A 6 Π 6 經濟部中央標準局员工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（3) 〔産業上之利用分解〕 本發明為關於一種具備感應電動機作為捲揚馬達（ Motor)的捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置。 〔以往之技術〕 圖11為例如日本恃開昭51-33451號公報所掲示之以往 的捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置之電路圖。1為三相感應 電動機，偽由三相電源線R, S, T供給三相交流電流。2 為用以檢出供給三相感應電動機1之電力之電力檢出器， 3為，用以將該電力檢出器2之輸出變換為電壓或其他電 量的變換器。 4為用以判斷變換器3之輸出是否超過超載檢出之基 準值之比較器，遇超過所定之基準值時即産生輸出。5為 用以判斷三相感應電動機1是否處於開動狀態用之判別電 路，傑由延遲繼電器（Relay)等所構成。6為負載檢出電 路，其中包含邏輯積電路，只在比較器4及判別電路5及 雙方均産生輸出時才産生輸出。 按，三相電源線R, S, T係由未圖示之電源開關施行 開•閉。又，在三相感應電動機1之回轉軸之，經過同樣 未画示之減速裝置連結有吊貨用之索輪（Pulley)。 其次説明圖11之電動機超載檢出裝置之動作。圖12為 表示圖11之電動機超載檢出裝置之電壓與電力之關傜的動 作待性圖。 當如上述之捲揚機吊起額定載重以下之正常負載時， 起動時載重雖輕卻要將捲揚馬達加速而必要較大電力。因 ^紙張又度遑用中a黷家楳準(CNS)T4規格(210X297公;Jt) 3 81. 7. 20,000¾ (II) (請先閲讀背而之注意事項洱4寫本β 裝· 線< Λλ a 629952^___!li_ 五、發明説明（4) 此電力檢出器2將檢出一定值以上之較大電力。於是，雖 經濟部中央楳準局負工消伢合作社印製 (請先閲讀背而之注意事項丹填??本(' ( - * 載並輸 的判器應 時檢判邏 出狀 以檢及起 負、生 常 ，較感 物將時之 輸載 如用以為 於 W 産 正後比相 貨乃同 6 之超 成使 ，否 入電不 之然有三 之 2。 路 6 除 設要器是 輸別將 時 。未以 大 器出電 路消 傜 必出斷 號 Μ 路 載出於所 較出輸出 電以 置 ，檢判 信以電 負輸由 ， 量檢生檢 出， 裝即力以 出 W 積 常生但出 重力産載 檢機 出。電等 輸 Ρ 輯 正産，輸 之電將負 載動 檢題之器。 將Bf,邏 之不出生 重 ，4 止 負電 載問力電器 而動之 示將輸産 載後器由 該應 超之電繼機 出起 6 所 4 生不 定動較。 答感 機述算遲之 輸β路 線器産 6。 額起比出 應相 動下計延貴 生為電 實較時路轉過在是輸 將三 電有以由昂 産因出 之比同電蓮超，於生。置開 之具數藉而 將 檢12而了出之起示 。産出裝斷 1 機，因而雜 4ΒΙ,載 圖從終檢常吊所力後輸出源 題揚以率入複 器此負 在。動載正如線電動生檢電 課捲所功輸等 較旦 ， 將住起負行，虛大起産載從 之之 ，•之路 比οί此 ，穩與致施面之較在將超或 決往態壓令電 ,60因 後值將 ，將方12之也也機報 解以狀電指別 性路。 動力 5 出 1 一圖時 5 路路警 擬為之。揚判 間電出 起電路輸機另如載路電電出 明因述流捲的 瞬出輸。 小電之動 則超電積 發。發 所電答時 為檢無出 較別 4 電 ，出別輯 而態 C 上出應動 本紙張尺度遑用中國明家樣毕(CNS)肀4規格(210x297公A) 4 81. 7. 20,000¾ (II) 經濟部屮央標準局貝工消费合作杜印製 Λ 6 Π 6__ 五、發明説明（5) 本發明之第1發明乃為消除上述問題而完成者，其目 的為，提供一種可不必使用昂貴的電力檢出器及複雜的捲_ 揚指令輸入•延遲繼電電路等，而能判別是否為起動時， 而且在下降運轉時也能檢出超載狀態的捲揚機之電動機超 載檢出裝置者。 本發明之第2發明亦同樣為消除上述問題而完成者， 其目的為，提供一種可不必使用昂貴的電力檢出器及複雜 的捲揚指令輸入•延遲繼電器電路等，而能判別是否為起 動時，如於捲揚運轉中檢出超載時則將其輸出保持到進入 下降蓮動的安全而容易使用的捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝 置者。 〔解決課題之手段〕 本發明之第1發明之捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置為 ，具備：用以檢出捲揚機之感應電動機之回轉速度用之回 轉檢出器；用以檢出前述感應電動機之溫度用之溫度檢出 器；用以檢出外施於前述感應電動機之外施電壓用之電壓 檢出器；應答前述溫度檢出器所檢出之溫度檢出值及電壓 檢出器所檢出之電壓檢出值而決定感應電動機之基準回轉 速度之基準速度決定裝置；以及根據前述回轉檢出器所檢 出之回轉速度及前述基準速度決定裝置所決定之基準回轉 速度判別感應電動機之超載之判別裝置者。 又，本發明之第2發明之捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝 置為，具備；用以檢出捲揚機之感應電動機之回轉速度用 之回轉檢出器；用以檢出前述感應電動機之溫度用之溫度 本紙張尺度遑用中Β國家《準(CNS)T4規格(210X297公龙) ~ 81. 7. 20,000^ (11) (請先閲讀背而之注意事項丹塡寫本^ A 6η 6 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（6) 檢出器；用以檢出外施於前述感應電動機之外施電壓用之 電壓檢出器；根據前述溫度檢出器所檢出之溫度檢出值及 電壓檢出器所檢出之電壓檢出值決定感應電動機之基準回 轉速度用之基準速度決定裝置；當於捲揚蓮轉時前述回轉 檢出器所檢出之回轉速度為低於前述基準速度決定裝置所 決定之基準回轉速度時，即判定感應電動機為超載的超載 判別裝置，用以保持前述超載判別裝置之輸出，並應答捲 揚蓮轉之停止或下降蓮轉之開始而解除前述超載判別手段 輸出之保持的輸出保持裝置者。 〔作用〕 本發明之第1發明之捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置乃 根據電壓檢出器及溫度檢出器之檢出值決定感應電動機之 基準速度值，再將回轉檢出器所檢出之回轉速度與該基準 速度比較藉以判別感應電動機之超載狀態。 本發明之第2發明之捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置則 根據電壓檢出器及溫度檢出器之檢出值決定感應電動機之 基準速度，而於捲揚運轉時，若回轉檢出器所檢出之回轉 速度低於該基準速度時，超載判別裝置即判別感應電動機 之超載狀態，而將指示超載狀態之輸出保持到捲揚運轉之 停止或下降蓮轉之開始。 〔實施例〕 圖1為本發明之第1發明之實施例電動機超載檢出裝 置之電路圖。圖中，1為三相感應電動機，僳由三相電源 線R, S, T供給三相交流電流。7為由速度發電機（_ 本紙張尺度遑用中《國家楳準(CNS)T4規格(210X297公;《:) 81. 7. 20,000^(11) (請先閱讀背而之注意事項丹填寫本( Λ 6 Π 6 經濟部中央櫺準局β工消费合作杜印製 五、發明説明（7) Tachogenerator)所構成之回轉檢出器，用以輸出配合三 相感應電動機1之回轉方向及回轉速度之極性及大小的電 壓信號。8為電壓檢出器，用以將三相電源線R, S, T之 中的R, S線間電壓檢出並予輸出。9為溫度檢出器，用以 輸出配合三相感應電動機1之溫度的電壓信號。10為超載 檢出電路，用以配合電壓檢出器8及溫度檢出器9之輸出 而決定基準回轉速度值，依回轉檢出器7之輸出而判別起 動已終了後，按回轉檢出器7之輸出與基準速度值之比較 結果判別超載並産生輸出。 Η配合圖1〜圖3說明本發明之第1發明實施例捲揚機 之電動機超載檢出裝置之捲揚動作。圖2為圖1之電動機 超載檢出裝置之捲揚動作時之回轉速度特性圖。圖3為表 示圖1之電動機超載檢出裝置之捲揚動作時之基準速度S0 與電壓及溫度之關像的持性圖。 當捲揚額定載重以下之正常負載時，於時刻tl 一起動 即因強大的起動杻矩（Torque)而造成三相感應電動機1之 瞬時加速，而一時之間暫時到達超過同步速度S2之速度S3 ，但過了時刻t2附近以後，即在同步速度S2以下的速度S1 穩住。 超載檢出電路10將應答回轉檢出器7之從時刻tl起開 始産生表示捲揚回轉之極性的電壓信號而檢知捲揚起動。 又，超載檢出電路10將決定，對應於電壓檢出器8所檢出 之電壓，及溫度檢出器9所檢出之溫度的捲揚時之基準速 度S0。基準速度S0為依屬於溫度及電壓者，玆將對應於時A 6 Π 6 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (3) [Industry use decomposition] The present invention relates to a motor overload detection of a winch equipped with an induction motor as a motor Device. [Conventional Technology] FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of a motor overload detection device of a conventional winch shown in, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-33451. 1 is a three-phase induction motor, pseudo three-phase AC current is supplied by three-phase power lines R, S, T. 2 is an electric power detector for detecting the power supplied to the three-phase induction motor 1, and 3 is an inverter for converting the output of the electric power detector 2 into a voltage or other electric power. 4 is a comparator for judging whether the output of the converter 3 exceeds the reference value for overload detection, and generates an output when it exceeds a predetermined reference value. 5 is a judgment circuit for judging whether the three-phase induction motor 1 is in an on state, and is composed of a delay relay (Relay) and the like. 6 is a load detection circuit, which includes a logical product circuit, and the output is generated only when both the comparator 4 and the discrimination circuit 5 and both generate output. Press, the three-phase power lines R, S, T are opened and closed by the power switch (not shown). In addition, on the rotating shaft of the three-phase induction motor 1, a sheave (Pulley) for cargo lifting is connected via a speed reduction device (not shown). Next, the operation of the motor overload detection device of FIG. 11 will be described. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing the operation standby of the relationship between the voltage and power of the motor overload detection device of Fig. 11; When the hoisting machine as mentioned above hoists a normal load below the rated load, a large load is necessary to accelerate the hoisting motor although the load is light at the time of starting. Because ^ the paper is also used in the middle a school of Chinese standard (CNS) T4 specifications (210X297 g; Jt) 3 81. 7. 20,000¾ (II) (please read the precautions on the back of the Er 4 writing book β installation line < Λλ a 629952 ^ ___! li_ V. Description of the invention (4) This power detector 2 will detect a larger amount of power above a certain value. So, although the Central Bureau of Economics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed by the Cooperative Society ( Please read the back-up notes first. Dan filled this book ('(-* The judging device that contains and loses should be checked and checked out regularly to check the negative and normal, and more sensitive objects will be used as usual. I think that after the production of W, it is the super successor of the same product as the 6th. If it is not connected to the power, there will be two of three. No. 6 is not the only time when the device is input. The output of the MU is set by the output power of the comparison, the judgment letter is detected by the negative output of the electric quantity, and the detection is detected, and the load is generated to produce the product that is constantly generated but is produced by the gravity production inspection machine. When the product is in production, the power transmission will be loaded with the device to test the problem. The Bf, the logic is not born, and the indication that only the negative electric load is applied to the power equipment will be transferred to the device after the production. The relay will start from 6 and 4 students will be indefinitely moving. The response will be slower than the output of the beta-router 6. The amount will be lower than the corresponding time. Sandian has the same ratio with Dianlian as it is due to the production of Dianlian. It is shown by the number of units that are opened and the result is 12. The output is cut off 1 machine, so the 4BΙ is miscellaneous. After checking the load, the output source will be raised to enter the load of the device. The dynamic load is just like the power output of the line electric biopsy course, and it will live up to the negative line. Compared with the road of stability, the comparison between stability and application is to overpower or decisively control the electricity. After 60 days, the party will also report the 12th to the other way. 5 out of a picture when the 5 road police intend to do it. When the judgment is made, the circuit will be sent out. Another example is the circuit-based electricity output, which is due to the instantaneous output of the current volume. The action of the small electricity is over-charged. At the time of the answering, there was no difference between the four calls, and the answer was C. The response was on the paper. The size of the paper was adapted to the Chinese Ming Family Sample (CNS) 4 specifications (210x297 public A). 4 81. 7. 20,000 ¾ (II) Ministry of Economy Produced by the Central Standards Bureau's Beigong Consumer Cooperation Co., Ltd. Λ 6 Π 6__ V. Description of the invention (5) The first invention of the present invention was completed to eliminate the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a detection method that does not require the use of expensive electricity It can detect the overload of the motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine of the hoisting machine and the complicated winch command input / delay relay circuit, etc., which can determine whether it is at the time of starting, and can also detect the overload state during the down operation. The second invention of the present invention is also completed to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to provide a method that can distinguish whether it is a start without using an expensive power detector and a complicated winding command input delay relay circuit, etc. If the overload is detected during the hoisting operation, the output is kept until the motor overload detection device of the motor of the hoisting machine that is safe and easy to use when entering the falling lotion. [Means for Solving the Problems] The motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine according to the first invention of the present invention includes: a rotation detector for detecting the rotation speed of the induction motor of the hoisting machine; Temperature detector for temperature; voltage detector for detecting voltage applied outside the induction motor; response to temperature detection value and voltage detector detected by the temperature detector A reference speed determination device that determines the reference rotation speed of the induction motor based on the detected voltage value of the voltage; and determine the overload of the induction motor based on the rotation speed detected by the rotation detector and the reference rotation speed determined by the reference speed determination device To determine the device. Moreover, the motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine of the second invention of the present invention is provided with: a rotation detector for detecting the rotation speed of the induction motor of the hoisting machine; and a temperature for detecting the temperature of the induction motor The size of this paper is based on China National Standard (CNS) T4 (210X297 male) ~ 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (11) (please read the notes to the Dan Dan first ^ A 6η 6 Central Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Jubei Consumer Cooperative V. Description of invention (6) Detector; voltage detector for detecting voltage applied outside the aforementioned induction motor; temperature detected by the aforementioned temperature detector The detection value and the voltage detection value detected by the voltage detector determine the reference speed determining device for the reference rotation speed of the induction motor; the rotation speed detected by the aforementioned rotation detector is low when the lotus is turning At the reference rotation speed determined by the aforementioned reference speed determination device, it is determined that the induction motor is overloaded, which is used to maintain the output of the aforementioned overload determination device, and to respond to the stop or fall of the winding lotus At the beginning of the lotus turn, the output holding device that cancels the holding of the output of the aforementioned overload discrimination means. [Function] The motor overload detection device of the winch according to the first invention of the present invention is based on the detection of the voltage detector and the temperature detector The value determines the reference speed value of the induction motor, and then compares the rotation speed detected by the rotation detector with the reference speed to determine the overload state of the induction motor. The motor overload detection device of the second invention of the present invention is based on The detection values of the voltage detector and the temperature detector determine the reference speed of the induction motor, and during the winding operation, if the rotation speed detected by the rotation detector is lower than the reference speed, the overload discriminating device will discriminate The overload state of the induction motor, and the output indicating the overload state is maintained until the stop of the hoisting operation or the beginning of the downward rotation. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a motor overload detection device according to an embodiment of the first invention of the present invention In the figure, 1 is a three-phase induction motor, and three-phase AC current is supplied from the three-phase power lines R, S, and T. 7 is from the speed. Machine (_ This paper uses the National Standards (CNS) T4 Specification (210X297); ":) 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (11) (Please read the notes on the back of Dan's completed (Λ 6 Π 6 Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Precision Industry, β-Consumer Cooperation V. Description of invention (7) Tachogenerator), used to output the polarity and size of the rotation direction and speed of the three-phase induction motor 1 Voltage signal. 8 is a voltage detector, which is used to detect and output the voltage between the R and S lines of the three-phase power lines R, S, T. 9 is a temperature detector, which is used to output three The voltage signal of the temperature of the phase induction motor 1. 10 is an overload detection circuit, used to determine the reference rotation speed value according to the output of the voltage detector 8 and the temperature detector 9, and is judged according to the output of the rotation detector 7 After the start has been completed, the overload is judged according to the comparison between the output of the rotary detector 7 and the reference speed value and the output is generated. Η The operation of the motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the rotational speed of the motor overload detection device of Fig. 1 during the winding operation. Fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the reference speed S0 and the voltage and temperature during the winding operation of the motor overload detection device of Fig. 1. When the normal load below the rated load is hoisted, at time tl, a three-phase induction motor 1 is instantaneously accelerated due to a strong starting torque (Torque), and temporarily reaches a speed S3 that exceeds the synchronous speed S2. However, after the time t2 is around, the speed S1 below the synchronization speed S2 is stabilized. The overload detection circuit 10 responds to the rotation detector 7 and generates a voltage signal indicating the polarity of the winding rotation from time t1 to detect the start of the winding. In addition, the overload detection circuit 10 determines the reference speed S0 at the time of winding corresponding to the voltage detected by the voltage detector 8 and the temperature detected by the temperature detector 9. The reference speed S0 is dependent on the temperature and voltage, which will correspond to the time
Tk 先 閲 讀 背 而 之 注 意 事 項 % 本 本紙5良尺度遑用中家樣毕(CNS)T4規格(210X297公Λ) 7 81. 7. 20,000^(11) Λ 6 Π 6 經濟部屮央櫺準局貝工消费合作杜印製 五、發明説明（8) 刻t2,電壓VI之速度SO示於圖3。按，溫度Ti,溫度Τ2, 溫度Τ3為分別表示高溫，中溫，低溫時的情形。 超載檢出電路10將進而於時刻t2應答回轉檢出器7之 輸出，而於判別三相感應電動機1之起動為終了之後，從 回轉檢出器7所檢出之回轉速度S1為超過速度S0以上的狀 況判斷為額定以下之正常負載而不産生輸出。 另一方面，吊起超過額定載重之重量較大的貨物時， 將在低於基準速度S0之速度S4穩住。從而超載檢出電路10 將於時刻t2,判別三相感應電動機1之捲揚起動已終了後 ，判斷為超過額定載重之超載，而産生輸出。 Η配合圖1,圖4,圖5說明本發明之第1發明實施例 捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置之下降動作。圖4為圖1之 電動機超載檢出裝置之下降動作時的回轉速度特性圖。圖 5為表示圖1之電動機超載檢出裝置之下降動作時的基準 速度S0與電壓及溫度之闢偽的特性圖。於下降額定載重以 下之正常負載時也同樣，於時刻tl 一起動即因強大的起動 杻矩而造成三相感應電動機1之瞬時加速。因此，將大幅 超出正常速度S5而超速（Overshoot),但是過了時刻t2附 近以後即在同步速度S2以上之正常速度S5穩住。 超載檢出電路10將應答回轉檢出器7之從時刻tl起開 始産生表示下降回轉之極性的電壓信號，而檢知下降起動 。又，超載檢出電路10為，依電®檢出器8所檢出之電壓 VI及溫度檢出器9所檢出之溫度決定下降時之基準回轉速 度S0D。於時刻t2判別起動終了後，因檢出之回轉速度S5 本紙》尺度遑用中8B家楳準(CNS)T4規格(210X297公泄） 81. 7. 20,000^(11) (請先閲讀背而之注意事項^填寫本( 裝· 訂 線. Λ 6 Π 6 經濟部屮央標準局貞工消t合作杜印製 五、發明説明（9) 為低於基準速度SOD而判斷為額定載重以下之正常負載， 而不産生輸出。 然而，當吊起超過額定載重的重量較大之貨物時，將 在超過基準速度SOD之速度S6穩住。從而，超載檢出電路 1 0將於時刻t 2判別下降起動終了後，判斷為超過額定載重 之超載狀態而産生輸出。. 圖6為本發明之第2發明之第1實施例電動機超載檢 出裝置之電路圖。圖中，1為三相感應電動機，傜由三相 電源線R, S, T供給三相交流電流。7為速度發電機所構 成之回轉檢出器，用以輸出配合三相感應電動機1之回轉 方向及回轉速度之極性及大小的電壓信號。8為電壓檢出 器，用以將三相電源線R, S, T之中的R, S線間電壓檢出 並輸出。9為溫度檢出器，用以輸出配合三相感應電動機 1之溫度的電壓信號。10為超載檢出電路，用以配合電壓 檢出器8及溫度檢出器9之輸出決定基準回轉速度值，依 回轉檢出器7之輸出，判別起動已終了後，依回轉檢出器 7之輸出與基準值之比較結果判別超載並施行輸出。 11為操作電路，用以輸出捲揚指令信號llii及下降指 令信號11d。12為交流控制電路，用以按照控制電路11所 發出之捲揚指令信號llu,下降指令信號11d,變更供給三 相感應電動機1之三相電源線R, S, T之電壓的相序藉以 變更三相感應電動機1之回轉方向。按，下降指令信號 11d也將輸入超載檢出電路10。 茲配合圖3 ,圖6,圖7說明本發明之第2發明第1 本紙張尺度逍用中Β B家楳準(CNS) T4規格(210X297公«) 81. 7. 20,000^ (II) (請先閲讀背而之注意苹項¾塡寫本if Λ 6 Π 6 經濟部中央櫺準局β工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（10) 實施例捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置之動作。圖7為圖6 之電動機超載檢出裝置的捲揚動作時之回轉速度待性圖。 又，圖3為表示圖6之電動機超載檢出裝置的捲揚動作時 之基準速度S0與電壓及溫度之關僳的待性圖。 吊起額定載重以下之正常負載時，於時刻tl 一起動即 因強大的起動扭矩而造成三相感應電動機1之瞬時加速， 一時之間暫時到達超過同步速度S2的速度S3,但是過了時 刻t2附近以後，即穩住於同步速度S2以下之速度S1。 超載檢出電路10將應答回轉檢出器7之從時刻tl起開 始産生表示捲揚回轉之極性的電壓信號而檢知捲揚起動。 又，超載檢出電路10為，依電壓檢出器8所檢出之電壓， 及溫度檢出器9所檢出之溫度決定捲揚時之基準速度S0。 基準速度SO為依屬於溫度及電壓者，茲將對應於時刻t2, 電歷VI之速度SO示於圖3。按，溫度T1,溫度T2,溫度T3 為分別表示高溫，中溫，低溫時的情形。 超載檢出電路10將進而於時刻t2應答回轉檢出器7之 輸出，而判別三相感應電動機1之起動已終了後，從回轉 檢出器7所檢出之回轉速度S1為超過速度S0的狀況判斷負 載為額定以下之正常負載，而不産生輸出。 另一方面，吊起超過額定載重的重量較大之貨物時， 將在低於速度S0之速度S4穩住。於是，超載檢出電路10將 於時刻t 2 ,判別三相感應電動機1之捲揚起動為終了後， 判斷為超過額定載重之超載，而産生輸出並保持該輸出。 一接到操作電路11所發出之下降指令信號11D。超載檢出 本紙張尺度逍用中曲《家«毕(CNS)肀4規格(210x297公*) 81. 7. 20,000^(11) 10 (請先閲讀背而之注意事項孔塡寫本( 299526 Λ 6 Π 6 五、發明説明（11) 電路10即解除超載輸出之保持。因此，作業者可確知處於 經濟部屮央標準局员工消费合作杜印製 業 。電S電為回旦蓮並 t 在轉電動 2 作後轉 作 例作 之10之一降10M。回出電第 動了蓮 始 施操 ο 機路 1, 下路 例之輸應明 之終降 開 實，§1揚電機為在電纟 施成.小感發 例動下 再 2 中電 捲出動 1 為出 實所大相之 施起， η)第置出 之檢電路 1 檢Do3 機之三 2 實與見 to之裝 > 。例載應電機載11第電度含第 3 重可 t 檢 U 明出 Ϊ 同施超感出動超號 之發速不與 第載圖 ( 發檢Μ相實之相檢電 ，信 明度轉將均 之 ，該 鈕 2載§例2 例三載應而令 發速回出態 明的由 降 第超As施第施別超感從指 2 之之輸狀 發時。 下 之機II實之實判 c 相 。降 。第式 1 之成 2 蓮圖 撳 明動 $1 明本性轉三 持下同之方機 7 構 第降性 後 發電 i 第發 。極蓮斷保之相明流動器他 明下持 然 本例Dy明 2 作出降判之出例發交電出其 說 ，的 , 明施11發第動輸下出出發施本由應檢 。 9 轉俗 物 説實號 2 明之之為輸輸所實明 ，感轉報 圖蓮關 貨圖 2 信第説置 7 否之載111 説為相回情 ，揚之 下 OO 第令與 8 裝器是 7 超路第 87 三 ，的 8 捲度 放第之指均圖出出斷器除電明圖 ，依時向 。圖示速 而 合明降態合檢檢判出解作發合中可此方同合表轉 態配發下狀配載轉以檢即操 2 配例 ， 。轉相配為回 狀 玆2 之成玆超回向轉 ，要第茲施器號回例茲9 常 載第11構 機依方回中需與 實出信之施 圖正 超。 在路他 動 ，轉從轉不均 本檢壓機實 。之 (請先閲讀背而之注意事項再堝寫本( 本紙張尺度遑用中a Β家樣準(CNS)肀4規格(210x297公Λ) 11 81. 7. 20,000张（II) Λ 6 η 6 經濟部中央榣準局貝工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（12) 時之安定速度SND為，大於捲揚運轉時之安定速度SNU。於 是，以回轉檢出器7檢出三相感應電動機1之回轉速度， 而其回轉數為三相感應電動機1之下降蓮轉之安定速度SND 之最低值以上之速度時，超載檢出電路10將判斷為，三相 感應電動機1係在下降運轉中，而解除超載輸出之保持。 依上述之第2發明之第3實施例，即可從未含三相感應電 動機1之回轉方向情報的回轉檢出器7之輸出，判斷下降 運轉狀態而解除超載輸出。 Η配合圖10說明本發明之第2發明之第4實施例捲揚 機之電動機超載檢出裝置。在本實施例中，像從操作電路 11,將捲揚指令信號llu輸入超載檢出電路10,取代下降 指令信號11d。除此以外之構成狀態，均與第2發明之第1 實施例相同。 茲配合圖10說明第2發明之第4實施例捲揚機之電動 機超載檢出裝置之動作。操作電路11 一停止將捲揚指令信 號llu輸入超載檢出電路10,超載檢出電路1〇即判斷為， 蓮轉已停止，而解除超載檢出電路10之超載輸出之保持。 於是，可在停止三相感應電動機1之後，立即再開始捲揚 運轉。其他動作均與第2發明之第1實施例相同。 Η配合圖8説明本發明之第2發明之第5實施例捲揚 機之電動機超載檢出裝置。在本實施例中，並不將操作電 路11之捲揚指令信號llu,下降指令信號11d輸入超載檢出 電路10。其他構成狀態均與第2發明之第4實施例相同。 Η配合圖8說明第2發明之第5實施例之動作。以回 ih 先 閲 讀 背 而 之 注 意 事 項 再 填 % 本 裝 π 線 私紙張尺度逍用中《國家榣準(CNS)肀4規格(210x297公;it) 81. 7. 20,000¾ (Η) 12 經濟部屮央標準局员工消t合作杜印製 五、發明説明（13) 轉檢出器7檢出三相感應電動機1之回轉速度，而於其值 降低至所定值以下時，或變成0時，即判斷為已停止蓮轉 ，於是超載檢出電路10便解除超載輸出之保持。由此，對 本實施例而言，超載檢出電10將不必要操作電路11所發出 之捲揚指令信號llu。其他動作均與第2發明之第4實施 例相同。 按，在上述之各實施例中，回轉檢出器7雖均示以由 速度發電機所構成者，但也不妨以旋轉编碼器（Rotary encoder)等構成。又，電壓檢出器8雖使其檢出電源線R, S間之電壓，但也不妨檢出其他線間電壓。 再則，在上述各實施例中，俗説明電源為商用電源而 頻率為一定時的情形，如為使用可變電壓，可變頻率之反 相器（Inverter)驅動感應電動機時，則例如，檢出反相器 之輸出電壓，輸出頻率，電動機之溫度以設定基準回轉速 度，而與感應電動機之回轉速度比較，即可逹到同樣的效 果。 〔發明之效果〕 本發明之第1發明捲揚機之電動機超載檢出裝置為， 如以上所説明，愾根據電檢出器及溫度檢出器之檢出值 決定感應電動機之基準速度值，根據回轉檢出器所檢出之 回轉速度及該基準速度判別感應電動機之超載狀態，因此 不必要使用複雜而昂貴的電力檢出器，延遲繼電器，而得 以簡單的構造，不僅在捲揚運轉時甚至在下降蓮轉時也能 判別感應電動機之超載狀態。 本紙张尺度遑用中明B家榣準(CNS)T4規格(210X297公*) 二 81. 7. 20,000¾ (II) (請先閲讀背而之注意事項-¾填寫本f Λ 6 Π 6 五、發明説明（14) 又，本發明之第2發明如以上所說明，係以構造簡單 的電動機超載檢出裝置檢知捲揚蓮轉時之超載狀態，而將 指示超載之輸出保持到捲揚蓮轉之停止或下降運轉之開始 ,因此可提供價廉而容易使用的捲揚機之電動機超載檢出 裝置。 〔圖式之簡單說明〕 圖1為，本發明之第1發明之電動機超載檢出裝置之 電路圖。 圖2為，圖1之電動機超載檢出裝置之捲揚動作時之 回轉速度特性圖。 _ 示 表 ik 先 閱 背 而 之 注 意 事 項 Λ 填 % 本 壓 gat 與 ， 度 為速 3 準 画基 的 時 作 33 揚 捲 之 置 〇 裝圖 出性 檢待 載的 超倦 機關 動之 電度 之溫 1 及 之 時 作 降 下 之 置 裝 出 檢 截 ΤΤΒΓ 超 »yv 機 tlBT7ft 33 電 之 1 ο 圖圖 , 性 為恃 4 度 圖速 轉 回 作 降 下 之 置 0 裝圖 出性 檢待 載的 超m 機關 動之 電度 之溫 1 及 圖壓 示 電 表與 , 度 為速 5 準 圖基 之 時 經濟部屮央櫺準局员工消伢合作社印製 檢 钱 -Ifi 超 機 電 例 施 實 1Χ 第 明 發 2 第 之 明 發 C 本圖 , 路 為電 6 之 圖置 裝 出 之 時 作 動 揚 捲 之 置 裝 出 檢 載 超 機 電 之 6 〇 圖画 , 性 為待 7 度 圖速 轉 回 之 例 施 實 5 第 3 第 2 第 明 〇 發圖 2 路 第電 之之 明置 發裝 本出 , 檢 為載 8 超 圖機 動 »3- 機終 電起 之與 例重 施載 實的 3 時 第轉 3J BE 明遵 發降 2 下 第 -之轉 發揚 本捲 示在 表 ， , 路 t?> 9 出 圖檢 載 超 本紙張尺度逡用中a a家«準(CNS) Τ4規格(210x297公釐） 81. 7. 20,000^(1!) Λ 6 Π6 五、發明説明（1¾ 了 後 之 安 定 回 轉 速 度 之 關 僳 的 待 性 圖 〇 画 1 C 丨為 ， 本 發 明 之 第 2 發 明 第 4 實 施 例 之 電 動 ttifc m 超 載 檢 出 裝 置 之 電 路 圖 〇 圖 1 1 為 9 以 往 之 捲 揚 機 之 電 動 機 超 載 檢 出 裝 置 之 電 路 圖 〇 圖 12為 9 表 示 圖 1 1 之 電 動 機 超 載 檢 出 裝 置 的 電 壓 與 電 力 之 關 % 的 動 作 特 性 圖 〇 [ 符 號 之 說 明 ) 1 為 三 相 感 應 電 動 機 ， 2 為 電 力 檢 出 器 f 3 為 變 換 器 > 4 為 比 較 器 $ 5 為 判 別 電 路 9 6 為 負 載 檢 出 電 路 t 7 為 回 轉 檢 出 器 t 8 為 電 壓 檢 出 器 » 9 為 溫 度 檢 出 器 t 1 〇為 超 載 撿 出 電 路 9 11 為 操 作 電 路 > 11 U為捲揚指令信號， 1 1 D為 下 降 指 令 信 號 $ 1 2為 交 流 控 制 電 路 〇 (請先閲讀背而之注意亊項A蜞寫本(Tk Read the precautions first. This paper has 5 good standards and uses the Chinese home sample (CNS) T4 specification (210X297 g) 7 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (11) Λ 6 Π 6 Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by Dui Beigong Consumer Cooperation Co., Ltd. 5. Description of the invention (8) At t2, the speed SO of the voltage VI is shown in FIG. 3. Press, the temperature Ti, temperature Τ2, temperature Τ3 represent the situation at high temperature, medium temperature, low temperature. The overload detection circuit 10 will further respond to the output of the rotation detector 7 at time t2, and after determining that the start of the three-phase induction motor 1 is terminated, the rotation speed S1 detected from the rotation detector 7 is over the speed S0 The above conditions are judged as a normal load below the rating without output. On the other hand, when lifting a heavy cargo that exceeds the rated load, it will stabilize at a speed S4 that is lower than the reference speed S0. Thus, at time t2, the overload detection circuit 10 determines that the hoisting of the three-phase induction motor 1 has ended, and determines that the overload exceeds the rated load and generates an output. Η With reference to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the lowering operation of the motor overload detection device of the winch according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 4 is a characteristic diagram of the rotation speed during the descent operation of the motor overload detection device of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the falsification of the reference speed S0 and the voltage and temperature during the lowering operation of the motor overload detection device of Fig. 1; The same is true when the normal load below the rated load is lowered, and the instantaneous acceleration at the time tl due to the strong starting moment causes the three-phase induction motor 1 to accelerate. Therefore, it will greatly exceed the normal speed S5 and overshoot, but will stabilize at the normal speed S5 above the synchronous speed S2 after the time t2 is near. The overload detection circuit 10 will respond to the rotation detector 7 to generate a voltage signal indicating the polarity of the downward rotation starting from time t1, and detect the start of the downward rotation. In addition, the overload detection circuit 10 determines the reference rotation speed S0D at the time of decrease according to the voltage VI detected by the electric detector 8 and the temperature detected by the temperature detector 9. At the time t2, after judging the end of the start, due to the detected slewing speed S5 paper ", the standard is used in the 8B family standard (CNS) T4 specification (210X297 public) 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (11) (please read the back first Matters needing attention ^ Fill in this book (installation and line-up. Λ 6 Π 6 Printed in cooperation with Zhengongxiao, Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs). 5. Description of the invention (9) If it is lower than the reference speed SOD, it is judged to be below the rated load Normal load without output. However, when lifting a heavy cargo that exceeds the rated load, it will stabilize at a speed S6 that exceeds the reference speed SOD. Thus, the overload detection circuit 10 will be discriminated at time t 2 After the end of the descent start, it is determined that the overload state exceeds the rated load and an output is generated .. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a motor overload detection device according to the first embodiment of the second invention of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a three-phase induction motor, Tai supplies three-phase alternating current from three-phase power lines R, S, and T. 7 is a rotation detector composed of a speed generator, which is used to output the polarity and size of the rotation direction and rotation speed of the three-phase induction motor 1 Voltage signal. 8 is the voltage detector It is used to detect and output the voltage between the R and S lines of the three-phase power lines R, S and T. 9 is a temperature detector, which is used to output a voltage signal matching the temperature of the three-phase induction motor 1. 10 is The overload detection circuit is used to determine the reference rotation speed value in accordance with the output of the voltage detector 8 and the temperature detector 9, according to the output of the rotation detector 7, and after determining that the startup has ended, according to the output of the rotation detector 7 The comparison result with the reference value is used to determine the overload and execute the output. 11 is an operation circuit for outputting the winch command signal llii and the down command signal 11d. 12 is an AC control circuit for following the winch command signal issued by the control circuit 11 llu, down command signal 11d, change the phase sequence of the voltage of three-phase power lines R, S, T supplied to three-phase induction motor 1 to change the rotation direction of three-phase induction motor 1. Press, down command signal 11d will also input overload The detection circuit 10. The second invention of the present invention is described in conjunction with FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 in the first paper size for easy use in the BB Family Standard (CNS) T4 specification (210X297). 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (II) (please read the note on the back of the book first ¾ 塡 写 本 i f Λ 6 Π 6 Printed by the β-Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Development of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (10) The operation of the motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine of the embodiment. FIG. 7 is the hoisting of the motor overload detection device of FIG. 6 Standby diagram of the rotation speed during operation. Also, Figure 3 is a wait diagram showing the relationship between the reference speed S0 and the voltage and temperature during the hoisting operation of the motor overload detection device of Figure 6. Lifting the load below the rated load Under normal load, the instantaneous acceleration of the three-phase induction motor 1 due to the strong starting torque at time tl will temporarily reach the speed S3 that exceeds the synchronous speed S2 for a while, but will stabilize after the time t2 Speed S1 below the synchronous speed S2. The overload detection circuit 10 responds to the rotation detector 7 and generates a voltage signal indicating the polarity of the winding rotation from time t1 to detect the start of the winding. In addition, the overload detection circuit 10 determines the reference speed S0 during winding based on the voltage detected by the voltage detector 8 and the temperature detected by the temperature detector 9. The reference speed SO depends on the temperature and voltage. The speed SO corresponding to the time t2 is shown in FIG. 3 at time t2. Press, temperature T1, temperature T2, temperature T3 represent the situation at high temperature, medium temperature, low temperature. The overload detection circuit 10 will further respond to the output of the rotation detector 7 at time t2, and after determining that the start of the three-phase induction motor 1 has ended, the rotation speed S1 detected from the rotation detector 7 exceeds the speed S0 The condition judges that the load is a normal load below the rating, and no output is generated. On the other hand, when lifting a heavy cargo that exceeds the rated load, it will stabilize at a speed S4 lower than the speed S0. Therefore, the overload detection circuit 10 determines that the hoisting of the three-phase induction motor 1 has ended at time t 2, determines that the overload exceeds the rated load, and generates and maintains the output. Upon receiving the down command signal 11D from the operation circuit 11. Overload detection of this paper-scale melodrama "Home« Bi (CNS) Yu 4 specifications (210x297 g **) 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (11) 10 (Please read the notes on the back of Kong Kong (299526 Λ 6 Π 6 V. Description of the invention (11) The circuit 10 releases the hold of the overload output. Therefore, the operator can be sure that he is in the consumer cooperation du printing industry of the Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The electric power is Hui Danlian and t is in After switching to electric power, the first one of 10 is reduced to 10M. After the power is returned, the first operation of the lotus is started. Machine 1, the output of the next road should be lowered to the end, and §1. Shi Cheng. Xiaogan ’s example is followed by 2 CLP rolling out action 1 for the actual situation, η) the first inspection circuit 1 inspection Do3 machine 3 2 actual and see to the installation>. For example, the motor should be loaded with the 11th electric power and the third weight can be checked. It can be detected that the transmission speed of the super signal is not the same as that shown in the figure shown in the same application. In short, the button 2 contains § Example 2 and Example 3 contains the time when the speed of the delivery will return to the state of consciousness from the first to the second, as the second sense. Judgment of phase c. Falling. Formula 1 into 2 lotus figure 揿 明 动 $ 1 Ming nature transfers to three holding the same square machine 7 structure degenerates and then generates electricity i. First. Under the current example, Dy Ming 2 made a case of lowering the judgment and sent a telegram to say that, the Ming Shi 11 issued the first move and the output of the starting cost should be checked. 9 Turn the vulgar object to the real number 2 Ming is the loser The loser confirmed that the report was sent to Tulian Customs. Figure 2 The letter says that the 7th set of No. 111 is said to be in love, and the OO order and 8 installers are 7 super roads. The fingers of the degree of release put out the de-energized bright map of the breaker, and the direction is according to the time. The speed of the icon is shown in the down-state combined inspection and the solution is determined to be released. That is to say, the 2 matching examples,. The matching is to turn back into 2 and the super turn is to be turned, and the number of the device is required to return to the case 9. The 11th machine is always loaded. Super. In the other way, change from uneven to uneven. This pressure tester is real. (Please read the precautions first and then write the book (This paper is not used in the standard of CNB) 4 specifications ( 210x2 97 Gong Λ) 11 81. 7. 20,000 sheets (II) Λ 6 η 6 Printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of invention (12) The stable speed SND at the time of being greater than that at the time of hoisting operation Stable speed SNU. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the three-phase induction motor 1 is detected by the rotation detector 7 and the number of rotations is higher than the minimum value of the stable speed SND of the three-phase induction motor 1 falling, the overload is overloaded The detection circuit 10 determines that the three-phase induction motor 1 is in the down operation and releases the hold of the overload output. According to the third embodiment of the second invention described above, the output of the rotation detector 7 that does not contain the rotation direction information of the three-phase induction motor 1 can be judged to be in the down-running state and the overload output can be released. Η With reference to Fig. 10, a motor overload detection device for a hoisting machine according to a fourth embodiment of the second invention of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, like the slave operation circuit 11, the winding command signal 11u is input to the overload detection circuit 10 instead of the down command signal 11d. Except for this, the configuration states are the same as in the first embodiment of the second invention. The operation of the motor overload detection device of the hoisting machine according to the fourth embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. When the operation circuit 11 stops inputting the hoisting command signal 11u to the overload detection circuit 10, the overload detection circuit 10 determines that the lotus rotation has stopped, and releases the overload output circuit 10 from holding the overload output. Therefore, the hoisting operation can be restarted immediately after stopping the three-phase induction motor 1. Other operations are the same as in the first embodiment of the second invention. With reference to FIG. 8, a motor overload detection device for a hoisting machine according to a fifth embodiment of the second invention of the present invention will be described. In this embodiment, the winch command signal 11u and the down command signal 11d of the operation circuit 11 are not input to the overload detection circuit 10. The other configuration states are the same as in the fourth embodiment of the second invention. Η The operation of the fifth embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. To return to ih, read the precautions first, and then fill in%. The size of the π line private paper is used in the national standard (CNS) 4 specifications (210x297 g; it) 81. 7. 20,000¾ (Η) 12 Economy Co-worked by employees of the Ministry of Standards and Administration of the People's Republic of China Du. Printed 5. Description of the invention (13) The rotation detector 7 detects the rotation speed of the three-phase induction motor 1, and when its value drops below the specified value, or becomes 0 That is, it is determined that the lotus rotation has been stopped, and the overload detection circuit 10 releases the holding of the overload output. Therefore, in this embodiment, the overload detection circuit 10 will not need to operate the winding command signal 11u issued by the circuit 11. Other operations are the same as in the fourth embodiment of the second invention. In the above embodiments, although the rotation detector 7 is shown as being composed of a speed generator, it may also be composed of a rotary encoder (Rotary encoder) or the like. In addition, although the voltage detector 8 detects the voltage between the power supply lines R and S, it may also detect other voltages between the lines. In addition, in the above embodiments, the case where the power supply is a commercial power supply and the frequency is constant is used. For example, when a variable voltage and variable frequency inverter is used to drive an induction motor, for example, The output voltage of the inverter, the output frequency, and the temperature of the motor are set based on the reference rotation speed, and compared with the rotation speed of the induction motor, the same effect can be achieved. [Effects of the Invention] The motor overload detection device of the first invention of the present invention is, as described above, the reference speed value of the induction motor is determined based on the detection values of the electric detector and the temperature detector, and is based on the rotation The rotation speed detected by the detector and the reference speed determine the overload state of the induction motor, so it is unnecessary to use complex and expensive power detectors and delay relays, and the simple structure can not only be used during winding operation The overload state of the induction motor can also be judged when descending the lotus. The size of this paper is based on the Zhongming B Family Standard (CNS) T4 specification (210X297 g *) 2 81. 7. 20,000¾ (II) (Please read the precautions-fill in this f Λ 6 Π 6 5 Description of the invention (14) In addition, as described above, the second invention of the present invention detects the overload state when the hoisting lotus is rotating with a simple structure motor overload detection device, and keeps the output indicating overload to the hoisting The stop of the lotus rotation or the beginning of the down operation makes it possible to provide a cheap and easy-to-use winch motor overload detection device. [Simple description of drawings] FIG. 1 is a motor overload detection device of the first invention of the present invention Circuit diagram. Figure 2 is the rotation speed characteristic diagram of the motor overload detection device of FIG. 1 during the winding action. _ Show table ik First read the backing notes Λ Fill% The pressure gat and the degree is speed 3 The time of painting base is 33. The installation of the scroll is displayed. The temperature of the electrical power of the super tired machine to be loaded is shown in the sexual inspection. The time is lowered. The installation is checked. The TTBΓ super »yv machine tlBT7ft 33. electric 1 ο Picture, sex is 4 degrees Switch back to the lowered position and set it to the super-m machine with the power to check the temperature 1 and the graph pressure meter, and the speed is 5 when the quasi-Tukey is released. Printed and inspected by the cooperatives-Ifi super-electromechanical example implementation 1Χ The first Mingfa 2 The first Mingfa C This picture, the road is the electricity 6 when the picture is installed. 〇Picture, the performance is to wait for the example of the 7-degree map speed back to be implemented 5th 3rd 2nd Ming 〇 issued 2 roads of the electric power of the Mingzhi issued by the original, checked as containing 8 super-picture maneuver »3- After the machine is powered on, it will be transferred at the 3rd hour, the 3rd turn, 3J BE, Ming Zunfa, 2nd, 2nd-The forwarding volume is shown in the table,, Road t?> 9 The drawing shows that the paper size exceeds the standard. Use the aa home «quasi (CNS) Τ4 specification (210x297 mm) 81. 7. 20,000 ^ (1!) Λ 6 Π6 V. Description of invention (1¾ After the tentative graph of the stability of the rotation speed 1 C is an electric ttifc of the second embodiment of the second invention of the present invention m Circuit diagram of overload detection device. FIG. 1 1 is 9 circuit diagram of the conventional motor overload detection device of the hoist. FIG. 12 is 9 is an operation characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the voltage and power of the motor overload detection device of FIG. 1 1%. 〇 [Explanation of symbols] 1 is a three-phase induction motor, 2 is a power detector f 3 is an inverter > 4 is a comparator $ 5 is a discrimination circuit 9 6 is a load detection circuit t 7 is a rotation detector t 8 is the voltage detector »9 is the temperature detector t 1 〇 is the overload pick-up circuit 9 11 is the operating circuit > 11 U is the winding command signal, 1 1 D is the down command signal $ 1 2 is the AC control circuit 〇 (Please read back to the first note A transcript (
經濟部中央榣準局貞工消费合作社印M 本紙张尺度遑用中BB家榣準(CNS)甲4規格(210X297公釐） ι 5 8丨.7. 20,000¾ (丨I)Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Economic Affairs, Jeonggong Consumer Cooperative Society. The size of this paper is in the Chinese BB Family Standard (CNS), Grade A (210X297 mm). Ι 5 8 丨 .7. 20,000¾ (丨 I)