to FIG. 6), the terminals of the power supply side 11 and the load side 12 of the circuit breaker 10 are electrically connected to the corresponding terminals 21 of the switch contact state display device 20 to the electronic circuit 30, respectively. . Above the box 22 is a dip switch 23, which can be selected according to system requirements. At this time, the voltage value of each point to the ground can be measured by the electronic circuit 30 to see if there is a voltage value. Please refer to FIG. 6 , whether the signal with voltage value at each point is electrically connected to the microprocessor 32, according to the preset operation state logic table of FIG. 4, the calculation is performed to know the state of the switch contact, and the state thereof is The output from the microprocessor 32 to the display panel 24 controls the lighting of the corresponding indicator number. Its state can be electrically connected to the dry contact output terminal 25 as an output contact for other applications.
如第2圖所示則為本發明的第2實施例,若斷路器10的側邊仍有空間,此時開關接點狀態顯示裝置20可設計於斷路器10的側邊。盒體22內部設有電子電路30、蓄電裝置90、積熱保護電驛71、漏電保護電驛70、相序保護電驛80及微處理器32(請參閱第7圖),其斷路器10的電源側11及負載側12的端子,分別與開關接點狀態顯示裝置20的對應端子21電性連接到 電子電路30。盒體22上方並有一指撥開關23,可依系統需求選擇。此時,各點對地的電壓值,可由電子電路30量測出來是否有電壓值的存在。請參閱第6圖,各點對地是否有電壓值的訊號電性連接到微處理器32,依第4圖預設的動作狀態邏輯表,演算以得知開關接點的狀態,其狀態並由微處理器32輸出到顯示板24控制對應指示燈號的亮滅。其狀態並可電性連接至乾接點輸出端子25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。開關接點狀態顯示裝置20的代號及功能均相同於第1圖。 As shown in Fig. 2, the second embodiment of the present invention is provided. If there is still space on the side of the circuit breaker 10, the switch contact state display device 20 can be designed on the side of the circuit breaker 10. The inside of the casing 22 is provided with an electronic circuit 30, a power storage device 90, a thermal protection device 71, a leakage protection device 70, a phase sequence protection device 80, and a microprocessor 32 (refer to FIG. 7), and the circuit breaker 10 thereof. The terminals of the power supply side 11 and the load side 12 are electrically connected to the electronic circuit 30 to the corresponding terminals 21 of the switch contact state display device 20, respectively. Above the box 22 is a dip switch 23, which can be selected according to system requirements. At this time, the voltage value of each point to the ground can be measured by the electronic circuit 30 to see if there is a voltage value. Please refer to FIG. 6 , whether the signal with voltage value at each point is electrically connected to the microprocessor 32, according to the preset operation state logic table of FIG. 4, the calculation is performed to know the state of the switch contact, and the state thereof is The output from the microprocessor 32 to the display panel 24 controls the lighting of the corresponding indicator number. Its state can be electrically connected to the dry contact output terminal 25 as an output contact for other applications. The code and function of the switch contact state display device 20 are the same as in FIG.
續參考第3圖,則為本發明的第三實施例,例如某些應用必須將開關接點狀態顯示於配電箱體表面時,此時開關接點狀態顯示裝置20的顯示面板24必須與盒體22採分離式之設計。顯示面板24及盒體22各增設有信號連接端子座26及27,端子座26、27以公母防呆方式設計,經由排線28進行信號的連結,以俾於顯示面板24可安裝於所欲之對應位置。 Referring to FIG. 3, it is a third embodiment of the present invention. For example, when some applications must display the state of the switch contacts on the surface of the power distribution box, the display panel 24 of the switch contact state display device 20 must be connected to the box. The body 22 adopts a separate design. The display panel 24 and the casing 22 are respectively provided with signal connection terminal blocks 26 and 27, and the terminal blocks 26 and 27 are designed in a male-female foolproof manner, and signals are connected via the cable 28 so that the display panel 24 can be mounted on the display panel 24 The corresponding position.
如第4圖所示為本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20系統電路的示意圖及對應動作狀態邏輯表。經由電子電路30量測,可得知一次側及二次側各相電壓是否存在。所量測的各相電壓是否存在之信號並送進微處理器32,經動作狀態邏輯表得知開關接點的狀態。例如第一列一次側及二次側各相皆有電壓存在,其代表開關狀態為ON。此時顯示面板24的燈號計有Power 51、ON 43、R 52、S 53、T 54、N 55、U 56、V 57、W 58、G 59的燈亮起。而是否為熔接則可進一步於允許測試或歲修時判定(後敘)。 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the system circuit of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention and a corresponding operation state logic table. Through the measurement by the electronic circuit 30, it is known whether the voltages of the respective phases on the primary side and the secondary side are present. The measured signal of each phase voltage is sent to the microprocessor 32, and the state of the switch contact is known via the action state logic table. For example, the first column and the secondary side of the first column each have a voltage, which represents that the switch state is ON. At this time, the lamps of the display panel 24 are illuminated with lights 51, ON 43, R 52, S 53, T 54 , N 55, U 56, V 57, W 58, G 59. Whether it is a fusion or not can be further determined when the test is allowed or repaired at a later age (described later).
又例如當上述各相電壓進入電子電路30後,當一次電源側11有電壓而二次負載側12各相電壓有無電壓現象,此時微處理器32輸出信號至顯示面板24,使欠相的指示燈41亮。微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的 信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 For example, when the voltages of the respective phases enter the electronic circuit 30, when there is a voltage on the primary power supply side 11 and there is no voltage phenomenon on the voltages of the secondary load side 12, the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal to the display panel 24 to make the phase-out phase The indicator light 41 is on. The microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representative of the state of the switch and is coupled to the dry contact output terminal block 25 for use as an output contact for other applications.
同理,當上述各相電壓經電子電路30送進或微處理器32後,依動作狀態邏輯表上的功能需求,當一次側11沒有電壓而二次負載側12有電壓時,此時即可判讀有逆送電的現象,微處理器32輸出信號至顯示面板24,使逆相的指示燈42亮起。微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 Similarly, when the voltages of the above phases are fed into the microprocessor 32 via the electronic circuit 30, according to the functional requirements on the logic table of the operation state, when the primary side 11 has no voltage and the secondary load side 12 has voltage, then The phenomenon of reverse power transmission can be interpreted, and the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal to the display panel 24 to cause the reverse phase indicator light 42 to illuminate. The microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representative of the state of the switch and is coupled to the dry contact output terminal block 25 as an output contact for other applications.
依據上述各相電壓經電子電路30送進微處理器32後,依動作狀態邏輯表上的功能需求,當一次電源側11有電而二次負載側12沒有電源,此時有兩種可能性,一為啟斷OFF的狀態,一為跳脫Trip的狀態。此時信號進入到內部微處理器32,若是在斷路器10上更佳的方式,是有一種輔助微動開關17在斷路器10內部位置,當OFF位置的輔助微動開關17(請參閱第8圖)有動作時,則代表目前是在OFF的狀態。若不是,則表示目前是處在跳脫Trip的狀態。此時微處理器32輸出信號至顯示面板24使OFF的指示燈44亮或Trip的指示燈45亮,微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 According to the functional requirements on the operating state logic table, the voltages of the respective phases are sent to the microprocessor 32 via the electronic circuit 30. When the primary power supply side 11 has power and the secondary load side 12 has no power supply, there are two possibilities. One is the state of turning off the OFF, and the other is the state of tripping the Trip. At this time, the signal enters the internal microprocessor 32. If it is better on the circuit breaker 10, there is an auxiliary micro switch 17 in the internal position of the circuit breaker 10, and an auxiliary micro switch 17 in the OFF position (see Fig. 8). When there is an action, it means that it is currently in the OFF state. If not, it means that it is currently in a state of jumping off the Trip. At this time, the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal to the display panel 24 to turn off the OFF indicator 44 or the Trip indicator 45 to light, and the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representing the state of the switch, and is connected to the dry contact output terminal block 25, As an output contact for other applications.
如前述,當一次電源側11及二次負載側12的皆有電壓信號時表示開關狀態信號為ON或熔接。測試時可於斷路器10內部設置分路跳脫線圈18(請參閱第8圖),在斷路器10跳脫無虞的前題下,微處理器32送出分路跳脫線圈18觸發的控制信號使跳脫線圈動作,此時若二次負載側12沒有電壓,則表示斷路器10接點沒有熔接,又當二次負載側12依然有電壓源時,則代表斷路器10接點已經有熔接的現象。若不增設跳脫線圈18,當然也可以依手動的方式按下斷路器10上的跳脫按鈕開關15,若按下跳脫按鈕開關 15,而ON指示燈43始終亮起,即表式為熔接狀態,熔接的指示燈50亮起。 As described above, when both the power source side 11 and the secondary load side 12 have a voltage signal, it indicates that the switch state signal is ON or welded. During the test, the branch trip coil 18 can be arranged inside the circuit breaker 10 (please refer to FIG. 8). Under the premise that the circuit breaker 10 is tripped, the microprocessor 32 sends out the control of the split trip coil 18 to be triggered. The signal causes the trip coil to operate. At this time, if there is no voltage on the secondary load side 12, it means that the circuit breaker 10 contact is not welded, and when the secondary load side 12 still has a voltage source, it represents that the circuit breaker 10 contact has already been The phenomenon of welding. If the trip coil 18 is not added, the trip button switch 15 on the circuit breaker 10 can be pressed in a manual manner. If the trip button switch 15 is pressed, the ON indicator 43 is always on, that is, the expression is In the spliced state, the fused indicator light 50 illuminates.
依據本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20之設計,可於一次電源側11及二次負載側12增設有零相比流器72(請參閱第6圖),若一次電源側11輸入電流不等於二次側12輸出電流,亦即ΣI≠0時,如此即可瞭解判讀是否有漏電的狀況。此時微處理器32輸出信號至顯示面板24使漏電的指示燈46亮起,微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。另一種實施方式為(請參閱第7圖),若外部接有漏電保護電驛70裝置,當發生漏電狀態時,由漏電保護電驛70的接點信號輸入到本裝置20內部的微處理器32做判讀,也可達到上述功能。 According to the design of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, the zero current comparator 72 can be added to the primary power supply side 11 and the secondary load side 12 (refer to FIG. 6), if the primary power supply side 11 input current is not equal to The secondary side 12 outputs current, that is, ΣI ≠ 0, so that it can be understood whether there is a leakage condition. At this time, the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal to the display panel 24 to light up the leakage indicator light 46, and the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representing the state of the switch, and is connected to the dry contact output terminal block 25 for other applications. Output contact. Another embodiment is (refer to FIG. 7). If the leakage protection device 70 is externally connected, when the leakage state occurs, the contact signal of the leakage protection device 70 is input to the microprocessor inside the device 20. 32 to do the interpretation, can also achieve the above functions.
同理,依據本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20之設計,若設計有積熱保護電驛71裝置(請參閱第7圖),當過載時造成積熱電驛71動作,由積熱電驛71的接點信號輸入到本裝置20內部的微處理器32做判讀表示過載(請參閱第6圖)。此時微處理器32輸出信號至顯示面板24使過載的指示燈47亮起,微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 Similarly, according to the design of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, if a device for accumulating heat protection device 71 is designed (refer to FIG. 7), when the overload occurs, the heat generating device 71 acts, and the heat generating device 71 is operated. The contact signal input to the microprocessor 32 inside the device 20 is interpreted to indicate an overload (see Figure 6). At this time, the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal to the display panel 24 to light up the overloaded indicator light 47, and the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representing the state of the switch, and is connected to the dry contact output terminal block 25 for other applications. Output contact.
依據本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20之設計,若設計有相序保護電驛80(請參閱第7圖),將其動作狀態接點直接輸入到本裝置20,並經由內部微處理器32做判讀,此時微處理器32輸出開關狀態信號至顯示面板24使相序的指示燈49亮起,微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 According to the design of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, if the phase sequence protection device 80 (see FIG. 7) is designed, the action state contact is directly input to the device 20, and via the internal microprocessor 32. At the same time, the microprocessor 32 outputs a switch status signal to the display panel 24 to cause the phase sequence indicator light 49 to illuminate, the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representative of the switch state, and is connected to the dry contact output terminal block 25, As an output contact for other applications.
依據本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20之設計,當一次電源側11及二次負載側12的電壓源輸入,進入到內部微處理器32分析比較,若是 非第4圖之動作狀態邏輯表的開關狀態,則表示為事故狀態。此時微處理器32會發出一組信號至顯示面板24上使短路的指示燈48亮,微處理器32所輸出代表開關狀態的信號,並連接到乾接點輸出端子座25,以做為其他應用的輸出接點。 According to the design of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, when the voltage source input of the primary power supply side 11 and the secondary load side 12 is input, the internal microprocessor 32 is analyzed and compared, if it is not the operation state logic table of FIG. The switch status is indicated as an accident status. At this time, the microprocessor 32 sends a set of signals to the display panel 24 to light the shorted indicator light 48, and the microprocessor 32 outputs a signal representing the state of the switch, and is connected to the dry contact output terminal block 25 as a Output contacts for other applications.
以上所述之開關狀態顯示原理,主要判定核心為微處理器32,微處理器32的程式執行流程圖詳如第5圖所示。 The switch state display principle described above, the main decision core is the microprocessor 32, and the program execution flow chart of the microprocessor 32 is as shown in FIG.
本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置20之設計,原則上當電源側有電源時,上述所做動作皆會如期達成,外部電源係經電源輸入端子台91連接。但是當外部沒有電源輸入時,本裝置20在功能上就無法使用,因此在本開關接點狀態顯示裝置20內部並設有一組蓄電裝置90,當外部電源失效時,亦可由蓄電裝置90供電,使開關接點狀態顯示裝置20正常運作,外觀如第7圖所示。 In the design of the switch contact state display device 20 of the present invention, in principle, when the power supply side has a power supply, the above-mentioned actions are achieved as scheduled, and the external power source is connected via the power input terminal block 91. However, when there is no external power input, the device 20 is not functionally usable. Therefore, a set of power storage devices 90 is provided inside the switch contact state display device 20, and when the external power source fails, the power storage device 90 can also be powered. The switch contact state display device 20 is normally operated, and the appearance is as shown in FIG.
綜上所述,本發明開關接點狀態顯示裝置,可安裝各開關旁邊,並有排線可連接至盤面,透過電子電路等週邊量測開關一次側及二次側的各相序電壓、電流、保護電驛等信號,並經微處理器依動作邏輯狀態表判定開關狀態,以顯示於顯示面板,並具備乾接點輸出端子,透過內部機械的結構以及內部控制元件,可以解決各種特殊需求之應用,深具產業之利用性,且查市面上之相關產品及已核准之專利公告中,並未見與本發明實質之技術特徵相同者,亦符合新穎性及進步性之法定專利申請要件。援依法提出專利申請,懇請貴 審查委員能早日賜予本案專利,以確保申請人之權益。惟本案所揭露者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例,自不能以此限定本發明之權利範圍,凡依本發明精神所作之等效變更或修飾者,仍涵蓋 於本發明之申請專利範圍中。 In summary, the switch contact state display device of the present invention can be installed next to each switch, and has a cable connected to the disk surface, and through the electronic circuit and other peripheral measuring switches, the phase and voltage of each phase and current of the secondary side The signal is protected by the microprocessor, and the state of the switch is determined by the microprocessor according to the action logic state table to be displayed on the display panel, and has a dry contact output terminal, which can solve various special requirements through the internal mechanical structure and internal control components. The application, the use of the industry, and the related products in the market and the approved patent announcements, do not see the same technical features as the essence of the present invention, and also meet the statutory patent application requirements of novelty and progress. . To apply for a patent application in accordance with the law, you are requested to give the examination committee an early grant of the patent to ensure the applicant's rights and interests. However, the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are still covered by the scope of the present invention. in.
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